CN114361522B - Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system and control method - Google Patents
Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114361522B CN114361522B CN202111658287.3A CN202111658287A CN114361522B CN 114361522 B CN114361522 B CN 114361522B CN 202111658287 A CN202111658287 A CN 202111658287A CN 114361522 B CN114361522 B CN 114361522B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system and a control method, wherein the fuel cell hydrogen circulation system comprises a hydrogen supply pipeline and a hydrogen recirculation pipeline, the hydrogen supply pipeline comprises a hydrogen storage container, a pressure reducing valve, a proportional valve, a pressure stabilizer, an ejector and a hydrogen humidifier which are sequentially connected, an outlet of the hydrogen humidifier is connected with a hydrogen inlet of a fuel cell, a flow dividing valve is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure reducing valve and the proportional valve, a first outlet of the flow dividing valve is communicated with an inlet of the proportional valve, a second outlet of the flow dividing valve is communicated with an inlet of a hydrogen inlet passage of a turbine, and an outlet of the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine is communicated with a pipeline between the proportional valve and the pressure stabilizer; the hydrogen recycling pipeline comprises a condenser connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell, the outlet of the condenser is communicated with an inlet of a hydrogen return passage of the turbine, and the outlet of the hydrogen return passage of the turbine is communicated with a pipeline between the ejector and the hydrogen humidifier. The hydrogen recycling device can utilize potential energy of high-pressure hydrogen to drive hydrogen to recycle, and supply hydrogen amount required by the operation of the fuel cell, so as to realize the control of hydrogen recycling and hydrogen ratio of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system and a control method.
Background
The new energy automobile is always the key development direction in the industry under the influence of the environmental pollution problem and the energy shortage problem. The oxyhydrogen fuel cell automobile has the advantages of high energy density, long endurance mileage, short hydrogenation time and the like, and is an ideal energy mode of the automobile. The fuel cell needs the coordinated operation of a plurality of auxiliary systems, including a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system, a water thermal management system and a power control system, when in normal operation, so as to provide proper hydrogen, air, cooling water flow and the like, and ensure the optimal working state of the fuel cell. The hydrogen supply system needs to provide enough reaction gas with proper humidity, otherwise, the starvation phenomenon of the fuel cell is caused, so that the output power is reduced, and the service life of the fuel cell is influenced.
The hydrogen circulation is applied to the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and by means of the anode hydrogen recirculation, the occurrence of starvation phenomenon is reduced under the condition of ensuring the anode hydrogen ratio, and the hydrogen in the reactor can be self-humidified. Two kinds of hydrogen circulating devices widely used at present are a hydrogen circulating pump and an ejector respectively. For the hydrogen circulating pump, after the anode is introduced into the hydrogen circulating pump, the accurate control of the hydrogen ratio can be realized by controlling the rotating speed of the circulating pump, but the circulating pump not only consumes additional power, but also has the service life limited by the quality of the circulating pump, thereby influencing the service life of the whole system. For the ejector, the ejector forms a negative pressure area through high-pressure hydrogen passing through the internal structure of the ejector, so that the backflow hydrogen is sucked, and hydrogen circulation is realized. However, because the internal structure of the ejector is fixed, the hydrogen entrainment capacity of the ejector is not controlled, the hydrogen ratio control cannot be realized, and particularly when the fuel cell works in a low power area, the ejector ratio can be rapidly reduced to zero, so that the application range of the ejector is limited.
On the other hand, the hydrogen is stored in a fuel cell vehicle in a manner of high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, the pressure of the hydrogen is up to 70MPa, the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell is often within 3Bar, and the great pressure difference change between the hydrogen inlet pressure and the hydrogen inlet pressure needs the decompression effect of a multi-stage decompression valve, so that part of the internal energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system and a control method, which can utilize potential energy of high-pressure hydrogen to drive hydrogen to recycle, supply hydrogen quantity required by fuel cell operation and realize control of hydrogen circulation and hydrogen ratio of the fuel cell.
The invention relates to a hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell, which comprises a hydrogen supply pipeline and a hydrogen recirculation pipeline, wherein the hydrogen supply pipeline comprises a hydrogen storage container, a pressure reducing valve, a proportional valve, a pressure stabilizer, an ejector and a hydrogen humidifier which are sequentially connected, an outlet of the hydrogen humidifier is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell, a flow dividing valve is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure reducing valve and the proportional valve, an inlet of the flow dividing valve is communicated with an outlet of the pressure reducing valve, a first outlet of the flow dividing valve is communicated with an inlet of the proportional valve, a second outlet of the flow dividing valve is communicated with an inlet of a hydrogen inlet passage of a turbine, and an outlet of the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine is communicated with a pipeline between the proportional valve and the pressure stabilizer; the hydrogen recycling pipeline comprises a condenser connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell, the outlet of the condenser is communicated with an inlet of a hydrogen return passage of a turbine, and the outlet of the hydrogen return passage of the turbine is communicated with a pipeline between the ejector and the hydrogen humidifier; the turbine comprises a driving wheel arranged in the hydrogen inlet passage and a driven wheel arranged in the hydrogen return passage, the driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driven wheel, high-pressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine to drive the driving wheel to rotate, the driven wheel which is in transmission connection with the driving wheel and is positioned in the hydrogen return passage is driven to rotate, and the hydrogen discharged from a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell is driven by the driven wheel to be conveyed to the hydrogen supply pipeline again.
Further, a first pressure sensor for collecting pressure signals of the pressure stabilizer is connected to the pressure stabilizer, and a first flow sensor is connected to the outlet side of the pressure stabilizer; the inlet side of the hydrogen humidifier is connected with a second pressure sensor and a second flow sensor.
Further, a first one-way valve is connected to the outlet side of the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine, and a second one-way valve is connected to the outlet side of the hydrogen return passage of the turbine.
Further, a purge valve is integrally connected to the condenser for discharging liquid water and a part of the returned gas in the condenser.
The fuel cell hydrogen circulation control method adopts the fuel cell hydrogen circulation system to supply gas, and comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining an ideal hydrogen ratio r of the fuel cell stack according to the working state of the fuel cell 0 And ideal value P of hydrogen inlet pressure 0 ；
S2, collecting the mass flow of hydrogen entering the injector and the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell, calculating to obtain the actual hydrogen ratio r of the fuel cell stack, and according to the actual hydrogen ratio r and the ideal hydrogen ratio r 0 Adjusting the diverter valve by a difference Δr;
s3, collecting the actual value P of the hydrogen inlet pressure of the hydrogen inlet entering the fuel cell 1 According to the actual value P of the hydrogen inlet pressure 1 Ideal value P with hydrogen inlet pressure 0 Is a difference deltaP of (1) m Adjusting the control signal of the injector.
Further, the collection is stableActual value P of the presser pressure 2 And is connected with the pressure set value P of the voltage stabilizer 3 Comparing with the actual pressure value P of the voltage stabilizer 2 And is connected with the pressure set value P of the voltage stabilizer 3 Is a difference deltaP of (1) n The control signal of the injector in S3 is corrected.
Further, according to the actual pressure value P of the pressure stabilizer 2 And the pressure set value P of the voltage stabilizer 3 Is a difference deltaP of (1) n And adjusting the opening degree of the proportional valve.
Further, if the perhydro ratio actual value r > perhydro ratio ideal value r 0 The valve core of the flow dividing valve is controlled to rotate clockwise, so that the flow of hydrogen entering a hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine is reduced; if the actual value r of the perhydro ratio is less than the ideal value r of the perhydro ratio 0 The valve core of the flow dividing valve is controlled to rotate anticlockwise, so that the flow of hydrogen entering a hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine is increased; if the perhydro ratio is actual value r=perhydro ratio ideal value r 0 The control diverter valve spool remains stationary.
Further, if the actual value P of the hydrogen inlet pressure 1 Ideal value P of hydrogen inlet pressure 0 The area of the injector nozzle opening is reduced; if the actual hydrogen pressure P is 1 < ideal value of Hydrogen pressure P 0 Increasing the area of the injector nozzle opening; if the actual hydrogen pressure P is 1 Ideal value P of hydrogen inlet pressure 0 The ejector nozzle opening area is kept unchanged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
1. According to the invention, energy transfer of the hydrogen supply pipeline and the hydrogen recycling pipeline is realized through the turbine, the high-pressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine to drive the driving wheel to rotate, so that on one hand, the pressure reduction of the high-pressure hydrogen is realized, on the other hand, the rotation of the driving wheel drives the driven wheel which is in transmission connection with the driving wheel and is positioned in the hydrogen return passage to rotate, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen recycling pipeline is driven to flow back to the hydrogen supply pipeline, namely, the recycling of the hydrogen at the anode of the fuel cell is driven by utilizing the energy released in the hydrogen pressure reduction process of the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine, the pressure reduction of the high-pressure hydrogen is realized, and the defects that the traditional hydrogen circulating pump needs extra energy consumption and the injection ratio of the traditional ejector is uncontrollable are solved.
2. The hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell and the control method of the pressure and the hydrogen ratio thereof can accurately control the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell, can also accurately control the hydrogen metering ratio, prevent the starvation phenomenon of the fuel cell caused by gas deficiency, reduce the parasitic power of the fuel cell and prolong the service life of the stack.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a turbine according to the present invention.
In the figure, a 1-pressure reducing valve, a 2-flow dividing valve, a 3-turbine, a 31-driving wheel, a 32-driven wheel, a 4-proportional valve, a 5-pressure stabilizer, a 6-first pressure sensor, a 7-first flow sensor, an 8-injector, a 9-second pressure sensor, a 10-second flow sensor, an 11-hydrogen humidifier, a 12-fuel cell, a 13-hydrogen storage container, a 14-first one-way valve, a 15-condenser, a 16-purge valve and a 17-second one-way valve;
a-hydrogen inlet passage inlet, b-hydrogen inlet passage outlet, c-hydrogen return passage inlet, d-hydrogen return passage outlet, e-hydrogen inlet, f-hydrogen outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system is shown that includes a hydrogen supply line and a hydrogen recirculation line. The hydrogen supply pipeline comprises a hydrogen storage container 13, a pressure reducing valve 1, a proportional valve 4, a pressure stabilizer 5, an ejector 8 and a hydrogen humidifier 11 which are sequentially connected, wherein an outlet of the hydrogen humidifier 11 is connected with a hydrogen inlet e of a fuel cell, a flow dividing valve 2 is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure reducing valve 1 and the proportional valve 4, an inlet of the flow dividing valve 2 is communicated with an outlet of the pressure reducing valve 1, a first outlet of the flow dividing valve 2 is communicated with an inlet of the proportional valve 4, a second outlet of the flow dividing valve 2 is communicated with an inlet a hydrogen inlet passage of a turbine 3, and an outlet b of the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine 3 is communicated with a pipeline between the proportional valve 4 and the pressure stabilizer 5. The hydrogen recirculation line includes a condenser 15 connected to the hydrogen outlet f of the fuel cell, the outlet of the condenser 15 communicating with the hydrogen return passage inlet c of the turbine 3, and the hydrogen return passage outlet d of the turbine 3 communicating with the line between the ejector 8 and the hydrogen humidifier 11. Referring to fig. 2, the turbine 3 includes a driving wheel 31 disposed in the hydrogen inlet channel and a driven wheel 32 disposed in the hydrogen return channel, where the driving wheel 31 and the driven wheel 32 are connected by shaft transmission, the high-pressure hydrogen enters the turbine 3 and the hydrogen inlet channel drives the driving wheel 31 to rotate, on one hand, the depressurization of the high-pressure hydrogen is realized, and on the other hand, the rotation of the driving wheel 31 drives the driven wheel 32 which is in transmission connection with the driving wheel 31 and is disposed in the hydrogen return channel to rotate, so as to drive the hydrogen in the hydrogen recirculation pipeline to flow back to the hydrogen supply pipeline, that is, the energy released in the depressurization process of the hydrogen in the hydrogen inlet channel of the turbine is utilized to drive the hydrogen to be recirculated at the anode of the fuel cell, thereby not only realizing the depressurization of the high-pressure hydrogen, but also solving the defects of additional consumed energy required by the traditional hydrogen circulation pump and uncontrollable ejector ratio.
The turbine 3 is powered by high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container 13, and returns the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet f of the fuel cell 2 to the hydrogen inlet e of the fuel cell 12, and acts as a circulating pump without additional parasitic power. And unlike the traditional turbocharging system of the fuel vehicle, the hydrogen circulation turbine of the fuel cell has the characteristic of small size because the hydrogen supply of the fuel cell has the characteristics of small flow and large pressure difference.
In order to monitor the flow and pressure of each working stage in the hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell, a first pressure sensor 6 for collecting pressure signals of the pressure stabilizer is connected to the pressure stabilizer 5, and a first flow sensor 7 is connected to the outlet side of the pressure stabilizer 5. The inlet side of the hydrogen humidifier 11 is connected with a second pressure sensor 9 and a second flow sensor 10, which are used for acquiring the pressure and flow of the mixed injected hydrogen sprayed by the injector 8 and the returned hydrogen driven by the hydrogen return passage of the turbine 3.
A first check valve 14 is connected to the outlet b side of the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine 3 to prevent the reverse rotation of the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine 3. Because the pressure of the hydrogen in the fuel cell stack is higher than the pressure of the hydrogen return, the second check valve 17 is connected to the outlet d side of the hydrogen return passage of the turbine 3, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline is prevented from flowing back into the hydrogen return passage of the turbine 3, and the turbine is prevented from reversing.
The condenser 15 is integrally connected with a purge valve 16, so that liquid water in the condenser 15 and a part of the gas flowing back can be controllably discharged to the external environment.
The flow dividing valve 2 is of a ball valve structure, the rotation of the valve core is controlled by a controller, and the flow ratio of the hydrogen entering the proportional valve 4 and the hydrogen entering passage of the turbine 3 can be controlled linearly.
The fuel cell hydrogen circulation control method adopts the fuel cell hydrogen circulation system to supply gas, and comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting output power of a fuel cell, and obtaining an ideal hydrogen ratio r of a fuel cell stack according to the working state of the fuel cell 0 And ideal value P of hydrogen inlet pressure 0 。
S2, acquiring the hydrogen mass flow Q entering the injector 8 through the first flow sensor 7 and the second flow sensor 10 respectively 3 And a hydrogen mass flow Q into the hydrogen inlet e of the fuel cell 12 4 According toCalculating to obtain the actual hydrogen peroxide ratio r of the fuel cell stack, and according to the actual hydrogen peroxide ratio r and the ideal hydrogen peroxide ratio r 0 Is adjusted by a differential Δr of the flow divider valve, Δr=r-r 0 . If the actual hydrogen ratio r is larger than the ideal hydrogen ratio r 0 The valve core of the flow dividing valve 2 is controlled to rotate clockwise, so that the flow of hydrogen entering the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine 3 is reduced; if the actual value r of the perhydro ratio is less than the ideal value r of the perhydro ratio 0 The valve core of the flow dividing valve 2 is controlled to rotate anticlockwise, so that the flow of hydrogen entering the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine 3 is increased; if the perhydro ratio is actual value r=perhydro ratio ideal value r 0 The spool of the control diverter valve 3 remains stationary.
S3, acquiring an actual value P of the hydrogen inlet pressure of the hydrogen inlet e of the fuel cell 12 through the second pressure sensor 9 1 According to the actual value P of the hydrogen inlet pressure 1 Ideal with the hydrogen inlet pressureValue P 0 Is a difference deltaP of (1) m Adjusting control signal, ΔP, of injector m ＝P 1 -P 0 . If the actual hydrogen pressure P is 1 Ideal value P of hydrogen inlet pressure 0 The area of the injector 8 nozzle opening is reduced; if the actual hydrogen pressure P is 1 < ideal value of Hydrogen pressure P 0 The opening area of the spray nozzle 8 of the sprayer is increased; if the actual hydrogen pressure P is 1 Ideal value P of hydrogen inlet pressure 0 The opening area of the injector nozzle 8 is kept unchanged.
The actual pressure value P of the pressure stabilizer is acquired through the first pressure sensor 6 2 And is connected with the pressure set value P of the voltage stabilizer 3 Comparing with the actual pressure value P of the voltage stabilizer 2 And is connected with the pressure set value P of the voltage stabilizer Setting up Is a difference deltaP of (1) n Correction of the control signal of the injector in S3, ΔP n ＝P 2 -P Setting up . According to the actual pressure value P of the pressure stabilizer 2 And the pressure set value P of the voltage stabilizer Setting up Is a difference deltaP of (1) n The opening degree of the proportional valve is regulated to ensure that the actual pressure value P of the voltage stabilizer 2 Maintain at regulator pressure set point P Setting up 。
When the fuel cell hydrogen circulation system is closed at the proportional valve 4, all hydrogen reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve 1 is reduced in pressure by the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine 3 and then enters the injector 8, and the maximum hydrogen ratio of the turbine under control can be obtained. According to a first law of thermodynamics, it can be obtained that the shaft work output by the turbine to the outside is equal to the reduction amount of the internal energy of the hydrogen system plus the system loss, and the change of kinetic energy is ignored, then: w (W) t ＝η 1 W 1 ；W 1 ＝Q 1 ΔH 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein W is t Representing shaft work, W, of turbine output 1 Represents the internal energy change of high-pressure hydrogen, eta 1 Indicating the operating efficiency of the turbine, Q 1 Indicating the hydrogen mass flow into the hydrogen passage. ΔH 1 The specific enthalpy change of hydrogen passing through the turbine is expressed as:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofRepresents the specific heat, T, of the gas 1 And T 1 ′ Indicating the temperature of the hydrogen entering and exiting the turbine. The high pressure hydrogen gas from entering the turbine 3 to driving the drive wheel 31 to leave the turbine takes a short time, which can be considered a negligible change in thermal energy, approximately an adiabatic process. For the adiabatic process, there are:
wherein P is 3 And P 4 Representing the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine, respectively; v (V) 1 And V 2 Representing the specific volume of hydrogen entering and exiting the turbine hydrogen inlet passage; k is the gas insulation index. The ideal gas state equation pv=nrt is:
similarly, for the turbine hydrogen return path, there are:
wherein W is 2 Representing the internal energy change of hydrogen in the hydrogen return path of the turbine, Q 2 And T 2 Representing the mass flow rate and the temperature of hydrogen in a hydrogen return passage of a turbine, P 5 And P 6 The pressures at the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen return path of the turbine are shown, respectively. According to the principle of conservation of energy, there are:
the hydrogen peroxide ratio r of the turbine 3 is according to the law of conservation of energy 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in which Q 3 And Q 4 The hydrogen mass flow rate of the hydrogen inlet passage and the hydrogen return passage of the turbine are respectively represented by T 1 And T 2 Respectively representing the temperature of the hydrogen inlet passage and the hydrogen return passage of the turbine, P 3 And P 4 Representing the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen inlet and outlet of the turbine, respectively, P 5 And P 6 Pressure, η, of the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen return passage of the turbine are expressed respectively 1 And eta 2 The working efficiency of the hydrogen inlet passage and the hydrogen return passage of the turbine are respectively shown.
Minimum value min (T) 1 ) 273K was taken, and the maximum value of the reflux hydrogen temperature max (T 2 ) 353K is taken. Minimum pressure value min (P) 3 ) Taking 30Bar, maximum pressure max (P 4 ) 10Bar was taken. Pressure P of the returning hydrogen 5 And hydrogen inlet pressure P 6 The minimum value of the ratio is determined by the pressure drop of the hydrogen after passing through the fuel cell stack, taking min (P 5 /P 6 ) 0.6. Working efficiency eta of hydrogen inlet passage of turbine 1 The minimum value of 0.9 is taken, and the working efficiency eta of the hydrogen return passage is increased 2 The minimum value of 0.8 is taken for calculation. The minimum hydrogen return ratio of turbine 3 is calculated as follows:
the minimum injection ratio under the hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell is 2.5, and the limit parameter for calculating the minimum injection ratio in the system cannot be simultaneously generated, so that the injection ratio can reach more than 4 under the general condition, and the hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell can meet the injection ratio requirement of the fuel cell from the lowest power to the highest power by the split control of the split valve.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system comprising a hydrogen supply line and a hydrogen recirculation line, characterized in that: the hydrogen supply pipeline comprises a hydrogen storage container (13), a pressure reducing valve (1), a proportional valve (4), a pressure stabilizer (5), an ejector (8) and a hydrogen humidifier (11) which are sequentially connected, wherein the outlet of the hydrogen humidifier (11) is connected with a hydrogen inlet e of a fuel cell (12), a flow dividing valve (2) is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure reducing valve (1) and the proportional valve (4), the inlet of the flow dividing valve (2) is communicated with the outlet of the pressure reducing valve (1), the first outlet of the flow dividing valve (2) is communicated with the inlet of the proportional valve (4), the second outlet of the flow dividing valve (2) is communicated with an inlet a hydrogen inlet passage of a turbine (3), and a hydrogen inlet passage outlet b of the turbine (3) is communicated with a pipeline between the proportional valve (4) and the pressure stabilizer (5);
the hydrogen recycling pipeline comprises a condenser (15) connected with a hydrogen outlet f of the fuel cell (12), the outlet of the condenser (15) is communicated with a hydrogen return passage inlet c of the turbine (3), and a hydrogen return passage outlet d of the turbine (3) is communicated with a pipeline between the ejector (8) and the hydrogen humidifier (11);
the turbine (3) comprises a driving wheel (31) arranged in the hydrogen inlet passage and a driven wheel (32) arranged in the hydrogen return passage, the driving wheel (31) is in transmission connection with the driven wheel (32), high-pressure hydrogen enters the turbine (3) to drive the driving wheel (31) to rotate in the hydrogen inlet passage, the driven wheel (32) which is in transmission connection with the driving wheel (31) and is positioned in the hydrogen return passage is driven to rotate, and the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet f of the fuel cell (12) is driven by the driven wheel (32) to be conveyed to the hydrogen supply pipeline again;
the pressure stabilizer (5) is connected with a first pressure sensor (6) for collecting pressure signals of the pressure stabilizer, and the outlet side of the pressure stabilizer (5) is connected with a first flow sensor (7);
the inlet side of the hydrogen humidifier (11) is connected with a second pressure sensor (9) and a second flow sensor (10);
the hydrogen inlet passage outlet b side of the turbine (3) is connected with a first one-way valve (14), and the hydrogen return passage outlet d side of the turbine (3) is connected with a second one-way valve (17);
the condenser (15) is integrally connected with a purge valve (16) for discharging liquid water and a part of reflux gas in the condenser (15).
2. A hydrogen circulation control method for fuel cells is characterized in that: the fuel cell hydrogen circulation system of claim 1 is used for supplying gas, and the control method comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining an ideal hydrogen ratio r of the fuel cell stack according to the working state of the fuel cell 0 And ideal value P of hydrogen inlet pressure 0 ；
S2, respectively acquiring the hydrogen mass flow Q entering the injector (8) through the first flow sensor (7) and the second flow sensor (10) 3 And a hydrogen mass flow rate Q of hydrogen entering the hydrogen inlet e of the fuel cell (12) 4 According toCalculating to obtain the actual hydrogen peroxide ratio r of the fuel cell stack, and according to the actual hydrogen peroxide ratio r and the ideal hydrogen peroxide ratio r 0 Is adjusted by a differential Δr of the flow divider valve, Δr=r-r 0 ；
S3, acquiring an actual value P of the hydrogen inlet pressure of the hydrogen inlet e entering the fuel cell (12) through a second pressure sensor (9) 1 According to the actual value P of the hydrogen inlet pressure 1 Ideal value P with hydrogen inlet pressure 0 Is a difference deltaP of (1) m Adjusting control signal, ΔP, of injector m ＝P 1 -P 0 。
3. The fuel cell hydrogen circulation control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: collecting the actual pressure value P of the pressure stabilizer 2 And is connected with the pressure set value P of the voltage stabilizer Setting up Comparing with the actual pressure value P of the voltage stabilizer 2 And is connected with the pressure set value P of the voltage stabilizer Setting up Is a difference deltaP of (1) n The control signal of the injector in S3 is corrected.
4. The fuel cell hydrogen circulation control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: according to the actual pressure value P of the pressure stabilizer 2 And the pressure set value P of the voltage stabilizer Setting up Is a difference deltaP of (1) n And adjusting the opening degree of the proportional valve.
5. The fuel cell hydrogen circulation control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: if the actual hydrogen ratio r is larger than the ideal hydrogen ratio r 0 The valve core of the flow dividing valve is controlled to rotate clockwise, so that the flow of hydrogen entering a hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine is reduced; if the actual value r of the perhydro ratio is less than the ideal value r of the perhydro ratio 0 The valve core of the flow dividing valve is controlled to rotate anticlockwise, so that the flow of hydrogen entering a hydrogen inlet passage of the turbine is increased; if the perhydro ratio is actual value r=perhydro ratio ideal value r 0 The control diverter valve spool remains stationary.
6. The fuel cell hydrogen circulation control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: if the actual hydrogen pressure P is 1 Ideal value P of hydrogen inlet pressure 0 The area of the injector nozzle opening is reduced; if the actual hydrogen pressure P is 1 < ideal value of Hydrogen pressure P 0 Increasing the area of the injector nozzle opening; if the actual hydrogen pressure P is 1 Ideal value P of hydrogen inlet pressure 0 The ejector nozzle opening area is kept unchanged.
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| CA1140008A (en) * | 1980-04-01 | 1983-01-25 | Robert J. Teitel | Hydrogen supply system |
| JP2005228635A (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | Gas supply system of fuel cell |
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| CN110182104A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of fuel cell car auxiliary energy supplying system |
| CN111697254A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-09-22 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Hydrogen circulation device system, regulation and control method thereof and fuel cell device system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI626783B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-06-11 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Hydrogen circulation system for fuel cell |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1140008A (en) * | 1980-04-01 | 1983-01-25 | Robert J. Teitel | Hydrogen supply system |
| JP2005228635A (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | Gas supply system of fuel cell |
| CN109921061A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-21 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell air supply system and air supply method |
| CN110182104A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of fuel cell car auxiliary energy supplying system |
| CN111697254A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-09-22 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Hydrogen circulation device system, regulation and control method thereof and fuel cell device system |
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