CN114361786A - Low-profile ultra-wideband antenna - Google Patents
Low-profile ultra-wideband antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114361786A CN114361786A CN202111586796.XA CN202111586796A CN114361786A CN 114361786 A CN114361786 A CN 114361786A CN 202111586796 A CN202111586796 A CN 202111586796A CN 114361786 A CN114361786 A CN 114361786A
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Abstract
The ultra-wideband antenna disclosed by the invention realizes the widening of the antenna coverage broadband by utilizing the feed copper column with the gradual change structure and the metallized through hole, and solves the problem of narrow relative bandwidth of the microstrip antenna. The ultra-wideband antenna disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the square floor is used for replacing a round floor, the overall size of the structure is reduced, the problem that the diameter of the floor is more than one wavelength in most microstrip antenna schemes is solved, the section structure is low, and the ultra-wideband antenna can be better packaged in a portable terminal. In addition, the ultra-wideband antenna has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing and lower cost, and is suitable for mass production and application.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more particularly, to a low profile ultra-wideband antenna.
Background
With the rapid increase of data services and multimedia services, the demand for sensing position information is increasing on the basis of short-distance high-speed wireless communication. The system is beneficial to realizing safety monitoring and emergency rescue of personnel, transportation management and distribution scheduling of materials, prevention and monitoring of natural disasters and the like for positioning and monitoring of the interior of large buildings, urban dense areas, bridges, dams, mountains, foundation pits and other areas. Due to the fact that building groups are dense and sheltered, the environment is complex, the monitoring space is narrow, GPS and Beidou signals cannot be deeply covered, and space positioning is difficult.
In the prior art, a self-built positioning system is used for positioning a specified target in a specific area. Uwb (ultra wideband) is a carrier-free communication technology that uses non-sinusoidal narrow pulses on the nanosecond to picosecond scale to transmit data. UWB has many advantages such as narrow pulse width, strong anti-interference performance, high transmission rate, extremely wide bandwidth, small power consumption, and small transmission power, and is widely used in the fields of indoor communication, high-speed wireless LAN, home network, cordless telephone, security detection, position measurement, and radar. A positioning system using UWB signals as positioning signals can make up the area which cannot be covered by sky satellites, is convenient to arrange, and realizes displacement monitoring in narrow space. And UWB antennas used to transmit and receive UWB positioning signals are critical factors affecting positioning performance.
The antenna as a terminal of the UWB positioning system needs to satisfy the following requirements: 1. the working frequency band covers 6-9GHz of the UWB standard; 2. the directional pattern is omnidirectional to cover a sufficiently large airspace; 3. the physical size is small, and the section is low; 4. easy integration and simple processing. The mainstream solution of the existing UWB antenna is to adopt a printed monopole antenna, which can partially meet the performance requirements of bandwidth and a directional diagram, but has a high profile, a limited installation position and an unattractive appearance.
Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of the present researchers to develop an antenna that has a simple structure, is easy to process, has a small physical size, has a low profile, and conforms to the operating characteristics of UWB.
Disclosure of Invention
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a low profile ultra-wideband antenna is disclosed, comprising: a dielectric substrate (1) having an upper surface and a lower surface; the main radiation unit (3) is electroplated on the upper surface of the medium substrate (1); the antenna floor (4) is electroplated on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (1); the antenna comprises a main radiating unit (3), an antenna floor (4) and a radiating unit, wherein the main radiating unit (3) is a circular copper foil patch, and the antenna floor (4) is a square copper foil floor; the circumference of the main radiation unit (3) is concentrically and uniformly provided with 8 metalized through holes (2) at equal angles of 45 degrees, and the metalized through holes (2) penetrate through the dielectric substrate (1) and are communicated to the antenna floor (4) so as to realize the electrical connection between the main radiation unit (3) and the antenna floor (4); the ultra-wideband antenna further comprises a feed copper column (6), the feed copper column (6) is provided with an upper top surface and a lower bottom surface, the diameter of the upper top surface is larger than that of the lower bottom surface, the upper top surface is coupled to the circle center of the main radiation unit (3), a circular through hole (5) with a diameter in a certain proportional relation with the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the feed copper column (6) is formed in the center of the antenna floor (4), and the lower bottom surface of the feed copper column (6) realizes feed through the circular through hole (5) of the antenna floor (4) and a feed interface.
The ultra-wideband antenna disclosed by the invention realizes the widening of the antenna coverage broadband by utilizing the feed copper column with the gradual change structure and the metallized through hole, and solves the problem of narrow relative bandwidth of the microstrip antenna. The ultra-wideband antenna disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the square floor is used for replacing a round floor, the overall size of the structure is reduced, the problem that the diameter of the floor is more than one wavelength in most microstrip antenna schemes is solved, the section structure is low, and the ultra-wideband antenna can be better packaged in a portable terminal. In addition, the ultra-wideband antenna has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing and lower cost, and is suitable for mass production and application.
Drawings
Figure 1 provides a top view of a low profile ultra-wideband antenna structure in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 2 illustrates a bottom view of a low-profile ultra-wideband antenna structure in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 3 provides a cross-sectional schematic view of a low-profile ultra-wideband antenna structure in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a graph of return loss characteristics of a simulation and a test of the ultra-wideband antenna structure of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3.
The specific meanings of the symbols in the drawings correspond to the following:
1-a dielectric substrate;
2-metallized via holes;
3-main radiating element;
4-antenna floor;
5-circular through hole;
6-feeding copper column.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and it should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Like reference numerals refer to like elements. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In order to make the design principle and technical features of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1, 2 and 3 show a top view, a bottom view and a cross-sectional schematic view, respectively, of a low-profile ultra-wideband antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The ultra-wideband antenna structure of the present invention will now be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
The ultra-wideband antenna of the invention comprises a dielectric substrate (1) having an upper surface and a lower surface; the main radiation unit (3) is electroplated on the upper surface of the medium substrate (1); the antenna floor (4) is electroplated on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (1). The main radiation unit (3) is a circular copper foil patch with the radius rp, and the antenna floor (4) is a square copper foil floor with the side length ws. The antenna is characterized in that 8 metalized through holes (2) are uniformly formed in the circumference of the main radiation unit (3) concentrically at the same angle of 45 degrees, and the metalized through holes (2) penetrate through the dielectric substrate (1) and are communicated to the antenna floor (4) so as to realize the electrical connection between the main radiation unit (3) and the antenna floor (4).
In one embodiment, the metalized via (2) may be replaced by a metal shorting post.
The diameter of the metalized via hole (2) is vr, and the distance between the circle center of the metalized via hole (2) and the circle center of the main radiation unit (3) is ra. In one embodiment, the ratio of the distance ra from the center of the metallized via hole (2) to the center of the main radiating element (3) to the radius rp of the main radiating element (3) is 0.86-0.89.
The ultra-wideband antenna further comprises a feed copper pillar (6), wherein the feed copper pillar (6) is provided with an upper top surface and a lower bottom surface, the diameter fr of the upper top surface is larger than the diameter fd of the lower bottom surface, and the upper top surface is coupled to the circle center of the main radiation unit (3). The center of the antenna floor (4) is provided with a circular through hole (5) with a diameter proportional to the diameter fd of the lower bottom surface of the feed copper column (6), and the lower bottom surface of the feed copper column (6) realizes feed through the circular through hole (5) of the antenna floor (4) and a feed interface.
In one embodiment, the diameter fr of the upper top surface of the feed copper pillar (6) is twice the diameter fd of the lower bottom surface.
In another embodiment, the ratio of the diameter fr of the upper top surface of the feed copper pillar (6) to the distance ra from the center of the metallized via hole (2) to the center of the main radiating element (3) is 0.2-0.26.
In one embodiment, the feed interface is an sma (subminiature version a) interface, and when the filling medium between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the interface is air, the diameter of the circular through hole (5) on the antenna floor (4) is fr × 2.33.
In one embodiment, the dielectric substrate (1) is an AD255C dielectric board, has a thickness of H, a dielectric constant of 2.55, and a loss tangent of 0.0012 to 0.0014(10 GHz).
In one embodiment, the feed copper column (6) is formed by connecting a cylinder and a circular truncated cone to form a gradual change structure, wherein the height of the circular truncated cone is ha.
Table 1 is a parameter table of an ultra-wideband antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
TABLE 1 (Unit: mm)
| rp | ws | H | fr | fd | vr | ha | ra |
| 12.9 | 37 | 4 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 2 | 11.4 |
Fig. 4 shows a graph of return loss characteristics of a simulation and a test of the ultra-wideband antenna structure of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3. Therefore, in the simulation stage, the return loss of the ultra-wideband structure disclosed by the invention is better represented within 6-9GHz supported by the ultra-wideband, and the test result is basically consistent with the simulation result. The ultra-wideband structure disclosed by the invention can work in a frequency band range supported by ultra-wideband well.
In one embodiment, the ultra-wideband antenna disclosed by the invention can be used in an ultra-wideband positioning base station and an ultra-wideband positioning terminal for transmitting and/or receiving ultra-wideband positioning signals.
According to the invention, a TM02 mode is generated through a circular patch microstrip antenna on the upper surface of a dielectric substrate, a TM01 mode is generated by adding 8 metalized via holes around the dielectric substrate, and a monopole mode can be generated through a feed copper column. By means of superposition of the three resonance modes, the working bandwidth of 6-9GHz is covered, and omnidirectional directional diagram coverage is generated in the whole working frequency band. A circular patch with the diameter of 40mm is not enough for exciting a monopole radiation mode, and a square floor with the maximum caliber size of about 52mm and the side length of 37mm can simultaneously excite three radiation modes of TM01, TM02 and monopole, so that the size is reduced from 40mm to 37mm, and the bandwidth is wider. The 8 metallized through holes, the antenna floor and the circular patch form a cavity, similar to a coaxial line, and the impedance matching of the antenna radiation patch is realized by adjusting the radius of the feed copper cylinder. The feed copper column adopts a gradual change structural mode to realize impedance matching with the SMA connector of 50 ohms.
The ultra-wideband antenna disclosed by the invention realizes the widening of the antenna coverage broadband by utilizing the feed copper column with the gradual change structure and the metallized through hole, and solves the problem of narrow relative bandwidth of the microstrip antenna. The ultra-wideband antenna disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the square floor is used for replacing a round floor, the overall size of the structure is reduced, the problem that the diameter of the floor is more than one wavelength in most microstrip antenna schemes is solved, the section structure is low, and the ultra-wideband antenna can be better packaged in a portable terminal. In addition, the ultra-wideband antenna has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing and lower cost, and is suitable for mass production and application.
As noted above, while the preferred embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, many changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is not limited by the disclosure of the preferred embodiments. Rather, the invention should be determined entirely by reference to the claims that follow.
Claims (10)
1. A low profile ultra-wideband antenna comprising: a dielectric substrate (1) having an upper surface and a lower surface; the main radiation unit (3) is electroplated on the upper surface of the medium substrate (1); the antenna floor (4) is electroplated on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (1);
the antenna comprises a main radiating unit (3), an antenna floor (4) and a radiating unit, wherein the main radiating unit (3) is a circular copper foil patch, and the antenna floor (4) is a square copper foil floor; the circumference of the main radiation unit (3) is concentrically and uniformly provided with 8 metalized through holes (2) at equal angles of 45 degrees, and the metalized through holes (2) penetrate through the dielectric substrate (1) and are communicated to the antenna floor (4) so as to realize the electrical connection between the main radiation unit (3) and the antenna floor (4);
the ultra-wideband antenna further comprises a feed copper column (6), the feed copper column (6) is provided with an upper top surface and a lower bottom surface, the diameter of the upper top surface is larger than that of the lower bottom surface, the upper top surface is coupled to the circle center of the main radiation unit (3), a circular through hole (5) with a diameter in a certain proportional relation with the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the feed copper column (6) is formed in the center of the antenna floor (4), and the lower bottom surface of the feed copper column (6) realizes feed through the circular through hole (5) of the antenna floor (4) and a feed interface.
2. The ultra-wideband antenna of claim 1, wherein the metallized via (2) is replaced by a metal shorting post.
3. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the distance from the center of the metallized via (2) to the center of the main radiating element (3) to the radius of the main radiating element (3) is 0.86-0.89.
4. The ultra-wideband antenna of claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the upper top surface of the feed copper cylinder (6) is twice the diameter of the lower bottom surface.
5. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the upper top surface of the feed copper pillar (6) to the distance from the center of the metallized via (2) to the center of the main radiating element (3) is 0.2-0.26.
6. The ultra-wideband antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed interface is an SMA interface, and the diameter of the circular through hole (5) on the antenna floor (4) is 2.2 times the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the feed copper pillar (6).
7. The ultra-wideband antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed copper cylinder (6) is connected by a cylinder and a truncated cone to form a gradual change structure, and the height of the truncated cone is 2 mm.
8. The ultra-wideband antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein said dielectric substrate (1) is an AD255C dielectric board with a thickness of 4mm and a dielectric constant of 2.55.
9. The ultra-wideband antenna of claim 1, wherein the radius of the main radiating element (3) is 12.9mm, the side length of the antenna floor (4) is 37mm, the diameter of the upper top surface of the feed copper pillar (6) is 2.4, the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the feed copper pillar (6) is 1.2, the diameter of the metalized via hole (2) is 0.8, and the distance between the center of the metalized via hole (2) and the center of the main radiating element (3) is 11.4.
10. The ultra-wideband antenna of any of claims 1 to 9, for use in an ultra-wideband positioning base station and an ultra-wideband positioning terminal for transmitting and/or receiving ultra-wideband positioning signals.
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| CN202111586796.XA CN114361786A (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Low-profile ultra-wideband antenna |
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| CN202111586796.XA CN114361786A (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Low-profile ultra-wideband antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114824806A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-07-29 | 四川中电昆辰科技有限公司 | Ultra-wideband circularly polarized antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114824806A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-07-29 | 四川中电昆辰科技有限公司 | Ultra-wideband circularly polarized antenna |
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