CN114354067A - Spindle for dynamic balance of rotator and method for realizing dynamic balance of rotator with long axis-diameter ratio - Google Patents
Spindle for dynamic balance of rotator and method for realizing dynamic balance of rotator with long axis-diameter ratio Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a spindle for dynamic balance of a rotator and a method for realizing dynamic balance of the rotator with a long axis ratio. Wherein rotor dynamic balance dabber includes: a rigid mandrel body; the mandrel main body is provided with an axial positioning groove and a radial positioning groove; the central spindle body is provided with a fixing part in the middle, and the fixing part is used for being clamped in an inner cavity of the revolving body to be processed. The special dabber of major axis ratio revolving body has been designed, avoids the direct dress card of the revolving body to cause the unsafe problem of dynamic balance measurement on the dynamic balancing machine, and in addition, the dabber is equipped with axial fixed slot and radial fixed slot in order to avoid droing, and has higher requirement to dabber roughness, cylindricity and hardness, satisfies the measurement demand of the revolving body, improves the degree of accuracy of dynamic balance measurement. A new dynamic balance mode is designed, the measurement mode of the dynamic unbalance is changed, the original single-side calculation is modified into a vector synthesis mode of two correction surfaces, and the efficiency and the accuracy of dynamic balance are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mechanical testing, in particular to a method for dynamically balancing a rotator with a long axis-diameter ratio.
Background
When the ordinary shaft parts are in dynamic balance, punching and de-weighting treatment is carried out on two end faces, after the repeated de-weighting is carried out for a plurality of times, theoretically, the residual unbalanced mass of the dynamic unbalanced part of the ordinary shaft parts is smaller and smaller, and when the residual unbalanced mass on one side is not larger than the preset dynamic unbalanced mass msAnd then, the dynamic unbalance mass of the dynamic unbalance member meets the condition requirement, and the dynamic unbalance member is regarded as a dynamic balance qualified member.
When the ratio of the distance between the two correction surfaces of the revolving body to the maximum outer diameter is not more than 0.2, the revolving body is regarded as a long axis ratio. According to the method for dynamic balance with the original common shaft parts, after the weight removing radius is determined (the punching and weight removing positions on the two end surfaces of the revolving body), the single-side residual dynamic unbalance mass m can be calculatedsUsing this as the critical value, m issInputting other parameters required by the balancing machine into an electrical measuring box, arranging a revolving body on a mandrel, placing the revolving body on a bracket of the balancing machine, setting an average rotating speed, then starting the balancing machine, punching and removing the weight of the revolving body according to the weight removing quality and position on a display, and repeating the steps. Actually, when the weight of the revolving body reaches the required residual unbalanced mass, the prompt of the electric measuring box display is always in a stable state, and when the revolving body rotates at any angle, the prompt of the electric measuring box display is also always in a stable state, but in the process of dynamically balancing the long axis ratio to the revolving body, the electric measuring box display is unstable, namely the revolving body is considered to be still in a dynamic unbalanced state, then the revolving body is subjected to weight removal, and as a result, the weight of the revolving body cannot be removed by punching holes on the weight removing surface, and at this time, the electric measuring box of the balancing machine is not stabilized yet.
Aiming at the problem that the dynamic balance can not be accurately and rapidly realized in the prior art, an effective solution is not provided at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a mandrel for dynamic balancing of a rotating body, which is a rigid body and is provided with an axial positioning groove and a radial positioning groove, and can be axially and radially positioned on a dynamic balancing machine. In addition, the fixed part of the core is clamped in the inner cavity of the revolving body to be processed and is fixed on a dynamic balancing machine through connecting rods at two ends of the fixed part, so that the dynamic balance of the revolving body is realized, and the problem of how to accurately realize the dynamic balance is solved; the spindle is adopted and the balance mode is changed to solve the problem of how to quickly realize dynamic balance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spindle for dynamic balancing of a rotating body, the spindle comprising: a rigid mandrel body; the mandrel main body is provided with an axial positioning groove and a radial positioning groove; the central spindle body is provided with a fixing part in the middle, and the fixing part is used for being clamped in an inner cavity of the revolving body to be processed.
Further optionally, a contact surface of the fixing part and the inner cavity of the revolving body to be machined is a conical surface.
Further optionally, the surface roughness of the mandrel is no greater than ra0.4.
Further optionally, the mandrel has a surface hardness of no greater than 50 HRC.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a method for realizing the dynamic balance of the rotator with the long axis ratio, which adopts the spindle for the dynamic balance of the rotator to carry out the dynamic balance of the rotator with the long axis ratio, and comprises the following steps: s1, sleeving a revolving body to be processed on a fixing part of a revolving body dynamic balance core shaft, and fixing the revolving body dynamic balance core shaft with the dynamic balance machine through an axial positioning groove and a radial positioning groove; s2, inputting balance test parameters in the dynamic balancing machine, selecting a dynamic balance mode, and obtaining dynamic balance correction data after the rotating speed of the dynamic balancing machine is stable; s3, performing dynamic balance correction on the first correction surface and the second correction surface of the to-be-machined revolving body according to the dynamic balance correction data and the dynamic balance mode; s4, calculating the dynamic unbalance amount of the to-be-machined revolving body after dynamic balance correction, and comparing the dynamic unbalance amount with a preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value; s5, when the dynamic unbalance amount is smaller than or equal to a preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value, judging that the to-be-machined revolving body realizes dynamic balance; when the dynamic unbalance amount is larger than the preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value, repeating the steps S2-S4 until the dynamic unbalance amount is smaller than or equal to the preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value.
As an optional implementation manner, before the step of sleeving the revolving body to be processed on the fixing part of the spindle for revolving body dynamic balance, the method includes:
and S0, placing the mandrel for the dynamic balance of the rotator into a dynamic balancing machine for pre-balancing.
As an alternative embodiment, the dynamic unbalance amount is calculated by the following formula:
wherein U is the dynamic unbalance, r is the de-weight radius, and m1For the first correction surface, m2For the second calibration side the de-emphasis mass,
is the phase angle of the first correction surface,
is the phase angle of the second calibration face.
As an alternative embodiment, the preset test parameters include:
the position of the first correction surface, the position of the second correction surface, the position of a correction point, the distance between the first correction surface and the second correction surface, the distance between the first correction surface and the first support surface, the distance between the second correction surface and the second support surface, the radius of the first correction surface and the radius of the second correction surface.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: the special dabber of major axis ratio revolving body has been designed, avoids the direct dress card of the revolving body to cause the unsafe problem of dynamic balance measurement on the dynamic balancing machine, and in addition, the dabber is equipped with axial fixed slot and radial fixed slot in order to avoid droing, and has higher requirement to dabber roughness, cylindricity and hardness, satisfies the measurement demand of the revolving body, improves the degree of accuracy of dynamic balance measurement. A new dynamic balance mode is designed, the measurement mode of the dynamic unbalance is changed, the original single-side calculation is modified into a vector synthesis mode of two correction surfaces, and the efficiency and the accuracy of dynamic balance are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an assembly structure diagram of a spindle for dynamic balancing of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for implementing dynamic balance of an rotator with a long axis-diameter ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-core shaft 2-to-be-processed revolving body
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the problem that the dynamic balance of the revolving body with the major axis ratio cannot be accurately and quickly realized, fig. 1 is an assembly structure schematic diagram of a spindle 1 for the dynamic balance of the revolving body provided by the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides the spindle 1 for the dynamic balance of the revolving body, which comprises: a rigid mandrel 1 body; the spindle 1 main body is provided with an axial positioning groove and a radial positioning groove; the middle part of the main body of the mandrel 1 is provided with a fixing part which is used for being clamped in an inner cavity of the revolving body 2 to be processed.
The main body of the mandrel 1 comprises a fixing part and assembling rods extending from the fixing part to two sides, the whole main body of the mandrel 1 is a rigid body, and the dynamic balance test is prevented from being influenced by the deformation of the main body of the mandrel 1 after the mandrel 1 is assembled to a dynamic balancing machine. In actual use, the balance accuracy of the mandrel 1 should be higher than 1/5, which is the allowable unbalance amount.
In order to realize the assembly of the mandrel 1 and the dynamic balancing machine, in this embodiment, the axial positioning groove and the radial positioning groove are respectively formed in two assembly rods of the mandrel 1 main body, when the mandrel 1 main body is assembled with the dynamic balancing machine, the axial positioning groove realizes the axial positioning of the mandrel 1 main body, and the radial positioning groove realizes the axial positioning of the mandrel 1 so as to realize the radial and axial positioning of the mandrel 1 main body.
In order to realize the assembly of the mandrel 1 and the to-be-processed revolving body 2, the size of the fixing part of the main body of the mandrel 1 is designed according to the size of the inner cavity of the to-be-processed revolving body 2, so that the relative position of the to-be-processed revolving body 2 and the mandrel 1 cannot be changed when the dynamic balancing machine operates.
As an alternative embodiment, the contact surface of the fixing part and the inner cavity of the revolving body 2 to be processed is a conical surface.
In order to improve the universality of the mandrel 1, the fixed part of the main body of the mandrel 1 is matched with the inner cavity of the processing revolving body by a conical surface, and the revolving body 2 to be processed with various different inner cavity structures can be well clamped and fixed.
As an alternative embodiment, the surface roughness of the mandrel 1 is not greater than ra0.4.
As an alternative embodiment, the surface hardness of the mandrel 1 is not more than 50 HRC.
The surface roughness of the mandrel 1 should not be more than Ra0.4, and the surface hardness should not be less than 50HRC and the cylindricity should not be more than 0.003mm/100 mm. The precision of the mandrel 1 after assembly and use is ensured.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing dynamic balance of a rotating body with a long axis ratio, fig. 2 is a flowchart of the method for implementing dynamic balance of a rotating body with a long axis ratio, as shown in fig. 2, the method for implementing dynamic balance of a rotating body with a long axis ratio by using the spindle for dynamic balance of a rotating body includes:
s1, sleeving a revolving body to be processed on a fixing part of a revolving body dynamic balance core shaft, and fixing the revolving body dynamic balance core shaft with a dynamic balancing machine through an axial positioning groove and a radial positioning groove;
and sleeving the revolving body to be processed on the fixing part of the spindle for the dynamic balance of the revolving body to realize the relative fixation of the revolving body and the spindle. And then, clamping the core shaft for the dynamic balance of the rotator on the dynamic balancing machine through the axial positioning groove and the radial positioning groove to realize the fixation of the core shaft and the dynamic balancing machine. Therefore, the purpose that the mandrel can drive the revolving body to rotate when the dynamic balancing machine rotates is achieved.
S2, inputting balance test parameters in the dynamic balancing machine, selecting a dynamic balance mode, and obtaining dynamic balance correction data after the rotating speed of the dynamic balancing machine is stable;
balance test parameters including unbalance allowable value, rotating speed of the dynamic balancing machine and the like are input into the dynamic balancing machine. The unbalance allowable value is 0.2g.cm, the rotating speed of the dynamic balancing machine is designed according to different revolving bodies, and in the practical application process, the balanced rotating speed n of the large-aperture revolving body is 900r/min, and the balanced rotating speed n of the small-aperture revolving body is 1300 r/min. In addition, a dynamic balance mode of the revolving body, namely a de-weighting mode or an emphasis mode, needs to be selected, wherein de-weighting is to punch a hole on the correction surface and de-weight, and emphasis is to fix the correction block on the front surface. And when the rotating speed of the dynamic balancing machine is stable, reading dynamic balance correction data of the dynamic balancing machine, taking a weight removing mode as an example, wherein dynamic balance correction parameters comprise information such as punching positions and the like.
S3, performing dynamic balance correction on the first correction surface and the second correction surface of the to-be-processed revolving body according to the dynamic balance correction data and the dynamic balance mode;
and performing dynamic balance correction on the first correction surface and the second correction surface of the to-be-processed revolving body according to the obtained dynamic balance correction data and the dynamic balance mode. The first correction surface and the second correction surface are two end surfaces of the revolving body to be processed. For example, the first correction surface and the second correction surface may be subjected to de-emphasis punching processing or emphasis processing.
S4, calculating the dynamic unbalance amount of the to-be-machined revolving body after dynamic balance correction, and comparing the dynamic unbalance amount with a preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value;
s5, when the dynamic unbalance amount is smaller than or equal to a preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value, judging that the revolving body to be machined realizes dynamic balance; when the dynamic unbalance amount is larger than the preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value, the steps S2-S4 are repeated until the dynamic unbalance amount is smaller than or equal to the preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value.
Calculating the dynamic unbalance of the revolving body to be processed, comparing the dynamic unbalance of the revolving body with a preset dynamic unbalance threshold value, and considering that the revolving body realizes dynamic balance when the dynamic unbalance of the revolving body is less than or equal to the preset dynamic unbalance threshold value; when the dynamic unbalance amount of the revolving body is larger than the preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value, the revolving body is considered to not realize dynamic balance, and the workpiece to be processed after the first correction needs to be mounted and clamped on a dynamic balancing machine for multiple measurement and correction until the dynamic unbalance amount is smaller than or equal to the preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value. Wherein, preferably, the preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value is 2 g.cm.
As an optional implementation manner, before the revolving body to be processed is sleeved on the fixing part of the spindle for revolving body dynamic balance, the revolving body to be processed comprises:
and S0, placing the mandrel for the dynamic balance of the rotator into a dynamic balancing machine for pre-balancing.
In the test preparation stage, the dynamic balancing machine is verified before the test of the dynamic balancing machine, so that the minimum residual unbalance amount which can be measured by the dynamic balancing machine is smaller than 1/5 of the allowable unbalance amount of the revolving body. And then carrying out dynamic balance on the dynamic balancing machine and the mandrel. So as to improve the accuracy of the dynamic balance test.
As an alternative embodiment, the dynamic unbalance is calculated by the following formula:
the description is given by taking the deduplication mode as an example:
wherein U is the dynamic unbalance, r is the de-weight radius, and m1For the first correction surface, m2For the second calibration side the de-emphasis mass,
is the first schoolThe phase angle of the front side is,
is the phase angle of the second calibration face.
When the ratio of the distance between the two correction surfaces of the revolving body and the maximum outer diameter is not more than 0.2, the unbalance amounts in the two correction surfaces can be synthesized according to vectors in one plane.
The vector composition formula is as follows:
and r is set according to the model of the revolving body to be processed, and in practical application, the weight removing radius of the large inner bore is 47mm, and the weight removing radius of the small inner bore is 37 mm. To simplify the calculation, the deduplication radii of the two deduplication planes are set to be equal r. The weight removal unit of the first calibration surface and the weight removal unit of the second calibration surface are both mg. The unit of the phase angle of the first correction surface and the unit of the phase angle of the second correction surface are both. The unit of the dynamic unbalance amount is g.cm.
As an optional implementation, the preset test parameters include:
the position of the first correction surface, the position of the second correction surface, the position of the correction point, the distance between the first correction surface and the second correction surface, the distance between the first correction surface and the first supporting surface, the distance between the second correction surface and the second supporting surface, the radius of the first correction surface and the radius of the second correction surface.
In a preferred embodiment, the position of the first correction surface, the position of the second correction surface, and the position of the correction point are recorded with the center point of the mandrel as the origin of coordinates. The first supporting surface is a vertical plane where the fixed positions of the mandrel and the dynamic balancing machine on the first correction surface side are located, and the second supporting surface is a vertical plane where the fixed positions of the mandrel and the dynamic balancing machine on the second correction surface side are located.
Referring to table 1, table 1 shows the results of the data detected and the calculated dynamic unbalance for a set of large bore rotors:
TABLE 1
Referring to table 2, table 2 shows the results of the data detected and the calculated dynamic unbalance for a set of small bore rotors:
TABLE 2
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: the special dabber of major axis ratio revolving body has been designed, avoids the direct dress card of the revolving body to cause the unsafe problem of dynamic balance measurement on the dynamic balancing machine, and in addition, the dabber is equipped with axial fixed slot and radial fixed slot in order to avoid droing, and has higher requirement to dabber roughness, cylindricity and hardness, satisfies the measurement demand of the revolving body, improves the degree of accuracy of dynamic balance measurement. A new dynamic balance mode is designed, the measurement mode of the dynamic unbalance is changed, the original single-side calculation is modified into a vector synthesis mode of two correction surfaces, and the efficiency and the accuracy of dynamic balance are improved.
The above embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A spindle for dynamic balancing of a rotating body, comprising:
a rigid mandrel body;
the mandrel main body is provided with an axial positioning groove and a radial positioning groove;
the central spindle body is provided with a fixing part in the middle, and the fixing part is used for being clamped in an inner cavity of the revolving body to be processed.
2. The mandrel for dynamically balancing an armature according to claim 1, wherein:
the contact surface of the fixed part and the inner cavity of the revolving body to be processed is a conical surface.
3. The mandrel for dynamically balancing an armature according to claim 1, wherein:
the surface roughness of the mandrel is not greater than Ra0.4.
4. The mandrel for dynamically balancing an armature according to claim 1, wherein:
the surface hardness of the mandrel is not greater than 50 HRC.
5. A method for realizing the dynamic balance of a rotator with a long shaft diameter ratio is characterized in that the method for realizing the dynamic balance of the rotator with the long shaft diameter ratio by adopting the mandrel for the dynamic balance of the rotator in any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps:
s1, sleeving a revolving body to be processed on a fixing part of a revolving body dynamic balance core shaft, and fixing the revolving body dynamic balance core shaft with the dynamic balance machine through an axial positioning groove and a radial positioning groove;
s2, inputting balance test parameters in the dynamic balancing machine, selecting a dynamic balance mode, and obtaining dynamic balance correction data after the rotating speed of the dynamic balancing machine is stable;
s3, performing dynamic balance correction on the first correction surface and the second correction surface of the to-be-machined revolving body according to the dynamic balance correction data and the dynamic balance mode;
s4, calculating the dynamic unbalance amount of the to-be-machined revolving body after dynamic balance correction, and comparing the dynamic unbalance amount with a preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value;
s5, when the dynamic unbalance amount is smaller than or equal to a preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value, judging that the to-be-machined revolving body realizes dynamic balance; when the dynamic unbalance amount is larger than the preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value, repeating the steps S2-S4 until the dynamic unbalance amount is smaller than or equal to the preset dynamic unbalance amount threshold value.
6. The method for realizing the dynamic balance of the rotating body with the long axis ratio and the radial ratio as claimed in claim 5, wherein before the step of sleeving the rotating body to be processed on the fixing part of the spindle for the dynamic balance of the rotating body, the method comprises the following steps:
and S0, placing the mandrel for the dynamic balance of the rotator into a dynamic balancing machine for pre-balancing.
7. The method for realizing the dynamic balance of the rotating body with the long axis-diameter ratio as claimed in claim 5, wherein the dynamic unbalance amount is calculated by the following formula:
wherein U is the dynamic unbalance, r is the de-weight radius, and m1For the first correction surface, m2For the second calibration side the de-emphasis mass,
is the phase angle of the first correction surface,
is the phase angle of the second calibration face.
8. The method for realizing the dynamic balance of the rotating body with the long axis ratio as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preset test parameters comprise:
the position of the first correction surface, the position of the second correction surface, the position of a correction point, the distance between the first correction surface and the second correction surface, the distance between the first correction surface and the first support surface, the distance between the second correction surface and the second support surface, the radius of the first correction surface and the radius of the second correction surface.
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| CN210603730U (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-05-22 | 山西汾西重工有限责任公司 | Dynamic balance test mechanism for lamellar propeller |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110608845A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-24 | 山西汾西重工有限责任公司 | Dynamic balance test mechanism and dynamic balance test method for lamellar propeller |
| CN210603730U (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-05-22 | 山西汾西重工有限责任公司 | Dynamic balance test mechanism for lamellar propeller |
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| 史维玉、张海峰: "《机械设计基础实验指导书》", 西安电子科技大学出版社, pages: 35 - 43 * |
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Application publication date: 20220415 |