CN112523744A - Well position design and real-time tracking and guiding method for thin-difference horizontal well - Google Patents
Well position design and real-time tracking and guiding method for thin-difference horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking and guiding method, which is used for solving the problem that an effective method flow is lacked only from one side of earthquake, geology and the like aiming at horizontal well deployment and guiding. The method comprises the following specific steps: s1, horizontal well deployment method: including a preferred deployment; carving the sand body; performing simulation analysis; s2, horizontal well guiding method: the method comprises three stages of determining a mark layer, determining an f entering target point and controlling a g horizontal segment, and different method flows are determined, wherein the horizontal segment is controlled: the method comprises three methods, namely a three-dimensional model control method, an earthquake reservoir prediction method and a comprehensive control method. Through comprehensive analysis of various methods, horizontal well deployment, guiding process and node are implemented, and a set of complete horizontal well deployment and guiding method is formed. The method adopts various methods such as earthquake, geology, modeling, guiding and the like to form an effective method flow, indicates that the well spacing block of the horizontal well is optimized, and improves the deployment efficiency of the horizontal well and the drilling rate of the oil-bearing sandstone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil reservoir engineering, in particular to a thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method.
Background
The low-permeability reservoir in China is the same as other medium-high permeability reservoirs, most of the reservoir is generated in medium-and new-generation continental basin, and the reservoir has some basic sedimentary features common to the continental clastic rock reservoir, such as multiple sources, near sources, minerals, low structural maturity of the minerals, fast sedimentary facies zone change and the like. Land deposition systems are mostly large rivers to shallow water delta, river sand is a main oil-containing reservoir, the reservoir is not concentrated in the longitudinal direction, is discontinuous in the transverse direction, is small in scale, is thin in single-layer thickness, and generally has the characteristics of low porosity and low permeability. Therefore, how to explore and develop the thin and poor dense oil reservoir to achieve economic and effective exploitation is the key direction of current oil field attack and customs.
The existing typical test block shows that long horizontal well and large-scale volume fracturing are effective means for developing the thin and compact oil layer. Aiming at horizontal well deployment and guidance, the existing method only starts from the aspects of earthquake, geology and the like, an effective method flow is lacked, the development effect of the horizontal well can be improved only by describing a certain method in a general way, and specific effective means and summary understanding of a targeted technology are lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a thin-fault-zone horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking and guiding method, aiming at overcoming the problem that the existing horizontal well deploying and guiding method in the background technology only starts from one side of earthquake, geology and the like and lacks an effective method flow. The thin-difference horizontal well position design and real-time tracking and guiding method can combine scheme implementation and guiding conditions, and adopts various methods such as earthquake, geology, modeling, guiding and the like to form an effective method flow, so that the horizontal well distribution block is guided to be optimized, and the horizontal well deployment efficiency and the oil-sand-containing rock drilling rate are improved.
The invention can solve the problems by the following technical scheme: a thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method comprises the following steps:
s1, horizontal well deployment method:
a preferred deployment:
1) determining a main force horizon according to stratum fine comparison and oil layer fine division, and preferably deploying a deposition unit;
2) establishing a single-well high-resolution sequence stratum framework by taking 'single sand body circling around' of a river course as a main subdivision basis of a sequence according to a sequence stratigraphy principle;
3) constructing a plurality of skeleton comparison sections according to standard layer characteristics in the fine stratum comparison and the layer drilling condition in a single-well high-resolution layer sequence stratum framework, and carrying out block layer comparison;
b, sand body carving:
1) aiming at the preferred deployment deposition unit in the step a1, applying a plurality of reservoir seismic inversion methods to carry out sand body development quantitative description and carrying out 'dessert' fine description;
2) aiming at the preferred deployment deposition unit in the step a1, carrying out amplitude preservation processing on the seismic data, preferably selecting a root-mean-square amplitude attribute with high sensitivity to sandstone thickness, and predicting the plane distribution of sand bodies;
3) carrying out sand body development quantitative prediction by applying various reservoir seismic inversion methods;
4) supplementing the newly finished drilling head drilling information, and performing multi-turn prediction by applying the step b 1-3; finally, selecting to obtain a dessert;
c, simulation analysis: optimizing the parameter design of the horizontal well according to the numerical simulation and the geological modeling research result to realize the optimal design;
1) b, applying the 'sweet spot' area predicted in the step b to optimize horizontal well parameter design, wherein the horizontal well parameter design comprises horizontal well extension direction design, horizontal well fracturing half-seam length, well bottom flowing pressure wave and radius;
2) modeling a geological model: establishing a geological model by adopting each parameter of block geology and the parameter of the horizontal well,
s2, horizontal well guiding method:
the method comprises three stages of determining a mark layer, determining an f entering target point and controlling a g horizontal segment, and different method flows are determined, wherein the horizontal segment is controlled: the method comprises three methods, namely a three-dimensional model control method, an earthquake reservoir prediction method and a comprehensive control method.
Through comprehensive analysis of various methods, horizontal well deployment, guiding process and node are implemented, and a set of complete horizontal well deployment and guiding method is formed.
Preferably, the multiple reservoir seismic inversion methods in sand body delineation in step b include 3 inversion methods applying geostatistics, Z inversion and waveform indication.
Preferably, in the simulation analysis of the step c, the following principle should be followed when designing the extending direction of the horizontal well:
(1) the extending direction of the horizontal well is parallel to the trend of the sand body;
(2) the extending direction of the horizontal well is vertical to the direction of the maximum main stress (or the direction of the artificial fracture) or is obliquely crossed at a large angle;
(3) the horizontal well azimuth is appropriately adjusted in the fault-clamped region.
Preferably, in the simulation analysis of the step c, the fracturing half-fracture length of the horizontal well is determined by the same type of well comparison method of similar reservoirs; the bottom hole flowing pressure wave and the radius are calculated by adopting a numerical simulation infinite homogeneous model and using a numerical simulation method.
Preferably, the method for determining the marker layer in step S2 is:
1) comparing the wells according to the nearby principle and the drill bit position;
2) and according to the deposition cycle principle, selecting a stratum with stable deposition, larger thickness, obvious lithology and electrical characteristics aiming at the comparison well, and establishing a multi-stage comparison mark layer.
Preferably, the method for determining the target point in step S2 is:
1) adjusting the vertical depth of the target point according to the actual drilling bushing altitude error: the method comprises the following steps that in the drilling engineering design, the bushing elevation is generally predicted according to the adjacent well elevation and the model of a possible drilling machine, and the bushing elevation is actually measured before drilling, so that the first step of target entry control is to adjust the vertical depth of a point A designed into a target entry point according to the error of the bushing elevation and design the point A1;
2) adjusting the vertical depth of the target point according to the multi-level mark layers in the step 1: when the drill encounters each level of mark layer, the depth of the target layer can be calculated according to the average thickness from the block mark layer to the target layer, if the predicted depth and the design error are more than 2m, the design target point A2 is designed, and the vertical depth of A2 needs to be corrected in real time;
3) fine adjusting the vertical depth of the target according to the dip angle of the stratum: when the horizontal well is drilled into the target, the target drilling point is drilled in the middle of the sandstone layer, and the angle of the target drilling point is the same as the inclination angle of the stratum, so that after the horizontal well track is explored, such as the inclination angle of a landing point and the stratum.
Preferably, the three-dimensional model control method in the horizontal segment control of step S2 is: before horizontal well steering, establishing a depth domain three-dimensional geological model according to the block drilled well data, the earthquake and the speed data; in the horizontal well guiding process, the actual drilling track is guided into the model, and the track is adjusted according to different positions of the track in a model reservoir, so that the formation is avoided; meanwhile, the model can be used for calculating the stratum inclination angle and supposing the inclination angle of the drilling sand encountering body.
The formula for calculating the stratum inclination angle and speculating and calculating the inclination angle of the drilling sand body is as follows:
a=arcsin(H/L)
in the formula: a-formation dip, in degrees;
h-the vertical height difference of the in-layer point and the out-layer point of the track is m;
l-the level difference between the entry point and the exit point of the track, in m.
Preferably, the seismic reservoir prediction method in the horizontal segment control of step S2: guiding horizontal well guiding by reservoir prediction, integrating geostatistics, Z inversion and waveform indication 3 inversion results on a time domain, combining a depth domain construction model, tracking real drilling conditions in real time and guiding next-step trajectory drilling; adjusting the overall trend of the track according to the construction depth, and finely adjusting the well deviation of the track according to the reservoir development condition predicted by the inversion profile result;
preferably, the integrated control method in the horizontal segment control of step S2: on the basis of geological models and earthquake prediction data, logging data obtained by on-site real-time drilling are combined, lithology, electrical property and oil-containing property are integrated to comprehensively judge the relative position of the track in the reservoir, and the track is controlled to be drilled at a well-developed part of the reservoir during horizontal section drilling.
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method can be used for forming a set of complete horizontal well deployment and guiding processes by combining various methods such as earthquake, geology, modeling and guiding aiming at any low-permeability oil field in the horizontal well deployment and guiding stage, adopts different measures and methods for different stages, effectively improves the horizontal well deployment efficiency and the oil-bearing sandstone drilling rate, and improves the horizontal well development effect. The specific obtained benefits are as follows:
(1) starting from the horizontal well deployment process, node control is formed, a step-by-step optimization method is adopted, and the optimal deployment efficiency of horizontal well blocks is improved.
(2) The method specifically optimizes eight targeted technical measures from three stages of horizontal well guiding marking layer determination, target entering point determination and horizontal section track control, and systematically summarizes and summarizes the optimal method for horizontal well guiding.
(3) The horizontal well deployment and the guiding are combined to form a whole set of flow from block optimization, well position deployment to horizontal well drilling guiding and analyzing, a horizontal well block deployment optimization method, a horizontal well drilling guiding method and a horizontal well deployment guiding flow node management method are innovated, the horizontal well deployment efficiency and the oil-bearing sandstone drilling rate of a low-permeability oil field are effectively improved, and the horizontal well development effect is improved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a comparison of stratigraphic systems of a study area block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the control of the target entry for the study of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a numerical analysis chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block seismic inversion prediction plot according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block seismic attribute prediction diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of horizontal segment control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The horizontal well position design and real-time tracking and guiding technical method is described below based on embodiments and drawings, but it should be noted that the method is not limited to the embodiments. In the following detailed description of the present method, some specific details are set forth in detail. However, it will be fully understood by those skilled in the art that the description is not exhaustive.
The invention relates to a well position designing and real-time tracking and guiding method for a thin-difference horizontal well, which comprises the following steps of:
the horizontal well deployment method comprises the following steps:
a preferred deployment:
1) determining a main force horizon according to stratum fine comparison and oil layer fine division, and preferably deploying a deposition unit;
2) establishing a single-well high-resolution sequence stratum framework by taking 'single sand body circling around' of a river course as a main subdivision basis of a sequence according to a sequence stratigraphy principle;
3) constructing a plurality of skeleton comparison sections according to standard layer characteristics in the fine stratum comparison and the layer drilling condition in a single-well high-resolution layer sequence stratum framework, and carrying out block layer comparison;
b, sand body carving:
1) aiming at the preferred deployment deposition unit in the step a1, applying a plurality of reservoir seismic inversion methods to carry out sand body development quantitative description and carrying out 'dessert' fine description; the multiple reservoir seismic inversion methods comprise 3 types of inversion by applying geology statistics, Z inversion and waveform indication;
2) aiming at the preferred deployment deposition unit in the step a1, carrying out amplitude preservation processing on the seismic data, preferably selecting a root-mean-square amplitude attribute with high sensitivity to sandstone thickness, and predicting the plane distribution of sand bodies;
3) carrying out sand body development quantitative prediction by applying various reservoir seismic inversion methods;
4) supplementing the newly finished drilling head drilling information, and performing multi-turn prediction by applying the step b 1-3; finally, selecting to obtain a dessert;
c, simulation analysis: optimizing the parameter design of the horizontal well according to the numerical simulation and the geological modeling research result to realize the optimal design;
1) b, applying the 'sweet spot' area predicted in the step b to optimize horizontal well parameter design, wherein the horizontal well parameter design comprises horizontal well extension direction design, horizontal well fracturing half-seam length, well bottom flowing pressure wave and radius; the following principle should be followed when designing the extension direction of the horizontal well: the extending direction of the horizontal well is parallel to the trend of the sand body; the extending direction of the horizontal well is vertical to the direction of the maximum main stress (or the direction of the artificial fracture) or is obliquely crossed at a large angle; properly adjusting the horizontal well azimuth in the fault clamping area; the fracturing half-seam length of the horizontal well is determined by the same type of well comparison method of similar reservoirs; the bottom hole flowing pressure wave and the radius are calculated by adopting a numerical simulation infinite homogeneous model and a numerical simulation method;
2) modeling a geological model: establishing a geological model by adopting each parameter of block geology and the parameter of the horizontal well,
II, a horizontal well guiding method comprises the following steps:
determining a mark layer, determining a target entry point f and controlling a level segment g through the step e, and determining different method flows;
the method for determining the mark layer comprises the following steps:
e1, comparing well according to the proximity principle and the bit position;
e2, according to the principle of deposition cycle, selecting a stratum with stable deposition, large thickness, obvious lithology and electrical characteristics for the comparison well, and establishing a multi-level comparison marker layer
The f-entry target point determination method comprises the following steps:
f1, adjusting the vertical depth of the target point according to the actual drilling filling elevation error: the method comprises the following steps that in the drilling engineering design, the bushing elevation is generally predicted according to the adjacent well elevation and the model of a possible drilling machine, and the bushing elevation is actually measured before drilling, so that the first step of target entry control is to adjust the vertical depth of a point A designed into a target entry point according to the error of the bushing elevation and design the point A1;
f2, adjusting the vertical depth of the target entry point according to the multi-stage mark layers in the step 1: when the drill encounters each level of mark layer, the depth of the target layer can be calculated according to the average thickness from the block mark layer to the target layer, if the predicted depth and the design error are more than 2m, the design target point A2 is designed, and the vertical depth of A2 needs to be corrected in real time;
f3, fine adjusting the vertical depth of the target according to the stratum inclination angle: when the horizontal well is drilled into the target, the target drilling point is drilled in the middle of the sandstone layer, and the angle of the target drilling point is the same as the inclination angle of the stratum, so that after the horizontal well track is explored, such as the inclination angle of a landing point and the stratum.
And g, controlling the level section: the method comprises three methods, namely a three-dimensional model control method, an earthquake reservoir prediction method and a comprehensive control method.
The three-dimensional model control method comprises the following steps: before horizontal well steering, establishing a depth domain three-dimensional geological model according to the block drilled well data, the earthquake and the speed data; in the horizontal well guiding process, the actual drilling track is guided into the model, and the track is adjusted according to different positions of the track in a model reservoir, so that the formation is avoided; meanwhile, the model can be used for calculating the stratum inclination angle and supposing the inclination angle of the drilling sand encountering body.
The formula for calculating the stratum inclination angle and speculating and calculating the inclination angle of the drilling sand body is as follows:
a=arcsin(H/L)
in the formula: a-formation dip, in degrees;
h-the vertical height difference of the in-layer point and the out-layer point of the track is m;
l-the level difference between the entry point and the exit point of the track, in m.
The earthquake reservoir prediction method specifically comprises the following steps: guiding horizontal well guiding by reservoir prediction, integrating geostatistics, Z inversion and waveform indication 3 inversion results on a time domain, combining a depth domain construction model, tracking real drilling conditions in real time and guiding next-step trajectory drilling; and adjusting the overall trend of the track according to the construction depth, and finely adjusting the well deviation of the track according to the reservoir development condition predicted by the inversion profile result.
The comprehensive control method specifically comprises the following steps: on the basis of geological models and earthquake prediction data, logging data obtained by on-site real-time drilling are combined, lithology, electrical property and oil-containing property are integrated to comprehensively judge the relative position of the track in the reservoir, and the track is controlled to be drilled at a well-developed part of the reservoir during horizontal section drilling.
Through comprehensive analysis of various methods, horizontal well deployment, guiding process and node are implemented, and a set of complete horizontal well deployment and guiding method is formed.
Example 1
The invention relates to a method for carrying out well position design and real-time tracking and guiding method research on a thin-difference-layer horizontal well aiming at a model Tubi oil field 198-133 block 9 horizontal well, and a specific measure method required to be taken by a specific node can be obtained by inquiring the deployment and guiding nodes of a horizontal well with a low-permeability oil layer on the basis of the current deployment and guiding process of the horizontal well.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
first and horizontal well deployment
1) Preferred deployment: the block is mainly controlled by the health deposition system in southwest, and the deposition type mainly comprises river-delta diversion plain subphase. The oil-containing layer within the block developed mainly in group II. If the adjacent F48 tight well pattern development block anatomy shows that the Furi 72 unit sandstone and the effective drilling rate are respectively 86.7 percent and 80.0 percent, and the Furi 41 unit sandstone and the effective drilling rate are respectively 44.4 percent and 37.7 percent. 8 holes are drilled at the current drill bit in the block, the effective thickness of the group I is counted to be 5.9m, the main oil layer is a group I72 unit, the average effective thickness of a drilling well meeting point is 3.0m, and the sand body is stably developed; the secondary main force oil layer is a supporting I41 unit, and the average effective thickness of a drilling well meeting point is 2.1 m. The sand body is developed into a strip shape, and the sand body is poorly developed at other layers (see figure 1). In order to eliminate the influence of faults, the horizontal distance between the target point and the fault is at least 100 m; preferably, the main force layer predicts the well position of the dessert region with the oil sandstone more than 2.0 m; considering the volume fracturing completion in the later period, a certain distance is reserved between the horizontal well section and the fault; platform drilling mode is adopted to reduce ground investment.
2) Sand body engraving: preferred selection of I7 from 15 deposition units2Armrest I41And the two sets of main sand bodies on the layer number are used as main well distribution areas of the horizontal well. Armrest I72The sand body of the layer is in the southwest-northeast direction, the development is relatively stable, and the scale is large; armrest I41The development of the sand bodies in the stratum is mainly in a narrow river channel and is in the north-south direction, and the sandstone in other areas is underdeveloped. By inversion and attribute prediction, the sandstone predicted thickness coincidence rate reaches over 80 percent (see fig. 4 and fig. 5).
3) Simulation analysis: the experimental area is similar to the YP1 block reservoir development condition and has similar physical properties, the YP1 block 8 horizontal wells averagely fracture 9 sections of 18 clusters in a single well, and the sand adding amount is 9232m3Adding sand amount of 883m3The average monitoring half-seam length is 234 m; determining the length of a horizontal well fracturing half joint of a test area to be about 220m by using a class comparison method; the results after the numerical simulation calculation show that when the horizontal well is mined for 1 year, the bottom hole flowing pressure wave and the radius are 240 m; by combining the two methods for analysis, the control radius of the horizontal well is determined to be about 230m, meanwhile, about 40m of matrix area is reserved, elastic energy of stratum is released, the recovery rate is improved, the designed interval of the horizontal well is about 500m, and the horizontal well can be properly adjusted under the influence of factors such as faults and the like. According to numerical simulation prediction, the daily yield and the accumulated oil production in the initial stage are increased along with the increase of the horizontal section, and the later stage is slowed down; if the daily oil yield in the initial stage is more than 10t (the minimum daily oil yield according to the current oil price and investment conversion), the length of the required minimum horizontal section is 1000-1200 m; if the accumulated oil production reaches 1 ten thousand tons in 10 years, the length of the required minimum horizontal section is 1000-1200 m (see figure 3). Therefore, the length of the horizontal section is not less than 1000-1200 m, and the single well is guaranteed to control the reserve size.
Second, horizontal well steering
1) Determining a mark layer: three groups of oil shale on the top of the rest of the test area have obvious characteristics, all the areas are developed, the thickness of the whole area is less than 1m according to the convolution comparison result, the logging shows that the oil shale has high resistance and high gamma, and the logging shows that the oil shale has black brown color and can be used as a first-level mark layer; in the group I, 1-3 marking layers can be determined according to the development condition of a reservoir of a control vertical well around a horizontal well (see figure 1).
2) Determining the target entering point: the error of the top surface of the 6 wells in the block is more than 2m, and an A1 target point is designed; the 4 wells designed the A2 target point due to multi-level contrast and inclination angle change. For example, a 198-flat 4 well is drilled in a depth 1979m to meet the top of a layer, the actual drill supporting error is-3.6 m, the AB section stratum is declined by 0.5 degrees, the well deviation is 84.3 degrees, the included angle between a well track and the stratum is 5.2 degrees, and the existing drilling track design A2 point (see figure 2) is optimized.
3) And horizontal segment control: the main target layer of the test area, namely the pilot layer I72, is mainly deposited in a river channel and has positive rhythm characteristics, the middle part of a reservoir has good oil content, developed oil spots and oil-immersed sandstone, the granularity of rock debris is medium, and the gas measurement value is high; the oil content at the top of the reservoir is poor, oil stains and oil spot sandstone or dry sandstone are developed, the rock debris granularity is fine, the mud is contained, the gamma and resistivity curves change slowly, and the gas logging value is low; the bottom of the reservoir I72 is developed to be bottom calcium, the sandstone containing calcium or the siltstone containing calcium has large drilling time, poor oil content, developed oil traces, fast change of logging curves and low gas logging. Thus, the log curve changes more slowly if the trajectory is drilled from the top through the reservoir, and more abruptly if the trajectory is drilled from the bottom through the reservoir. This provides a basis for determining whether to drill out the reservoir as being top or bottom out (see fig. 6).
The horizontal well of 9 mouths of the test area is completely drilled, the average drilling depth is 3288m, the actual drilling horizontal section is 1172m, the sandstone length is 1069m, the sandstone drilling rate is 91.2%, the oil-containing sandstone length is 1032m, and the oil-containing sandstone drilling rate is 88.1%.
The horizontal well guiding method has high summarization and pertinence, is simple and efficient in operation method, can realize rapid deployment and development of the horizontal well in one block of the oil field and accurate control of horizontal well guiding, guides water horizontal well development, and improves the horizontal well development effect. At present, no such method is comparable.
After the model Tunfan oil field 198-one 133 block 9 horizontal well is implemented on site according to the method, the average horizontal section length of the horizontal well is 1172m, the oil-containing sandstone is 1032m, the thickness of the target layer sandstone is 6.9m, the thickness of the oil layer is 3.5m, the average sandstone drilling rate of a single well is 91.2%, and the sandstone drilling rate is greatly improved.
The block is put into production by large-scale fracturing in 9 months in 2018, the average daily liquid yield in the initial stage (1 st month) is 38.0t, the average daily oil yield in the initial stage is 21.58t, and the average daily oil yield of a single well is 6.1t and the average accumulated oil yield of the single well is 5408t at present, so that a good application effect is achieved.
In the field application of the method, the average single-well sandstone drilling rate of the horizontal well is as high as 91.0%, and the thin-difference-layer horizontal well position design and real-time tracking and guiding method is suitable for onshore low-permeability oil fields and unconventional oil and gas fields, and particularly for stratums with continuous single-layer sandstone development.
Claims (10)
1. A thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method comprises the following steps:
s1, horizontal well deployment method:
a preferred deployment:
1) determining a main force horizon according to stratum fine comparison and oil layer fine division, and preferably deploying a deposition unit;
2) establishing a single-well high-resolution sequence stratum framework by taking 'single sand body circling around' of a river course as a main subdivision basis of a sequence according to a sequence stratigraphy principle;
3) constructing a plurality of skeleton comparison sections according to standard layer characteristics in the fine stratum comparison and the layer drilling condition in a single-well high-resolution layer sequence stratum framework, and carrying out block layer comparison;
b, sand body carving:
1) aiming at the preferred deployment deposition unit in the step a1, applying a plurality of reservoir seismic inversion methods to carry out sand body development quantitative description and carrying out 'dessert' fine description;
2) aiming at the preferred deployment deposition unit in the step a1, carrying out amplitude preservation processing on the seismic data, preferably selecting a root-mean-square amplitude attribute with high sensitivity to sandstone thickness, and predicting the plane distribution of sand bodies;
3) carrying out sand body development quantitative prediction by applying various reservoir seismic inversion methods;
4) supplementing the newly finished drilling head drilling information, and performing multi-turn prediction by applying the step b 1-3; finally, selecting to obtain a dessert;
c, simulation analysis: optimizing the parameter design of the horizontal well according to the numerical simulation and the geological modeling research result to realize the optimal design;
1) b, applying the 'sweet spot' area predicted in the step b to optimize horizontal well parameter design, wherein the horizontal well parameter design comprises horizontal well extension direction design, horizontal well fracturing half-seam length, well bottom flowing pressure wave and radius;
2) modeling a geological model: establishing a geological model by adopting each parameter of block geology and the parameter of the horizontal well,
s2, horizontal well guiding method:
the method comprises three stages of determining a mark layer, determining an f entering target point and controlling a g horizontal segment, and different method flows are determined, wherein the horizontal segment is controlled: the method comprises three methods, namely a three-dimensional model control method, an earthquake reservoir prediction method and a comprehensive control method;
through comprehensive analysis of various methods, horizontal well deployment, guiding process and node are implemented, and a set of complete horizontal well deployment and guiding method is formed.
2. The thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and b, performing seismic inversion on multiple reservoirs in sand body depiction by 3 methods of applying geology statistics, Z inversion and waveform indication inversion.
3. The thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the simulation analysis of the step c, the following principle is followed when the extension direction of the horizontal well is designed:
(1) the extending direction of the horizontal well is parallel to the trend of the sand body;
(2) the extending direction of the horizontal well is vertical to the direction of the maximum main stress (or the direction of the artificial fracture) or is obliquely crossed at a large angle;
(3) the horizontal well azimuth is appropriately adjusted in the fault-clamped region.
4. The thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the simulation analysis of the step c, the fracturing half-fracture length of the horizontal well is determined by a similar reservoir bed same type well comparison method; the bottom hole flowing pressure wave and the radius are calculated by adopting a numerical simulation infinite homogeneous model and using a numerical simulation method.
5. The thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for determining the marker layer in step S2 includes:
1) comparing the wells according to the nearby principle and the drill bit position;
2) and according to the deposition cycle principle, selecting a stratum with stable deposition, larger thickness, obvious lithology and electrical characteristics aiming at the comparison well, and establishing a multi-stage comparison mark layer.
6. The thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for determining the target point f in the step S2 comprises the following steps:
1) adjusting the vertical depth of the target point according to the actual drilling bushing altitude error: the method comprises the following steps that in the drilling engineering design, the bushing elevation is generally predicted according to the adjacent well elevation and the model of a possible drilling machine, and the bushing elevation is actually measured before drilling, so that the first step of target entry control is to adjust the vertical depth of a point A designed into a target entry point according to the error of the bushing elevation and design the point A1;
2) adjusting the vertical depth of the target point according to the multi-level mark layers in the step 1: when the drill encounters each level of mark layer, the depth of the target layer can be calculated according to the average thickness from the block mark layer to the target layer, if the predicted depth and the design error are more than 2m, the design target point A2 is designed, and the vertical depth of A2 needs to be corrected in real time;
3) fine adjusting the vertical depth of the target according to the dip angle of the stratum: when the horizontal well is drilled into the target, the target drilling point is drilled in the middle of the sandstone layer, and the angle of the target drilling point is the same as the inclination angle of the stratum, so that after the horizontal well track is explored, such as the inclination angle of a landing point and the stratum.
7. The thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the three-dimensional model control method in the step S2 horizontal segment control comprises the following steps: before horizontal well steering, establishing a depth domain three-dimensional geological model according to the block drilled well data, the earthquake and the speed data; in the horizontal well guiding process, the actual drilling track is guided into the model, and the track is adjusted according to different positions of the track in a model reservoir, so that the formation is avoided; meanwhile, the model can be used for calculating the stratum inclination angle and supposing the inclination angle of the drilling sand encountering body.
8. The thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the formula for calculating the stratum inclination angle and speculating and calculating the inclination angle of the drilling sand body is as follows:
a=arcsin(H/L)
in the formula: a-formation dip, degree;
h-vertical height difference m between the layer entering point and the layer exiting point of the track;
l-the level difference, m, between the entry point and the exit point of the trajectory.
9. The thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: step S2 seismic reservoir prediction method in horizontal segment control: guiding horizontal well guiding by reservoir prediction, integrating geostatistics, Z inversion and waveform indication 3 inversion results on a time domain, combining a depth domain construction model, tracking real drilling conditions in real time and guiding next-step trajectory drilling; and adjusting the overall trend of the track according to the construction depth, and finely adjusting the well deviation of the track according to the reservoir development condition predicted by the inversion profile result.
10. The thin-difference horizontal well position designing and real-time tracking guiding method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: step S2 integrated control method in horizontal segment control: on the basis of geological models and earthquake prediction data, logging data obtained by on-site real-time drilling are combined, lithology, electrical property and oil-containing property are integrated to comprehensively judge the relative position of the track in the reservoir, and the track is controlled to be drilled at a well-developed part of the reservoir during horizontal section drilling.
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