CN114353524A

CN114353524A - Plasma heating system

Info

Publication number: CN114353524A
Application number: CN202210097379.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李彦青; 傅长娟; 李大鹏; 刘海滨; 尚策; 白松松; 王萌
Original assignee: Yonghong Baoding Foundry Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Yonghong Baoding Foundry Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-27
Filing date: 2022-01-27
Publication date: 2022-04-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a plasma heating system which comprises a turret base, an electrode cabinet, a converter cabinet and an argon loop, wherein the fixed end of the turret base is installed on a casting machine through a bolt, the electrode cabinet is connected to the moving end of the turret base, the two electrodes of the converter cabinet and the electrode cabinet are connected through a water-cooling cable, one end of the argon loop is connected with an argon supply position, and the other end of the argon loop is positioned at the top of the electrode. The invention has reasonable layout, compensates the temperature of the molten iron through the arrangement of the converter cabinet and the electrodes, maintains the stable temperature of the molten iron, ensures the quality of castings and improves the qualification rate and consistency of products; the automatic control is realized, the manual operation and the pouring field operation are reduced to the maximum extent, the safety and the reliability are realized, the pouring temperature is stable, and the quality consistency of the casting is good.

Description

Plasma heating system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of casting equipment, in particular to a plasma heating system.

Background

The casting is a process of obtaining a metal forming object by a certain method, smelting molten metal (molten iron), pouring, injecting, sucking or injecting into a die by other methods, cooling to obtain a casting blank, and performing subsequent processing such as polishing to obtain a product, namely the casting.

The pouring temperature is within a certain range according to the production process of the product, and the product percent of pass is greatly reduced when the pouring temperature is higher or lower than the range. In the casting production process, because of the difference of the heat preservation characteristics of the casting ladle, the temperature of the molten metal (molten iron) is reduced along with the time, and various measures and schemes are adopted for prolonging the heat preservation time of the molten metal (molten iron) in the casting ladle, such as increasing the thickness of a material building layer of the casting ladle, improving the temperature of the molten metal (molten iron) entering the casting ladle, increasing a heating device and the like. Increasing the thickness of the building material layer reduces the capacity of the pouring ladle or increases the volume of equipment, increases the temperature of molten metal (molten iron) entering the pouring ladle but cannot exceed the range required by the production process, and the two measures cannot realize the effect of continuously prolonging the temperature of the molten metal (molten iron); but the heating device is added, so that the heat loss can be supplemented, the constant temperature effect is realized, and the pouring temperature is controlled within an accurate range.

In the prior art, the casting temperature span is large, the casting quality is unstable, and in order to solve the problems, the casting property requirements are met, the strict requirements are provided for the casting process, so that the casting cost is higher, and the profit margin is seriously compressed. The existing casting technology capable of realizing heating is a scheme of a coil induction type heating intermediate frequency furnace, is generally improved on the basis of the intermediate frequency furnace, and has the characteristics of complex structure, high equipment cost, high maintenance cost and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a plasma heating system that solves the problems listed in the background art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention discloses a plasma heating system which comprises a turret base, an electrode cabinet, a converter cabinet and an argon loop, wherein the fixed end of the turret base is installed on a casting machine through a bolt, the electrode cabinet is connected with the moving end of the turret base, the converter cabinet and two electrodes of the electrode cabinet are connected through a water-cooling cable, one end of the argon loop is connected with an argon supply position, and the other end of the argon loop is positioned at the top of the electrodes.

Furthermore, the water-cooling cable comprises circulating water for cooling, circulating water pipelines and a lead, the converter cabinet transmits electric energy to the electrodes through the lead, the lead is in composite connection with the circulating water pipelines, and the circulating water enters from one circulating water pipeline and flows out from the other circulating water pipeline.

Furthermore, the turret base comprises a servo motor, a cabinet body connecting seat, an engaging gear set and a turret base, the servo motor is installed on one side of the top surface of the turret base, the cabinet body connecting seat is installed on the other side of the top surface of the turret base, the engaging gear set comprises a driving gear and a driven gear which are connected in an engaging mode, the driving gear is installed on a working shaft of the servo motor, the driven gear is connected onto a gear installing plate, the gear installing plate is connected onto a rotary supporting assembly, and the rotary supporting assembly is located inside the turret base; one end of the cabinet body connecting seat is connected to the driving gear through a gear mounting plate, and the other end of the cabinet body connecting seat is connected with the electrode cabinet; the servo motor is started to rotate, the driven gear is driven to rotate through the driving gear, and the electrode cabinet at the top is driven to rotate through the upper cabinet body connecting seat.

Further, the rotation support assembly comprises a rotation shaft and a shell, a bearing is arranged between the rotation shaft and the shell, the bottom of the bearing is compressed and positioned through a gland, the top of the rotation shaft is connected with the gear mounting plate in a positioning mode, the cabinet body connecting seat is connected onto the gear mounting plate through bolts, and the driven gear is sleeved on the gear mounting plate and is screwed and fixed through bolts.

Further, the cabinet body connecting seat comprises a supporting plate, a rotating tower arm and a switching seat, two ends of the rotating tower arm are respectively connected with the supporting plate and the switching seat, the supporting plate is connected with the electrode cabinet, and the switching seat is connected to the gear mounting plate through a bolt.

Furthermore, the turret arm is made of a square tube, and two ends of the turret arm are respectively connected with the support plate and the adapter through welding or bolt assemblies.

Further, the electrode cabinet comprises an electrode cabinet body at the outermost side, an electrode lifting assembly and a support frame body are arranged inside the electrode cabinet body, the support frame body is connected to the support plate through a connecting bottom plate, the electrode lifting assembly is installed on the support frame body, an electrode arm is connected to the electrode lifting assembly, and the end of the electrode arm is connected with an electrode gripper for fixing an electrode; the electrode lifting assembly drives the electrode arm to move up and down so as to send the electrode into or away from the molten metal.

Furthermore, the electrode lifting assembly comprises a lifting motor and linear slide rails, the two linear slide rails are arranged side by side and connected to the support frame body, the lifting motor is installed at the tops of the linear slide rails, a rotating shaft of the lifting motor is connected with a threaded rod, the threaded rod is located inside the linear slide rails, the electrode arm is connected with the linear slide rails through sliders, and the sliders are in threaded connection with the threaded rod; the lifting motor rotates to drive the sliding block to move up and down along the linear sliding rail through the threaded rod, and then the electrode arm, the electrode gripper and the electrode are driven to move up and down.

Furthermore, a cable drag chain is arranged on one side, away from the electrode arm, of the support frame body, one end of the cable drag chain is connected to the other end of the electrode arm, the other end of the cable drag chain is connected to one end of a drag chain support, and the other end of the drag chain support is connected to the outer side wall of the support frame body; the water-cooled cable is arranged in the cable drag chain.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

the invention relates to a plasma heating system, which comprises a turret base, an electrode cabinet, a converter cabinet and an argon loop, wherein when the plasma heating system works, two electrodes from the converter cabinet to the electrode cabinet are connected by a water-cooling cable, and voltage and current are generated through the converter cabinet, so that plasma electric arcs are generated, heat required by constant temperature is provided for molten metal (molten iron), and meanwhile, semiconductor in the converter cabinet and the two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) of the electrode cabinet are cooled by circulating water for cooling; the design of the electrode lifting assembly realizes the vertical displacement of the two electrodes, the rotation of the electrode cabinet is realized through the turret base, the position of the electrode gripper is adjusted, the installation and the descending operation during the working of the electrodes are convenient, and the lifting and the rotating motion of the electrodes are automatically controlled by a PLC control cabinet; through the design of the argon gas loop, argon gas is filled between the graphite electrode (cathode) and the molten metal (molten iron), so that a good environment for generating plasma arc can be formed, and the graphite electrode is protected and reduced in loss.

The invention has reasonable layout, compensates the temperature of the molten iron through the arrangement of the converter cabinet and the electrodes, maintains the stable temperature of the molten iron, ensures the quality of castings and improves the qualification rate and consistency of products; the automatic control is realized, the manual operation and the pouring field operation are reduced to the maximum extent, the safety and the reliability are realized, the pouring temperature is stable, and the quality consistency of the casting is good. The invention is suitable for the bottom pouring type casting machine and can reduce the secondary investment of equipment.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated in the following description with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a plasma heating system according to the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the turret base of the present invention coupled to an electrode cabinet;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the electrode cabinet of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a turret base of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a turret base of the present invention;

description of reference numerals: 1. a turret base; 2. an electrode cabinet; 3. a converter cabinet; 4. a water cooling system; 5. an argon loop; 6. a circulating water pipeline;

101. a servo motor; 102. a cabinet body connecting seat; 102-1, a support plate; 102-2, a turret arm; 102-3, an adapter; 103-1, a driving gear; 103-2, a driven gear; 104. a turret base; 105. a rotating shaft; 106. a housing; 107. a bearing; 108. a gland; 109. a gear mounting plate;

201. connecting the bottom plate; 202. a lifting motor; 203. a linear slide rail; 204. a cable drag chain; 205. an electrode arm; 206. an electrode gripper; 207. an electrode; 208. a support frame body; 209. an electrode cabinet body; 210. a drag chain support.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a plasma heating system includes a turret base 1, an electrode cabinet 2, a converter cabinet 3 and an argon gas loop 5, wherein a fixed end of the turret base 1 is mounted on a casting machine through a bolt, the electrode cabinet 2 is connected to a moving end of the turret base 1, the converter cabinet 3 and two electrodes 207 of the electrode cabinet 2 are connected by a water-cooled cable 4, one end of the argon gas loop 5 is connected to an argon gas supply, and the other end of the argon gas loop 5 is located at the top of the electrodes 207.

Specifically, the water-cooled cable 4 comprises circulating water for cooling, circulating water pipelines 6 and a lead, the converter cabinet 3 transmits electric energy to the electrode 207 through the lead, the lead is in composite connection with the circulating water pipelines 6, and the circulating water enters from one circulating water pipeline 6 and flows out from the other circulating water pipeline 6. The water-cooling cable in the system can be assembled according to a design route after being purchased according to actual needs.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the turret base 1 includes a servo motor 101, a cabinet connecting base 102, a meshing gear set 103 and a turret base 104, the servo motor 101 is installed on one side of the top surface of the turret base 104, the cabinet connecting base 102 is installed on the other side of the top surface of the turret base 104, the meshing gear set 103 includes a driving gear 103-1 and a driven gear 103-2 which are connected in a meshing manner, the driving gear 103-1 is installed on a working shaft of the servo motor 101, the driven gear 103-2 is connected to a gear mounting plate 109, the gear mounting plate 109 is connected to a rotation support assembly, and the rotation support assembly is located inside the turret base 104; one end of the cabinet body connecting seat 102 is connected to the driving gear 103-1 through a gear mounting plate 109, and the other end of the cabinet body connecting seat 102 is connected to the electrode cabinet 2; the servo motor 101 is started to rotate, the driving gear 103-1 drives the driven gear 103-2 to rotate, and the upper cabinet body connecting seat 102 drives the electrode cabinet 2 at the top to rotate.

As shown in fig. 5, the rotary support assembly includes a rotary shaft 105 and a housing 106, a bearing 107 is disposed between the rotary shaft 105 and the housing 106, the bottom of the bearing 107 is pressed and positioned by a pressing cover 108, the top of the rotary shaft 105 is positioned and connected with the gear mounting plate 109, the cabinet connecting base 102 is connected to the gear mounting plate 109 by a bolt, and the driven gear 103-2 is sleeved on the gear mounting plate 109 and is fastened and fixed by a bolt.

As shown in fig. 4, the cabinet body connecting seat 102 includes a supporting plate 102-1, a turret arm 102-2 and an adapter 102-3, two ends of the turret arm 102-2 are respectively connected to the supporting plate 102-1 and the adapter 102-3, the supporting plate 102-1 is connected to the electrode cabinet 2, and the adapter 102-3 is connected to the gear mounting plate 109 through a bolt. Specifically, the turret arm is made of a square tube, and two ends of the turret arm 102-2 are respectively connected with the support plate 102-1 and the adapter 102-3 through welding or bolt assemblies.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the electrode cabinet 2 includes an outermost electrode cabinet 209, an electrode lifting assembly and a support frame 208 are disposed inside the electrode cabinet 209, the support frame 208 is connected to the support plate 102-1 through a connection bottom plate 201, the electrode lifting assembly is mounted on the support frame 208, the electrode lifting assembly is connected to an electrode arm 205, and an end of the electrode arm 205 is connected to an electrode gripper 206 for fixing an electrode 207; the electrode lift assembly drives the electrode arm 205 up and down to move the electrode 207 in and out of the molten metal bath. Specifically, the support frame body 208 is made of i-shaped steel, the i-shaped steel is vertically placed, and the two groups of electrode lifting assemblies are symmetrically arranged in grooves of the i-shaped steel and used for lifting operation of the two electrode arms.

The electrode lifting assembly comprises a lifting motor 202 and linear slide rails 203, the two linear slide rails 203 are arranged side by side and connected to the support frame body 208, the lifting motor 202 is installed at the tops of the linear slide rails 203, a rotating shaft of the lifting motor 202 is connected with a threaded rod, the threaded rod is located inside the linear slide rails 203, the electrode arm 205 is connected with the linear slide rails 203 through sliders, and the sliders are in threaded connection with the threaded rod; the lifting motor 202 rotates to drive the sliding block to move up and down along the linear sliding rail 203 through a threaded rod, and then the electrode arm 205, the electrode gripper 206 and the electrode 207 are driven to move up and down. The electrode lifting assembly is not limited to a motor driving mechanism, and other linear lifting mechanisms may be substituted, for example, a cylinder or a linear motor is directly connected to the electrode arm 205 to drive the electrode arm to move up and down.

Specifically, a cable drag chain 204 is arranged on one side of the support frame body 208, which is far away from the electrode arm 205, one end of the cable drag chain 204 is connected to the other end of the electrode arm 205, the other end of the cable drag chain 204 is connected to one end of a drag chain support 210, and the other end of the drag chain support 210 is connected to the outer side wall of the support frame body 208; the water-cooled cable 4 is installed in the cable drag chain 204.

The automatic control system is characterized by further comprising a PLC control cabinet, the PLC control cabinet is an auxiliary device, the servo motor 101 and the lifting motor 202 are electrically connected with the PLC control cabinet, and the converter cabinet 3 is also electrically connected with the PLC control cabinet, so that automatic control is realized. Through the description of the assembly principle and the combination of the existing PLC programming technology, the automatic control of the plasma heating system can be completely realized, and the description is omitted.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

the working principle of the invention, plasma (plasma), is ionized gaseous matter consisting of atoms after partial electrons are deprived and positive and negative ions generated after atomic groups are ionized, and macroscopic electrically neutral ionized gas with the dimension larger than Debye length has the movement mainly dominated by electromagnetic force and shows remarkable collective behavior. It is widely present in the universe and is often considered to be the fourth state in which substances exist in addition to solids, liquids and gases. The plasma is a good electric conductor, and the plasma can be captured, moved and accelerated by utilizing a magnetic field which is skillfully designed.

A plasma heating system based on a high energy thermal plasma (HPTP) technology heats molten metal (molten iron) using heat generated by a plasma arc. This arc is generated by passing a continuous electric current of high intensity between a graphite electrode (cathode) and the molten metal (molten iron) which is electrically connected to another graphite electrode (anode) immersed therein. The heating of molten metal (molten iron) based on the high energy thermal plasma (HPTP) technology is mainly produced by three heat transfer mechanisms, 1) by joule effect, due to the intense current circulating in the molten metal (molten iron) between two electrodes (anode, cathode); 2) by thermal radiation generated in the plasma jet, and the index of incidence on the surface of the molten metal (molten iron); 3) by convection of the ionized gas with the metal surface; by controlling the process conditions, a suitable combination between different heat transfer mechanisms can be achieved to ensure optimum heat transfer to the molten metal.

Based on the principle, the plasma heating system is developed and is special equipment for heating and maintaining molten metal (molten iron) in a pouring ladle in a bottom pouring type pouring machine. The equipment is matched with measuring equipment such as a thermometer and the like, measures the temperature in real time and transmits a signal to the PLC control cabinet, realizes the starting and stopping operation of the equipment in a closed control loop, can provide required heat energy for molten metal, realizes furnace heat loss compensation in time, and can realize the completion of casting operation in a narrow temperature range.

The system is arranged at a designated position of a casting machine through a bolt assembly, and when the system works, a converter cabinet 3 generates voltage and current and is connected with a water-cooling cable 4, so that a plasma electric arc is generated, and heat required by constant temperature is provided for molten metal (molten iron); the electrode cabinet 2 is responsible for the vertical displacement of two electrodes 207 (anode and cathode), the rotation of the electrode cabinet 2 is realized through the turret base 1, and the lifting and the rotating motion are automatically controlled by a PLC control cabinet; two electrodes 207 (anode and cathode) on the converter cabinet 3 and the electrode cabinet 2 are connected by a water-cooled cable 4, and the semiconductor in the converter cabinet and the two electrodes 207 (anode and cathode) of the electrode cabinet are cooled by circulating water for cooling; the water-cooled cable 4 is selected to carry electric energy between two electrodes (anode and cathode) through circulating water.

In the present invention, the argon gas circuit 5 is designed to supply argon gas to the top of the graphite electrode (cathode) through the flexible hose, and the argon gas is filled between the graphite electrode (cathode) and the molten metal (molten iron), thereby forming a good environment for generating plasma arc and protecting and reducing the loss of the graphite electrode. Specifically, in the argon gas return circuit, still be used for cutting off the electrovalve of air current and be used for adjusting the proportional valve of flow, electrovalve and proportional valve all are connected with the PLC switch board electricity, realize automated control.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A plasma heating system, characterized by: the device comprises a turret base, an electrode cabinet, a converter cabinet and an argon loop, wherein the fixed end of the turret base is installed on a casting machine through a bolt, the electrode cabinet is connected to the moving end of the turret base, the converter cabinet and two electrodes of the electrode cabinet are connected through a water-cooled cable, one end of the argon loop is connected with an argon supply position, and the other end of the argon loop is located at the top of the electrodes.

2. The plasma heating system of claim 1, wherein: the converter cabinet transmits electric energy to the electrode through the lead, the lead is in composite connection with the circulating water pipeline, and the circulating water enters from one circulating water pipeline and flows out from the other circulating water pipeline.

3. The plasma heating system of claim 1, wherein: the turret base comprises a servo motor, a cabinet body connecting seat, an engaging gear set and a turret base, the servo motor is installed on one side of the top surface of the turret base, the cabinet body connecting seat is installed on the other side of the top surface of the turret base, the engaging gear set comprises a driving gear and a driven gear which are connected in an engaging mode, the driving gear is installed on a working shaft of the servo motor, the driven gear is connected onto a gear installing plate, the gear installing plate is connected onto a rotary supporting assembly, and the rotary supporting assembly is located inside the turret base; one end of the cabinet body connecting seat is connected to the driving gear through a gear mounting plate, and the other end of the cabinet body connecting seat is connected with the electrode cabinet; the servo motor is started to rotate, the driven gear is driven to rotate through the driving gear, and the electrode cabinet at the top is driven to rotate through the upper cabinet body connecting seat.

4. The plasma heating system of claim 3, wherein: the rotary supporting assembly comprises a rotary shaft and a shell, a bearing is arranged between the rotary shaft and the shell, the bottom of the bearing is compressed and positioned through a gland, the top of the rotary shaft is connected with the gear mounting plate in a positioning mode, the cabinet body connecting seat is connected onto the gear mounting plate through bolts, and the driven gear is sleeved on the gear mounting plate and is screwed and fixed through bolts.

5. The plasma heating system of claim 4, wherein: the cabinet body connecting seat comprises a supporting plate, a rotating tower arm and a switching seat, wherein two ends of the rotating tower arm are respectively connected with the supporting plate and the switching seat, the supporting plate is connected with the electrode cabinet, and the switching seat is connected onto the gear mounting plate through a bolt.

6. The plasma heating system of claim 5, wherein: the turret arm is made of a square tube, and two ends of the turret arm are respectively connected with the support plate and the adapter through welding or bolt assemblies.

7. The plasma heating system of claim 5, wherein: the electrode cabinet comprises an electrode cabinet body on the outermost side, an electrode lifting assembly and a support frame body are arranged inside the electrode cabinet body, the support frame body is connected to the support plate through a connecting bottom plate, the electrode lifting assembly is installed on the support frame body, an electrode arm is connected to the electrode lifting assembly, and the end part of the electrode arm is connected with an electrode gripper for fixing an electrode; the electrode lifting assembly drives the electrode arm to move up and down so as to send the electrode into or away from the molten metal.

8. The plasma heating system of claim 7, wherein: the electrode lifting assembly comprises a lifting motor and linear slide rails, the two linear slide rails are arranged side by side and connected to the support frame body, the lifting motor is installed at the tops of the linear slide rails, a rotating shaft of the lifting motor is connected with a threaded rod, the threaded rod is located inside the linear slide rails, the electrode arm is connected with the linear slide rails through sliders, and the sliders are in threaded connection with the threaded rod; the lifting motor rotates to drive the sliding block to move up and down along the linear sliding rail through the threaded rod, and then the electrode arm, the electrode gripper and the electrode are driven to move up and down.

9. The plasma heating system of claim 7, wherein: a cable drag chain is arranged on one side, away from the electrode arm, of the support frame body, one end of the cable drag chain is connected to the other end of the electrode arm, the other end of the cable drag chain is connected to one end of the drag chain support, and the other end of the drag chain support is connected to the outer side wall of the support frame body; the water-cooled cable is arranged in the cable drag chain.