CN114355187A - Motor vibration power wave test extraction analysis method - Google Patents
Motor vibration power wave test extraction analysis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114355187A CN114355187A CN202111534572.4A CN202111534572A CN114355187A CN 114355187 A CN114355187 A CN 114355187A CN 202111534572 A CN202111534572 A CN 202111534572A CN 114355187 A CN114355187 A CN 114355187A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a motor vibration power wave test extraction and analysis method, wherein a unit motor interval is selected on the outer circle surface of a circular motor base or a stator core, a plurality of vibration test sensors are uniformly arranged along the same circumferential section line, when the sensors are installed, the vibration test direction is coincided with the normal direction of a test point, the sensors are connected with test equipment through data lines, then the motor is controlled to rotate to a rated speed, the vibration data of all the sensors in a certain time are measured and recorded, the analysis data of a vibration value (acceleration or speed) and time and space (sensor number) are established, and the analysis data are subjected to two-dimensional Fourier decomposition along the time and the space to obtain vibration level values under different force wave times and frequencies; the method has simple principle and convenient operation, and the result can effectively guide the vibration optimization analysis of the motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motor vibration noise analysis, and relates to a motor vibration force wave test extraction analysis method.
Background
In recent years, with the popularization of variable frequency motors in new energy automobiles, air conditioners and washing machines, people increasingly demand high-performance motors. Because most of vibration noise generated by the excitation force of the motor is in the human perception range, the performance of the vibration noise directly determines the human feeling, so that the research on the vibration of the motor increasingly draws the attention of researchers in some industrial fields, the influence of the quality of the vibration performance of the motor on the stealth performance of a submarine is large in some special fields such as the submarine electric propulsion field, and the analysis and research on the vibration characteristic of the motor are always important.
The electromagnetic force is the main vibration force causing the motor to vibrate, the excitation force is not only time quantum but also a space quantum, meanwhile, because the analysis of the motor vibration relates to a plurality of disciplines such as electromagnetism, structures, materials and the like, an analysis model is complex, a vibration calculation method is not mature, and verification and perfection through a test mode are urgently needed.
The existing motor vibration test method and test result have an obvious defect: the test result is vibration data based on spatial single-point frequency domain characteristics, and reflects that the vibration level of the point under the combined action of all force waves in a selected frequency domain cannot correspond to the spatial force waves. The calculation and analysis result is often the vibration level of a certain frequency corresponding to the force wave, obviously, the test result cannot directly correspond to the calculation result, and the requirement of the verification calculation method is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a method for testing, extracting and analyzing motor vibration power waves.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: 1. a method for testing, extracting and analyzing motor vibration power waves comprises the following steps
1) Arranging a motor to be tested on the vibration isolator, and taking a part with a circular outer surface in the motor to be tested as a test object;
2) determining the number of unit motors contained in the test motor to be N, and regarding an integer slot, the number of the unit motors is the number of pole pairs, and one pair of poles is a unit motor;
3) determining the diameter D of the outer circle of the surface of the test object, selecting a sector S at any position of the outer surface along the circumferential direction, wherein the coverage range of the sector S corresponds to an angle theta1：θ1=360°/N；
Selecting any section J along the axial direction of the stator core, wherein the section J corresponds to the section chord length L of the excircle of the sector S1：L1=π*D/N；
4) Along the chord length L1Using M points to calculate L from the starting point to the end point1Equally dividing the obtained object into (M-1) sections, and marking M points;
5) selecting M vibration sensors to be sequentially and correspondingly arranged at the M point position mark points, namely arranging the vibration sensors on the same excircle section line along the circumference;
6) the motor is rotated to the speed to be tested and stably operated, and vibration test data of the M vibration sensors in delta T time are recorded: the delta T is more than or equal to 8 s;
7) and arranging the data of the test result f (x, y) into the following two-dimensional format: the X axis is time, the Y axis is space points from 1 to M in sequence, and the obtained test result f (X, Y) is a matrix with the size of M multiplied by k, wherein M is the number of space samples, and k is the number of vibration samples in delta T time;
8) and 7) carrying out two-dimensional FFT decomposition and modulus solving on the test result of 7) along an X axis and a Y axis respectively to obtain the vibration level under the frequency corresponding to the frequency of the force wave, wherein the frequency of the force wave is related to the number of M.
The method for testing, extracting and analyzing the motor vibration power waves comprises the step 1) of testing a stator casing or a stator core.
In the method for testing, extracting and analyzing the motor vibration power wave, M vibration sensors in the step 5) are uniformly arranged in a sector interval corresponding to one unit motor, the vibration testing direction is coincided with the normal direction of a testing point, and M is more than or equal to 9.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the analysis method mainly utilizes the corresponding principle of the minimum non-zero force wave of the motor and the unit motor and the two-dimensional FFT decomposition principle, and the principle of the method is simple.
2, the analysis method does not need to transform or develop new equipment, only needs to use the existing equipment, arranges the sensors according to rules, and carries out secondary analysis on the test data, and is convenient to operate.
3, the analysis method of the invention can completely meet the analysis requirement of the motor researchers on the main vibration wave, and the result can effectively guide the vibration optimization analysis of the motor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an analysis object of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples to provide those skilled in the art with a better understanding of the present invention.
The invention discloses a method for testing, extracting and analyzing motor vibration power waves, which comprises the following steps
1) The motor to be tested is arranged on the vibration isolator, and the part of the motor to be tested, which is provided with the circular outer surface, is used as a test object, and the test object is preferably a stator shell or a stator core.
2) The number of unit motors included in the test motor is determined to be N, and for an integer slot, the number of the unit motors is a pole pair number, where N =8 is taken in this embodiment, and a pair of poles is a unit motor.
3) Determining the diameter D of the outer circle of the surface of the test object, selecting a sector S at any position of the outer surface along the circumferential direction, wherein the coverage range of the sector S corresponds to an angle theta1：θ1=360 °/N. In this embodiment, D =800mm is taken, and the angle of the stator sector corresponding to one pair of poles is θ1=45 °. Selecting any section J along the axial direction of the stator core, usually selecting an axial central plane, wherein the section J corresponds to the section chord length dimension L of the excircle of the sector S1：L1=π*D/N=314.2mm。
4) Along the chord length L1Using M points to calculate L from the starting point to the end point1Equally divided into (M-1) segments, M =9 is taken for this example, and 9 points are marked, as shown in fig. 1.
5) And selecting 9 vibration sensors to be sequentially and correspondingly arranged at the mark points at the 9 points, namely the vibration sensors are arranged on the same excircle section line along the circumference. Wherein 9 vibration sensors are uniformly arranged in a sector interval corresponding to a unit motor, and the vibration test direction is coincided with the normal direction of the test point.
6) The motor is rotated to the speed to be measured and stably runs, and vibration test data of the 9 vibration sensors in delta T time are recorded: delta T is more than or equal to 8s, and 10s is taken in the embodiment.
7) And arranging the data of the test result f (x, y) into the following two-dimensional format: the X axis is time, the Y axis is space points from 1 to M in sequence, the obtained test result f (X, Y) is a matrix with the size of M × k, M is the number of space samples, k is the number of vibration samples within Δ T time, and the test result f (X, Y) is a matrix with the size of 9 × 1 × 1071 x 10 of7The total number of sampling points is time.
8) And 7) carrying out two-dimensional FFT decomposition and modulus solving on the test result of 7) along an X axis and a Y axis respectively to obtain the vibration level under the frequency corresponding to the frequency of the force wave, wherein the frequency of the force wave is related to the number of M.
The vibration level under the frequency corresponding to the frequency of the force wave is obtained, and the results of 2-frequency-doubled vibration levels correspondingly generated by the zero-order force wave and the second-order force wave (corresponding to the 16-order motor) can be respectively expressed as: i (0, 2 f)1)，I(2，2f1) And I is velocity or acceleration.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for testing, extracting and analyzing motor vibration power waves is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps
1) Arranging a motor to be tested on the vibration isolator, and taking a part with a circular outer surface in the motor to be tested as a test object;
2) determining the number of unit motors contained in the test motor to be N;
3) determining the measurementSelecting a sector S at any position of the outer surface along the circumferential direction, wherein the sector S corresponds to an angle theta1：θ1=360°/N；
Selecting any section J along the axial direction of the stator core, wherein the section J corresponds to the section chord length L of the excircle of the sector S1：L1=π*D/N；
4) Along the chord length L1Using M points to measure L from the initial point to the end point1Equally dividing the obtained object into (M-1) sections, and marking M points;
5) selecting M vibration sensors to be arranged at the mark points;
6) the motor is rotated to the speed to be tested and stably operated, and vibration test data of the M vibration sensors in delta T time are recorded: the delta T is more than or equal to 8 s;
7) and arranging the data of the test result f (x, y) into a two-dimensional format: the X axis is time, the Y axis is space points from 1 to M in sequence, and the obtained test result f (X, Y) is a matrix with the size of M multiplied by k, wherein k is the vibration sampling number in delta T time;
8) and performing two-dimensional FFT decomposition and modulus solving on the test result along the X axis and the Y axis respectively to obtain the vibration level under the frequency corresponding to the frequency of the force wave.
2. The method for extracting and analyzing the motor vibration power wave test according to claim 1, wherein the test object in the step 1) is a stator casing or a stator core.
3. The method for testing, extracting and analyzing the motor vibration power waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the vibration testing direction of the M vibration sensors is coincident with the normal direction of the testing point, and M is more than or equal to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111534572.4A CN114355187A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Motor vibration power wave test extraction analysis method |
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| CN202111534572.4A CN114355187A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Motor vibration power wave test extraction analysis method |
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