CN114354263B - Hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multi-layer water areas and method thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multi-layer water areas and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114354263B CN114354263B CN202210017574.4A CN202210017574A CN114354263B CN 114354263 B CN114354263 B CN 114354263B CN 202210017574 A CN202210017574 A CN 202210017574A CN 114354263 B CN114354263 B CN 114354263B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multiple layers of water areas and a method thereof, which relate to the technical field of hydraulic engineering and aim to solve the technical problems that the water quality sampling device is inconvenient to accurately sample different water layers of different water areas, is inconvenient to sample bottom water and bottom mud at one time, further causes one surface of sampling data points and causes large detection data errors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting a plurality of layers of water areas and a method thereof.
Background
In the modern day, due to the continuous development of social and economic technologies, the water conservancy connotation is also expanded in 1933, and the resolution of the third annual meeting of the China hydraulic engineering society has been clearly pointed out: the water conservancy range includes eight projects including flood control, drainage, irrigation, waterpower, water course, water supply, sewage canal and harbor work. "Hydraulic power" refers to water energy utilization, and "sewage channel" refers to town water drainage. The water conservation system enters the second half of the 20 th century, and new contents such as water and soil conservation, water resource protection, environmental water conservation, water conservation fishery and the like are added in the water conservation, so that the meaning of the water conservation is wider.
However, the existing hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device is inconvenient and flexible to accurately sample different water layers in different water areas, so that sampling points are few, sampling data are not accurate enough, the bottom water and bottom mud are inconvenient to sample once, sampling data are further caused, and detection data errors are large.
To solve the above problems. Therefore, a hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting a plurality of layers of water areas and a method thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multi-layer water areas and a method thereof, wherein a first rolling mechanism and a second rolling mechanism are symmetrically arranged on a supporting box, the structures of the first rolling mechanism and the second rolling mechanism are identical, a transmission adjusting mechanism is arranged in the middle of the upper end of a supporting balancing weight, and a surface water sampling mechanism, an upper water sampling mechanism, a middle water sampling mechanism, a lower water sampling mechanism and a bottom water sampling mechanism are sequentially arranged at the output end of the first rolling mechanism, so that the problems in the background art can be solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting in a multi-layer water area comprises a supporting box and a supporting balancing weight arranged at the upper end of the supporting box, wherein the supporting box is also symmetrically provided with a first winding mechanism and a second winding mechanism, the first winding mechanism and the second winding mechanism are identical in structure composition, the middle part of the upper end of the supporting balancing weight is provided with a transmission adjusting mechanism, the output end of the first winding mechanism is sequentially provided with a surface water sampling mechanism, an upper water sampling mechanism, a middle water sampling mechanism, a lower water sampling mechanism and a bottom water sampling mechanism, and the surface water sampling mechanism, the upper water sampling mechanism, the middle water sampling mechanism and the lower water sampling mechanism are identical in structure composition;
the first winding mechanism comprises an extension supporting rod and a first bearing arranged at one end of the extension supporting rod, a winding disc is arranged on an inner ring of the first bearing, a winding traction rope is wound on the winding disc, and a hand rocker is further arranged at one end of the winding disc.
Further, the transmission adjusting mechanism comprises a support frame and fastening screws arranged on one side of the support frame, the support frame is further provided with a rotary connecting rod, the rotary flexibility of the rotary connecting rod on the support frame can be controlled by rotating the fastening screws, one end, far away from the support frame, of the rotary connecting rod is provided with a second bearing, the inner side of the second bearing is movably provided with connecting balls, the connecting balls are two, and a second reset spring is arranged between the connecting balls.
Further, one end of the winding disc, which is far away from the first bearing, is provided with a connecting sleeve, the inner side of the connecting sleeve is provided with a hexagonal connecting block, and the hexagonal connecting block is matched with a groove formed in the outer side of the connecting ball.
Further, the surface water sampling mechanism comprises a water body collecting barrel and a first adjusting clamping assembly arranged in the middle of the upper end of the water body collecting barrel, one side of the water body collecting barrel is further provided with a traction opening and closing assembly, the upper end of the traction opening and closing assembly is provided with a second adjusting clamping assembly, and the first adjusting clamping assembly and the second adjusting clamping assembly are identical in structure.
Further, the first clamping component that adjusts includes to link up the lantern ring and set up the first hoop that embraces in linking up the lantern ring inboard, the one end of first hoop that embraces is articulated through the one end activity of bolt and second hoop, and the other end of first hoop and second hoop that embraces is provided with first reset spring, the other end and the linking lantern ring fixed connection of first reset spring, still be provided with adjusting screw on the linking lantern ring, adjusting screw's output is provided with the clamp adjustment spare, the triangular groove has been seted up to the clamp adjustment spare, the triangular groove is located the one end both sides of first hoop and second hoop that embraces.
Further, pull the subassembly that opens and shuts including running through the armature piece and setting up the closure plate in running through armature piece one side, the water inlet of closure plate closure water collecting vessel seting up is provided with extrusion spring for with the closure plate extrusion reset, and then seal the water inlet, prevent that water collecting vessel from moving the water of other water layers when in water and get into, the second is adjusted the clamping assembly and is installed on the closure plate, and the second is adjusted the clamping assembly and be used for the rolling haulage rope on the second winding mechanism, also be convenient for with the synchronous regulation of top layer water sampling mechanism.
Further, bottom water sampling mechanism includes bottom water collecting vessel and sets up at the inboard second balancing weight of bottom water collecting vessel, and the inboard upper end of bottom water collecting vessel still is provided with and links up the enclosure piece, links up the lower extreme of enclosure piece and is provided with third reset spring, links up the lower extreme of enclosure piece and still is provided with the bed mud collection subassembly, and the bed mud collection subassembly runs through bottom water collecting vessel.
Further, the sediment collection assembly comprises a transmission rod and a sediment collection bin arranged at the lower end of the transmission rod, the sediment collection bin is of a conical structure, and the upper end of the sediment collection bin is provided with a closed rubber ring.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: the implementation method of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting the multi-layer water areas comprises the following steps:
s1: the winding traction rope is integrally placed under water, the water depth of a point to be sampled is measured through the winding traction rope, and then manual marking is carried out;
s2: the rotary connecting rod is rotated, so that the connecting ball is pushed between the connecting sleeves, the connecting ball is compressed at the moment, when the grooves formed in the connecting ball are matched with the hexagonal connecting blocks, pushing is stopped, and at the moment, the fastening screw is screwed, so that the rotary connecting rod is fixed;
s3: the first adjusting clamping assembly and the second adjusting clamping assembly are simultaneously opened, then the surface water sampling mechanism, the upper water sampling mechanism, the middle water sampling mechanism and the lower water sampling mechanism are evenly divided according to the water depth measured in the earlier stage from the bottom water sampling mechanism, the sampling mechanisms are sequentially placed into water while being adjusted from bottom to top, and the sampling mechanisms are clamped and fixed through the first adjusting clamping assembly and the second adjusting clamping assembly;
s4: after the bottom water sampling mechanism is put to the bottom, then the transmission adjusting mechanism is opened, at the moment, the second rolling mechanism can be independently rotated, so that the rolling traction rope is pulled to penetrate through the connecting piece to move upwards, the sealing plate is driven to move upwards, the opening of the water body collecting barrel is opened, at the moment, water corresponding to the water layer enters the inside of the water body collecting barrel, after a moment, the second rolling mechanism is reversely rotated, the sealing plate is downwards moved by the extrusion spring, the opening of the water body collecting barrel is sealed, and the collection of water corresponding to the water layer is completed;
s5: finally, the transmission adjusting mechanism is connected, and the bottom water sampling mechanism, the surface water sampling mechanism, the upper water sampling mechanism, the middle water sampling mechanism and the lower water sampling mechanism are collected at one time, so that multi-water layer sampling is completed.
Further, in S3 when carrying bottom water sampling mechanism to the under water, this moment under the action of the gravity of second balancing weight, make the rolling haulage rope pull and link up the upper end opening that the closure piece will bottom water collecting vessel and seal, and at the same time, seal the rubber circle again and seal the lower extreme opening of bottom water collecting vessel, guarantee that bottom water sampling mechanism does not have water to get into before reaching the bottom, when bottom water sampling mechanism reached the bottom, bottom water collecting vessel is supported by the bottom this moment, link up the closure piece and move down under the reset effect of third reset spring, and then open the opening of bottom water collecting vessel, bottom water gets into, meanwhile, bottom mud collecting vessel inserts soft bottom mud, and have partial bottom mud flow to collect inside the storehouse, accomplish the collection of bottom water and bottom mud, when upwards pulling bottom water sampling mechanism, the same reason, the upper and lower opening of bottom water collecting vessel is all sealed, and bottom mud is also sealed in bottom mud collecting vessel, once only alright collect bottom water and bottom mud.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting water in multiple layers and a method thereof, wherein a surface water sampling mechanism, an upper water sampling mechanism, a middle water sampling mechanism, a lower water sampling mechanism and a bottom water sampling mechanism are arranged in water after being set according to water layers, a second rolling mechanism is independently rotated at the moment, a rolling traction rope is pulled to move upwards through a connecting piece, a sealing plate is driven to move upwards, an opening of a water body collecting barrel is opened, water corresponding to the water layers enters the water body collecting barrel at the moment, after a moment, the second rolling mechanism is reversely rotated, a pressing spring is enabled to move the sealing plate downwards, the opening of the water body collecting barrel is further sealed, the water corresponding to the water layers is collected, water of the surface layers, the upper layers, the middle layers and the lower layers can be collected according to different water layers, the water sample collected at one time is more, and the accuracy of detection data is improved.
2. According to the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting the multilayer water area and the method thereof, when the bottom water sampling mechanism is conveyed underwater, the winding traction rope is led to draw the sealing piece to seal the upper end opening of the bottom water collecting barrel under the action of the gravity of the second balancing weight, meanwhile, the sealing rubber ring seals the lower end opening of the bottom water collecting barrel, the bottom water sampling mechanism is guaranteed not to enter water before bottom, when the bottom water sampling mechanism reaches the bottom, the bottom water collecting barrel is supported by the bottom, the sealing piece is led to move downwards under the reset effect of the third reset spring, the opening of the bottom water collecting barrel is opened, bottom water enters, meanwhile, the bottom mud collecting bin is inserted into soft bottom mud, part of bottom mud flows into the bottom mud collecting bin to collect bottom water and bottom mud, when the bottom water sampling mechanism is pulled upwards, the upper opening and the lower opening of the bottom water collecting barrel are sealed, the bottom mud is sealed in the bottom mud collecting bin, the structure design is ingenious, the bottom water and the bottom mud can be collected once, and the collected water and the bottom mud can not mix with other water layers stably, and the accuracy of the water layer is improved.
3. According to the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multi-layer water areas and the method thereof, when the first winding mechanism and the second winding mechanism are required to rotate simultaneously, the rotating connecting rod is rotated, so that the connecting ball is pushed between the connecting sleeves, the connecting ball is compressed at the moment, when the grooves formed in the connecting ball are matched with the hexagonal connecting blocks, pushing is stopped, the fastening screw is screwed at the moment, the rotating connecting rod is further fixed, and at the moment, the first winding mechanism and the second winding mechanism are connected through the connecting ball, so that the rotating first winding mechanism can drive the second winding mechanism to synchronously rotate, and the two winding traction ropes can move up and down simultaneously.
4. According to the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting the multi-layer water area and the method thereof, the clamping adjusting piece can be driven to move downwards by rotating the adjusting screw, so that one ends of the first hoop and the second hoop are extruded by the clamping adjusting piece under the cooperation of the triangular groove, the first hoop and the second hoop are further tightened, the winding traction rope is further clamped, and the surface water sampling mechanism is fixed at the set position of the winding traction rope.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall perspective structure of a hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multiple layers of water areas;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the water sampling device for hydraulic engineering, which can collect water in multiple layers, in a whole and partial water inlet detection state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a first winding mechanism of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multiple layers of water areas;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of a surface water sampling mechanism of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting a plurality of layers of water areas;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal plane structure of the surface water sampling mechanism of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multiple layers of water areas;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a perspective structure of an adjusting screw and a clamping adjusting piece of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting a plurality of layers of water areas;
FIG. 7 is a schematic drawing showing a three-dimensional structure of a pulling opening and closing assembly of the hydraulic engineering water sampling device capable of collecting multi-layer water areas;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a perspective structure of a rotary joint rod of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multiple layers of water areas;
FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a rotary engagement rod of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of carrying out multi-layer water area collection, which is used for engaging a first winding mechanism and a second winding mechanism;
FIG. 10 is a schematic drawing showing the traction state of the bottom water sampling mechanism of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multiple layers of water areas;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the bottom water sampling mechanism of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting water in multiple layers.
In the figure: 1. a supporting box; 2. a first winding mechanism; 21. extending the support rod; 22. a first bearing; 23. a reel; 24. winding a traction rope; 25. a hand rocker; 26. a connecting sleeve; 261. a hexagonal joint block; 3. a second winding mechanism; 4. a transmission adjusting mechanism; 41. a support frame; 42. a fastening screw; 43. rotating the connecting rod; 44. a second bearing; 45. a connecting ball; 46. a second return spring; 5. a surface water sampling mechanism; 51. a water body collecting barrel; 52. a first adjustment clamp assembly; 521. a connecting sleeve ring; 522. the first hoop ring; 523. the second hoop ring; 524. a first return spring; 525. an adjusting screw; 526. clamping the adjusting piece; 53. traction opening and closing assembly; 531. penetrating the connecting piece; 532. a closing plate; 533. extruding a spring; 54. a second adjustment clamping assembly; 6. a supernatant sampling mechanism; 7. a middle layer water sampling mechanism; 8. a lower water sampling mechanism; 9. a bottom water sampling mechanism; 91. a bottom water collecting barrel; 92. a second balancing weight; 93. joining the sealing sheets; 94. a third return spring; 95. a substrate sludge collection assembly; 951. a transmission rod; 952. a bottom mud collecting bin; 953. and closing the rubber ring.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting in a multi-layer water area comprises a supporting box 1 and a supporting counterweight 11 arranged at the upper end of the supporting box 1, wherein a first winding mechanism 2 and a second winding mechanism 3 are symmetrically arranged on the supporting box 1, the first winding mechanism 2 and the second winding mechanism 3 are identical in structure, a transmission adjusting mechanism 4 is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the supporting counterweight 11, a surface water sampling mechanism 5, an upper water sampling mechanism 6, a middle water sampling mechanism 7, a lower water sampling mechanism 8 and a bottom water sampling mechanism 9 are sequentially arranged at the output end of the first winding mechanism 2, and the surface water sampling mechanism 5, the upper water sampling mechanism 6, the middle water sampling mechanism 7 and the lower water sampling mechanism 8 are identical in structure.
The first winding mechanism 2 comprises an extension supporting rod 21 and a first bearing 22 arranged at one end of the extension supporting rod 21, a winding disc 23 is arranged on the inner ring of the first bearing 22, a winding traction rope 24 is wound on the winding disc 23, and a hand rocker 25 is further arranged at one end of the winding disc 23.
In order to solve the technical problems that the existing water layers which are inconvenient and flexible to carry out accurate sampling on different water areas lead to fewer sampling points and inaccurate sampling data, please refer to fig. 4-9, the following technical scheme is provided:
the transmission adjusting mechanism 4 comprises a support frame 41 and fastening screws 42 arranged on one side of the support frame 41, the support frame 41 is further provided with a rotary joint rod 43, the rotary flexibility of the rotary joint rod 43 on the support frame 41 can be controlled through the rotary fastening screws 42, one end, far away from the support frame 41, of the rotary joint rod 43 is provided with a second bearing 44, the inner side of the second bearing 44 is movably provided with two connecting balls 45, and a second reset spring 46 is arranged between the two connecting balls 45.
The end of the rolling disc 23 far away from the first bearing 22 is provided with a connecting sleeve 26, the inner side of the connecting sleeve 26 is provided with a hexagonal connecting block 261, and the hexagonal connecting block 261 is matched with a groove formed in the outer side of the connecting ball 45.
Specifically, when the first winding mechanism 2 and the second winding mechanism 3 need to rotate simultaneously, the rotating connecting rod 43 rotates, so that the connecting ball 45 is pushed between the connecting sleeves 26, the connecting ball 45 is compressed at the moment, when the grooves formed by the connecting ball 45 are matched with the hexagonal connecting blocks 261, pushing is stopped, the fastening screw 42 is screwed at the moment, the rotating connecting rod 43 is further fixed, at the moment, the first winding mechanism 2 and the second winding mechanism 3 are connected through the connecting ball 45, the first winding mechanism 2 can drive the second winding mechanism 3 to rotate synchronously, and the two winding traction ropes 24 can move up and down simultaneously.
The surface water sampling mechanism 5 comprises a water body collecting barrel 51 and a first adjusting clamping assembly 52 arranged in the middle of the upper end of the water body collecting barrel 51, wherein one side of the water body collecting barrel 51 is further provided with a traction opening and closing assembly 53, the upper end of the traction opening and closing assembly 53 is provided with a second adjusting clamping assembly 54, and the first adjusting clamping assembly 52 and the second adjusting clamping assembly 54 have the same structural composition.
The first adjusting and clamping assembly 52 comprises a connecting collar 521 and a first hoop-holding ring 522 arranged on the inner side of the connecting collar 521, one end of the first hoop-holding ring 522 is movably hinged with one end of a second hoop-holding ring 523 through a bolt, the other ends of the first hoop-holding ring 522 and the second hoop-holding ring 523 are provided with a first reset spring 524, the other ends of the first reset spring 524 are fixedly connected with the connecting collar 521, an adjusting screw 525 is further arranged on the connecting collar 521, the output end of the adjusting screw 525 is provided with a clamping adjusting piece 526, the clamping adjusting piece 526 is provided with triangular grooves, and the triangular grooves are located on two sides of one ends of the first hoop-holding ring 522 and the second hoop-holding ring 523.
Specifically, the rotation adjusting screw 525 may drive the clamping adjusting member 526 to move downward, and further under the cooperation of the triangular groove, the clamping adjusting member 526 may extrude one ends of the first clamping ring 522 and the second clamping ring 523, and further the first clamping ring 522 and the second clamping ring 523 may tighten, and further clamp the winding traction rope 24, so that the surface water sampling mechanism 5 is fixed at the set position of the winding traction rope 24.
The traction opening and closing assembly 53 comprises a penetrating connecting piece 531 and a sealing plate 532 arranged on one side of the penetrating connecting piece 531, the sealing plate 532 seals a water inlet formed in the water body collecting barrel 51, an extrusion spring 533 is arranged at the upper end of the sealing plate 532 and used for extruding and resetting the sealing plate 532 so as to seal the water inlet, water in other water layers is prevented from entering when the water body collecting barrel 51 moves in water, the second adjusting clamping assembly 54 is arranged on the sealing plate 532, and the second adjusting clamping assembly 54 is used for clamping the winding traction rope 24 on the second winding mechanism 3 and is convenient to synchronously adjust with the surface water sampling mechanism 5.
Specifically, after the surface water sampling mechanism 5, the upper water sampling mechanism 6, the middle water sampling mechanism 7, the lower water sampling mechanism 8 and the bottom water sampling mechanism 9 are set at the positions according to the water layer and put into water, the second winding mechanism 3 is independently rotated at the moment, and then the winding traction rope 24 is pulled to penetrate through the connecting piece 531 to move upwards, and then the sealing plate 532 is driven to move upwards, so that the opening of the water collecting barrel 51 is opened, at the moment, the water corresponding to the water layer enters the inside of the water collecting barrel 51, after a moment, the second winding mechanism 3 is reversely rotated, so that the sealing plate 532 is downwards moved by the extrusion spring 533, the opening of the water collecting barrel 51 is further sealed, the collection of the water corresponding to the water layer is completed, and a plurality of water samples can be collected at one time according to different water areas, so that the accuracy of detection data is improved.
In order to solve the technical problem that the existing method is inconvenient to sample the bottom water and the bottom mud once, further causes the sampling data point to be on one side, and causes the detection data error to be large, please refer to fig. 2 and 10-11, the following technical scheme is provided:
the bottom water sampling mechanism 9 comprises a bottom water collecting barrel 91 and a second balancing weight 92 arranged on the inner side of the bottom water collecting barrel 91, a connecting sealing piece 93 is further arranged at the upper end of the inner side of the bottom water collecting barrel 91, a third reset spring 94 is arranged at the lower end of the connecting sealing piece 93, a bottom mud collecting assembly 95 is further arranged at the lower end of the connecting sealing piece 93, and the bottom mud collecting assembly 95 penetrates through the bottom water collecting barrel 91.
The sediment collection assembly 95 comprises a transmission rod 951 and a sediment collection bin 952 arranged at the lower end of the transmission rod 951, wherein the sediment collection bin 952 is of a conical structure, and a closed rubber ring 953 is arranged at the upper end of the sediment collection bin 952.
Specifically, when carrying bottom water sampling mechanism 9 under water, this moment under the action of the gravity of second balancing weight 92, make rolling haulage rope 24 pull link up and seal piece 93 with the upper end opening of bottom water collecting vessel 91 closed, meanwhile, seal rubber circle 953 seals bottom water collecting vessel 91's lower extreme opening again, guarantee that bottom water sampling mechanism 9 does not have water to get into before the end, when bottom water sampling mechanism 9 arrives the bottom, bottom water collecting vessel 91 is supported by the bottom this moment, link up and seal piece 93 and move down at the reset effect of third reset spring 94, and then open bottom water collecting vessel 91's opening, bottom water gets into, meanwhile, bottom mud collecting bin 952 inserts soft bottom mud, and have partial bottom mud flow into bottom mud collecting bin 952 inside, accomplish the collection of bottom water and bottom mud, when upwards pulling bottom water sampling mechanism 9, the upper and lower opening of bottom water collecting vessel 91 is all sealed, and bottom mud is also sealed in bottom mud collecting bin 952, structural design is ingenious, once only alright collect bottom water and bottom mud, moreover, the water layer that can not mix with other water layer, the accuracy and stability are improved.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: the implementation method of the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting the multi-layer water areas comprises the following steps:
step one: the winding traction rope 24 is integrally placed under water, the water depth of a point to be sampled is measured through the winding traction rope 24, and then manual marking is carried out;
step two: rotating the rotary joint rod 43 to push the joint ball 45 to the joint sleeve 26, compressing the joint ball 45, stopping pushing when the groove formed by the joint ball 45 is matched with the hexagonal joint block 261, screwing the fastening screw 42 again, and fixing the rotary joint rod 43;
step three: the first adjusting clamping assembly 52 and the second adjusting clamping assembly 54 are simultaneously opened, then the surface water sampling mechanism 5, the upper water sampling mechanism 6, the middle water sampling mechanism 7 and the lower water sampling mechanism 8 are evenly divided according to the water depth measured in the earlier stage from the bottom water sampling mechanism 9, the sampling mechanisms are sequentially put into water while being adjusted from bottom to top, and are clamped and fixed through the first adjusting clamping assembly 52 and the second adjusting clamping assembly 54;
step four: after the bottom water sampling mechanism 9 is put to the bottom, the transmission adjusting mechanism 4 is opened, at the moment, the second rolling mechanism 3 can be independently rotated, so that the rolling traction rope 24 is pulled to move upwards through the connecting piece 531, the sealing plate 532 is driven to move upwards, the opening of the water collecting barrel 51 is opened, at the moment, water corresponding to the water layer enters the water collecting barrel 51, after a moment, the second rolling mechanism 3 is reversely rotated, the sealing plate 532 is moved downwards by the extrusion spring 533, the opening of the water collecting barrel 51 is sealed, and the collection of water corresponding to the water layer is completed;
step five: finally, the transmission adjusting mechanism 4 is connected, and the surface water sampling mechanism 5, the upper water sampling mechanism 6, the middle water sampling mechanism 7 and the lower water sampling mechanism 8 of the bottom water sampling mechanism 9 are collected at one time, so that multi-water layer sampling is completed.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention by making equivalents and modifications to the technical solution and the inventive concept thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting in multi-layer water areas is characterized by comprising a supporting box (1) and a supporting balancing weight (11) arranged at the upper end of the supporting box (1), wherein a first winding mechanism (2) and a second winding mechanism (3) are symmetrically arranged on the supporting box (1), the structures of the first winding mechanism (2) and the second winding mechanism (3) are identical, a transmission adjusting mechanism (4) is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the supporting balancing weight (11), a surface water sampling mechanism (5), an upper water sampling mechanism (6), a middle water sampling mechanism (7), a lower water sampling mechanism (8) and a bottom water sampling mechanism (9) are sequentially arranged at the output end of the first winding mechanism (2), and the structures of the surface water sampling mechanism (5), the upper water sampling mechanism (6), the middle water sampling mechanism (7) and the lower water sampling mechanism (8) are identical;
the first winding mechanism (2) comprises an extension supporting rod (21) and a first bearing (22) arranged at one end of the extension supporting rod (21), a winding disc (23) is arranged on the inner ring of the first bearing (22), a winding traction rope (24) is wound on the winding disc (23), and a hand rocker (25) is further arranged at one end of the winding disc (23);
the transmission adjusting mechanism (4) comprises a supporting frame (41) and fastening screws (42) arranged on one side of the supporting frame (41), a rotary joint rod (43) is further arranged on the supporting frame (41), the rotary flexibility of the rotary joint rod (43) on the supporting frame (41) can be controlled through the rotary fastening screws (42), a second bearing (44) is arranged at one end, far away from the supporting frame (41), of the rotary joint rod (43), joint balls (45) are movably arranged on the inner sides of the second bearings (44), two joint balls (45) are arranged, and a second reset spring (46) is arranged between the joint balls (45);
one end of the rolling disc (23) far away from the first bearing (22) is provided with a connecting sleeve (26), the inner side of the connecting sleeve (26) is provided with a hexagonal connecting block (261), and the hexagonal connecting block (261) is matched with a groove formed in the outer side of the connecting ball (45);
the surface water sampling mechanism (5) comprises a water body collecting barrel (51) and a first adjusting and clamping assembly (52) arranged in the middle of the upper end of the water body collecting barrel (51), a traction opening and closing assembly (53) is further arranged on one side of the water body collecting barrel (51), a second adjusting and clamping assembly (54) is arranged at the upper end of the traction opening and closing assembly (53), and the first adjusting and clamping assembly (52) and the second adjusting and clamping assembly (54) are identical in structure composition;
the traction opening and closing assembly (53) comprises a penetrating connecting piece (531) and a sealing plate (532) arranged on one side of the penetrating connecting piece (531), the sealing plate (532) seals a water inlet formed in the water body collecting barrel (51), an extrusion spring (533) is arranged at the upper end of the sealing plate (532) and used for extruding and resetting the sealing plate (532) to seal the water inlet, the second adjusting clamping assembly (54) is arranged on the sealing plate (532), and the second adjusting clamping assembly (54) is used for clamping a winding rope (24) on the second winding mechanism (3).
2. The hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multi-layer water areas according to claim 1, wherein the first adjusting clamping assembly (52) comprises a connecting sleeve ring (521) and a first hooping ring (522) arranged on the inner side of the connecting sleeve ring (521), one end of the first hooping ring (522) is movably hinged with one end of a second hooping ring (523) through a bolt, the other ends of the first hooping ring (522) and the second hooping ring (523) are provided with first reset springs (524), the other ends of the first reset springs (524) are fixedly connected with the connecting sleeve ring (521), adjusting screws (525) are further arranged on the connecting sleeve ring (521), the output ends of the adjusting screws (525) are provided with clamping adjusting pieces (526), triangular grooves are formed in two sides of one ends of the first hooping ring (522) and the second hooping ring (523).
3. The hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multi-layer water areas according to claim 1, wherein the bottom water sampling mechanism (9) comprises a bottom water collecting barrel (91) and a second balancing weight (92) arranged on the inner side of the bottom water collecting barrel (91), the upper end of the inner side of the bottom water collecting barrel (91) is further provided with a connecting sealing piece (93), the lower end of the connecting sealing piece (93) is provided with a third reset spring (94), the lower end of the connecting sealing piece (93) is further provided with a bottom mud collecting assembly (95), and the bottom mud collecting assembly (95) penetrates through the bottom water collecting barrel (91).
4. A hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting water in multiple layers according to claim 3, wherein the sediment collecting assembly (95) comprises a transmission rod (951) and a sediment collecting bin (952) arranged at the lower end of the transmission rod (951), the sediment collecting bin (952) is in a conical structure, and a closed rubber ring (953) is arranged at the upper end of the sediment collecting bin (952).
5. A method of implementing a hydraulic engineering water sampling device for multi-deck water collection according to claim 4, comprising the steps of:
s1: the winding traction rope (24) is integrally placed under water, the water depth of a point to be sampled is measured through the winding traction rope (24), and then manual marking is carried out;
s2: the rotary joint rod (43) is rotated, so that the joint ball (45) is pushed between the joint sleeves (26), the joint ball (45) is compressed at the moment, when the grooves formed in the joint ball (45) are matched with the hexagonal joint blocks (261), pushing is stopped, at the moment, the fastening screw (42) is screwed, and the rotary joint rod (43) is further fixed;
s3: the first adjusting clamping assembly (52) and the second adjusting clamping assembly (54) are simultaneously opened, then the surface water sampling mechanism (5), the upper water sampling mechanism (6), the middle water sampling mechanism (7) and the lower water sampling mechanism (8) are evenly divided according to the water depth measured in the earlier stage from the bottom water sampling mechanism (9), and the sampling mechanisms are sequentially placed into water while being adjusted from bottom to top and clamped and fixed through the first adjusting clamping assembly (52) and the second adjusting clamping assembly (54);
s4: after the bottom water sampling mechanism (9) is placed at the bottom, then the transmission adjusting mechanism (4) is opened, the second rolling mechanism (3) is independently rotated at the moment, the rolling traction rope (24) is pulled to penetrate through the connecting piece (531) to move upwards, the sealing plate (532) is driven to move upwards, the opening of the water body collecting barrel (51) is opened, water corresponding to the water layer enters the water body collecting barrel (51) at the moment, after a moment, the second rolling mechanism (3) is reversely rotated, the sealing plate (532) is moved downwards by the extrusion spring (533), the opening of the water body collecting barrel (51) is sealed, and water corresponding to the water layer is collected;
s5: finally, the transmission adjusting mechanism (4) is connected, and the bottom water sampling mechanism (9), the surface water sampling mechanism (5), the upper water sampling mechanism (6), the middle water sampling mechanism (7) and the lower water sampling mechanism (8) are collected at one time, so that multi-water layer sampling is completed.
6. The method for implementing the hydraulic engineering water quality sampling device capable of collecting multi-layer water areas according to claim 5, wherein in the step S3, when the bottom water sampling mechanism (9) is conveyed underwater, under the action of gravity of the second balancing weight (92), the winding traction rope (24) is used for traction and connection with the sealing piece (93) to seal the upper end opening of the bottom water collecting barrel (91), meanwhile, the sealing rubber ring (953) is used for sealing the lower end opening of the bottom water collecting barrel (91) again, so that no water enters before the bottom water sampling mechanism (9) reaches the bottom, when the bottom water sampling mechanism (9) reaches the bottom, the bottom water collecting barrel (91) is supported by the bottom, the connection sealing piece (93) moves downwards under the reset effect of the third reset spring (94), the opening of the bottom water collecting barrel (91) is opened, bottom water enters, meanwhile, the bottom mud collecting barrel (952) is inserted into the soft bottom mud collecting barrel (91), and part of the bottom mud flows into the bottom water collecting barrel (952), so that the bottom water and the bottom mud can be collected by the bottom water collecting mechanism (952) at the same time, and the bottom water collecting mechanism (952) can be collected by the bottom water collecting bottom water layer at the same time.
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