CN114357653A - End tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimization method considering tooth surface morphology - Google Patents
End tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimization method considering tooth surface morphology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimization method considering tooth surface morphology, which comprises the steps of obtaining tooth surface point cloud data of an end tooth connecting structure, and determining a tooth surface representation point of each tooth surface in the end tooth connecting structure according to the point cloud data; calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth socket in the end tooth connecting structure according to the tooth surface characterization points; determining a plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure corresponding to each mounting angle according to the axial offset distance; selecting a mounting angle corresponding to the minimum value of the plane inclination angle as a mounting angle of the end tooth connecting structure; according to the embodiment of the invention, accurate simulation of the end tooth connecting structure can be realized by acquiring the point cloud data of the tooth surface, the bounce deviation result of the end tooth connecting structure at each mounting angle after assembly can be objectively compared through determination of the axial offset distance and the plane inclination angle, and further an ideal mounting angle can be selected through the bounce deviation result after assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft engine rotor assembly, and particularly relates to an end tooth connecting structure assembly and installation angle optimization method considering tooth surface morphology.
Background
The end tooth connecting structure is widely applied to an aircraft engine compressor rotor, and the assembling quality of the multistage rotor end tooth connecting structure of the aircraft engine is closely related to the working performance and safety of the aircraft engine; in the high-rotating-speed, high-temperature and high-pressure working environment, the rotor connecting structure can vibrate violently, the vibration can accelerate the fatigue of parts, and the service life of an engine is shortened. As shown in fig. 1, the end tooth connecting structure is composed of two end teeth, i.e., a male toothed disc 20 and a female toothed disc 30, which are used in cooperation with each other.
At present, circular arc end tooth-bolted connection structure is in the assembling process, and the connection between convex tooth dish 20 and the concave tooth dish 30 is realized to interval setting up a plurality of connecting bolt in end tooth connection structure's circumference usually, and has all seted up a plurality of bolt holes in the equal circumference on convex tooth dish 20 and the concave tooth dish 30, and the position corresponding relation of the bolt hole of the two is usually referred to the installation angle of the two, and is to corresponding with several bolt holes on the concave tooth dish 30 like a bolt hole of convex tooth dish 20.
In the installation process, part of machine types select installation angles according to the experience of workers, and some machine types have assigned unique installation angles. However, the fitting efficiency is low due to a low one-time fitting yield based on the experience of a worker, and the randomness of the end face run-out deviation after fitting is caused, so that the qualitative and quantitative optimization of the fitting deviation is not realized.
With the increasing requirements of the industry on the performance of aero-engines, the traditional mounting process cannot meet the requirements on high efficiency, high qualification rate, high performance and high reliability of the engines, and the rotor assembly is advanced to the digital assembly with high precision, high efficiency and high reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimizing method considering tooth surface morphology, which can predict an optimal mounting angle before mounting so as to avoid multiple trial assembly and improve mounting efficiency.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: an end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimization method considering tooth surface morphology comprises the following steps:
acquiring tooth surface point cloud data of the end tooth connecting structure, and determining a tooth surface representation point of each tooth surface in the end tooth connecting structure according to the point cloud data;
calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth socket in the end tooth connecting structure according to the tooth surface characterization points;
determining a plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure corresponding to each mounting angle according to the axial offset distance;
and selecting the mounting angle corresponding to the minimum value of the plane inclination angle as the mounting angle of the end tooth connecting structure.
Further, calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth slot in the end tooth connecting structure according to the tooth surface characterization point comprises the following steps:
calculating a first distance between two tooth surface characterization points of each groove in a concave fluted disc of the end tooth connecting structure and a second distance between two tooth surface characterization points of each tooth in a convex fluted disc of the end tooth connecting structure;
calculating the circumferential displacement of the meshing tooth socket of the end tooth connecting structure according to the first distance and the second distance;
and calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth grooves according to the circumferential displacement of the meshing tooth grooves.
Further, determining the plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure corresponding to each mounting angle according to the axial offset distance comprises:
calculating the axial clearance of each meshing tooth socket;
selecting the phase of the actual meshing tooth socket according to the axial clearance;
determining an engagement plane according to the phase of the actual engagement tooth socket;
and calculating the plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure according to the meshing plane.
Further, calculating the plane inclination angle of the end-tooth connecting structure based on the meshing plane includes:
calculating a normal vector of the meshing plane;
and calculating the plane inclination angle according to the normal vector of the meshing plane and the normal vector of the ideal meshing plane.
Further, determining the engagement plane according to the phase of the actual engagement tooth slot includes:
determining a tooth surface characterization point according to the phase of the meshing tooth socket;
and determining the meshing plane according to the tooth surface characterization points.
Further, determining a tooth surface characterization point for each tooth surface in the end-tooth joint structure from the point cloud data comprises:
performing surface fitting according to the point cloud data to obtain a fitted tooth surface;
determining a space curve of the fit tooth surface intersected with the corresponding pitch plane;
selecting a tooth surface characterization point on the space curve; and the distances between each tooth surface characterization point and the same point on the axis of the end tooth connecting structure are equal.
Further, selecting tooth surface characterization points on the space curve includes:
determining a cylindrical surface by taking the axis of the end tooth connecting structure as an axis and taking R as a radius; wherein R ismin≤R≤Rmax，RminIs the inner diameter, R, of the end-tooth connecting structuremaxThe outer diameter of the end tooth connecting structure;
and taking the intersection point of the cylindrical surface and each space curve as a tooth surface characterization point.
Further, the tooth surface point cloud data are acquired in the following mode:
and (4) realizing coordinate acquisition of the tooth surface characteristic points of the single teeth in the end tooth connecting structure by adopting a free sweep algorithm.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimizing device considering tooth surface morphology comprises the following steps:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring tooth surface point cloud data of the end tooth connecting structure and determining a tooth surface representation point of each tooth surface in the end tooth connecting structure according to the point cloud data;
the calculation module is used for calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth socket in the end tooth connecting structure according to the tooth surface characterization points;
the determining module is used for determining a plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure corresponding to each mounting angle according to the axial offset distance;
and the selection module is used for selecting the mounting angle corresponding to the minimum value of the plane inclination angle as the mounting angle of the end tooth connecting structure.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an end tooth connection structure assembly installation angle optimization device considering tooth surface topography comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the end tooth connection structure assembly installation angle optimization method considering tooth surface topography.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the embodiment of the invention, accurate simulation of the end tooth connecting structure can be realized by acquiring the point cloud data of the tooth surface, the bounce deviation result of the end tooth connecting structure at each mounting angle after assembly can be objectively compared through determination of the axial offset distance and the plane inclination angle, and further an ideal mounting angle can be selected through the bounce deviation result after assembly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an end tooth connection structure in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a scanning path of point cloud data of an end tooth connection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a selection of tooth surface characterization points in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of tooth surface deviations for a single pair of tooth slots in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of tooth flank deflection for a single tooth slot pair in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison between a plane tilt angle and an ideal plane tilt angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 10. an axial end face; 20. a convex gear disc; 30. a concave fluted disc; 40. and assembling a reference surface.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Aeroengine circular arc end tooth connection structure includes: in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, when the concave-toothed disc 30 and the convex-toothed disc 20 are assembled, the concave-toothed disc 30 is selected to be fixed and named as an assembly reference disc, a plane where a bottom surface of the concave-toothed disc 30 is located is an assembly reference surface 40, the convex-toothed disc 20 is selected to be a movable toothed disc and named as an assembly disc, and a surface where an upper surface of the movable toothed disc is located is an axial end surface 10.
The invention provides an end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimization method considering tooth surface morphology, which mainly comprises the following steps:
and S110, acquiring tooth surface point cloud data of the end tooth connecting structure, and determining a tooth surface representation point of each tooth surface in the end tooth connecting structure according to the point cloud data.
First, the respective measurement coordinate systems of the concave-toothed disc 30 and the convex-toothed disc 20 are established. Under respective measurement coordinate systems, coordinate acquisition of tooth surface characteristic points of a single tooth in the end tooth connecting structure is achieved by using five-axis measurement equipment and adopting a free sweep algorithm, the tooth surface characteristic points are led into a measurement system through a three-dimensional model, and simultaneously tooth surface approaching vectors (which are model parameters in the measurement system) and a region to be scanned are given to complete all tooth surface scanning. The belt scan zones in this embodiment are actually the scan path and the sequencing of the teeth.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the contact between the corresponding tooth flanks of the two end teeth can be characterized by a space curve formed by intersecting the tooth flanks with the pitch planes, i.e., a first space curve formed by intersecting a first tooth flank on the male toothed disc 20 with a first pitch plane, and a second space curve formed by intersecting a second tooth flank on the female toothed disc 30 with a second pitch plane. The first pitch plane is a pitch plane corresponding to the first tooth surface, and the second pitch plane is a pitch plane corresponding to the second tooth surface. Ideally, the first space curve and the second space curve should coincide, but due to machining errors, the male disk 20 and the female disk 30 may not coincide when they are installed.
Further, in the same absolute coordinate system, the contact of the space curve may be characterized by using the contact of a fixed point on the space curve with a specific distance from the origin of the coordinate system, which is hereinafter referred to as a characterization point. That is, a first characterization point is selected on the first spatial curve, a second characterization point is selected on the second spatial curve, and whether the first spatial curve and the second spatial curve coincide is characterized by the distance between the first characterization point and the second characterization point.
In short, this step of the embodiment of the present invention functions to calculate the distance between a characteristic point on each tooth on the male 20 and a characteristic point on the corresponding groove on the female 30. Performing surface fitting according to the point cloud data to obtain a fitted tooth surface; determining a space curve of the fit tooth surface intersected with the corresponding pitch plane; as shown in fig. 3, a tooth surface characterization point is selected on the space curve; and the distances between each tooth surface characterization point and the axis of the end tooth connecting structure are equal.
The specific content of the step is as follows:
and taking the nodal plane of the end teeth as the xoy plane, taking the original point as the center of a circle of a fitting circle of the inner cylindrical surface of the end-toothed disc on the xoy plane, taking the positive direction of the y axis as the direction from the original point to the circumferential reference surface and perpendicular to the circumferential reference surface, taking the end-toothed disc structure to be symmetrical about the y axis, taking the positive direction of the z axis as the direction from the original point to the tooth top and perpendicular to the nodal plane, and finally determining the x axis according to a right-hand coordinate system. The above process is the construction process of the measurement coordinate system.
After the measurement coordinate system is established, the coordinates of the tooth surface characteristic points of the arc end tooth structure are obtained by adopting a free sweep algorithm, and the scanning path when data are collected is shown in fig. 2. Starting with the tooth opposite to the y axis in the measurement coordinate system of the concave toothed disc 30, continuously collecting the coordinates of the tooth surface feature points of the next tooth after measuring all tooth surfaces on one tooth, rotating the measurement coordinate system counterclockwise by the angle alpha with the z axis, repeating the steps until the coordinate collection of the tooth surface feature points of all the teeth of the concave toothed disc 30 is completed, and further obtaining the point cloud data of the concave toothed disc 30.
Similarly, starting with the tooth slot opposite to the y axis in the measurement coordinate system of the convex tooth disk 20, every time all tooth surfaces on one tooth slot are measured, the counterclockwise rotation angle α of the measurement coordinate system is measured, wherein α satisfies:
where Z is the number of teeth/slots on the end tooth.
Determining a cylindrical surface by taking the axis of the end tooth connecting structure as an axis and taking R as a radius under the same coordinate system; wherein R ismin≤R≤Rmax，RminIs the inner diameter, R, of the end-tooth connecting structuremaxThe outer diameter of the end tooth connecting structure; and taking the intersection point of the cylindrical surface and each space curve as a tooth surface characterization point. The tooth surface characterization points determined by the method can ensure that the distances between each tooth surface characterization point and the same point on the end tooth connecting structure are equal, so that the subsequent calculation process is more accurate,
and (3) making a cylindrical surface with the radius of R and the rotation axis of the z-axis, wherein the spatial coordinates of the intersection point of the cylindrical surface, the pitch plane and the xoy plane are the spatial coordinates of the characterization point of each tooth surface.
Defining the initial measurement coordinate system of the concave-toothed disc 30 as an assembly coordinate system, and respectively representing the characteristic points on the tooth surface of the first tooth of the concave-toothed disc 30 as the assembly coordinate system
j denotes the number of teeth on the end tooth, here taken as 1. The characteristic points on the tooth surface of the convex tooth are respectively expressed as
i denotes the mounting angle (i.e. the corresponding relationship of the grooves on the concave disk 30 and the teeth on the convex disk 20), j denotes the mounting angle iThe number of teeth or tooth slots measured in the scale.
Then, the characteristic points in each coordinate system are converted into respective initial measurement coordinate systems, in which two tooth surface characteristic points on the convex toothed disc 20 in the assembly coordinate system are respectively
Two tooth surface characterization points of the concave-toothed disc 30 are respectively
Then there is a corresponding relationship:
wherein, in the present embodiment, i is 1, 2.., 23, 24; j 2,3, 47,48, i.e. representing 24 mounting angles and 48 teeth or slots per end tooth, TjTo characterize the point coordinate rotation matrix, in particular, the rotation matrix satisfies the following relationship:
step S120, calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth grooves in the end tooth connecting structure according to the tooth surface characterization points, namely calculating the offset distance of the meshing tooth grooves on the concave tooth disc 30 and the convex tooth disc 20.
According to the stress balance of the end tooth connecting structure, the tooth surface processing deviation can cause the tooth surface contact to deviate from an ideal contact position, and axial deviation exists between the pitch lines of the concave tooth disc 30 and the convex tooth disc 20, so that an equation of the axial deviation of the pitch lines and the space distance of the tooth surface characterization point of the tooth groove is established, the space distance difference of the characterization point on each pair of meshing tooth grooves is calculated by measuring the coordinates of the tooth surface characterization point, the deviation distance of each pair of meshing tooth grooves is further calculated, and the establishment of the end face run-out deviation model under the meshing of the single pair of tooth grooves considering the end teeth is completed.
In the step, a first distance between two tooth surface characterization points of each groove in a concave fluted disc of an end tooth connecting structure and a second distance between two tooth surface characterization points of each tooth in a convex fluted disc of the end tooth connecting structure are calculated; then, calculating the circumferential displacement of the meshing tooth socket of the end tooth connecting structure according to the first distance and the second distance; and finally, calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth grooves according to the circumferential displacement of the meshing tooth grooves.
In this step, k is defined as the ordinal number of the meshing tooth gaps, and starts with the meshing tooth gap corresponding to the y axis of the assembly coordinate system, that is, the 1 st meshing tooth gap (k is 1) is the meshing tooth gap opposite to the y axis in the assembly coordinate system, and the value of k increases, and the corresponding meshing tooth gap rotates with the Z axis in the assembly coordinate system as the axis, and further, the tooth surface characterization points in an ideal state have the following corresponding relationship:
in addition, suppose that the k-th pair of engaging tooth grooves axial displacement at the i-th installation angle is expressed as
And
corresponding circumferential displacement
Is represented by the following formula:
where θ is a tooth surface pressure angle, and in the embodiment of the present invention, θ is equal to 30 °.
In the ideal state in the k-th pair of engaging tooth grooves
And
coincident (i.e., the characteristic points of the flanks of the concave disks 30 are coincident with the characteristic points of the flanks of the convex disks 20).
And
has a spatial distance (i.e. the distance between two tooth flanks of each tooth on the pitch plane) of
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and
are respectively as
X-axis coordinate value, y-axis coordinate value, and z-axis coordinate value, and, similarly,
and
are respectively as
X-axis coordinate value, y-axis coordinate value and z-axis coordinate value,
and
are respectively as
X-axis coordinate value, y-axis coordinate value and z-axis coordinate value,
and
are respectively as
X-axis coordinate values, y-axis coordinate values, and z-axis coordinate values.
Under ideal condition
And
the sizes are equal, but the existence of machining deviation can cause the spatial position of the tooth surface to change, thereby causing the space of the four tooth surface characterization pointsThe position changes, and specifically, the spatial coordinates of the actual contact points can be extracted from the curved surface fitted by each tooth surface point cloud data.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 4, where 1 is a side view of one groove of the concave fluted disc 30 and 2 is a side view of one tooth of the convex fluted disc 20, the tooth flanks of the solid line 1 and the solid line 2 should ideally coincide, but due to machining errors, the tooth flank 2 is shown as a dotted line, and there is a gap between it and the tooth flank of the groove, and the circumferential spacing of the gap is B and the circumferential spacing is a.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the tooth flanks of the reference numerals 2 and 1 should ideally coincide, but in this embodiment, after the concave disks 30 and the convex disks 20 are installed due to machining errors, the actual assembly results in that the actual tooth flanks of the grooves are raised from the reference numeral 1 to the position of the reference numeral 3, and the axial pitch B and the circumferential pitch a also occur.
Therefore, according to the tooth space structure characteristics, the following can be obtained:
further, the difference B between the spatial distances of the characteristic points on the meshing tooth grooves can be calculated according to the formula (5)ik。
And S130, determining a plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure corresponding to each mounting angle according to the axial offset distance.
The desired axial displacement from the desired assembly position required to achieve individual contact of all the mating gullets at each installation angle is calculated. Obtaining a constraint condition according to static balance of an end tooth connecting structure: at least three pairs of tooth grooves are required to be in contact engagement to enable the end tooth connection structure to be statically balanced, and the gravity vector of the mounting plate must pass through the triangular area formed in space by the three pairs of tooth grooves.
And under each installation angle, calculating the axial displacement of all other meshing tooth groove pairs except the three pairs of tooth grooves meeting the constraint conditions, and calculating to obtain the phase which is firstly contacted with the three pairs of tooth grooves and a plane equation which is spatially fitted by the three pairs of tooth grooves by constraining the axial displacement to be smaller than the respective ideal axial displacement, namely completing the establishment of the end-toothed disc end face run-out deviation model considering the meshing of the multiple pairs of tooth grooves.
In this step, the axial clearance of each engaging tooth groove is first calculated; then selecting the phase of the actual meshing tooth socket according to the axial clearance; determining an engagement plane according to the phase of the actual engagement tooth slot; and finally, calculating the plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure according to the meshing plane.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the phase is a circumferential rotation angle of the pair of slots with respect to a reference slot, that is, a slot corresponding to the y-axis in the assembly coordinate system, that is, a slot corresponding to k equal to 1.
According to the stress balance of the assembly disc under the action of gravity, the condition that at least three tooth sockets are contacted after the assembly is finished can be determined, and the phases of the three pairs of tooth sockets which are firstly contacted under a certain installation angle i are respectively k1、k2And k3When the number of teeth of the end-toothed disk is Z, i.e., the total number of phases is 2Z, k is1、k2、k3Satisfies the following conditions:
the above formula is k1、k2、k3The initial conditions of (1). K is known from the static balance of the mounting plate1、k2、k3Constraint 1 needs to be satisfied:
simplifying the meshing gullets to spatial points in the assembly coordinate system, which points are named fixed points, using
Is shown in which lx、ly、lzSatisfies the following conditions:
this results in 2Z fixation points. A plurality of sets of fixed points satisfying the constraint condition 1 can be solved according to equation (10), a plane equation Ax + By + Cz + D determined By the three fixed points in each set is calculated to be 0, and A, B, C, D is a coefficient of the plane equation. By giving ordinal number km(km≠k1、k2、k3) The x component and the y component of the fixed point coordinate corresponding to the meshing tooth socket are substituted into the plane equation to obtain
And satisfies the following conditions:
three fixed points which meet the constraint condition 2 are obtained according to the formula (13), and a plane equation determined by the three fixed points is obtained. After the meshing plane is obtained, the normal vector Z of the plane is calculatedf＝(xf,yf,zf). And calculating the plane inclination angle according to the normal vector of the meshing plane and the normal vector of the ideal meshing plane. The normal vector of an ideal plane under an absolute coordinate system of the end teeth is ZiThe mounting angle can be determined by calculating the lower plane (0,0,1)
The included angle between the ideal plane and the theta (namely the plane inclination angle of the end tooth structure) meets the following conditions:
theta＝<Zf,Zi> (14)
and S140, selecting the mounting angle corresponding to the minimum value of the plane inclination angle as the mounting angle of the end tooth connecting structure.
Specifically, the plane inclination angle of the assembled end tooth structure at each mounting angle can be obtained by step S130, and the plane inclination angle is used as the end face runout deviation result of the assembly disc, and the optimum assembly mounting angle is selected according to the result. Expressed by the formula:
F(theta)＝i[min(theta1,theta2,theta3...)]theta＝theta1,theta2,...,theta24 (15)
in the formula, thetamWhen the value is minimum, the corresponding installation angle is imAt the moment, the end face run-out deviation is minimum, namely the optimal angle of the end tooth connecting structure assembly is im. Since 24 mounting angles are assumed in the present embodiment, the mounting angle corresponding to the minimum value of the plane inclination angle is selected as the final mounting angle among the 24 mounting angles.
The process of the invention is illustrated below by way of a specific example, with the structural key characteristic parameters given in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Key characteristic parameters of end tooth Structure
And S110, collecting and processing the tooth surface feature point data of the end teeth.
And measuring the tooth surface, fitting the curved surface by using the measured point cloud data, and acquiring the space coordinates of the characterization points on each tooth surface. The measurement principle is shown in fig. 2, a curved surface is fitted according to the measurement data, and the spatial coordinates of the tooth surface characterization points shown in fig. 3 are calculated according to the formulas (1), (2) and (3), so that the coordinates of the partial tooth surface characterization points of the concave-convex teeth are obtained as shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 concave-convex tooth part tooth surface characterization point coordinates (mm)
Since each tooth has two flanks, each tooth number j in all the above tables has two coordinate values.
Step S120, calculating the offset distance of the meshing tooth grooves on the concave toothed disc 30 and the convex toothed disc 20.
The desired axial displacement of the corresponding mating gullets relative to the desired assembly position required to effect contact is calculated. Referring to table 1, the end tooth structure parameters are calculated by using the data in table 2 as input and using equations (4) to (8) to calculate the ideal axial displacements of all the correspondingly engaged tooth slots at each installation angle relative to the ideal fitting positions required to achieve their respective contact, according to the mechanism shown in fig. 4 and 5, and the detailed ideal axial displacements of each pair of tooth slots at the initial installation angle are shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 Ideal axial Displacement (mm) for each pair of tooth slots at initial installation Angle
And S130, calculating the plane inclination angle of the lower end tooth structure at each mounting angle.
And calculating the included angle between the fitting plane of the assembled end face and the ideal plane at each mounting angle. In the two constraint conditions shown in fig. 4, the phases of three pairs of tooth grooves in contact at each installation angle are calculated according to equations (9) to (13), the included angles between the planes determined by the three points and the ideal plane are calculated according to equations (14) and (15), and the calculated included angles reflect the inclination degree of the end face of the assembly disk in fig. 6, wherein 1,2 and 3 represent fixed points satisfying the two constraint conditions, 4, 5 and 6 represent other fixed points, the number of other fixed points is determined by the number of teeth, only three schematic diagrams are listed here, dark shading represents a space plane determined by the fixed points satisfying the two constraint conditions, and light shading represents a triangular region determined by the three fixed points satisfying the two constraint conditions.
The phases of the three pairs of tooth grooves that are contacted after assembly at each installation angle and the plane inclination of the fitting plane to the ideal plane are shown in table 4 below.
TABLE 4 three-point phase and face Tilt
And taking the mounting angle with the minimum included angle between the fitting plane of the end surface of the table 4 and the ideal plane as the optimal assembly mounting angle. Through the calculation of all the assembling and mounting angle results, the optimal mounting angle is obtained to be 120 degrees (namely, the corresponding No. 9 in the table 4), and under the angle, the included angle between the fitting plane of the end face and the ideal plane is the minimum, so that the optimal mounting angle under the current end tooth connecting structure can be considered, and the method meets the requirements of empirical expectation and the assembling process.
The invention provides an optimization method for the assembling and mounting angles of a circular-arc end tooth bolt connecting structure considering the tooth surface morphology, which is characterized in that an end tooth disc end face run-out deviation calculation model considering the meshing of a plurality of pairs of tooth grooves and an end tooth assembling and mounting angle selection method are established by collecting the tooth surface characteristic data of end teeth, so that a solution is provided for solving the problem that the assembling process of the end tooth connecting structure lacks a theoretical basis, an assembling operator is helped to accurately calculate the optimal assembling and mounting angle of the end tooth connecting structure, and the theoretical basis is provided for the optimization of the assembling process of the end tooth bolt.
According to the method for optimizing the assembling and mounting angles of the arc-shaped end tooth connecting structure considering the tooth surface morphology, the characteristic point coordinates of the tooth surface of the end tooth are collected by a high-precision and high-efficiency measuring method to serve as input; and performing fitting calculation on the end tooth surface feature point cloud data, and solving the ideal axial displacement of the relative and ideal assembly positions required by the contact of all the corresponding meshed tooth sockets under each installation angle.
When an enterprise adjusts the assembling and mounting angle of the end tooth connecting structure of the aeroengine, marks are made on the excircle of the end tooth structure so as to clarify the circumferential mounting position of the end tooth connecting structure. In order to facilitate calculation of assembling results of different installation angles, the concave fluted disc 30 is taken as an assembling reference disc, the initial assembling position is taken as the No. 1 assembling and installing angle position, the same phase tooth socket pair of the concave-convex fluted disc fixed at the assembling and installing angle position 1 is taken as the No. 1 tooth socket pair phase position, and the assembling and installing angle positions are gradually increased one by one along the positive direction of the z axis under an assembling coordinate system; and simultaneously, based on the reference of the assembly reference disc, the tooth grooves at the lower end of each assembly position are gradually increased one by one along the positive direction of the z axis under the assembly coordinate system. Analyzing the contact condition of the tooth surface of the end tooth, and calculating the ideal axial displacement of the relative and ideal assembly positions required by the realization of the respective contact of all the correspondingly meshed tooth sockets at each mounting angle; and calculating through two constraint conditions to obtain phases which are firstly contacted with three pairs of tooth sockets and a plane equation of the three pairs of tooth sockets determined in space, calculating an included angle between the plane and an ideal xoy plane according to the plane equation of the three pairs of tooth sockets determined in space, and selecting an optimal assembly and installation angle of the end tooth connecting structure according to the calculated included angle. And calculating the result of all the assembly and installation angles to obtain the optimal installation angle.
Calculating in the four steps, respectively acquiring and processing end tooth surface characteristic point cloud data, establishing an end face run-out deviation model under the meshing of a single pair of tooth grooves considering end teeth, establishing an end tooth disc end face run-out deviation model considering the meshing of a plurality of pairs of tooth grooves and an optimization method of an end tooth connecting structure installation angle, and acquiring characteristic point coordinates of the end tooth surface as input; fitting calculation is carried out on the end tooth surface feature point cloud data, and ideal axial displacement of all corresponding meshed tooth sockets at each installation angle relative to ideal assembly positions required by respective contact is solved; analyzing the contact condition of the tooth surface of the end tooth, and calculating the ideal axial displacement of the relative and ideal assembly positions required by the realization of the respective contact of all the correspondingly meshed tooth sockets at each mounting angle; calculating through two constraint conditions to obtain phases which are actually contacted with three pairs of tooth sockets firstly and a plane equation determined in space by the three pairs of tooth sockets, and calculating an included angle between the plane and an ideal xoy plane; and establishing an optimal method for selecting and optimizing the assembling and mounting angles of the end tooth connecting structure, and selecting the optimal assembling and mounting angles of the end tooth connecting structure according to the calculated included angle. And calculating the result of all the assembly and installation angles to obtain the optimal installation angle.
The invention also discloses an end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimizing device considering the tooth surface morphology, which comprises the following steps of: the acquisition module is used for acquiring tooth surface point cloud data of the end tooth connecting structure and determining a tooth surface representation point of each tooth surface in the end tooth connecting structure according to the point cloud data; the calculation module is used for calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth socket in the end tooth connecting structure according to the tooth surface characterization points; the determining module is used for determining a plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure corresponding to each mounting angle according to the axial offset distance; and the selection module is used for selecting the mounting angle corresponding to the minimum value of the plane inclination angle as the mounting angle of the end tooth connecting structure.
It should be noted that, for the information interaction, execution process, and other contents between the modules of the apparatus, the specific functions and technical effects of the embodiments of the method are based on the same concept, and thus reference may be made to the section of the embodiments of the method specifically, and details are not described here.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the foregoing division of the functional modules is merely illustrated, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be performed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional modules to perform all or part of the above described functions. Each functional module in the embodiments may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated in one unit, and the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or in a form of software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional modules are only used for distinguishing one functional module from another, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the system may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The invention also discloses an end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimizing device considering the tooth surface morphology, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimizing method considering the tooth surface morphology when executing the computer program.
The device can be a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, a cloud server and other computing equipment. The apparatus may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the apparatus may include more or fewer components, or some components in combination, or different components, and may also include, for example, input-output devices, network access devices, etc.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory may in some embodiments be an internal storage unit of the device, such as a hard disk or a memory of the device. The memory may also be an external storage device of the apparatus in other embodiments, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), etc. provided on the apparatus. Further, the memory may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the apparatus. The memory is used for storing an operating system, application programs, a BootLoader (BootLoader), data, and other programs, such as program codes of the computer programs. The memory may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described or illustrated in a certain embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative modules and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimization method considering tooth surface morphology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring tooth surface point cloud data of an end tooth connecting structure, and determining a tooth surface representation point of each tooth surface in the end tooth connecting structure according to the point cloud data;
calculating the axial offset distance of a meshing tooth socket in the end tooth connecting structure according to the tooth surface characterization points;
determining a plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure corresponding to each mounting angle according to the axial offset distance;
and selecting the mounting angle corresponding to the minimum value of the plane inclination angle as the mounting angle of the end tooth connecting structure.
2. The method of optimizing an angle of attack of an end-tooth joint configuration taking into account flank topography according to claim 1, wherein calculating an axial offset distance of a tooth space in the end-tooth joint configuration from the flank characterization points comprises:
calculating a first distance between two tooth surface characterization points of each groove in a concave fluted disc of the end tooth connecting structure and a second distance between two tooth surface characterization points of each tooth in a convex fluted disc of the end tooth connecting structure;
calculating the circumferential displacement of the meshing tooth socket of the end tooth connecting structure according to the first distance and the second distance;
and calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth groove according to the circumferential displacement of the meshing tooth groove.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining a planar rake angle of the end tooth connection structure for each installation angle based on the axial offset distance comprises:
calculating the axial clearance of each meshing tooth groove;
selecting the phase of the actual meshing tooth socket according to the axial clearance;
determining an engagement plane according to the phase of the actual engagement tooth slot;
and calculating the plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure according to the meshing plane.
4. The method of optimizing an assembly setting angle of an end-tooth joint structure taking into account a tooth flank topography according to claim 3, wherein calculating a plane inclination angle of the end-tooth joint structure based on the meshing plane comprises:
calculating a normal vector of the engagement plane;
and calculating the plane inclination angle according to the normal vector of the meshing plane and the normal vector of the ideal meshing plane.
5. The method of optimizing an assembly setting angle of an end-tooth joint structure considering a tooth flank profile according to claim 3 or 4, wherein determining a meshing plane based on the phase of the actual meshing tooth slot comprises:
determining a tooth surface characterization point according to the phase of the meshing tooth socket;
and determining a meshing plane according to the tooth surface characterization points.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining tooth surface characterization points for each tooth surface of the end tooth connection based on the point cloud data comprises:
performing surface fitting according to the point cloud data to obtain a fitted tooth surface;
determining a space curve intersected by the fitting tooth surface and the corresponding pitch plane;
selecting a tooth surface characterization point on the space curve; and the distances between each tooth surface characterization point and the same point on the axis of the end tooth connecting structure are equal.
7. The method of optimizing an angle of attack of an end-tooth connection structure taking into account tooth flank topography of claim 6, wherein selecting a tooth flank characterization point on the space curve comprises:
determining a cylindrical surface by taking the axis of the end tooth connecting structure as an axis and taking R as a radius; wherein R ismin≤R≤Rmax，RminIs the inner diameter, R, of the end-tooth connecting structuremaxThe outer diameter of the end tooth connecting structure;
and taking the intersection point of the cylindrical surface and each space curve as the tooth surface characterization point.
8. The method for optimizing the fitting angle of an end-tooth connection structure considering the tooth surface topography according to claim 1, 6 or 7, wherein the tooth surface point cloud data is acquired by the following method:
and realizing coordinate acquisition of the tooth surface characteristic points of the single tooth in the end tooth connecting structure by adopting a free sweep algorithm.
9. An end tooth connecting structure assembling and mounting angle optimizing device considering tooth surface morphology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring tooth surface point cloud data of the end tooth connecting structure and determining a tooth surface representation point of each tooth surface in the end tooth connecting structure according to the point cloud data;
the calculation module is used for calculating the axial offset distance of the meshing tooth socket in the end tooth connecting structure according to the tooth surface characterization points;
the determining module is used for determining a plane inclination angle of the end tooth connecting structure corresponding to each mounting angle according to the axial offset distance;
and the selection module is used for selecting the mounting angle corresponding to the minimum value of the plane inclination angle as the mounting angle of the end tooth connecting structure.
10. An end-tooth joint structure make-up and installation angle optimization apparatus considering tooth flank topography, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements an end-tooth joint structure make-up and installation angle optimization method considering tooth flank topography as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.
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| CN114964038A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-30 | 武汉迈瑞科技有限公司 | Wear measurement method and device for multi-tooth cutting tool and wear evaluation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114964038A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-30 | 武汉迈瑞科技有限公司 | Wear measurement method and device for multi-tooth cutting tool and wear evaluation method |
| CN114964038B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-08-08 | 武汉迈瑞科技有限公司 | Wear measurement method and device for multi-tooth cutting tool and wear evaluation method |
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