CN114363392A - Unicast multicast switching method, system and medium for session management - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于会话管理的单播多播切换方法、系统及介质,包括:步骤S10:预先设置单播切换到多播的触发阈值x和多播切换到单播的触发阈值y;步骤S11:统计请求相同内容的用户设备数量;步骤S12:比较统计的用户设备数量与预先设置的触发阈值,并判断是否满足触发条件,并根据网络实际负载情况决定是否触发切换;步骤S13:执行单播多播切换流程,完成单播与多播之间的切换。本发明采用一种阈值设置的方法确保单播多播切换的稳定性,同时会话管理功能触发单播多播切换的方法能够确保5G系统中单播多播切换的可靠性,同时在单播与多播切换期间保证了业务的连续性。
The present invention provides a unicast-multicast switching method, system and medium for session management. Step S11: Count the number of user equipments requesting the same content; Step S12: Compare the counted number of user equipments with the preset trigger threshold, and judge whether the trigger condition is met, and decide whether to trigger the handover according to the actual load situation of the network; Step S13: Execute the unicast-multicast switching process to complete the switching between unicast and multicast. The invention adopts a threshold setting method to ensure the stability of unicast-multicast switching, and the method of triggering unicast-multicast switching by the session management function can ensure the reliability of unicast-multicast switching in the 5G system. Service continuity is guaranteed during multicast handover.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信技术领域,具体地,涉及一种用于会话管理的单播多播切换方法、系统及介质。尤其地,涉及一种用于5G系统中会话管理功能触发单播多播切换的方法。The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a unicast-multicast switching method, system and medium for session management. In particular, it relates to a method for triggering a unicast-multicast handover by a session management function in a 5G system.
背景技术Background technique
随着Internet的迅猛发展,大量多媒体业务涌现,其中一些应用业务,多个用户能同时接收相同数据,如视频点播、电视广播、视频会议、网上教育、互动游戏等等不一而足。对于移动网络而言,如果大量使用同一业务的用户在同一小区,无线接入网,尤其是无线链路,很容易成为瓶颈。例如,大型体育赛事直播时,许多球迷都会在同一时间用手机或者其他移动设备观看比赛。这种情况下,使用点对点的无线电承载效率非常低。因此,非常需要广播多播业务。With the rapid development of the Internet, a large number of multimedia services have emerged. Some of these applications allow multiple users to receive the same data at the same time, such as video-on-demand, TV broadcasting, video conferencing, online education, and interactive games. For a mobile network, if a large number of users using the same service are in the same cell, the wireless access network, especially the wireless link, can easily become a bottleneck. For example, when a major sporting event is broadcast, many fans will be watching the game on their cell phones or other mobile devices at the same time. In this case, the use of point-to-point radio bearers is very inefficient. Therefore, there is a great need for broadcast multicast services.
多播广播分发同质内容能显著提升空口频率资源的利用效率。从3G开始,移动通信网络就提供了多播广播能力,3GPP为3G网络定义了MBMS,之后又为4G网络定义了eMBMS,但由于这些专用广播系统对时频资源独占性高、与单播系统相互独立、技术方案复杂、需求不强烈、应用场景不明晰等因素导致多播广播在3G、4G时代都未能取得大规模的商用。Multicast broadcast distribution of homogeneous content can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of air interface frequency resources. Since 3G, mobile communication networks have provided multicast broadcasting capabilities. 3GPP defined MBMS for 3G networks, and then eMBMS for 4G networks. However, these dedicated broadcasting systems have high exclusiveness to time-frequency resources and are not compatible with unicast systems. Due to factors such as mutual independence, complex technical solutions, weak demand, and unclear application scenarios, multicast broadcasting failed to achieve large-scale commercial use in the 3G and 4G eras.
这一情况在5G网络中发生了很大的变化。如视频直播业务已经成为当前移动互联网的主流应用,流量占比非常大,在同一时间段内一定区域中多个用户请求相同内容的情况时常发生,因此,5G Rel-17中提到的单小区多播服务成为了一个重要的课题。该系统中,单播多播同时存在,且不会为多播分配独占的时频资源,网络会动态切换单播多播模式,以便更好地利用网络资源。考虑到业务的连续性,5G核心网需要一种可靠的切换方式,并考虑到最大限度提升用户体验,因此发明人提出一种5G网络中单播多播可靠切换的方法。This situation has changed a lot in 5G networks. For example, the live video service has become the mainstream application of the current mobile Internet, and the traffic accounts for a very large proportion. It often happens that multiple users in a certain area request the same content in the same time period. Therefore, the single cell mentioned in 5G Rel-17 Multicast services have become an important topic. In this system, unicast and multicast exist at the same time, and exclusive time-frequency resources will not be allocated for multicast, and the network will dynamically switch the unicast-multicast mode to make better use of network resources. Considering the continuity of the service, the 5G core network needs a reliable handover method, and considering the maximized user experience, the inventor proposes a method for unicast-multicast reliable handover in the 5G network.
专利文献CN107995603A(申请号:201610958518.5)公开了一种能力开放实现方法及装置,网络侧通过获取第三方服务通过能力开放平台传递的业务群组信息,网络侧实现了按照业务群组对应的群组网络策略对组内终端进行管理,从而实现了基于组管理的能力开放,满足了第三方服务基于群组业务的差异化业务实现。Patent document CN107995603A (application number: 201610958518.5) discloses a capability openness implementation method and device. The network side obtains service group information transmitted by third-party services through the capability openness platform, and the network side implements groups corresponding to service groups. The network policy manages the terminals in the group, thus realizing the capability opening based on group management and satisfying the realization of differentiated services based on group services for third-party services.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有技术中的缺陷,本发明的目的是提供一种用于会话管理的单播多播切换方法、系统及介质。In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a unicast-multicast switching method, system and medium for session management.
根据本发明提供的用于会话管理的单播多播切换方法,包括:The unicast-multicast switching method for session management provided according to the present invention includes:
步骤S10:预先设置单播切换到多播的触发阈值x和多播切换到单播的触发阈值y;Step S10: preset a trigger threshold x for switching from unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold y for switching from multicast to unicast;
步骤S11:统计请求相同内容的用户设备数量;Step S11: Count the number of user equipments requesting the same content;
步骤S12:比较统计的用户设备数量与预先设置的触发阈值,并判断是否满足触发条件,并根据网络实际负载情况决定是否触发切换;Step S12: Compare the counted number of user equipments with a preset trigger threshold, and judge whether the trigger condition is met, and decide whether to trigger the handover according to the actual load of the network;
步骤S13:执行单播多播切换流程,完成单播与多播之间的切换。Step S13: Execute the unicast-multicast switching process to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
优选的,根据会话管理的类型,分为单播会话管理和多播会话管理,分别统计单播会话管理和多播会话管理的用户设备数量。Preferably, according to the type of session management, it is divided into unicast session management and multicast session management, and the number of user equipments managed by unicast session and multicast session is counted respectively.
优选的,单播切换到多播流程包括如下步骤:Preferably, the process of switching from unicast to multicast includes the following steps:
步骤S21:通过接入与移动性管理功能将用户设备和下一代无线接入网的信息提供给单播会话管理;Step S21: providing the information of the user equipment and the next generation wireless access network to the unicast session management through the access and mobility management function;
步骤S22:通过单播会话管理判断是否满足触发条件,若满足,则触发单播到多播的切换;Step S22: judging whether the triggering condition is met through unicast session management, and if so, triggering the switch from unicast to multicast;
步骤S23:进行单播会话管理和多播会话管理交互,修改单播会话管理和多播会话管理的用户面功能配置;Step S23: performing interaction between unicast session management and multicast session management, and modifying the user plane function configuration of unicast session management and multicast session management;
步骤S24:多播会话管理通知策略控制功能更新策略,将修改信息发送给接入与移动性管理功能;Step S24: the multicast session management notifies the policy control function to update the policy, and sends the modification information to the access and mobility management function;
步骤S25:接入与移动性管理功能通知无线接入网切换点对点/点对多点模式,完成单播到多播的切换。Step S25: The access and mobility management function notifies the wireless access network to switch the point-to-point/point-to-multipoint mode to complete the switch from unicast to multicast.
优选的,多播切换到单播流程包括如下步骤:Preferably, the process of switching from multicast to unicast includes the following steps:
步骤S31:通过接入与移动性管理功能将用户设备和下一代无线接入网的信息提供给多播会话管理;Step S31: Provide the information of the user equipment and the next generation wireless access network to the multicast session management through the access and mobility management function;
步骤S32:通过多播会话管理判断是否满足触发条件,若满足,则触发多播到单播的切换;Step S32: Judging whether the triggering condition is met through multicast session management, and if so, triggering the switch from multicast to unicast;
步骤S33:进行单播会话管理和多播会话管理交互,修改单播会话管理和多播会话管理的用户面功能配置;Step S33: performing interaction between unicast session management and multicast session management, and modifying the user plane function configuration of unicast session management and multicast session management;
步骤S34:单播会话管理通知策略控制功能更新策略,将修改信息发送给接入与移动性管理功能;Step S34: the unicast session management notifies the policy control function to update the policy, and sends the modification information to the access and mobility management function;
步骤S35:接入与移动性管理功能通知无线接入网切换点对点/点对多点模式,完成多播到单播的切换。Step S35: The access and mobility management function notifies the wireless access network to switch the point-to-point/point-to-multipoint mode to complete the switch from multicast to unicast.
优选的,所述单播会话管理和多播会话管理之间通过N16接口进行交互。Preferably, the interaction between the unicast session management and the multicast session management is performed through an N16 interface.
优选的,所述触发阈值x和触发阈值y均为正整数,且x大于y;Preferably, the trigger threshold x and the trigger threshold y are both positive integers, and x is greater than y;
触发阈值x和触发阈值y均与无线接入网实际负载能力成正比。Both the trigger threshold x and the trigger threshold y are proportional to the actual load capacity of the radio access network.
优选的,对不同用户设备数量的请求内容进行比对,若用户设备数量大于等于触发阈值x,则触发单播到多播的切换;若小于触发阈值x,则不触发单播到多播的切换;Preferably, the request contents of different numbers of user equipments are compared, and if the number of user equipments is greater than or equal to the triggering threshold x, the unicast-to-multicast switching is triggered; if it is less than the triggering threshold x, the unicast-to-multicast switching is not triggered. switch;
若用户设备数量小于触发阈值y,则结束多播会话;若大于等于触发阈值y,则维持多播会话。If the number of user equipments is less than the trigger threshold y, the multicast session is ended; if it is greater than or equal to the trigger threshold y, the multicast session is maintained.
优选的,在切换流程完成后,新的用户设备在请求内容时,单播会话管理和多播会话管理判断是否存在相同内容的多播会话,若存在,则多播会话管理将其加入多播会话组;若不存在,则单播会话管理为其建立单播会话。Preferably, after the switching process is completed, when the new user equipment requests content, the unicast session management and the multicast session management determine whether there is a multicast session with the same content, and if so, the multicast session management adds it to the multicast Session group; if it does not exist, unicast session management establishes a unicast session for it.
根据本发明提供的用于会话管理的单播多播切换系统,包括:The unicast-multicast switching system for session management provided according to the present invention includes:
模块M1:预先设置单播切换到多播的触发阈值x和多播切换到单播的触发阈值y;Module M1: preset a trigger threshold x for switching from unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold y for switching from multicast to unicast;
模块M2:统计请求相同内容的用户设备数量;Module M2: Count the number of user equipments requesting the same content;
模块M3:比较统计的用户设备数量与预先设置的触发阈值,并判断是否满足触发条件,并根据网络实际负载情况决定是否触发切换;Module M3: compares the counted number of user equipments with a preset trigger threshold, determines whether the trigger condition is met, and decides whether to trigger the handover according to the actual load of the network;
模块M4:执行单播多播切换流程,完成单播与多播之间的切换。Module M4: Execute the unicast-multicast switching process to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
根据本发明提供的一种存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述的方法的步骤。According to the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program is provided, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method are implemented.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明提供的一种用于5G系统中会话管理功能触发单播多播切换的方法能够确保5G系统中单播多播切换的可靠性,同时在单播与多播切换期间保证了业务的连续性;1. A method for triggering unicast-multicast switching by a session management function in a 5G system provided by the present invention can ensure the reliability of unicast-multicast switching in the 5G system, and at the same time ensure the service during unicast and multicast switching. continuity;
2、本发明在阈值设置方面,根据NG-RAN实际负载能力进行设置,且单播切换到多播的触发阈值x大于多播切换到单播的触发阈值y,降低了单播多播切换的频发性,更有利于网络状况的稳定。2. In the aspect of threshold setting of the present invention, the setting is performed according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, and the triggering threshold x of switching from unicast to multicast is greater than the triggering threshold y of switching from multicast to unicast, which reduces the cost of switching from unicast to multicast. Frequent occurrence is more conducive to the stability of network conditions.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
图1是本发明一种用于5G系统中会话管理功能触发单播多播切换的方法的具体实施方式的流程示意图;1 is a schematic flowchart of a specific embodiment of a method for triggering a unicast-multicast handover by a session management function in a 5G system according to the present invention;
图2为本发明的单播切换到多播的流程示意图;2 is a schematic flowchart of switching from unicast to multicast according to the present invention;
图3为本发明的多播切换到单播的流程示意图;3 is a schematic flowchart of switching from multicast to unicast according to the present invention;
图4为本发明的单播切换到多播的具体实施方式的流程示意图;4 is a schematic flowchart of a specific implementation manner of switching from unicast to multicast according to the present invention;
图5为本发明的各功能连接示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of each functional connection of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1:Example 1:
本发明能够进一步提升5G系统中单播多播切换的可靠性的方法,同时确保切换过程中业务的连续性以及网络整体的稳定性。The present invention can further improve the reliability of unicast-multicast handover in the 5G system, and at the same time ensures the continuity of the service in the handover process and the stability of the network as a whole.
根据本发明提供了一种用于5G系统中会话管理功能触发单播多播切换的方法,SMF和(MB-)SMF根据NG-RAN的实际负载能力设置单播切换到多播的触发阈值和多播切换到单播的触发阈值,并通过所述的触发流程完成可靠的单播与多播的切换。According to the present invention, a method for triggering a unicast-multicast switch by a session management function in a 5G system is provided. The SMF and the (MB-)SMF set the trigger threshold and the (MB-)SMF according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN. The trigger threshold for switching from multicast to unicast, and through the triggering process, reliable switching between unicast and multicast is completed.
本实施例提供了一种用于5G系统中会话管理功能触发单播多播切换的方法,能够进一步提升5G系统中单播多播切换的可靠性的方法,同时确保切换过程中业务的连续性以及网络整体的稳定性。This embodiment provides a method for triggering a unicast-multicast handover by a session management function in a 5G system, which can further improve the reliability of unicast-multicast handover in a 5G system, while ensuring the continuity of services during the handover process. and the overall stability of the network.
本实例的具体技术方案为:The specific technical solution of this example is:
5G架构中,控制面由AMF、SMF和PCF组成,UE通过空口与NG-RAN相连,NG-RAN通过N2接口与AMF相连,该接口用于传输N2 Message信令,该信令用于NG-RAN和AMF之间的交互;In the 5G architecture, the control plane consists of AMF, SMF and PCF. The UE is connected to the NG-RAN through the air interface, and the NG-RAN is connected to the AMF through the N2 interface. This interface is used to transmit N2 Message signaling, which is used for NG-RAN. Interaction between RAN and AMF;
UE也可以通过N1接口与AMF相连,该接口用于传输N1 Message信令,该信令用于UE和AMF之间的交互;The UE can also be connected to the AMF through the N1 interface, which is used to transmit N1 Message signaling, which is used for the interaction between the UE and the AMF;
AMF通过N11接口与SMF相连,该接口用于传输Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer信令,AMF通过该信令向SMF汇报UE和NG-RAN的信息;The AMF is connected to the SMF through the N11 interface, which is used to transmit the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer signaling, and the AMF reports the UE and NG-RAN information to the SMF through this signaling;
SMF通过N7接口与PCF相连,该接口用于传输Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Update信令,该信令用于更新PCF传输策略;The SMF is connected to the PCF through the N7 interface, which is used to transmit the Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Update signaling, which is used to update the PCF transmission policy;
SMF与SMF之间通过N16接口相连,该接口用于传输N16 Message信令,该信令用于SMF之间的交互。The SMF and the SMF are connected through the N16 interface, which is used to transmit the N16 Message signaling, which is used for the interaction between the SMFs.
5G架构中,用户面由UPF和AF组成,UE通过空口与NG-RAN相连,NG-RAN通过N3接口与UPF相连,该接口用于传输用户数据;In the 5G architecture, the user plane consists of UPF and AF, the UE is connected to the NG-RAN through the air interface, and the NG-RAN is connected to the UPF through the N3 interface, which is used to transmit user data;
UPF通过N6接口与AF相连,AF通过该接口下发数据;UPF通过N4接口与SMF相连,该接口用于传输N4 Session Modification信令,SMF通过该信令修改UPF配置。The UPF is connected to the AF through the N6 interface, and the AF sends data through this interface; the UPF is connected to the SMF through the N4 interface, which is used to transmit the N4 Session Modification signaling, and the SMF modifies the UPF configuration through this signaling.
如图1所示,本发明的一种用于5G系统中会话管理功能触发单播多播切换的方法的具体实施方式的流程包括如下步骤:As shown in FIG. 1 , a specific implementation process of a method for triggering a unicast-multicast handover by a session management function in a 5G system of the present invention includes the following steps:
步骤S10,SMF预先设置单播切换到多播的触发阈值和多播切换到单播的触发阈值;Step S10, the SMF presets a trigger threshold for switching from unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold for switching from multicast to unicast;
步骤S11,SMF统计通过单播/多播请求相同内容的UE数量;Step S11, the SMF counts the number of UEs requesting the same content through unicast/multicast;
步骤S12,SMF判断是否满足触发条件,并根据网络实际负载情况决定是否触发切换。Step S12, the SMF judges whether the trigger condition is satisfied, and decides whether to trigger the handover according to the actual load of the network.
步骤S13,系统执行单播多播切换流程,完成单播与多播之间的切换。Step S13, the system executes the unicast-multicast switching process to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
具体地,如图4所示,本发明的单播切换到多播的具体实施方法如下:Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 , the specific implementation method of switching from unicast to multicast of the present invention is as follows:
0.最初,UE与AF进行通信,并通过单播模式接收服务数据。0. Initially, UE communicates with AF and receives service data through unicast mode.
1.SMF根据NG-RAN实际负载能力设置单播切换到多播触发阈值,若阈值已存在,则进行下一步骤。1. The SMF sets a trigger threshold for switching from unicast to multicast according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN. If the threshold already exists, proceed to the next step.
2.(MB-)SMF根据NG-RAN实际负载能力设置多播切换到单播触发阈值,若阈值已存在,则进行下一步骤。2. The (MB-)SMF sets a trigger threshold for switching from multicast to unicast according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN. If the threshold already exists, proceed to the next step.
3.AMF可以获得UE在RAN节点中的位置等N1消息;获取N2消息,例如RAN的拥塞状态;通过调用Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext将信息发送到SMF。信息包括但不限于单播会话ID、SUPI、UE与RAN节点的映射关系、RAN的通信能力、无线资源的可用性。3. The AMF can obtain N1 messages such as the location of the UE in the RAN node; obtain N2 messages, such as the congestion status of the RAN; and send the information to the SMF by calling Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext. The information includes but is not limited to unicast session ID, SUPI, the mapping relationship between UE and RAN node, the communication capability of RAN, and the availability of radio resources.
4.SMF能够收集和预测每个内容的需求。根据AMF发送的信息,如果携带相同内容的单播会话的数量超过了NG-RAN的负载能力或SMF的预测范围,则SMF将触发单播发送模式向多播发送模式的切换。4.SMF is able to collect and forecast the needs of each content. According to the information sent by the AMF, if the number of unicast sessions carrying the same content exceeds the load capacity of the NG-RAN or the prediction range of the SMF, the SMF will trigger the switch from the unicast sending mode to the multicast sending mode.
5.SMF向(MB-)SMF提供与单播会话相关的信息。5. The SMF provides the (MB-)SMF with information related to the unicast session.
6.SMF配置UPF,因为单播会话即将结束。6. The SMF configures the UPF because the unicast session is about to end.
7.SMF配置(MB-)UPF。7. SMF configuration (MB-)UPF.
8a-9a.(MB-)SMF将单播会话ID、SUPI和关于多播的信息/指示(如TMGI、(MB-)UPF)等通过Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer发送给AMF,AMF通过N2Message发送给NG-RAN。8a-9a. (MB-)SMF sends unicast session ID, SUPI and information/indication about multicast (eg TMGI, (MB-)UPF) etc. to AMF through Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer, AMF sends to NG-RAN through N2Message.
10.根据N2 Message,NG-RAN为多播会话建立或修改AN资源。10. According to the N2 Message, the NG-RAN establishes or modifies AN resources for the multicast session.
9b-8b.NG-RAN向AMF确认切换可以实现,AMF向(MB-)SMF确认切换可以实现。9b-8b. The NG-RAN confirms to the AMF that the handover can be achieved, and the AMF confirms to the (MB-)SMF that the handover can be achieved.
由于传送模式的切换由SMF触发,因此需要确认UE的意愿并统计各自的数量。如果有新的UE正在请求相同的内容,他们可以直接加入多播会话,多播的人数会增加。Since the switching of the transmission mode is triggered by the SMF, it is necessary to confirm the intention of the UE and count the respective numbers. If new UEs are requesting the same content, they can join the multicast session directly and the number of multicast will increase.
11a-12a.(MB-)SMF将多播的信息/指示(如TMGI、(MB-)UPF)等通过Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer发送给AMF,AMF通过N1 Message发送给UE。11a-12a. (MB-)SMF sends multicast information/indication (eg TMGI, (MB-)UPF) to AMF through Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer, and AMF sends it to UE through N1 Message.
12b-11b.一些UE希望切换传送模式而另一些不同意,UE将意向回复(MB-)SMF。12b-11b. Some UEs wish to switch the transmission mode and others do not agree, the UEs will intend to reply to (MB-)SMF.
13a.统计好各自的UE数量后,(MB-)SMF通过Npcf_SMPolicyControl_UpdateRequest通知PCF相应的UE的传送模式将要改变(包括SM Policy Association ID),以便PCF进行策略更新。13a. After counting the number of respective UEs, the (MB-)SMF informs the PCF that the transmission mode of the corresponding UE will be changed (including the SM Policy Association ID) through Npcf_SMPolicyControl_UpdateRequest, so that the PCF can update the policy.
13b.PCF回复(MB-)SMF策略更新。13b. PCF replies to (MB-)SMF policy update.
14-15.UE在应用层向AF请求多播模式的数据。AF对业务进行更新并将数据发送给(MB-)SMF。(MB-)SMF将数据发送给NG-RAN。NG-RAN用多播将数据发送给UE。14-15. The UE requests the AF for multicast mode data at the application layer. The AF updates the service and sends the data to the (MB-)SMF. (MB-)SMF sends data to NG-RAN. The NG-RAN sends data to the UE using multicast.
16.UE请求UPF停止原有的单播会话。16. The UE requests the UPF to stop the original unicast session.
当越来越多的UE退出多播会话,(MB-)SMF将决定对剩余的UE用单播会话发送数据。从多播切换为单播比从单播切换为多播更容易保证业务的连续性。As more and more UEs drop out of the multicast session, the (MB-)SMF will decide to send data in a unicast session to the remaining UEs. Switching from multicast to unicast is easier to ensure service continuity than switching from unicast to multicast.
如图5,为本发明的各功能连接示意图:Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of each functional connection of the present invention:
接入与移动性管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function,AMF):负责用户的接入和移动性管理。Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF): Responsible for user access and mobility management.
会话管理功能(Session Management Function,SMF):提供对UE会话的会话管理,IP地址分配和管理,UPF的选择和控制。(MB-)表示该SMF用于管理多播广播(MulticastBroadcast)会话。Session Management Function (SMF): Provides session management for UE sessions, IP address allocation and management, and UPF selection and control. (MB-) indicates that the SMF is used to manage a Multicast Broadcast (MulticastBroadcast) session.
策略控制功能(Policy Control Function,PCF):负责UE接入策略和服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS):负责UE接入策略和QoS流控制策略的生成。Policy Control Function (PCF): responsible for UE access policy and quality of service (Quality of Service, QoS): responsible for generation of UE access policy and QoS flow control policy.
用户面功能(User Plane Function,UPF):提供用户报文的转发、处理、与AF的连接、会话锚点、QoS策略执行等用户面功能。(MB-)表示该UPF用于管理多播广播(MulticastBroadcast)会话。User Plane Function (UPF): Provides user plane functions such as forwarding, processing, connection with AF, session anchor, and QoS policy enforcement of user packets. (MB-) indicates that the UPF is used to manage a Multicast Broadcast (MulticastBroadcast) session.
无线接入网(Radio Access Network,RAN):5G接入网络包括下一代无线接入网(Next Generation Radio Access Network,NG-RAN)或连接5G核心网的非3GPP接入。Radio Access Network (RAN): The 5G access network includes the Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) or non-3GPP access connected to the 5G core network.
应用功能(Application Function,AF):代表应用5G网络其他控制网元进行交互,包括提供业务QoS策略需求、路由策略需求等。Application Function (AF): Interact on behalf of other control network elements of the 5G network, including providing service QoS policy requirements, routing policy requirements, etc.
用户设备(User Equipment,UE):用户所使用的终端设备。User Equipment (User Equipment, UE): terminal equipment used by a user.
5G网络架构是按照控制转发分离的基本原则设计的,按照网元的基础功能可以分为控制面和用户面(或数据面)两个部分。其中,用户面负责对用户报文进行转发和处理,主要包含基站的转发功能和一个或多个用户功能。控制面网元则负责对UE执行接入鉴权、移动性管理、会话管理、策略控制等各类控制。The 5G network architecture is designed according to the basic principle of separation of control and forwarding. According to the basic functions of network elements, it can be divided into two parts: control plane and user plane (or data plane). The user plane is responsible for forwarding and processing user packets, and mainly includes the forwarding function of the base station and one or more user functions. The control plane network element is responsible for performing various controls such as access authentication, mobility management, session management, and policy control for the UE.
实施例2:Example 2:
根据本发明提供的用于5G系统中会话管理功能触发单播多播切换的方法,包括以下步骤:According to the method for triggering unicast-multicast handover provided by the session management function in the 5G system, the method includes the following steps:
如图2,SMF触发单播切换到多播的流程,具体如下:As shown in Figure 2, SMF triggers the process of switching from unicast to multicast, as follows:
(1)SMF为单播切换到多播流程设置触发阈值x,阈值x根据NG-RAN实际负载能力决定,若当前已存在阈值x,则直接执行下一步骤;(1) SMF sets a trigger threshold x for the unicast-to-multicast process. The threshold x is determined according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN. If the threshold x already exists, the next step is directly executed;
(2)AMF将UE和NG-RAN的信息提供给SMF,这些信息包含NG-RAN中连接UE的数量,以及UE请求的数据内容;(2) The AMF provides the information of the UE and the NG-RAN to the SMF, which includes the number of connected UEs in the NG-RAN and the data content requested by the UE;
(3)SMF对不同UE请求的内容进行比对,并判断请求相同内容的UE数量是否大于等于阈值x,若大于等于触发阈值x则触发单播到多播的切换,若小于触发阈值x则不触发单播到多播的切换;(3) SMF compares the content requested by different UEs, and judges whether the number of UEs requesting the same content is greater than or equal to the threshold x, if it is greater than or equal to the triggering threshold x, trigger the unicast-to-multicast switching, if it is less than the triggering threshold x, then Does not trigger unicast-to-multicast switching;
(4)SMF与(MB-)SMF交互,SMF修改UPF配置,(MB-)SMF修改(MB-)UPF配置;(4) SMF interacts with (MB-)SMF, SMF modifies UPF configuration, (MB-)SMF modifies (MB-)UPF configuration;
(5)(MB-)SMF通知PCF更新策略,并将修改信息发送给AMF;(5) The (MB-)SMF informs the PCF to update the policy and sends the modification information to the AMF;
(6)AMF根据收到的信息,通知RAN为多播会话分配相关资源、切换PTP/PTM模式,完成单播到多播的切换。(6) According to the received information, the AMF notifies the RAN to allocate relevant resources for the multicast session, switch the PTP/PTM mode, and complete the switch from unicast to multicast.
如图3,SMF触发多播切换到单播的流程,具体如下:As shown in Figure 3, SMF triggers the process of switching from multicast to unicast, as follows:
(1)(MB-)SMF为单播切换到多播流程设置触发阈值y,阈值y根据NG-RAN实际负载能力决定,若当前已存在阈值y,则直接执行下一步骤;(1) (MB-)SMF sets a trigger threshold y for the unicast-to-multicast process. The threshold y is determined according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN. If the threshold y currently exists, the next step is directly executed;
(2)AMF将UE和NG-RAN的信息提供给SMF,这些信息包含NG-RAN中连接UE的数量,以及UE请求的数据内容;(2) The AMF provides the information of the UE and the NG-RAN to the SMF, which includes the number of connected UEs in the NG-RAN and the data content requested by the UE;
(3)(MB-)SMF判断当前多播会话中UE数量是否小于阈值y,若小于触发阈值y,则SMF决定结束多播会话,若大于等于触发阈值y,则维持多播会话;(3) (MB-)SMF judges whether the number of UEs in the current multicast session is less than the threshold y, if it is less than the trigger threshold y, the SMF decides to end the multicast session, and if it is greater than or equal to the trigger threshold y, maintain the multicast session;
(4)SMF与(MB-)SMF交互,SMF修改UPF配置,(MB-)SMF修改(MB-)UPF配置;(4) SMF interacts with (MB-)SMF, SMF modifies UPF configuration, (MB-)SMF modifies (MB-)UPF configuration;
(5)SMF通知PCF更新策略,并将修改信息发送给AMF;(5) SMF notifies PCF to update the policy, and sends the modification information to AMF;
(6)AMF根据收到的信息,通知RAN修改会话的相关资源、切换PTM/PTP模式,完成多播到单播的切换。(6) According to the received information, the AMF notifies the RAN to modify the relevant resources of the session, switch the PTM/PTP mode, and complete the switch from multicast to unicast.
根据本发明提供的用于会话管理的单播多播切换系统,包括:The unicast-multicast switching system for session management provided according to the present invention includes:
模块M1:预先设置单播切换到多播的触发阈值x和多播切换到单播的触发阈值y;Module M1: preset a trigger threshold x for switching from unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold y for switching from multicast to unicast;
模块M2:统计请求相同内容的用户设备数量;Module M2: Count the number of user equipments requesting the same content;
模块M3:比较统计的用户设备数量与预先设置的触发阈值,并判断是否满足触发条件,并根据网络实际负载情况决定是否触发切换;Module M3: compares the counted number of user equipments with a preset trigger threshold, determines whether the trigger condition is met, and decides whether to trigger the handover according to the actual load of the network;
模块M4:执行单播多播切换流程,完成单播与多播之间的切换。Module M4: Execute the unicast-multicast switching process to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
根据本发明提供的一种存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述的方法的步骤。According to the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program is provided, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method are implemented.
本发明目所述的一种用于5G系统中会话管理功能触发单播多播切换的方法中,SMF根据NG-RAN的实际负载能力设置触发阈值,不同的NG-RAN的触发阈值可能不同,同时并不意味着每次触发切换都需要设置阈值,针对于固定的NG-RAN其触发阈值可能为预先设置完成的一个固定值。In a method for triggering a unicast-multicast handover by a session management function in a 5G system, the SMF sets a triggering threshold according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, and different NG-RANs may have different triggering thresholds. At the same time, it does not mean that a threshold needs to be set every time a handover is triggered. For a fixed NG-RAN, the trigger threshold may be a fixed value that has been preset.
本领域技术人员知道,除了以纯计算机可读程序代码方式实现本发明提供的系统、装置及其各个模块以外,完全可以通过将方法步骤进行逻辑编程来使得本发明提供的系统、装置及其各个模块以逻辑门、开关、专用集成电路、可编程逻辑控制器以及嵌入式微控制器等的形式来实现相同程序。所以,本发明提供的系统、装置及其各个模块可以被认为是一种硬件部件,而对其内包括的用于实现各种程序的模块也可以视为硬件部件内的结构;也可以将用于实现各种功能的模块视为既可以是实现方法的软件程序又可以是硬件部件内的结构。Those skilled in the art know that, in addition to implementing the system, device and each module provided by the present invention in the form of pure computer readable program code, the system, device and each module provided by the present invention can be completely implemented by logically programming method steps. The same program is implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, among others. Therefore, the system, device and each module provided by the present invention can be regarded as a kind of hardware component, and the modules included in it for realizing various programs can also be regarded as the structure in the hardware component; A module for realizing various functions can be regarded as either a software program for realizing a method or a structure within a hardware component.
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essential content of the present invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily, provided that there is no conflict.
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