CN114353437B - Method and device for controlling ohmic heating drying process of salted and preserved fish - Google Patents
Method and device for controlling ohmic heating drying process of salted and preserved fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN114353437B CN114353437B CN202210005962.0A CN202210005962A CN114353437B CN 114353437 B CN114353437 B CN 114353437B CN 202210005962 A CN202210005962 A CN 202210005962A CN 114353437 B CN114353437 B CN 114353437B
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/353—Resistance heating, e.g. using the materials or objects to be dried as an electrical resistance
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/03—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B4/031—Apparatus for drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
- F26B23/06—Heating arrangements using electric heating resistance heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/10—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in the open air; in pans or tables in rooms; Drying stacks of loose material on floors which may be covered, e.g. by a roof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for controlling an ohmic heating drying process of salted and cured fish, which comprises a bottom plate, wherein two vertical plates are fixed at the top of the bottom plate, a lifting plate is vertically and slidably installed between the two vertical plates together, a telescopic rod is installed between the bottom of the lifting plate and the top of the bottom plate, a fixed plate is fixed on the outer wall of an extension rod of the telescopic rod, a second spring is connected between the fixed plate and the bottom plate, sliding plates and electrode plates are slidably installed at the tops of the lifting plate close to two sides, the two electrode plates are located between the two sliding plates, electrode tips are installed on the outer walls of the back sides of the two electrode plates, and the two electrode tips are connected with a complete circuit together. The invention avoids the problem of poor contact between fish meat and electrodes due to volume reduction caused by water loss in the drying process of the fish meat, and simultaneously improves the drying speed of the fish meat through self-adaptive adjustment and matching of the structures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing equipment, in particular to a method and a device for controlling an ohmic heating and drying process of salted and cured fish.
Background
The salting refers to the processing process of processing food raw materials by using salt and other salting materials to increase the flavor and improve the texture, is beneficial to preservation, and is often applied to processing and preservation of fish. However, the salted fish meat needs to be dried to remove excessive water, and the traditional processing method is mainly to dry the salted fish meat by airing or drying. In the process, the water on the surface of the fish meat is evaporated firstly, so that the surface of the fish meat becomes dry, the water in the fish meat is difficult to evaporate, the energy utilization rate is low, and the drying time is long.
And ohmic heating belongs to the volume heating, can make the inside moisture of flesh of fish evaporate out at first, and drying process energy utilization is high and the time is short, can effectively solve the shortcoming of traditional mode. But at present ohmic heating requires sufficient contact of the heated food with the electrodes. The preserved fish can be reduced in volume due to water loss in the drying process, so that the fish meat is in poor contact with the electrode, and the heating process is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for controlling an ohmic heating drying process of salted and preserved fish, which avoid the problem of poor contact between fish and electrodes caused by volume reduction due to water loss in the drying process of the fish and solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a device of control salted and cured fish ohmic heating drying process, includes the bottom plate, the top of bottom plate is fixed with two risers, two common vertical slidable mounting has the lifter plate between the riser, install the telescopic link between the bottom of lifter plate and the top of bottom plate, just the extension bar outer wall of telescopic link is fixed with the fixed plate, be connected with the second spring between fixed plate and the bottom plate, the lifter plate is close to the equal slidable mounting in top of both sides has sliding plate and plate electrode, and two the plate electrode is located between two sliding plates, two the electrode tip is all installed to the outer wall at the back of the plate electrode, and two electrode tips are connected with a complete circuit jointly, and is adjacent be connected with first spring between sliding plate and the plate electrode, two the outer wall at the back of the plate respectively with the outer wall of two risers between articulated have first connecting rod, and work as can make two sliding plates relative slip through first connecting rod during the lifter plate rebound.
Preferably, but the bottom plate is kept away from the top of lifter plate and is installed horizontal reciprocating sliding's U-shaped plate through two mounting brackets, just the U-shaped plate is located the top of lifter plate, two support arms of U-shaped plate are close to the outer wall of lifter plate and have all been seted up perpendicular groove, and two the equal slidable mounting of inner wall in perpendicular groove has the slider, the slider is connected with the third spring with the interior top in perpendicular groove, two rotate between the slider and install the live-rollers, and the outer wall of live-rollers is provided with the cotton that absorbs water.
Preferably, two the bearing frame is all installed to the outer wall of mounting bracket, and the axle center of two bearing frames installs rotatable first pivot jointly, just first pivot is located between two support arms of U-shaped board, the both ends of first pivot all are fixed with the dwang, the one end that first pivot was kept away from to the dwang is rotated and is connected with the connecting rod, the one end that the dwang was kept away from to the connecting rod is rotated and is connected on the support arm of U-shaped board.
Preferably, be located bottom plate top between first pivot and the lifter plate is fixed with vertical piece, the top slidable mounting of vertical piece has the sliding block, it is connected with the second connecting rod to rotate between the outer wall of sliding block and the outer wall of fixed plate, works as can drive the sliding block through the second connecting rod during fixed plate rebound and remove to the direction of keeping away from the lifter plate, the top of sliding block is fixed with the installing frame, the outer wall that the installing frame is close to first pivot is fixed with the mounting panel, set up porosely on the mounting panel, and downthehole rotatable second pivot of installing, the flabellum is installed to the one end that the second pivot is close to the lifter plate.
Preferably, a first friction disc is fixed on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft, a second friction disc is fixed at one end, close to the first friction disc, of the second rotating shaft, and the outer wall of the cambered surface of the second friction disc is attached to the outer wall of the plane of the first friction disc.
Preferably, the mounting frame is close to middle lateral wall and is fixed with two parting beads, and two common horizontal sliding installs between the parting bead and removes the frame, the tooth's socket has all been seted up to the inner wall of both sides about removing the frame, the second pivot passes from removing the frame, just the outer wall of second pivot is fixed with incomplete gear, tooth's socket intermittent type nature meshing of both sides inner wall about incomplete gear tooth and the removal frame, the inner wall that the mounting frame is close to both sides about all is provided with the heating element who is used for producing hot air, and two heating element are about the axle center central symmetry of first pivot.
Preferably, heating element includes the piston pipe, the lateral wall at the installing frame is fixed to the piston pipe, the outer wall that the piston pipe was kept away from to the removal frame is fixed with the fixed block, the outer wall of fixed block is fixed with the piston rod, the inner wall sliding connection that the one end of piston rod stretched into in the piston pipe and passed through piston board and piston pipe, the outer wall intercommunication of piston pipe has one-way intake pipe, the outer wall intercommunication that the piston pipe is close to the flabellum has the outlet duct, just install discharge valve in the outlet duct, open when discharge valve senses pressure and reaches the threshold value.
A method for controlling ohmic heating and drying process of salted and preserved fish comprises the following steps:
s1: pickling of raw fish: killing 1-2 kg of raw material live fish by knocking head, splitting the belly of the live fish, removing head, tail, scales, internal organs and black films, splitting along spinal bones to prepare fillets, cleaning blood stains on the surfaces of the fillets with clear water, draining at room temperature, accurately weighing salt accounting for 5-9% of the weight of the fish, uniformly coating the salt on the whole body of the fillets, neatly stacking the fillets added with the salt in a stainless steel basin, placing the fillets in a refrigerator at 0-5 ℃ for pickling, and turning over the fillets up and down at intervals for 3-5 days in total;
s2: drying: taking out the pickled fish, cleaning the surface of the fish with clear water, draining at room temperature, weighing the fish, controlling the quality of the fish to be 250-280 g, placing the fish on a lifting plate, and clamping and fixing the fish through two electrode plates;
s3: then the two electrode tips are electrified to form a complete circuit, the fish is subjected to ohmic heating and drying, the water content of the fish is continuously reduced in the heating process, the volume is also continuously reduced, the weight is also reduced, the lifting plate can be driven to move upwards under the action of the elasticity of the second spring, the two sliding plates and the electrode plates can be driven to slide relatively simultaneously under the connecting action of the first connecting rod, the two electrode plates are always in contact with the fish, and the fish is prevented from being in poor contact with the electrodes;
s4: when the fish meat is dried to a preset value, the circuit is disconnected, and the fish meat is taken down and replaced with new fish meat.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through the matching of the structures, the volume and the weight of the fish are reduced due to the water loss along with the drying of the fish, at the moment, the lifting plate can move upwards under the elastic action of the first spring, at the moment, the two sliding plates can slide relatively under the connecting action of the first connecting rod, and the two electrode plates can move relatively through the first spring, so that the electrode plates and the fish are always kept in contact, and the problem of poor contact between the fish and the electrodes due to the volume reduction caused by the water loss in the drying process of the fish is avoided.
2. According to the invention, through the matching of the structures, the rotating rollers are driven by the U-shaped plates to continuously reciprocate, so that on one hand, the fish meat can be prevented from being bent due to the loss of moisture, on the other hand, the water on the surface of the fish meat can be absorbed through the absorbent cotton by rolling the fish meat, and meanwhile, the moisture in the fish meat is extruded outwards, so that the fish meat can be relatively uniform when being heated, the drying rate of the fish meat is further improved to a certain extent, the working efficiency is improved, then, along with the loss of the moisture of the fish meat, the pressure of the rotating rollers for rolling the fish meat is gradually reduced, and finally, the rotating rollers are separated from contact with the fish meat, so that the damage to the fish meat is prevented.
3. According to the invention, through the matching of the structures, the air is heated by compressing the air through the piston to be changed into hot air, then the fish can be dried through hot air along with the blowing of the fan blades, the drying efficiency of the fish is further improved, and simultaneously, the self-adaptive adjustment of the blowing size of the fan blades and the efficiency of hot air generation are achieved along with the reduction of the weight of the fish, so that the problem that the surface of the fish is too dry and hard if the original hot air strength is maintained after the moisture in the fish is reduced is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of the lifter plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a U-shaped plate of the present invention in cross-section;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view in section and perspective from another perspective taken along section line of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at A;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the invention with two electrode tabs joined;
FIG. 8 illustrates the connection of the relay of the present invention in a circuit;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the rectifying-filtering circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 10 illustrates the connection of the display panel in the circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a program flow chart of the single chip microcomputer program of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. a vertical plate; 3. a sliding plate; 4. an electrode tip; 5. a first spring; 6. an electrode plate; 7. a rotating roller; 8. a first link; 9. a lifting plate; 10. a display screen; 11. a fixing plate; 12. a telescopic rod; 13. a second spring; 14. a mounting frame; 15. a U-shaped plate; 16. a first rotating shaft; 17. a first friction disk; 18. a second rotating shaft; 19. a fan blade; 20. fish meat; 21. a second link; 22. a slider; 23. a second friction disk; 24. rotating the rod; 25. a connecting rod; 26. installing a frame; 27. mounting a plate; 28. a piston tube; 29. an air outlet pipe; 30. a vertical block; 31. a vertical slot; 32. a slider; 33. a third spring; 34. moving the frame; 35. an incomplete gear; 36. a piston rod; 37. a fixed block; 38. a parting strip; 39. a long slot plate; 40. a button block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a control salted and salted dried fish ohmic heating drying process's device, comprising a base plate 1, the top of bottom plate 1 is fixed with two riser 2, common vertical slidable mounting has lifter plate 9 between two riser 2, install telescopic link 12 between the bottom of lifter plate 9 and the top of bottom plate 1, and the extension bar outer wall of telescopic link 12 is fixed with fixed plate 11, be connected with second spring 13 between fixed plate 11 and the bottom plate 1, lifter plate 9 has sliding plate 3 and plate electrode 6 near the equal slidable mounting in top of both sides, and two plate electrode 6 are located between two sliding plates 3, electrode tip 4 is all installed to the outer wall at two plate electrode 6 looks backs, and two electrode tips 4 are connected with a complete circuit jointly, be connected with first spring 5 between adjacent sliding plate 3 and the plate electrode 6, the outer wall at two sliding plate 3 looks backs respectively with articulated between the outer wall of two riser 2 have first connecting rod 8, and can make two sliding plate 3 relative slip through first connecting rod 8 when lifter plate 9 rebound.
Put the good flesh of fish 20 of preliminary treatment on lifter plate 9, and fix it through two plate electrodes 6, under the spring action of second spring 13, make it tentatively fix, make plate electrode 6 and flesh of fish 20 can zonulae occludens, then to two electrode taps 4 access current, and form the return circuit of a completion with flesh of fish 20, the resistance through flesh of fish 20 self this moment, produce the heat when making the current pass through flesh of fish 20, thereby carry out the even heating to flesh of fish 20, make the even evaporation of moisture in the flesh of fish 20 come out, surface moisture is too fast and result in flesh of fish 20 surface too dry when preventing flesh of fish 20 from drying like this, the quality after 20 dry flesh of fish has both been improved, dry efficiency has still been improved.
And along with the drying of flesh of fish 20, the volume and the weight that water loss can make the flesh of fish reduce, this moment under the spring action of first spring 5, can make lifter plate 9 rebound, can refer to fig. 1, this moment under the connecting action of first connecting rod 8, can make two sliding plates 3 relative slip, and make two electrode pads 6 relative movement through first spring 5, make electrode pad 6 and flesh of fish 20 keep in contact all the time, avoided flesh of fish 20 in the drying process because the volume that water loss caused reduces and cause flesh of fish and electrode contact failure, utilize first spring 5 elastic connection simultaneously, can also prevent that electrode pad 6 from causing excessive extrusion to flesh of fish 20.
Further, but bottom plate 1 keeps away from the top of lifter plate 9 and installs horizontal reciprocating sliding's U-shaped plate 15 through two mounting brackets 14, and U-shaped plate 15 is located the top of lifter plate 9, two support arms of U-shaped plate 15 are close to the outer wall of lifter plate 9 and have all been seted up perpendicular groove 31, and two equal slidable mounting in inner wall that erect groove 31 have slider 32, slider 32 is connected with third spring 33 with the interior top that erects groove 31, rotate between two sliders 32 and install rotor 7, and the outer wall of rotor 7 is provided with the cotton that absorbs water.
Flesh of fish 20 is in the heating drying, drive U-shaped board 15 reciprocating motion through the external mechanism, then, can carry out the roll extrusion to flesh of fish 20 through live-rollers 7 this moment, can prevent flesh of fish 20 on the one hand because losing and crooked of moisture, on the other hand can absorb away its surperficial moisture through the cotton that absorbs water to the roll extrusion of flesh of fish 20, outwards extrude the inside moisture of flesh of fish 20 simultaneously, like this can flesh of fish 20 can be more even when being heated, and then improved flesh of fish 20's drying rate to a certain extent, and work efficiency is improved.
At the beginning, under the elasticity of third spring 33, can make live-rollers 7 press on flesh of fish 20, after flesh of fish 20 lost moisture, the volume diminishes, flesh of fish 20 can flatten, and live-rollers 7 and flesh of fish 20 break away from the contact this moment, because flesh of fish 20 can be relative stiffening after dry, if live-rollers 7 continue the roll extrusion and probably destroy flesh of fish 20, so along with the loss of flesh of fish 20 moisture, live-rollers 7 can reduce gradually the pressure of the roll extrusion of flesh of fish 20, finally break away from the contact.
Further, the bearing frame is all installed to the outer wall of two mounting brackets 14, and the axle center of two bearing frames installs rotatable first pivot 16 jointly, and first pivot 16 is located between two support arms of U-shaped plate 15, and the both ends of first pivot 16 all are fixed with dwang 24, and the one end that first pivot 16 was kept away from to dwang 24 is rotated and is connected with connecting rod 25, and the one end that dwang 24 was kept away from to connecting rod 25 is rotated and is connected on the support arm of U-shaped plate 15.
The first rotating shaft 16 is driven to rotate by an external mechanism, and then the first rotating shaft 16 drives the rotating rod 24 to rotate circumferentially, and then the connecting rod 25 is used to drive the U-shaped plate 15 to reciprocate on the mounting frame 14, which is the first embodiment for driving the U-shaped plate 15 to reciprocate.
In a second embodiment of driving the U-shaped plate 15 to reciprocate, as shown in fig. 6, a long trough plate 39 is fixed on the outer wall of the U-shaped plate 15 close to the rotating rod 24, a long trough in a vertical arrangement is opened on the long trough plate 39, a button block 40 is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating rod 24, and the button block 40 is slidably connected with the long trough on the long trough plate 39, so that when the rotating rod 24 rotates, the button block 40 can toggle the long trough plate 39 to move, thereby driving the U-shaped plate 15 to reciprocate.
Further, be located bottom plate 1 top between first pivot 16 and the lifter plate 9 and be fixed with vertical piece 30, the top slidable mounting of vertical piece 30 has sliding block 22, it is connected with second connecting rod 21 to rotate between the outer wall of sliding block 22 and the outer wall of fixed plate 11, can drive sliding block 22 to the direction removal of keeping away from lifter plate 9 through second connecting rod 21 when fixed plate 11 rebound, the top of sliding block 22 is fixed with installing frame 26, the outer wall that installing frame 26 is close to first pivot 16 is fixed with mounting panel 27, set up porosely on the mounting panel 27, and downthehole rotatable second pivot 18 of installing, flabellum 19 is installed to the one end that second pivot 18 is close to lifter plate 9.
The second rotating shaft 18 is driven to rotate through an external mechanism, then the second rotating shaft 18 drives the fan blades 19 to rotate, air is blown to the fish meat 20, the flowing of air can be accelerated, and the drying rate of the fish meat 20 is further improved.
Then along with 20 moisture losses of flesh of fish, when weight reduces, first spring 5 can drive fixed plate 11 and lifter plate 9 rebound together, this moment under the linkage effect of second connecting rod 21, can drive sliding block 22 and remove to the direction of keeping away from lifter plate 9, thereby make flabellum 19 keep away from flesh of fish 20 gradually, reduce the efficiency of blowing to flesh of fish 20, prevent that 20 moisture losses of flesh of fish from reaching behind the certain degree, the continuation of flabellum 19 is blown and is made 20 surperficial moisture losses of flesh of fish excessively fast and lead to 20 surfaces of flesh of fish too dry, can reach the effect of the 19 efficiency of blowing of self-adaptation regulation flabellum through the change of 20 weight of flesh of fish like this.
Furthermore, a first friction disc 17 is fixed on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 16, a second friction disc 23 is fixed on one end of the second rotating shaft 18 close to the first friction disc 17, and the cambered outer wall of the second friction disc 23 is attached to the planar outer wall of the first friction disc 17.
When the first rotating shaft 16 rotates, the first friction disc 17 is driven to rotate, the second friction disc 23 is driven to rotate through friction force, the second rotating shaft 18 is driven to rotate, the fan blades 19 rotate, when the sliding block 22 moves towards the direction far away from the lifting plate 9, the second rotating shaft 18 and the second friction disc 23 can move towards the first rotating shaft 16, the transmission ratio of the first friction disc 17 to the second friction disc 23 can be reduced, the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft 18 and the rotating speed of the fan blades 19 are reduced, and the effect of self-adaptive adjustment of the wind power of the fan blades 19 is achieved.
Further, the mounting frame 26 is fixed with two parting beads 38 near the lateral wall in the middle, and common horizontal slidable mounting has the removal frame 34 between two parting beads 38, the tooth's socket has all been seted up to the inner wall of removal frame 34 upper and lower both sides, the second pivot 18 passes in removing the frame 34, and the outer wall of second pivot 18 is fixed with incomplete gear 35, the tooth of incomplete gear 35 and the tooth's socket intermittent type nature meshing of the inner wall of removal frame 34 upper and lower both sides, the inner wall that the mounting frame 26 is close to upper and lower both sides all is provided with the heating element who is used for producing hot air, and two heating element are about the axle center central symmetry of first pivot 16.
Can drive incomplete gear 35 when second pivot 18 rotates and rotate, then tooth of incomplete gear 35 and the tooth's socket intermittent type nature meshing of the upper and lower both sides inner wall of removal frame 34 to drive and remove frame 34 left and right sides reciprocating motion, thereby drive heating element and produce the hot-air, then the wind that flabellum 19 blew out can become hot-blastly, thereby can further improve the drying rate to flesh of fish 20.
Further, heating element includes piston tube 28, piston tube 28 fixes the lateral wall at installing frame 26, the outer wall that removes frame 34 and keeps away from piston tube 28 is fixed with fixed block 37, the outer wall of fixed block 37 is fixed with piston rod 36, the one end of piston rod 36 stretches into in the piston tube 28 and through the inner wall sliding connection of piston board with piston tube 28, the outer wall intercommunication of piston tube 28 has one-way intake pipe, the outer wall intercommunication that piston tube 28 is close to flabellum 19 has outlet duct 29, and install discharge valve in the outlet duct 29, open when discharge valve senses pressure and reaches the threshold value.
When removing frame 34 constantly reciprocating motion, can drive piston rod 36 and piston constantly reciprocating motion in piston pipe 28 through fixed block 37, thereby inhale the piston pipe 28 with the air through one-way intake pipe in, then when the piston removes to the air extrusion, because discharge valve's effect, the air can compress earlier, simultaneously during air compression, interval between the molecule diminishes, the molecule motion is more violent, thereby produce the heat, then when air pressure reachs the default, discharge valve opens at this moment and discharges the hot air, then blow fish 20 department along with flabellum 19's rotation, heat drying is carried out to fish 20.
Moreover, when the rotation speed of the second rotating shaft 18 is reduced, the rotation speed of the incomplete gear 35 is also reduced, so that the air suction and injection speeds of the piston pipe 28 are also reduced, and the generated heat is also reduced, so that the rotation speed of the fan blades 19 can be adjusted, and the generation rate of the hot air can be adjusted adaptively.
The working principle is as follows: this control salted preserved fish ohmic heating drying process's device during use, fish 20 with the good preliminary treatment is put on lifter plate 9, and fix it through two plate electrodes 6, under the spring action of second spring 13, make it tentatively fix, make plate electrode 6 and fish 20 can zonulae occludens, then let in the electric current to two electrode tips 4, the resistance through fish 20 self this moment, make the electric current produce the heat when passing through fish 20, thereby evenly heat fish 20, make the even evaporation of moisture in fish 20 come out, surface moisture is too fast and result in fish 20 surface too dry when can preventing fish 20 dry like this, both improved the quality after 20 dry fish, dry efficiency has still been improved.
Along with flesh of fish 20's drying, the volume and the weight that moisture loss can make flesh of fish reduce, at this moment under first spring 5's elasticity effect, can make lifter plate 9 rebound, at this moment under first connecting rod 8's connecting action, can make two sliding plates 3 relative slip to make two electrode pads 6 relative movement through first spring 5, make electrode pad 6 and flesh of fish 20 keep in contact all the time, avoided flesh of fish 20 because the volume that moisture loss caused reduces and cause flesh of fish and electrode contact failure in the drying process.
A method for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of salted and preserved fish comprises the following steps:
s1: pickling of raw fish: killing 1-2 kg of live fish as a raw material by knocking the head, splitting the belly of the live fish, removing the head, the tail, scales, internal organs and black films, splitting the live fish along the vertebra to prepare fish fillets, cleaning blood stains on the surfaces of the fish fillets with clear water, draining the fish fillets at room temperature, accurately weighing salt accounting for 5-9% of the weight of the fish, uniformly coating the salt on the whole bodies of the fish fillets, neatly stacking the salted fish fillets in a stainless steel basin, placing the fish fillets in a refrigerator at 0-5 ℃ for pickling, and turning the fish fillets up and down once at intervals for 3-5 days in total.
Furthermore, fresh grass carp is selected as raw material live fish, the mass of the grass carp is 1.5kg, the salt concentration is 6% of the weight of the fish meat, the storage temperature of a refrigerator is set to be 4 ℃, and the pickling time is 4 days.
S2: drying: and (3) taking out the pickled fish, cleaning the surface of the fish by using clear water, draining at room temperature, weighing the fish, controlling the quality of the fish to be 250-280 g, placing the fish on the lifting plate 9, and clamping and fixing the fish by using the two electrode plates 6.
Further, the fish meat quality is controlled to be 260g, and if the fish meat quality is larger, the surplus fish meat is preferentially cut from the fish tail.
S3: then switch on through two electrode tips 4, make it form a complete circuit, carry out ohmic heating drying to flesh of fish 20, the in-process of heating, the flesh of fish water content constantly reduces, the volume also constantly reduces simultaneously, weight also alleviates, at this moment under the spring action of second spring 13, can drive the 9 rebound of lifter plate, under the connection of first connecting rod 8, can drive two sliding plates 3 and 6 relative sliding of plate electrode simultaneously, make two plate electrode 6 contact with flesh of fish 20 all the time, prevent flesh of fish 20 and electrode contact failure.
The circuit is shown in fig. 7 and comprises a power supply, a fixed-value resistor, a singlechip, a relay, a lead, a display screen and a rectifying and filtering circuit. The power supply voltage is set to be 80-120V, the resistance value of the fixed resistor is 200-500 omega, and the threshold value of the single chip microcomputer is set to be 0.8-1.0V.
Furthermore, the power supply voltage is 100V, the resistance value of the fixed resistor is 300 omega, and the threshold voltage of the single chip microcomputer is set to be 0.9V.
The relay plays a role in controlling the on-off of the circuit according to the signal output by the single chip microcomputer in the circuit, and the specific connection mode of the relay in the circuit is shown in fig. 8.
The display screen 10 can change the output text content according to the single chip microcomputer, so that a user can know the working state of the circuit, and the specific connection mode of the display screen in the circuit is shown in fig. 10.
The rectification filter circuit converts alternating current into direct current and filters alternating current components in the circuit, and converts 50Hz alternating current voltage into smooth direct current voltage, so that the voltage at two ends of the constant-value resistor can be better measured. The specific connection mode of the rectifying and filtering circuit in the circuit is shown in FIG. 9, wherein R 1 Is a filter resistor, C 1 、C 2 Is a capacitor, D 1 、D 2 、D 3 、D 4 Is a diode.
The control of the heating circuit is mainly completed by a single chip microcomputer, a program is preset in the single chip microcomputer, as shown in fig. 11, the voltage at two ends of the constant value resistor is detected by the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the on-off circuit of the relay and the display content of the display screen according to the detected voltage output signal.
S4: and when the fish meat 20 is dried to a preset value, the circuit is disconnected, and the fish meat 20 is taken down and replaced by a new one.
In the heating process, the water content of flesh of fish constantly reduces, and the resistance of flesh of fish constantly increases, because total mains voltage is unchangeable, and constant resistance both ends voltage constantly reduces, when detection voltage reduces threshold voltage, single chip microcomputer control relay open circuit to change the literal content of display screen 10 output, when display screen 10 shows "the end", reacing the dry-process terminal point, obtain the product.
The standard parts used in the present embodiment may be purchased directly from the market, and the non-standard structural components described in the specification and drawings may be obtained by processing without any doubt according to the common general knowledge in the art, and the connection manner of the respective parts is by the conventional means developed in the art, and the machines, parts and equipment are of the conventional type in the art, so that the detailed description thereof is omitted.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a device of control salted preserved fish ohmic heating drying process, includes bottom plate (1), its characterized in that: the improved lifting plate is characterized in that two vertical plates (2) are fixed to the top of the bottom plate (1), a lifting plate (9) is arranged between the vertical plates (2) in a common sliding mode, a telescopic rod (12) is arranged between the bottom of the lifting plate (9) and the top of the bottom plate (1), a fixing plate (11) is fixed to the outer wall of an extension rod of the telescopic rod (12), a second spring (13) is connected between the fixing plate (11) and the bottom plate (1), sliding plates (3) and electrode plates (6) are arranged at the tops, close to two sides, of the lifting plate (9), the electrode plates (6) are located between the two sliding plates (3), two electrode tips (4) are arranged on the outer wall of the back face of the electrode plates (6), the two electrode tips (4) are connected with a complete circuit in a common mode, the adjacent first springs (5) are connected between the sliding plates (3) and the electrode plates (6), the outer wall of the back face of the sliding plates (3) is hinged to first connecting rods (8) between the outer wall of the outer walls of the two vertical plates (2) and when the lifting plate (9) can move upwards, the two sliding plates (3) can slide relatively.
2. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein: but bottom plate (1) keep away from the top of lifter plate (9) and install horizontal reciprocating sliding's U-shaped plate (15) through two mounting bracket (14), just U-shaped plate (15) are located the top of lifter plate (9), the outer wall that two support arms of U-shaped plate (15) are close to lifter plate (9) has all been seted up and has been erected groove (31), and two erect equal slidable mounting of inner wall in groove (31) and have slider (32), slider (32) and the interior top of erecting groove (31) are connected with third spring (33), two rotate between slider (32) and install live-rollers (7), and the outer wall of live-rollers (7) is provided with the cotton that absorbs water.
3. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 2, wherein: two the bearing frame is all installed to the outer wall of mounting bracket (14), and the axle center of two bearing frames installs rotatable first pivot (16) jointly, just first pivot (16) are located between two support arms of U-shaped plate (15), the both ends of first pivot (16) all are fixed with dwang (24), the one end that first pivot (16) were kept away from in dwang (24) is rotated and is connected with connecting rod (25), the one end that dwang (24) were kept away from in connecting rod (25) is rotated and is connected on the support arm of U-shaped plate (15).
4. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 3, wherein: be located bottom plate (1) top between first pivot (16) and lifter plate (9) is fixed with vertical piece (30), the top slidable mounting of vertical piece (30) has sliding block (22), it is connected with second connecting rod (21) to rotate between the outer wall of sliding block (22) and the outer wall of fixed plate (11), works as can drive sliding block (22) through second connecting rod (21) during fixed plate (11) rebound and remove to the direction of keeping away from lifter plate (9), the top of sliding block (22) is fixed with installing frame (26), the outer wall that installing frame (26) are close to first pivot (16) is fixed with mounting panel (27), set up porosely on mounting panel (27), and downthehole rotatable second pivot (18) of installing, flabellum (19) are installed to second pivot (18) one end that is close to lifter plate (9).
5. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a first friction disc (17) is fixed on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (16), a second friction disc (23) is fixed at one end, close to the first friction disc (17), of the second rotating shaft (18), and the outer wall of the cambered surface of the second friction disc (23) is attached to the outer wall of the plane of the first friction disc (17).
6. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted fish in claim 4 or 5, which comprises: installing frame (26) are close to the lateral wall in the middle of and are fixed with two parting beads (38), and two common horizontal sliding installs between parting bead (38) and remove frame (34), the tooth's socket has all been seted up to the inner wall of both sides about removing frame (34), pass in second pivot (18) follow removal frame (34), just the outer wall of second pivot (18) is fixed with incomplete gear (35), the tooth of incomplete gear (35) and the tooth's socket intermittent type nature meshing of both sides inner wall about removing frame (34), the inner wall that installing frame (26) are close to both sides about all is provided with the heating element who is used for producing hot air, and two heating element are about the axle center symmetry of first pivot (16).
7. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 6, wherein: heating element includes piston pipe (28), the lateral wall at installing frame (26) is fixed in piston pipe (28), the outer wall that piston pipe (28) were kept away from in removal frame (34) is fixed with fixed block (37), the outer wall of fixed block (37) is fixed with piston rod (36), the one end of piston rod (36) stretches into in piston pipe (28) and through the inner wall sliding connection of piston board with piston pipe (28), the outer wall intercommunication of piston pipe (28) has one-way intake pipe, the outer wall intercommunication that piston pipe (28) are close to flabellum (19) has outlet duct (29), just install discharge valve in outlet duct (29), open when discharge valve senses pressure and reaches the threshold value.
8. A method for using the apparatus for controlling an ohmic heating drying process of salted fish as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: pickling of raw fish: killing 1-2 kg of raw material live fish by knocking the head, splitting the belly of the live fish, removing the head, the tail, scales, internal organs and black films, splitting along spinal bones to obtain fillets, cleaning blood stains on the surfaces of the fillets with clear water, draining at room temperature, accurately weighing salt with the weight of 5-9% of the weight of the fish, uniformly coating the salt on the whole body of the fillets, neatly stacking the fillets after adding the salt in a stainless steel basin, placing the fillets in a refrigerator with the temperature of 0-5 ℃ for pickling, and turning the fillets up and down once at intervals for 3-5 days in total;
s2: drying: taking out the pickled fish, cleaning the surface of the fish with clear water, draining at room temperature, weighing the fish, controlling the quality of the fish to be 250-280 g, placing the fish on a lifting plate (9), and clamping and fixing the fish through two electrode plates (6);
s3: then electrify through two electrode tips (4), make it form a complete circuit, carry on the ohm to fish (20) and heat and dry, in the course of heating, the water content of fish constantly reduces, the volume also constantly reduces at the same time, the weight also lightens, at this moment under the elastic force of the second spring (13), can drive the lifting plate (9) to move upwards, under the connecting action of the first tie rod (8), can drive two sliding plates (3) and electrode pad (6) and relatively slide at the same time, make two electrode pad (6) contact with fish (20) all the time, prevent fish (20) and electrode contact badly;
s4: when the fish meat (20) is dried to a preset value, the circuit is disconnected, and the fish meat (20) is taken down and replaced with a new one.
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