CN114363392A - Unicast and multicast switching method, system and medium for session management - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a unicast and multicast switching method, a unicast and multicast switching system and a unicast and multicast switching medium for session management, wherein the unicast and multicast switching method, the unicast and multicast switching system and the unicast and multicast switching medium comprise the following steps: step S10: presetting a trigger threshold value x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold value y for switching multicast to unicast; step S11: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content; step S12: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset triggering threshold, judging whether a triggering condition is met, and determining whether to trigger switching according to the actual load condition of the network; step S13: and executing the unicast and multicast switching flow to complete the switching between unicast and multicast. The invention adopts a threshold value setting method to ensure the stability of unicast and multicast switching, and simultaneously, the method for triggering the unicast and multicast switching by the session management function can ensure the reliability of the unicast and multicast switching in the 5G system and simultaneously ensure the continuity of services during the unicast and multicast switching.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a unicast and multicast switching method, system, and medium for session management. And more particularly, to a method for a session management function to trigger unicast-multicast switching in a 5G system.
Background
With the rapid development of the Internet, a large number of multimedia services emerge, some of which apply services in which a plurality of users can receive the same data at the same time, such as video-on-demand, television broadcasting, video conferencing, online education, interactive games, and so on. For mobile networks, if a large number of users using the same service are in the same cell, the radio access network, especially the radio link, can easily become a bottleneck. For example, when a large sporting event is played on-line, many fans watch the game on their cell phones or other mobile devices at the same time. In this case, the use of point-to-point radio bearers is very inefficient. Therefore, a broadcast multicast service is highly required.
The multicast broadcast can obviously improve the utilization efficiency of air interface frequency resources by distributing the homogeneous content. From 3G, a mobile communication network provides multicast broadcast capability, and 3GPP defines MBMS for the 3G network and then eMBMS for the 4G network, but these dedicated broadcast systems have high exclusivity to time-frequency resources, are independent from unicast systems, have complex technical solutions, are not strong in requirements, and have unclear application scenes, so that multicast broadcast cannot be commercialized in large scale in 3G and 4G.
This situation varies greatly in 5G networks. As the video live broadcast service has become the mainstream application of the current mobile internet, the traffic occupation ratio is very large, and the situation that a plurality of users request the same content in a certain area in the same time period often occurs, so the single-cell multicast service mentioned in 5G Rel-17 becomes an important issue. In the system, unicast and multicast exist at the same time, exclusive time-frequency resources cannot be allocated for multicast, and the network can dynamically switch the unicast and multicast mode so as to better utilize network resources. Considering the continuity of the service, the 5G core network needs a reliable switching method, and considering that the user experience is improved to the maximum extent, the inventor proposes a reliable switching method for unicast and multicast in the 5G network.
Patent document CN107995603A (application number: 201610958518.5) discloses a method and an apparatus for implementing capability openness, in which a network side implements management of terminals in a group according to a group network policy corresponding to a service group by acquiring service group information transmitted by a third-party service through a capability openness platform, thereby implementing capability openness based on group management and satisfying differentiated service implementation of the third-party service based on the group service.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a unicast and multicast switching method, system and medium for session management.
The unicast and multicast switching method for session management provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S10: presetting a trigger threshold value x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold value y for switching multicast to unicast;
step S11: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
step S12: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset triggering threshold, judging whether a triggering condition is met, and determining whether to trigger switching according to the actual load condition of the network;
step S13: and executing the unicast and multicast switching flow to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
Preferably, the method is divided into unicast session management and multicast session management according to the type of session management, and the number of the user equipment for unicast session management and multicast session management is counted respectively.
Preferably, the unicast switching to multicast flow comprises the following steps:
step S21: providing information of user equipment and a next generation radio access network to unicast session management through an access and mobility management function;
step S22: judging whether a trigger condition is met or not through unicast session management, and if so, triggering unicast-to-multicast switching;
step S23: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying the user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S24: the multicast session management informs the strategy control function of updating the strategy and sends the modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S25: the access and mobility management functions inform the radio access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint modes, and switch from unicast to multicast is completed.
Preferably, the multicast-to-unicast flow includes the following steps:
step S31: providing information of user equipment and a next generation radio access network to multicast session management through access and mobility management functions;
step S32: judging whether a trigger condition is met or not through multicast session management, and if so, triggering multicast-to-unicast switching;
step S33: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying the user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S34: the unicast session management informs the policy control function of updating the policy, and sends the modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S35: the access and mobility management functions inform the radio access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint modes, and complete the switching from multicast to unicast.
Preferably, the unicast session management and the multicast session management are interacted through an N16 interface.
Preferably, the trigger threshold value x and the trigger threshold value y are both positive integers, and x is greater than y;
the trigger threshold x and the trigger threshold y are both proportional to the actual load capacity of the radio access network.
Preferably, the request contents of different user equipment numbers are compared, and if the user equipment number is greater than or equal to a trigger threshold value x, switching from unicast to multicast is triggered; if the value is less than the trigger threshold value x, switching from unicast to multicast is not triggered;
if the number of the user equipment is smaller than the trigger threshold y, ending the multicast session; if the value is larger than or equal to the trigger threshold y, the multicast session is maintained.
Preferably, after the switching process is completed, when new user equipment requests content, unicast session management and multicast session management judge whether a multicast session with the same content exists, and if so, multicast session management adds the multicast session to a multicast session group; if not, the unicast session management establishes the unicast session for the unicast session management.
The unicast and multicast switching system for session management provided by the invention comprises the following components:
module M1: presetting a trigger threshold value x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold value y for switching multicast to unicast;
module M2: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
module M3: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset triggering threshold, judging whether a triggering condition is met, and determining whether to trigger switching according to the actual load condition of the network;
module M4: and executing the unicast and multicast switching flow to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
According to the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for triggering unicast and multicast switching by the session management function in the 5G system can ensure the reliability of unicast and multicast switching in the 5G system and simultaneously ensure the continuity of services during unicast and multicast switching;
2. in the aspect of threshold setting, the method and the device are set according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, and the trigger threshold value x for switching the unicast to the multicast is larger than the trigger threshold value y for switching the multicast to the unicast, so that the frequency of the unicast and multicast switching is reduced, and the stability of the network condition is facilitated.
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Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for triggering unicast and multicast switching by a session management function in a 5G system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of switching from unicast to multicast according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the multicast to unicast switching according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a specific embodiment of switching unicast to multicast according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the functional connections of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention can further improve the reliability of unicast and multicast switching in the 5G system, and simultaneously ensure the continuity of the service and the stability of the whole network in the switching process.
According to the invention, SMF and (MB-) SMF set the trigger threshold for switching unicast to multicast and the trigger threshold for switching multicast to unicast according to the actual load capacity of NG-RAN, and complete reliable unicast and multicast switching through the trigger flow.
The embodiment provides a method for triggering unicast and multicast switching by a session management function in a 5G system, which can further improve the reliability of unicast and multicast switching in the 5G system, and simultaneously ensure the continuity of services and the stability of the whole network in the switching process.
The specific technical scheme of the embodiment is as follows:
in the 5G architecture, a control plane consists of an AMF, an SMF and a PCF, UE is connected with NG-RAN through an air interface, the NG-RAN is connected with the AMF through an N2 interface, the interface is used for transmitting an N2Message signaling, and the signaling is used for interaction between the NG-RAN and the AMF;
the UE can also be connected with the AMF through an N1 interface, wherein the interface is used for transmitting N1 Message signaling, and the signaling is used for interaction between the UE and the AMF;
the AMF is connected with the SMF through an N11 interface, the interface is used for transmitting Namf _ Communication _ N1N2MessageTransfer signaling, and the AMF reports the information of the UE and the NG-RAN to the SMF through the signaling;
the SMF is connected with the PCF through an N7 interface, the interface is used for transmitting an Npcf _ SMPolicyControl _ Update signaling, and the signaling is used for updating a PCF transmission strategy;
the SMFs are connected with the SMFs through an N16 interface, the interface is used for transmitting N16 Message signaling, and the signaling is used for interaction between the SMFs.
In the 5G architecture, a user plane consists of a UPF and an AF, UE is connected with NG-RAN through an air interface, the NG-RAN is connected with the UPF through an N3 interface, and the interface is used for transmitting user data;
the UPF is connected with the AF through an N6 interface, and the AF issues data through the interface; the UPF is connected to the SMF over an N4 interface, which is used to transmit N4 Session Modification signaling through which the SMF modifies the UPF configuration.
As shown in fig. 1, a flow of a specific embodiment of a method for triggering unicast and multicast switching by a session management function in a 5G system according to the present invention includes the following steps:
step S10, SMF presets a trigger threshold for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold for switching multicast to unicast;
step S11, SMF counts the number of UE requesting the same content through unicast/multicast;
in step S12, the SMF determines whether the trigger condition is satisfied, and determines whether to trigger the handover according to the actual load condition of the network.
Step S13, the system executes the unicast and multicast switching flow to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the specific implementation method for switching unicast to multicast according to the present invention is as follows:
0. initially, the UE communicates with the AF and receives service data through a unicast mode.
And 1, the SMF sets a unicast switching trigger threshold value according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, and if the threshold value exists, the next step is carried out.
(MB-) SMF sets a multicast-to-unicast trigger threshold according to the actual load capacity of NG-RAN, and if the threshold exists, the next step is carried out.
The AMF can obtain the location of the UE in the RAN node and other N1 messages; acquiring an N2message, such as a congestion status of the RAN; the information is sent to the SMF by calling Nsmf pdusesion _ UpdateSMContext. The information includes, but is not limited to, unicast session ID, SUPI, mapping of UE to RAN node, communication capabilities of RAN, availability of radio resources.
SMF is able to collect and predict the needs of each content. According to the information sent by the AMF, if the number of unicast sessions carrying the same content exceeds the load capacity of the NG-RAN or the prediction range of the SMF, the SMF triggers the switching from the unicast sending mode to the multicast sending mode.
The SMF provides information related to the unicast session to the (MB-) SMF.
SMF configures UPF because the unicast session is about to end.
SMF configuration (MB-) UPF.
(MB-) SMF sends unicast session ID, SUPI and multicast related information/indications (e.g., TMGI, (MB-) UPF) etc. to AMF through Namf _ Communication _ N1N2MessageTransfer, and AMF sends to NG-RAN through N2 Message.
10. The NG-RAN establishes or modifies AN resource for the multicast session according to the N2 Message.
ng-RAN may acknowledge handover to AMF may be implemented and AMF may acknowledge handover to (MB-) SMF.
Since the switching of the transmission mode is triggered by the SMF, it is necessary to confirm the intention of the UE and count the respective numbers. If new UEs are requesting the same content, they can join the multicast session directly and the number of multicast increases.
(MB-) SMF sends multicast information/instructions (e.g. TMGI, (MB-) UPF) etc. to AMF via Namf _ Communication _ N1N2MessageTransfer, AMF sends to UE via N1 Message.
12b-11b some UEs wish to switch transmission mode and others do not agree, the UE will tend to reply to (MB-) SMF.
After counting the number of the respective UEs, (MB-) SMF informs PCF that the corresponding UE transfer mode is about to change (including SM Policy Association ID) through Npcf _ SMPolicyControl _ UpdateRequest, so that PCF performs Policy update.
PCF replies to (MB-) SMF policy updates.
14-15. the UE requests data of the multicast mode from the AF at the application layer. The AF updates the service and sends the data to the (MB-) SMF. The (MB-) SMF sends the data to the NG-RAN. The NG-RAN sends the data to the UE in multicast.
UE requests UPF to stop the original unicast session.
As more and more UEs exit the multicast session, the (MB-) SMF will decide to send data for the remaining UEs with unicast sessions. Switching from multicast to unicast is easier to guarantee the continuity of the traffic than switching from unicast to multicast.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of functional connections of the present invention:
access and Mobility Management Function (AMF): and is responsible for user access and mobility management.
Session Management Function (SMF): session management, IP address assignment and management, selection and control of UPF for UE sessions are provided. (MB-) indicates that the SMF is to manage a multicast broadcast (MulticastBroadcast) session.
Policy Control Function (PCF): responsible for UE access policy and Quality of Service (QoS): and generating a UE access strategy and a QoS flow control strategy.
User Plane Function (User Plane Function, UPF): and providing user plane functions of forwarding and processing user messages, connecting with AF, session anchor points, QoS strategy execution and the like. (MB-) indicates that the UPF is used to manage a Multicast Broadcast (Multicast Broadcast) session.
Radio Access Network (RAN): the 5G Access Network includes a Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) or a non-3 GPP Access to a 5G core Network.
Application Function (AF): and performing interaction on behalf of other control network elements of the application 5G network, wherein the interaction comprises the requirements of providing a service QoS strategy, a routing strategy and the like.
User Equipment (UE): a terminal device used by a user.
The 5G network architecture is designed according to the basic principle of control forwarding separation, and can be divided into two parts, namely a control plane and a user plane (or a data plane) according to the basic functions of network elements. The user plane is responsible for forwarding and processing user messages, and mainly comprises a forwarding function of a base station and one or more user functions. The control plane network element is responsible for executing various controls such as access authentication, mobility management, session management, policy control and the like on the UE.
Example 2:
the method for triggering unicast and multicast switching by the session management function in the 5G system comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the SMF triggers the flow of switching from unicast to multicast, which is specifically as follows:
(1) the SMF sets a trigger threshold value x for switching the unicast to the multicast flow, the threshold value x is determined according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, and if the threshold value x exists currently, the next step is directly executed;
(2) the AMF provides information of the UE and the NG-RAN to the SMF, wherein the information comprises the number of connected UEs in the NG-RAN and data content requested by the UE;
(3) the SMF compares the contents requested by different UEs, judges whether the number of the UEs requesting the same content is greater than or equal to a threshold value x, if so, triggers the switching from unicast to multicast, and if not, does not trigger the switching from unicast to multicast;
(4) SMF interacts with (MB-) SMF, which modifies UPF configuration, (MB-) SMF modifies (MB-) UPF configuration;
(5) (MB-) SMF informs PCF of updating policy and sends modification information to AMF;
(6) and the AMF informs the RAN of distributing related resources for the multicast session and switching the PTP/PTM mode according to the received information, and the switching from unicast to multicast is completed.
As shown in fig. 3, the SMF triggers the flow of switching multicast to unicast, which is specifically as follows:
(1) (MB-) SMF sets a trigger threshold value y for switching unicast to multicast flow, the threshold value y is determined according to the actual load capacity of NG-RAN, and if the threshold value y exists currently, the next step is directly executed;
(2) the AMF provides information of the UE and the NG-RAN to the SMF, wherein the information comprises the number of connected UEs in the NG-RAN and data content requested by the UE;
(3) the (MB-) SMF judges whether the number of the UE in the current multicast session is smaller than a threshold value y, if so, the SMF decides to end the multicast session, and if not, the SMF maintains the multicast session;
(4) SMF interacts with (MB-) SMF, which modifies UPF configuration, (MB-) SMF modifies (MB-) UPF configuration;
(5) SMF informs PCF to update strategy and sends modification information to AMF;
(6) and the AMF informs the RAN of modifying the related resources of the session and switching the PTM/PTP mode according to the received information, and completes the switching from multicast to unicast.
The unicast and multicast switching system for session management provided by the invention comprises the following components:
module M1: presetting a trigger threshold value x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold value y for switching multicast to unicast;
module M2: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
module M3: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset triggering threshold, judging whether a triggering condition is met, and determining whether to trigger switching according to the actual load condition of the network;
module M4: and executing the unicast and multicast switching flow to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
According to the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method as described above.
In the method for triggering unicast and multicast switching by using the session management function in the 5G system, the SMF sets the trigger threshold according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, the trigger thresholds of different NG-RANs may be different, and at the same time, the threshold needs to be set for each trigger switching, and the trigger threshold of the fixed NG-RAN may be a fixed value which is preset.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof provided by the present invention in purely computer readable program code, the same procedures can be implemented entirely by logically programming method steps such that the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof are provided in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system, the device and the modules thereof provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the modules included in the system, the device and the modules thereof for implementing various programs can also be considered as structures in the hardware component; modules for performing various functions may also be considered to be both software programs for performing the methods and structures within hardware components.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A unicast and multicast switching method for session management, comprising:
step S10: presetting a trigger threshold value x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold value y for switching multicast to unicast;
step S11: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
step S12: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset triggering threshold, judging whether a triggering condition is met, and determining whether to trigger switching according to the actual load condition of the network;
step S13: and executing the unicast and multicast switching flow to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
2. The unicast and multicast switching method for session management according to claim 1, wherein the unicast session management and the multicast session management are divided according to the type of session management, and the number of the user equipments for unicast session management and multicast session management is counted respectively.
3. The unicast-multicast switching method for session management according to claim 2, wherein the unicast switching to multicast flow comprises the following steps:
step S21: providing information of user equipment and a next generation radio access network to unicast session management through an access and mobility management function;
step S22: judging whether a trigger condition is met or not through unicast session management, and if so, triggering unicast-to-multicast switching;
step S23: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying the user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S24: the multicast session management informs the strategy control function of updating the strategy and sends the modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S25: the access and mobility management functions inform the radio access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint modes, and switch from unicast to multicast is completed.
4. The unicast-multicast switching method for session management according to claim 2, wherein the multicast switching to unicast flow comprises the following steps:
step S31: providing information of user equipment and a next generation radio access network to multicast session management through access and mobility management functions;
step S32: judging whether a trigger condition is met or not through multicast session management, and if so, triggering multicast-to-unicast switching;
step S33: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying the user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S34: the unicast session management informs the policy control function of updating the policy, and sends the modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S35: the access and mobility management functions inform the radio access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint modes, and complete the switching from multicast to unicast.
5. The unicast and multicast switching method for session management according to claim 2, wherein said unicast session management and multicast session management interact with each other through an N16 interface.
6. The unicast and multicast switching method for session management according to claim 1, wherein said trigger threshold x and trigger threshold y are both positive integers, and x is greater than y;
the trigger threshold x and the trigger threshold y are both proportional to the actual load capacity of the radio access network.
7. The unicast and multicast switching method for session management according to claim 1, wherein request contents of different numbers of user equipments are compared, and if the number of user equipments is greater than or equal to a trigger threshold x, the unicast-to-multicast switching is triggered; if the value is less than the trigger threshold value x, switching from unicast to multicast is not triggered;
if the number of the user equipment is smaller than the trigger threshold y, ending the multicast session; if the value is larger than or equal to the trigger threshold y, the multicast session is maintained.
8. The unicast and multicast switching method for session management according to claim 2, wherein after the switching process is completed, when a new user equipment requests a content, the unicast session management and the multicast session management determine whether a multicast session with the same content exists, and if so, the multicast session management adds the multicast session to a multicast session group; if not, the unicast session management establishes the unicast session for the unicast session management.
9. A unicast-multicast switching system for session management, comprising:
module M1: presetting a trigger threshold value x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold value y for switching multicast to unicast;
module M2: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
module M3: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset triggering threshold, judging whether a triggering condition is met, and determining whether to trigger switching according to the actual load condition of the network;
module M4: and executing the unicast and multicast switching flow to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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