CN114357766A - Long straight well section well pattern integral volume fracturing optimization design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a long straight well section well pattern integral volume fracturing optimization design method, which comprises the following steps: optimizing a fracturing layer position, a well pattern type and a well distance; establishing a new well mining model according to the fracturing layer, the well pattern type and the well spacing; implementing single well construction optimization according to the new well mining model, and establishing a set of construction optimization parameter scheme; and (4) after the construction parameters of the construction optimization parameter scheme are optimized, the yield is predicted to obtain an optimal development scheme. The method for optimally designing the integral volume fracturing of the long straight well section well pattern can apply a large-scale volume fracturing technology used in the development of a horizontal well to the modification of the reservoir of the straight well, is suitable for the extraction modification of the straight well of the old well area in a multi-layer reservoir, and is beneficial to guiding the modification of the old well area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a long straight well section well pattern integral volume fracturing optimization design method.
Background
The large-scale volume fracturing technology is generally applied to development of horizontal wells of shale oil reservoirs, and can form mutually staggered network fractures in compact reservoirs, so that the transformation range is improved in a large area, and the large-scale volume fracturing technology is less used in a vertical well area. The old well blocks in China are mostly multi-layer reservoir beds, all layers are communicated and exploited by adopting vertical wells, the recovery ratio is low, and the utilization area is limited. When the old well is poor in development effect and a new well needs volume fracturing, how to enable the old straight well zone to achieve maximum productivity under the existing well pattern condition and how to apply the current advanced integral fracturing technology of the horizontal well to the transformation of the old straight well zone becomes another research direction for the yield increase transformation of the old well zone.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a long straight well section well pattern overall volume fracturing optimization design method, when the development effect of an old well area is not good, a large-scale volume fracturing technology commonly used by horizontal wells is applied to old straight well blocks of a multi-layer reservoir, the straight wells are used as the horizontal wells to be operated, the straight well pattern is modified, the development effect of the straight well pattern is improved, a new thought is provided for modification of the old straight well section, and guidance of modification of the old well area is facilitated.
The invention provides a long straight well section well pattern integral volume fracturing optimization design method, which comprises the following steps:
optimizing a fracturing layer position, a well pattern type and a well distance;
establishing a new well mining model according to the fracturing horizon, the well pattern type and the well spacing;
performing single-well construction optimization according to the new well mining model, and establishing a set of construction optimization parameter scheme;
and after the construction parameters of the construction optimization parameter scheme are optimized, the yield is predicted to obtain an optimal development scheme.
Specifically, the optimizing of the fracturing horizon, the well pattern type and the well spacing comprises the following steps:
step A1: fracturing horizon selection and well pattern and well spacing determination
If the fracturing layer position and the well pattern well spacing of the original well zone are determined, optimization can be carried out under the conditions of the original layer position and the well pattern well spacing; if the fracturing layer position is the original main force layer position of the old well area, selecting a main force oil layer and an adjacent layer to perform fracturing transformation; determining a fracturing horizon by combining oil testing, well logging and the like;
step A2: the well pattern type and the well spacing are adjusted on the original basis as much as possible or do not need to be changed, or new wells are properly added according to the requirements, and the well spacing is reduced.
Specifically, establishing the new well production model comprises the following steps:
step B1: building three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model
According to the fracturing horizon, the well pattern type and the well spacing, well zone geological characteristics and reservoir physical properties, in combination with geological data, a three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model is established by using fracturing software petrel, wherein the three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model comprises fracture distribution, thickness, layer system and grid precision, and porosity, oil saturation, horizontal minimum ground stress, horizontal maximum ground stress and pore pressure are obtained according to the three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model;
step B2: natural fracture model established according to three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model
Obtaining fracture occurrence, dip angle, density and size according to resistivity imaging logging, and establishing a natural fracture model by using fracturing software petrel in combination with porosity, oil saturation, minimum horizontal ground stress, maximum horizontal ground stress and pore pressure;
step B3: and arranging a new well on the natural fracture model along the extension direction of the fracture, and establishing a new well mining model.
Specifically, establishing a set of the construction optimization parameter scheme comprises the following steps:
step C1: selecting optimal parameter value by using control variable method
Respectively selecting construction displacement, cluster spacing, sand carrying capacity, fracturing fluid consumption, viscosity and a fracturing sequence as single variables, and substituting the single variables into a new well exploitation model by using a control variable method to carry out numerical simulation to obtain the expansion condition of the crack under the condition of single variable change;
step C2: performing crack inversion by changing a single variable on the basis of conventional parameter values of an oil field by using a control variable method, and determining the optimal parameter by comparing the forms of cracks and selecting the condition with the optimal form, wherein the forms of the cracks comprise the length, the width and the height of the cracks;
step C3: and respectively establishing a set of construction optimization parameter scheme according to each optimal parameter, substituting the construction optimization parameter scheme into the new well exploitation model, applying pressure to the new well exploitation model, and simulating the yield of new well exploitation.
Specifically, the step of obtaining the optimal development scheme includes:
and (3) simulating the output change of the new well under different construction parameters by using the construction parameters of the construction optimization parameter scheme and using fracturing software petrel to obtain the construction parameters with the highest output, comparing the crack expansion conditions under the construction parameters, if the construction parameters with the highest output are the same as the construction parameters with the optimal crack form, the optimal parameters are reliable, otherwise, optimizing is continuously carried out to confirm the reliability of the optimal parameters, and further, the parameters are optimized to obtain the optimal development scheme.
The invention also provides a device for optimally designing the integral volume fracturing of the long straight well section well pattern, which comprises
The first processing unit is used for optimizing a fracturing layer position, a well pattern type and a well spacing;
the second processing unit is used for establishing a new well exploitation model according to the fracturing horizon, the well pattern type and the well spacing;
the third processing unit is used for implementing single-well construction optimization according to the new well mining model and establishing a set of construction optimization parameter scheme;
and the fourth processing unit is used for carrying out yield prediction after optimizing the construction parameters of the construction optimization parameter scheme to obtain an optimal development scheme.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program realizes the steps of the above-mentioned method when executed by a processor.
The invention also provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor performs the steps of the method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses an overall volume fracturing optimization design method for a long straight well section well pattern, which is suitable for extraction transformation of old well regions in a multilayer system reservoir and volume fracturing of new and old wells. The method for optimally designing the integral volume fracturing of the long straight well section well pattern can apply a large-scale volume fracturing technology used in the development of a horizontal well to the modification of the reservoir of the straight well, is suitable for the extraction modification of the straight well of the old well area in a multi-layer reservoir, and is beneficial to guiding the modification of the old well area.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 provides a long straight well section well pattern integral volume fracturing optimization design method, which comprises the following steps:
step A: optimizing fracturing horizon, pattern type and well spacing
Step A1: fracturing horizon selection and well pattern and well spacing determination
If the fracturing layer position and the well pattern well spacing of the original well zone are determined, optimization can be carried out under the conditions of the original layer position and the well pattern well spacing; if the fracturing layer position is the original main force layer position of the old well area, selecting a main force oil layer and an adjacent layer to perform fracturing transformation; determining a fracturing horizon by combining oil testing, well logging and the like;
because old well region is because stratum energy's exhaustion, the main power oil reservoir flow resistance increases, selects main power oil reservoir and adjacent layer to carry out fracturing transformation, can improve the permeability, increases oil efficiency.
Step A2: the well pattern type and the well spacing are adjusted on the original basis as much as possible or do not need to be changed, or new wells are properly added according to the requirements, and the well spacing is reduced;
because well pattern well spacing is arranging in old well area well pattern and has mostly matured, mostly all adopt several sets of well patterns to develop, adjust the well pattern on a large scale and be not conform to actual conditions, consequently well pattern type and well spacing generally change little, can adjust or need not to change on original basis, perhaps can suitably increase new well according to the demand, reduce well spacing, conveniently carry out whole volume fracturing and promote and reform transform the effect.
And B: establishing a new well exploitation model according to the fracturing horizon, the well pattern type and the well spacing
Step B1: building three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model
According to the fracturing horizon, the well pattern type and the well distance, well zone geological characteristics and reservoir physical properties, in combination with geological data such as well drilling, well logging and well logging, a three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model is established by using fracturing software petrel, wherein the three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model comprises fracture distribution, thickness, layer system and grid precision, and parameter values such as porosity, oil saturation, horizontal minimum ground stress, horizontal maximum ground stress and pore pressure are obtained according to the three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model. The development of fracturing software petrel begins in 1997 and is realized by a team consisting of programmers, geophysicists, geologists and reservoir engineers, the petrel software is a shared earth model tool, reservoir laws are found through a common data model, and in one application, geophysical, geological, petrophysical and production data can be imported and visualized, so that all working group members can access the data easily. The petrel software is an exploration and development integrated platform developed by Schlumberger company and centered on a three-dimensional geological model, belongs to geophysical professional software and is developed to the 2018 version.
Step B2: natural fracture model established according to three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model
And (3) obtaining fracture occurrence, dip angle, density and size according to resistivity imaging logging, and establishing a natural fracture model by using fracturing software petrel in combination with parameter values such as porosity, oil saturation, minimum horizontal ground stress, maximum horizontal ground stress, pore pressure and the like.
Step B3: and arranging a new well on the natural fracture model along the extension direction of the fracture, and establishing a new well mining model.
And C: implementing single well construction optimization according to the new well mining model, and establishing a set of construction optimization parameter scheme;
step C1: selecting optimal parameter value by using control variable method
Selecting factors such as construction discharge capacity, cluster spacing, sand carrying capacity, fracturing fluid consumption, viscosity, fracturing sequence and the like as single variables, and substituting the single variables into a new well exploitation model by using a control variable method to carry out numerical simulation to obtain the expansion condition of the crack under the condition of single variable change;
the following takes three parameters of displacement, cluster spacing and sand amount as examples, and specifically explains the design method, and other parameter designs can refer to the following control variable method design idea.
a. Construction displacement design
The old well generally adopts small liquid amount which is generally not more than 6m3Permin, the new well uses large displacement, generally more than 10 to 6m3And/min. And setting a plurality of groups of different discharge capacities and other same parameters, carrying out crack propagation simulation, and comparing the crack propagation conditions.
b. Cluster pitch design
And (3) according to the thickness of the target layer section to be reconstructed, setting schemes with different cluster intervals and the same other parameters for simulation, and comparing the crack propagation conditions.
c. Design of sand carrying capacity
The old well adopts a scheme of low sand amount, setting different sand amounts but the other parameters are the same to simulate, and comparing the crack propagation conditions.
Step C2: performing crack inversion by changing a single variable on the basis of conventional parameter values of an oil field by using a control variable method, and determining the condition with the optimal form as the optimal parameter by comparing the forms of cracks, wherein the forms of the cracks comprise the length, the width and the height of the cracks;
step C3: and respectively establishing a set of construction optimization parameter scheme according to each optimal parameter, substituting the construction optimization parameter scheme into the new well exploitation model, applying pressure to the new well exploitation model, and simulating the yield of new well exploitation.
Step D: optimizing the construction parameters of the construction optimization parameter scheme, and predicting the yield to obtain the optimal development scheme
And (3) simulating the output change of the new well under different construction parameters by using the construction parameters of the construction optimization parameter scheme and using fracturing software petrel to obtain the construction parameters with the highest output, comparing the crack expansion conditions under the construction parameters, if the construction parameters with the highest output are the same as the construction parameters with the optimal crack form, the optimal parameters are reliable, otherwise, optimizing is continuously carried out to confirm the reliability of the optimal parameters, and further, the parameters are optimized to obtain the optimal development scheme.
In order to observe the optimization effect more visually, the optimal development scheme is simulated by using fracturing software petrel, and the simulation days are recommended to be more than 180 days. The simulation effect can be compared with the previous production data to predict the yield improvement degree.
The method has the following use principle:
when the old well is transformed, the field principle of small discharge capacity and high sand ratio needs to be followed;
the optimal transformation volume principle is realized: volume fracturing is a research target of the optimal maximum reconstruction volume of the whole block;
the principle of reasonably and fully utilizing energy is as follows: the energy of a single-layer system or a multi-layer system is fully and reasonably utilized to the maximum;
the original setting is the main principle: the type of the well pattern at the fracturing layer is basically unchanged or slightly changed;
control variable principle: and optimizing each parameter by adopting a control variable method.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. The method for optimally designing the integral volume fracturing of the long and straight well section well pattern is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
optimizing a fracturing layer position, a well pattern type and a well distance;
establishing a new well mining model according to the fracturing horizon, the well pattern type and the well spacing;
performing single-well construction optimization according to the new well mining model, and establishing a set of construction optimization parameter scheme;
and after the construction parameters of the construction optimization parameter scheme are optimized, the yield is predicted to obtain an optimal development scheme.
2. The long straight section well pattern overall volume fracturing optimization design method of claim 1, wherein the optimizing of fracturing horizons, well pattern types and well spacing comprises the following steps:
step A1: fracturing horizon selection and well pattern and well spacing determination
If the fracturing layer position and the well pattern well spacing of the original well zone are determined, optimization can be carried out under the conditions of the original layer position and the well pattern well spacing; if the fracturing layer position is the original main force layer position of the old well area, selecting a main force oil layer and an adjacent layer to perform fracturing transformation; determining a fracturing horizon by combining oil testing, well logging and the like;
step A2: the well pattern type and the well spacing are adjusted on the original basis as much as possible or do not need to be changed, or new wells are properly added according to the requirements, and the well spacing is reduced.
3. The long straight section well pattern overall volume fracturing optimization design method of claim 1, wherein establishing the new well production model comprises the steps of:
step B1: building three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model
According to the fracturing horizon, the well pattern type and the well spacing, well zone geological characteristics and reservoir physical properties, in combination with geological data, a three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model is established by using fracturing software petrel, wherein the three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model comprises fracture distribution, thickness, layer system and grid precision, and porosity, oil saturation, horizontal minimum ground stress, horizontal maximum ground stress and pore pressure are obtained according to the three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model;
step B2: natural fracture model established according to three-dimensional geological engineering integrated model
Obtaining fracture occurrence, dip angle, density and size according to resistivity imaging logging, and establishing a natural fracture model by using fracturing software petrel in combination with porosity, oil saturation, minimum horizontal ground stress, maximum horizontal ground stress and pore pressure;
step B3: and arranging a new well on the natural fracture model along the extension direction of the fracture, and establishing a new well mining model.
4. The long straight well section well pattern overall volume fracturing optimization design method of claim 1, wherein establishing a set of the construction optimization parameter scheme comprises the following steps:
step C1: selecting optimal parameter value by using control variable method
Respectively selecting construction displacement, cluster spacing, sand carrying capacity, fracturing fluid consumption, viscosity and a fracturing sequence as single variables, and substituting the single variables into a new well exploitation model by using a control variable method to carry out numerical simulation to obtain the expansion condition of the crack under the condition of single variable change;
step C2: performing crack inversion by changing a single variable on the basis of conventional parameter values of an oil field by using a control variable method, and determining the optimal parameter by comparing the forms of cracks and selecting the condition with the optimal form, wherein the forms of the cracks comprise the length, the width and the height of the cracks;
step C3: and respectively establishing a set of construction optimization parameter scheme according to each optimal parameter, substituting the construction optimization parameter scheme into the new well exploitation model, applying pressure to the new well exploitation model, and simulating the yield of new well exploitation.
5. The long straight section well pattern overall volume fracturing optimization design method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the optimal development scenario comprises:
and (3) simulating the output change of the new well under different construction parameters by using the construction parameters of the construction optimization parameter scheme and using fracturing software petrel to obtain the construction parameters with the highest output, comparing the crack expansion conditions under the construction parameters, if the construction parameters with the highest output are the same as the construction parameters with the optimal crack form, the optimal parameters are reliable, otherwise, optimizing is continuously carried out to confirm the reliability of the optimal parameters, and further, the parameters are optimized to obtain the optimal development scheme.
6. The whole volume fracturing optimization design device of long and straight well section well pattern is characterized by comprising
The first processing unit is used for optimizing a fracturing layer position, a well pattern type and a well spacing;
the second processing unit is used for establishing a new well exploitation model according to the fracturing horizon, the well pattern type and the well spacing;
the third processing unit is used for implementing single-well construction optimization according to the new well mining model and establishing a set of construction optimization parameter scheme;
and the fourth processing unit is used for carrying out yield prediction after optimizing the construction parameters of the construction optimization parameter scheme to obtain an optimal development scheme.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the steps of the method of any of claims 1-5 are implemented when the computer program is executed by the processor.
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