CN114361775A - Wearable antenna of circular polarization - Google Patents
Wearable antenna of circular polarization Download PDFInfo
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- CN114361775A CN114361775A CN202111560297.3A CN202111560297A CN114361775A CN 114361775 A CN114361775 A CN 114361775A CN 202111560297 A CN202111560297 A CN 202111560297A CN 114361775 A CN114361775 A CN 114361775A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circularly polarized wearable antenna, which comprises an upper felt substrate, a lower felt substrate, an upper polyimide film circuit and a lower polyimide film circuit, wherein the upper felt substrate is arranged on the upper surface of the upper felt substrate; the upper polyimide film circuit and the lower polyimide film circuit are fixedly connected with the upper felt substrate and the lower felt substrate in a stacking mode; the upper polyimide film circuit and the lower polyimide film circuit are electrically connected with a plurality of groups of metal patches; a small hole is formed in the center of the lower felt substrate; and the metal patch on the lower polyimide film circuit is provided with a U-shaped groove. The antenna of the invention realizes circular polarization effect in a wide frequency band, the axial ratio bandwidth below 3dB exceeds 45%, the antenna gain is stable, the 3dB gain bandwidth exceeds 66%, and the antenna is made of flexible materials, has small size and is suitable for being worn by human bodies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a circularly polarized wearable antenna, and belongs to the technical field of wireless mobile communication.
Background
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are dedicated Wireless communication networks centered on the human Body, which are important components of fifth-generation mobile communication systems and have been widely used in the fields of medical care, entertainment, military, and the like. With the continuous development of wearable devices, wireless body area network communication also faces more and more challenges. In the external communication scene, because the position of a person is moved and the posture of the person is changed, the antenna is easy to deform, the linear polarization antenna is difficult to ensure that the polarization directions of the transceiver nodes are always consistent, and further the communication efficiency of the antenna is reduced, and the circular polarization antenna can receive any linear polarization wave due to the flexibility of the circular polarization antenna in the transmitting/receiving directions, so that stable signal transmission is realized, and therefore, the circular polarization effect is very necessary to be realized in the wireless body area network communication. Besides, considering the needs of practical application, we also put the following requirements on the circularly polarized antenna: 1) the antenna is small in physical size, preferably made of flexible materials, suitable for daily wearing and high in robustness; 2) the 'coupling' between the antenna and the human body is low, i.e. after human tissue is loaded, the antenna performance does not change obviously, and the electromagnetic radiation absorption rate (SAR) needs to meet the international standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a circularly polarized wearable antenna to solve the problems that the circularly polarized antenna in the prior art is narrow in axial ratio bandwidth, not easy to wear and poor in robustness.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is realized by adopting the following scheme:
a circularly polarized wearable antenna comprises an upper felt substrate, a lower felt substrate, an upper polyimide film circuit and a lower polyimide film circuit;
the upper polyimide film circuit and the lower polyimide film circuit are fixedly connected with the upper felt substrate and the lower felt substrate in a stacking mode;
the upper polyimide film circuit and the lower polyimide film circuit are electrically connected with a plurality of groups of metal patches;
a small hole is formed in the center of the lower felt substrate;
and the metal patch on the lower polyimide film circuit is provided with a U-shaped groove.
Preferably, the felt substrate has a dielectric constant of 1.26 and a loss tangent of 0.02, and the polyimide film circuit has a dielectric constant of 3.4 and a loss tangent of 0.008.
Preferably, the felt substrate and the polyimide film circuit are made of flexible materials.
Preferably, the upper and lower felt substrates have thicknesses of 3mm and 2mm, respectively, and the upper and lower polyimide film circuits have thicknesses of 0.07 mm.
Preferably, the U-shaped groove is asymmetric; the metal patch of the lower polyimide film circuit is in a square corner cut shape; the upper polyimide film circuit is electrically connected with four groups of square corner-cut metal patches, 24 groups of rectangular metal patches and two groups of square metal patches.
Preferably, the four groups of square corner cut metal patches are arranged around the center of the upper polyimide film circuit, the 24 groups of rectangular metal patches are arranged around the four groups of square corner cut metal patches respectively in 4 groups, and the two groups of square metal patches are symmetrically arranged at two opposite corners of the upper polyimide film circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the antenna of the invention realizes circular polarization effect in a wide frequency band, the axial ratio bandwidth below 3dB exceeds 45%, the antenna gain is stable, and the 3dB gain bandwidth exceeds 66%.
2. The antenna is made of flexible materials, has small size and is suitable for being worn by a human body.
3. The antenna has strong robustness, and the performance of the antenna is less influenced by the deformation of the flexible substrate.
4. The antenna of the invention has low coupling with human body, the performance of the antenna is hardly influenced by human tissue, and the electromagnetic radiation absorptivity of the antenna is very low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized wearable antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural top view of a lower feed patch of a circularly polarized wearable antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of an upper super-surface structure of a circularly polarized wearable antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph illustrating an influence of a distance between a circularly polarized wearable antenna and human tissues on a reflection coefficient of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the effect of the human body structure on the distance between the circularly polarized wearable antenna and the human body tissue on the gain and axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the influence of deformation of a circularly polarized wearable antenna on the reflection coefficient of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the effect of deformation of a circularly polarized wearable antenna on the gain and axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a circularly polarized wearable antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention operating at 6GHz, 7GHz and 8GHz in free space;
the reference signs are: 1. a felt substrate; 2. a polyimide film circuit; 3. a U-shaped groove; 4. square corner cut metal patches; 5. a rectangular metal patch; 6. a square metal patch.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a layered structure diagram of the circularly polarized wearable antenna of the present invention, the antenna comprises two felt substrates 1 and two polyimide film circuits 2, the thicknesses of the upper felt substrate 1 and the lower felt substrate 1 are 3mm and 2mm, respectively, the thickness of the polyimide film circuit 2 is 0.07mm, wherein the dielectric constant of the felt substrate 1 is 1.26, the loss tangent is 0.02, the dielectric constant of the polyimide film circuit 2 is 3.4, the loss tangent is 0.008, and the structures of the layers are fixedly connected by an adhesive layer.
Fig. 2 shows a feed patch structure of a lower layer, which is realized by square corner-cut metal patches and an asymmetric U-shaped groove 3, and a small hole with a diameter of 0.6mm is formed in the center of a substrate for realizing coaxial feed. Fig. 3 is a super-surface structure of the upper layer, the middle part is a 2 × 2 square corner-cut square metal patch 4, the periphery is respectively provided with 6 identical rectangular metal patches 5, and two smaller square metal patches 6 are in central symmetry and distributed at two opposite corners, and the super-surface structure is mainly used for widening antenna impedance bandwidth and 3dB axial ratio bandwidth.
Wherein, the size parameters of the antenna are respectively as follows: ws 50mm, Wp 19.6mm, Wu 1.1mm, W1 12.4mm, W2 4mm, W3 8.6mm, d 6mm, L2 7.5mm, lu 8.8mm, luu 11.7mm, lud 9.7mm, cp 6.5mm, c1 5.4mm, g1 1.2mm, g2 1.2mm, g3 0.5mm, and g4 0.8 mm. This dimensional parameter is the result of optimization for reflectance and axial ratio.
Fig. 4 and 5 show the reflection coefficient, gain and axial ratio bandwidth of the circularly polarized wearable antenna in free space and at different heights d above the three-layer human tissue model, and it can be known by comparison that the human tissue has less influence on the antenna performance, that is, the antenna can normally work around the human body.
Fig. 6 and 7 show the performance of the circularly polarized wearable antenna when the circularly polarized wearable antenna is bent along cylinders with different radii, the performance of the antenna is deteriorated with the increase of the bending degree, the impedance bandwidth and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna are both narrowed due to the influence of the bending, the gain is also reduced to different degrees, but the requirement can still be met in most frequency bands, and therefore the antenna has strong robustness.
Fig. 8 shows the directional diagram of the circularly polarized wearable antenna in free space, and at 6GHz, 7GHz and 8GHz, the antenna mainly radiates in the normal direction, and has very low cross polarization, which can well satisfy the external communication.
In addition, a three-layer human tissue model of skin, fat and muscle is established in CST three-dimensional simulation software, the influence of an antenna on a human body is simulated, the input power of the antenna is set to be 0.5W and is 5mm away from the human tissue, and SAR value results obtained by simulation are shown in the following table:
under the 1g standard, the SAR values of the antenna at 6GHz, 7GHz and 8GHz are respectively 0.389W/kg, 0.275W/kg and 0.438W/kg; under the 10g standard, the SAR values are 0.150W/kg, 0.106W/kg and 0.191W/kg respectively at 6GHz, 7GHz and 8GHz, and the SAR value of the antenna in the working frequency band is far smaller than the standards of the United states and European Union.
In conclusion, the circularly polarized wearable antenna disclosed by the invention can realize a circularly polarized effect in a very wide frequency band, the axial ratio bandwidth below 3dB exceeds 45%, the antenna gain is stable, the 3dB gain bandwidth exceeds 66%, the antenna is made of flexible materials, the size is small, the antenna is suitable for being worn by a human body, the robustness is very high, the performance is less influenced by the deformation of the flexible substrate, the coupling between the antenna and the human body is low, the performance of the antenna is hardly influenced by human tissues, and the electromagnetic radiation absorption rate is very low.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A circularly polarized wearable antenna is characterized by comprising an upper felt substrate, a lower felt substrate, an upper polyimide film circuit and a lower polyimide film circuit;
the upper polyimide film circuit and the lower polyimide film circuit are fixedly connected with the upper felt substrate and the lower felt substrate in a stacking mode;
the upper polyimide film circuit and the lower polyimide film circuit are electrically connected with a plurality of groups of metal patches;
a small hole is formed in the center of the lower felt substrate;
and the metal patch on the lower polyimide film circuit is provided with a U-shaped groove.
2. The circularly polarized wearable antenna of claim 1, wherein the felt substrate has a dielectric constant of 1.26 and a loss tangent of 0.02, and wherein the polyimide film circuit has a dielectric constant of 3.4 and a loss tangent of 0.008.
3. The circularly polarized wearable antenna of claim 1, wherein the felt substrate and polyimide film circuit are made of a flexible material.
4. The circularly polarized wearable antenna of claim 1, wherein the upper and lower felt substrates have a thickness of 3mm and 2mm, respectively, and the upper and lower polyimide film circuits have a thickness of 0.07 mm.
5. The circularly polarized wearable antenna of claim 1, wherein the U-shaped slot is asymmetrically shaped; the metal patch of the lower polyimide film circuit is in a square corner cut shape; the upper polyimide film circuit is electrically connected with four groups of square corner-cut metal patches, 24 groups of rectangular metal patches and two groups of square metal patches.
6. The circularly polarized wearable antenna of claim 5, wherein the four groups of square corner cut metal patches are arranged around the center of the upper polyimide film circuit, the 24 groups of rectangular metal patches are arranged around the four groups of square corner cut metal patches respectively, and the two groups of square metal patches are symmetrically arranged at two opposite corners of the upper polyimide film circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111560297.3A CN114361775B (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Circular polarization wearable antenna |
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| CN202111560297.3A CN114361775B (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Circular polarization wearable antenna |
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| CN114361775A true CN114361775A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
| CN114361775B CN114361775B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115458932A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2022-12-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | Miniaturized flexible wearable antenna capable of improving high-order mode radiation characteristics |
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