CN114353173B - Direct expansion type phase-change energy-storage heat pump system and working method - Google Patents

Direct expansion type phase-change energy-storage heat pump system and working method Download PDF

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CN114353173B
CN114353173B CN202210075026.7A CN202210075026A CN114353173B CN 114353173 B CN114353173 B CN 114353173B CN 202210075026 A CN202210075026 A CN 202210075026A CN 114353173 B CN114353173 B CN 114353173B
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electromagnetic valve
air
valve
temperature
phase
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CN114353173A (en
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陈晓明
刘其炘
蒋柱武
邱金友
陈昀煌
罗煊
郑雄
龚跃方
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Fujian University of Technology
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    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Abstract

The invention relates to a direct expansion type phase-change energy-storage heat pump system and a working method thereof, wherein the direct expansion type phase-change energy-storage heat pump system comprises an indoor unit, an outdoor unit and a water tank, the indoor unit comprises an indoor unit shell, a fan section is arranged above the inside of the indoor unit shell, a return air section is arranged below the inside of the indoor unit shell, an air supply opening communicated with the fan section is arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the indoor unit shell, and an air return opening communicated with the return air section is arranged at the lower part of the side surface of the indoor unit shell; the middle part of the indoor unit shell is provided with a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the upper end of the first heat exchange channel is communicated with the fan section, and the lower end of the first heat exchange channel is communicated with the return air section; the upper end of the second heat exchange channel is communicated with the fan section, and the lower end of the second heat exchange channel is communicated with the return air section; an indoor air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged in the first heat exchange channel, and a phase change energy storage cold accumulation device is arranged in the second heat exchange channel; and a phase change energy storage and heat accumulation device is arranged in the water tank. The method for preparing hot water by recovering the waste heat of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle has remarkable effects of improving the energy utilization rate, reducing the operation cost and relieving the pressure of a power grid.

Description

Direct expansion type phase-change energy-storage heat pump system and working method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pumps and phase-change energy storage, in particular to a direct expansion type phase-change energy storage heat pump system and a working method thereof.
Background
With the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, air conditioners and water heaters are increasingly becoming the necessity of most families in China. However, the problem of high energy consumption of air conditioning and hot water brings great pressure to energy supply in China. The air source heat pump water heater heats water by absorbing heat in air, and the power consumption for heating the same hot water is only about 1/4 of that of the electric water heater, so that the air source heat pump water heater has wide attention and application due to high energy efficiency. The air conditioner rejects heat to the environment during the vapor compression refrigeration cycle, and the air source heat pump water heater absorbs heat from the environment during the vapor compression heating cycle, so that energy waste exists.
The phase-change energy storage technology based on the phase-change material has the advantages of high energy storage density, small temperature change in the energy storage process and the like, and can effectively solve the problem of mismatching of energy supply and demand in time and use intensity. The phase-change material is combined with an air conditioner or a heat pump system, cold energy is stored in the phase-change material at night, the cold energy is released in daytime to cool indoor environment, peak shifting and valley filling of electric power can be realized, and the cooling operation cost is reduced. How to realize the rapid energy storage of the phase-change material is the key of the application of the phase-change energy storage system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a direct expansion type phase change energy storage heat pump system capable of improving energy utilization rate and reducing operation cost and a working method thereof.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: the direct expansion type phase change energy storage heat pump system comprises an indoor unit, an outdoor unit and a water tank which are connected through pipelines, wherein the indoor unit comprises an indoor unit shell, a fan section is arranged above the inside of the indoor unit shell, a return air section is arranged below the inside of the indoor unit shell, an air supply opening communicated with the fan section is arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the indoor unit shell, and an air return opening communicated with the return air section is arranged at the lower part of the side surface of the indoor unit shell; the middle part of the indoor unit shell is provided with a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the upper end of the first heat exchange channel is communicated with the fan section, and the lower end of the first heat exchange channel is communicated with the return air section; the upper end of the second heat exchange channel is communicated with the fan section, and the lower end of the second heat exchange channel is communicated with the return air section; an indoor air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged in the first heat exchange channel, and a phase change energy storage cold accumulation device is arranged in the second heat exchange channel; and a phase change energy storage and heat accumulation device is arranged in the water tank.
Further, a first electric air valve for controlling the switch of the first heat exchange channel is arranged at the lower end of the first heat exchange channel; the lower end of the second heat exchange channel is provided with a second electric air valve for controlling the switch of the second heat exchange channel; and the pipeline of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger and the first electromagnetic valve which are connected in series through the refrigerant pipeline is connected in parallel with the pipeline of the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation device and the second electromagnetic valve which are connected in series through the refrigerant pipeline.
Further, the outdoor unit comprises an outdoor unit shell provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a four-way reversing valve, a third electromagnetic valve, an outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger, a throttling device, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a sixth electromagnetic valve, a seventh electromagnetic valve, an eighth electromagnetic valve and a condensing fan; the air suction port of the compressor is connected with the gas-liquid separator through a refrigerant pipeline, and the air exhaust port is connected with the four-way reversing valve through a refrigerant pipeline; one port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with the gas-liquid separator through a refrigerant pipeline, one port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline through a third electromagnetic valve, and the other port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline; one end of the throttling device is connected with the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline and a fourth electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the throttling device is connected with the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline and a first electromagnetic valve; the pipeline formed by connecting the water tank and the fifth electromagnetic valve in series is connected with the pipeline formed by connecting the third electromagnetic valve, the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger and the fourth electromagnetic valve in series in parallel; the pipeline of the fourth electromagnetic valve and the throttling device after being connected in series is connected with the pipeline of the sixth electromagnetic valve in parallel; one end of the seventh electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the water tank and the fifth electromagnetic valve through a refrigerant pipeline, and the other end of the seventh electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the four-way reversing valve and the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline; one end of the eighth electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the third electromagnetic valve and the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline, and the other end of the eighth electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the four-way reversing valve and the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline.
Further, a first temperature sensor is arranged at the air return port; a second temperature sensor is arranged at the air supply port; and a third temperature sensor is arranged at the water outlet pipe of the water tank.
Further, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged on the shell of the water tank, and the phase-change energy-storage heat-storage device is positioned in water in the water tank; the water inlet pipe is sequentially provided with a filter, a check valve and a first gate valve; and a second gate valve is arranged on the drain pipe.
Further, the phase-change energy storage and cold accumulation device and the phase-change energy storage and cold accumulation device are composed of a plurality of phase-change energy storage modules which are parallel to each other, the phase-change energy storage modules are embedded in a metal plate by adopting phase-change materials, refrigerant pipelines are coiled in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui' in the phase-change materials, certain intervals are reserved between the refrigerant pipelines, the external shapes of the refrigerant pipelines are light pipes or rectangular solids with external fins, and certain intervals are reserved between the adjacent phase-change energy storage modules to form channels; the phase change material is inorganic hydrated salt, paraffin or organic-inorganic composite phase change material, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the phase change energy storage cold accumulation device is 7-12 ℃; the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the phase change energy storage heat storage device is 40-45 ℃.
Further, the indoor unit shell of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit shell of the outdoor unit are both metal shells or plastic shells; the shell of the water tank is a metal shell; the heat insulation materials are arranged on the periphery of the outer sides of the indoor unit shell of the indoor unit and the outer sides of the shells of the water tanks, and are polyurethane, polystyrene, glass wool or rubber and plastic.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: the working method of the direct expansion type phase change energy storage heat pump system comprises the following steps:
step S1: setting the indoor set temperature to beT aset The hot water is set to be at the temperature ofT wset ；
Step S2: the indoor temperature detected by the first temperature sensor isT n The second temperature sensor detects that the air supply temperature of the indoor unit isT o The third temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the hot water in the water tank isT w Indoor temperatureT n With indoor set temperatureT aset The control temperature difference delta betweenT a Temperature of hot waterT w Setting the temperature with hot waterT wset The control temperature difference delta betweenT w Indoor temperatureT n And air supply temperatureT o The control temperature difference delta betweenT o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the case of the cooling mode,T n and set upT aset And%T aset -△T a ) A comparison is made with respect to the number of the cells,T n and%T o +△T o ) Comparing; in the heating mode, the air is heated,T n and set upT aset And%T aset +△T a ) Comparing;T w and set up T wset And%T wset -△T w ) Comparing;
step S3: selecting an operation mode: cold accumulation mode, cold supply mode, heating mode and water tank heat accumulation mode;
step S4: and performing a cold accumulation mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S41: when (when)T w ＜T wset When the process advances to step S42T w ≥T wset At this time, the process advances to step S43;
step S42: the controller opens the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor and the fifth electromagnetic valve, closes the blower, the first electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the water tank through the four-way reversing valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve, heat is released by heat exchange with the phase-change material and water in the water tank, the phase-change material is changed into liquid from solid state, the refrigerant steam forms medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed after passing through the throttling device, the heat of the phase-change material is absorbed in the phase-change energy storage cold storage module through the second electromagnetic valve, the phase-change material is changed into solid state from liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam is re-entered into the gas-liquid separator through the four-way reversing valve and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor; the process is repeated, the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation module realizes cold accumulation, and the water tank realizes heat accumulation; when the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation module is full, entering a step S2; otherwise, step S41 is entered; whether the cold energy of the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module is full or not is obtained through an algorithm;
Step S43: the controller opens the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and closes the blower, the first electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve and the eighth electromagnetic valve; the condensing fan introduces outdoor air into the outdoor unit through the air inlet, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger, and discharges the air after heat exchange out of the room through the air outlet; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially passes through the four-way reversing valve and the third electromagnetic valve to enter the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger to exchange heat with air and release heat to form medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the fourth electromagnetic valve and the throttling device to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the second electromagnetic valve to enter the phase-change energy storage cold storage module to absorb heat of the phase-change material, the phase-change material is changed from a liquid state to a solid state, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam enters the gas-liquid separator again through the four-way reversing valve and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor; the above processes are repeated, and the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module realizes cold accumulation; when the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation module is full, entering a step S2; otherwise, step S41 is entered; whether the cold energy of the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module is full or not is obtained through an algorithm;
Step S5: and executing a cooling mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S51: when (when)T n ＞T aset When the process advances to step S52T n ≤T aset At this time, the process advances to step S53;
step S52: the controller opens the blower and the second electric air valve, and closes the first electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing blower; the air blower sequentially introduces indoor air into the second heat exchange channel through the air return port, the filter screen, the air return section and the second electric air valve, exchanges heat with the phase change material in the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module, and sequentially sends the air subjected to heat exchange into the room through the air blower section and the air supply port; the above-mentioned process is repeatedly carried out, and the room realizes cooling; when (when)T n ＜（T o +△T o ) At this time, the process advances to step S54; when (when)T n ≥（T o +△T o ) And is also provided withT n ≤（T aset -△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S51;
step S53: the controller opens the blower and the first electric air valve, and closes the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing blower; the air blower sequentially passes through the air return opening, the filter screen, the air return section, the first electric air valve, the first heat exchange channel, the indoor air cooling heat exchanger, the fan section and the air supply opening to be fed into a room; when (when) T n ＞T aset At this time, the process advances to step S51;
step S54: when (when)T n ＞T aset When the process advances to step S55T n ≤T aset At this time, the process advances to step S56;
step S55: when (when)T w ＜T wset When it is time, the process proceeds to step S57, whenT w ≥T wset At this time, the process advances to step S58;
step S56: the controller opens the blower and the first electric air valve, and closes the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing blower; the air blower sequentially passes through the air return opening, the filter screen, the air return section, the first electric air valve, the first heat exchange channel, the indoor air cooling heat exchanger, the fan section and the air supply opening to be fed into a room; when (when)T n ＞T aset At this time, the process advances to step S54;
step S57: the controller opens the blower, the first electromagnetic valve, the compressor and the fifth electromagnetic valve, and closes the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve and the eighth electromagnetic valve; the air blower sequentially introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel through the air return port, the filter screen, the air return section and the first electric air valve, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the indoor through the air blower section and the air supply port to cool the indoor environment; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the water tank through the four-way reversing valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve, heat is released by heat exchange with phase-change materials and water in the water tank, the phase-change materials are changed from solid state to liquid state, the refrigerant steam forms medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed after passing through the throttling device, the refrigerant liquid enters the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through the first electromagnetic valve to exchange heat with indoor return air, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid becomes low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, the refrigerant steam reenters the gas-liquid separator through the four-way reversing valve, Is absorbed and compressed again by a compressor; the process is repeatedly carried out, the room realizes cooling, and the water tank realizes heat storage; when (when)T n ≤（T aset -△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S54; when (when)T n ＞（T aset -△T a ) And is also provided withT w ≥（T wset +△T w ) At this time, the process advances to step S55;
step S58: the controller opens the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and closes the blower, the first electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve and the eighth electromagnetic valve; the air blower sequentially introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel through the air return port, the filter screen, the air return section and the first electric air valve, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the indoor through the air blower section and the air supply port to cool the indoor environment; the condensing fan sequentially passes through the air inlet, the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger and the air outlet and then is discharged out of the room; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially passes through the four-way reversing valve and the third electromagnetic valve, enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger to exchange heat with air and release heat to form medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the fourth electromagnetic valve and the throttling device to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger to exchange heat with indoor return air through the first electromagnetic valve, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam enters the gas-liquid separator again through the four-way reversing valve and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor; the above-mentioned process is repeatedly carried out, and the room realizes cooling; when (when) T n ≤（T aset -△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S54; otherwise, step S55 is entered;
step S6: and executing a heating mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S61: when (when)T n ＜T aset When the process advances to step S62T n ≥T aset At this time, the process advances to step S63;
step S62: the controller opens the blower, the first electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and closes the second electric air valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve and the eighth electromagnetic valve; the air blower sequentially introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel through the air return port, the filter screen, the air return section and the first electric air valve, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the room through the air blower section and the air supply port; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam enters the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through the four-way reversing valve to exchange heat with indoor return air to release heat, medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed, the medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the first electromagnetic valve and the throttling device to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through the fourth electromagnetic valve to absorb heat of outdoor air to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam sequentially passes through the third electromagnetic valve and the four-way reversing valve to reenter the gas-liquid separator to be absorbed and compressed by the compressor again; the above-mentioned process is repeatedly carried out, so that the room can be heated; when (when) T n ≥（T aset +△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S61;
step S63: the controller opens the blower and the first electric air valve, and closes the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing blower; the air blower sequentially passes through the air return opening, the filter screen, the air return section, the first electric air valve, the first heat exchange channel, the indoor air cooling heat exchanger, the fan section and the air supply opening to be fed into a room; when (when)T n ＜T aset At this time, the process advances to step S61;
step S7: executing a water tank heat storage mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S71: when (when)T w ＜T wset When in process, enterStep S72, whenT w ≥T wset At this time, the process advances to step S73;
step S72: the controller opens the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and closes the blower, the first electric air valve, the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the eighth electromagnetic valve; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the water tank through the four-way reversing valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve, heat is released through heat exchange with phase-change materials and water in the water tank, the phase-change materials are changed into liquid from solid state, the refrigerant steam forms medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid forms low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid after passing through the throttling device, the refrigerant liquid enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through the sixth electromagnetic valve to absorb heat of outdoor air, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid becomes low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the gas-liquid separator again through the third electromagnetic valve and the four-way reversing valve and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor; the process is repeatedly carried out, and the water tank stores heat; when (when) T w ≥T wset When the water tank is full of heat storage, entering step S2;
step S73: the controller closes the blower, the first electric air valve, the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and then enters step S2; when (when)T w ≤（T wset -△T w ) At this time, the process advances to step S71.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The system can accurately and rapidly switch the operation under different working conditions, utilizes the night off-peak electricity price to store and heat, recovers the residual heat of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle to prepare hot water, meets the requirements of cold supply, heating and hot water supply of a building, and has remarkable effects of improving the energy utilization rate, reducing the operation cost and relieving the pressure of a power grid;
(2) The refrigerant pipeline is directly buried into the phase change material, so that direct heat exchange between the refrigerant and the phase change material is realized, intermediate heat exchange links of the secondary refrigerant are reduced, meanwhile, the refrigerant pipeline is coiled in a shape like a Chinese character 'Hui' in the phase change material, high-temperature and low-temperature refrigerant pipeline interval arrangement is realized, the temperature between the phase change materials is relatively uniform, the heat exchange effect is relatively good, and the energy storage efficiency can be improved.
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and associated drawings for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a phase change energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a phase change energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A section A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a system operation method implementation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 1 is an indoor unit, 2 is an outdoor unit, 3 is a water tank, 4 is a controller, 5 is a fan section, 6 is a return air section, 7 is an air supply opening, 8 is a return air opening, 9 is a filter screen, 10 is an air feeder, 11 is a first heat exchange channel, 12 is a second heat exchange channel, 13 is an indoor air-cooled heat exchanger, 14 is a phase-change energy storage cold accumulation device, 15 is a first electric air valve, 16 is a second electric air valve, 17 is a first electromagnetic valve, 18 is a second electromagnetic valve, 19 is a compressor, 20 is a gas-liquid separator, 21 is a four-way reversing valve, 22 is a third electromagnetic valve, 23 is an outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger, 24 is a throttling device, 25 is a fourth electromagnetic valve, 26 is a fifth electromagnetic valve, 27 is a sixth electromagnetic valve, 28 is a seventh electromagnetic valve, 29 is an eighth electromagnetic valve, 30 is an air inlet, 31 is an air outlet, 32 is a condensing fan, 33 is a phase-change energy storage heat accumulation device, 34 is a water inlet pipe, 35 is a water outlet pipe, 36 is a water outlet pipe, 37 is a filter, 38 is a back valve, 39 is a first gate valve, 141 is a second gate valve, 141 is a gate valve, 142 is a pipeline, 142 is a phase-change plate is a metal material.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a direct expansion type phase change energy storage heat pump system comprises an indoor unit, an outdoor unit and a water tank which are connected through pipelines, wherein the indoor unit comprises an indoor unit shell, a fan section 5 is arranged above the inside of the indoor unit shell, a return air section 6 is arranged below the inside of the indoor unit shell, an air supply opening 7 communicated with the fan section 5 is arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the indoor unit shell, and an air return opening 8 communicated with the return air section 6 is arranged at the lower part of the side surface of the indoor unit shell; the middle part of the indoor unit shell is provided with a first heat exchange channel 11 and a second heat exchange channel 12, the upper end of the first heat exchange channel 11 is communicated with the fan section, and the lower end of the first heat exchange channel is communicated with the return air section 6; the upper end of the second heat exchange channel 12 is communicated with the fan section 5, and the lower end is communicated with the return air section 6; an indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13 is arranged in the first heat exchange channel 11, and a phase-change energy storage cold accumulation device 14 is arranged in the second heat exchange channel 12; a phase change energy storage and heat accumulation device is arranged in the water tank; the system can accurately and rapidly switch the operation under different working conditions, utilizes the night off-peak electricity price to store and heat, recovers the residual heat of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle to prepare hot water, meets the requirements of cold supply, heating and hot water supply of buildings, and has remarkable effects of improving the energy utilization rate, reducing the operation cost and relieving the power grid pressure.
In this embodiment, a first electric air valve 15 is disposed at the lower end of the first heat exchange channel 11 to control the opening and closing of the first heat exchange channel 11; the lower end of the second heat exchange channel 12 is provided with a second electric air valve 16 for controlling the second heat exchange channel 12 to be opened and closed; the pipeline of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13 and the first electromagnetic valve 17 which are connected in series through a refrigerant pipeline is connected in parallel with the pipeline of the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation device 14 and the second electromagnetic valve 18 which are connected in series through the refrigerant pipeline; the air blower 10 introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel 11 through the return air inlet 8, the filter screen 9, the return air section 6 and the first electric air valve 15 in sequence, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13, and sends the air after heat exchange into the room through the fan section 5 and the air supply opening 7 in sequence, or introduces indoor air into the second heat exchange channel 12 through the return air inlet 8, the filter screen 9, the return air section 6 and the second electric air valve 16 in sequence, exchanges heat with the phase-change material of the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation module 14, and sends the air after heat exchange into the room through the fan section 5 and the air supply opening 7 in sequence.
In this embodiment, the outdoor unit includes an outdoor unit casing provided with an air inlet 30 and an air outlet 31, a compressor 19, a gas-liquid separator 20, a four-way reversing valve 21, a third electromagnetic valve 22, an outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23, a throttling device 24, a fourth electromagnetic valve 25, a fifth electromagnetic valve 26, a sixth electromagnetic valve 27, a seventh electromagnetic valve 28, an eighth electromagnetic valve 29 and a condensing fan 32; the air suction port of the compressor 19 is connected with the gas-liquid separator 20 through a refrigerant pipeline, and the air discharge port is connected with the four-way reversing valve 21 through a refrigerant pipeline; one port of the four-way reversing valve 21 is connected with the gas-liquid separator 20 through a refrigerant pipeline, one port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23 through a refrigerant pipeline through a third electromagnetic valve 22, and one port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13 through a refrigerant pipeline; one end of the throttling device 24 is connected with the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23 through a refrigerant pipeline and a fourth electromagnetic valve 25, and the other end of the throttling device is connected with the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13 through a refrigerant pipeline and a first electromagnetic valve 17; the pipeline formed by connecting the water tank 3 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 26 in series is connected with the pipeline formed by connecting the third electromagnetic valve 22, the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 in series in parallel; the pipeline of the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 and the throttling device 24 which are connected in series is connected in parallel with the pipeline of the sixth electromagnetic valve 27; one end of the seventh electromagnetic valve 28 is connected to a pipeline between the water tank 3 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 26 through a refrigerant pipeline, and the other end of the seventh electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the four-way reversing valve 21 and the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13 through a refrigerant pipeline; one end of the eighth electromagnetic valve 29 is connected to a pipeline between the third electromagnetic valve 22 and the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23 through a refrigerant pipeline, and the other end of the eighth electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the four-way reversing valve 21 and the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13 through a refrigerant pipeline; the condensing fan 32 is located inside the outdoor unit 2, introduces the outdoor air into the outdoor unit 2 through the air inlet 30, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23, and discharges the heat exchanged air to the outdoor environment through the air outlet 31.
In this embodiment, the blower 10 is a centrifugal blower; the condensing fan 32 is an axial flow fan.
In this embodiment, a first temperature sensor T1 is disposed at the return air inlet 8; a second temperature sensor T2 is arranged at the air supply outlet 7; a third temperature sensor T3 is arranged at the water outlet pipe 36 of the water tank 3.
In this embodiment, a water inlet pipe 34, a water outlet pipe 35 and a water outlet pipe 36 are provided on the housing of the water tank 3, and the phase-change energy-storage heat-storage device 33 is located in the water inside the water tank 3; the water inlet pipe 34 is sequentially provided with a filter 37, a check valve 38 and a first gate valve 39; the drain pipe 35 is provided with a second gate valve 40.
In this embodiment, the device further comprises a controller, wherein the controller 4 is a single-chip microcomputer, one end of the controller is connected with an alternating current live wire, and the other end of the controller is connected with an alternating current null wire; the blower 10, the compressor 19, the condensing fan 32, the first temperature sensor T1, the second temperature sensor T2, the third temperature sensor T3, the first electric damper 15, the second electric damper 16, the first electromagnetic valve 17, the second electromagnetic valve 18, the third electromagnetic valve 22, the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, the fifth electromagnetic valve 26, the sixth electromagnetic valve 27, the seventh electromagnetic valve 28, the eighth electromagnetic valve 29, and the four-way reversing valve 21 are electrically connected to the controller 4.
In this embodiment, the phase-change energy storage device and the phase-change energy storage device are each composed of a plurality of phase-change energy storage modules parallel to each other, the phase-change energy storage modules are embedded in a metal plate by adopting phase-change materials, refrigerant pipelines are coiled in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui' in the phase-change materials and have certain intervals between the refrigerant pipelines, the external shape of the refrigerant pipelines is a light pipe or a cuboid with external fins, and certain intervals are reserved between adjacent phase-change energy storage modules to form channels; the phase change material is inorganic hydrated salt, paraffin or organic-inorganic composite phase change material, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the phase change energy storage cold accumulation device 14 is 7-12 ℃; the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the phase change energy storage and heat accumulation device 33 is 40-45 ℃; compared with the existing phase-change energy storage module, the phase-change energy storage cold storage device 14 and the phase-change energy storage heat storage device 33 directly integrate refrigerant pipelines into the phase-change material and are arranged at intervals, the refrigerant pipelines are directly buried into the phase-change material, direct heat exchange between the refrigerant and the phase-change material is achieved, intermediate heat exchange links of the secondary refrigerant are reduced, meanwhile, the refrigerant pipelines are coiled in a shape like a Chinese character 'Hui' in the phase-change material, high-low temperature refrigerant pipeline interval arrangement is achieved, the temperature between the phase-change materials is uniform, the heat exchange effect is good, and the energy storage efficiency can be improved.
In this embodiment, the indoor unit casing of the indoor unit 1 and the outdoor unit casing of the outdoor unit 2 are both metal casings or plastic casings; the shell of the water tank 3 is a metal shell; the heat insulation materials are arranged on the periphery of the outer sides of the indoor unit shell of the indoor unit 1 and the shell of the water tank 3 and used for preventing heat from being dissipated into the environment; the heat insulation material is polyurethane, polystyrene, glass wool or rubber and plastic.
The working method of the direct expansion type phase change energy storage heat pump system comprises the following steps:
step S1: the indoor set temperature is set to be the temperature through the controllerT aset The hot water is set to be at the temperature ofT wset ；
Step S2: the indoor temperature detected by the first temperature sensor T1 isT n The second temperature sensor T2 detects that the air supply temperature of the indoor unit isT o The third temperature sensor T3 detects that the hot water temperature of the water tank isT w Indoor temperatureT n With indoor set temperatureT aset The control temperature difference delta betweenT a Temperature of hot waterT w Setting the temperature with hot waterT wset The control temperature difference delta betweenT w Indoor temperatureT n And air supply temperatureT o The control temperature difference delta betweenT o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the case of the cooling mode,T n and is set in the controller 4T aset And%T aset -△T a ) A comparison is made with respect to the number of the cells,T n and%T o +△T o ) Comparing; in the heating mode, the air is heated, T n And is set in the controller 4T aset And%T aset +△T a ) Comparing;T w with the controller 4T wset And%T wset -△T w ) Comparing;
step S3: selecting an operation mode by the controller: cold accumulation mode, cold supply mode, heating mode and water tank heat accumulation mode;
step S4: and performing a cold accumulation mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S41: when (when)T w ＜T wset When the process advances to step S42T w ≥T wset At this time, the process advances to step S43;
step S42: the controller 4 opens the second solenoid valve 18, the compressor 19, the fifth solenoid valve 26, closes the blower 10, the first solenoid valve 17, the third solenoid valve 22, the fourth solenoid valve 25, the sixth solenoid valve 27, the seventh solenoid valve 28, the eighth solenoid valve 29, and the condensing fan 32; the compressor 19 absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant vapor in the gas-liquid separator 20, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant vapor is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant vapor sequentially enters the water tank 3 through the four-way reversing valve 21 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 26, heat is released through heat exchange with phase-change materials and water in the water tank 3, the phase-change materials are changed from solid state to liquid state, the refrigerant vapor forms medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed after passing through the throttling device 24, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the phase-change energy storage cold storage module 14 through the second electromagnetic valve 18 to absorb heat of the phase-change materials, the phase-change materials are changed from liquid state to solid state, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and the refrigerant vapor enters the gas-liquid separator 20 again through the four-way reversing valve 21 and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor 19; the above process is repeated, the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module 14 realizes cold accumulation, and the water tank 3 realizes heat accumulation; when the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation module 14 is full, the step S2 is entered; otherwise, step S41 is entered; wherein, whether the cold energy of the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module 14 is fully accumulated is obtained by an algorithm;
Step S43: the controller 4 opens the second solenoid valve 18, the compressor 19, the third solenoid valve 22, the fourth solenoid valve 25, and the condensing fan 32, and closes the blower 10, the first solenoid valve 17, the fifth solenoid valve 26, the sixth solenoid valve 27, the seventh solenoid valve 28, and the eighth solenoid valve 29; the condensing fan 32 introduces outdoor air into the outdoor unit 2 through the air inlet 30, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23, and discharges the air after heat exchange to the outside through the air outlet 31; the compressor 19 absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator 20, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially passes through the four-way reversing valve 21 and the third electromagnetic valve 22 to enter the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23 to exchange heat with air and release heat, medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed, the refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 and the throttling device 24 to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid enters the phase-change energy storage cold storage module 14 through the second electromagnetic valve 18 to absorb heat of a phase-change material, the phase-change material is changed from a liquid state into a solid state, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam enters the gas-liquid separator 20 again through the four-way reversing valve 21 and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor 19; the above process is repeated, and the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module 14 realizes cold accumulation; when the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation module 14 is full, the step S2 is entered; otherwise, step S41 is entered; wherein, whether the cold energy of the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module 14 is fully accumulated is obtained by an algorithm;
Step S5: and executing a cooling mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S51: when (when)T n ＞T aset When the process advances to step S52T n ≤T aset At this time, the process advances to step S53;
step S52: the controller 4 opens the blower 10 and the second electric air valve 16, and closes the first electric air valve 15, the first electromagnetic valve 17, the second electromagnetic valve 18, the compressor 19, the third electromagnetic valve 22, the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, the fifth electromagnetic valve 26, the sixth electromagnetic valve 27, the seventh electromagnetic valve 28, the eighth electromagnetic valve 29 and the condensing fan 32; the air blower 10 sequentially introduces indoor air into the second heat exchange channel 12 through the air return port 8, the filter screen 9, the air return section 6 and the second electric air valve 16, exchanges heat with the phase change material in the phase change energy storage and cold accumulation module 14, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the room through the air blower section 5 and the air supply port 7; the above-mentioned process is repeatedly carried out, and the room realizes cooling; when (when)T n ＜（T o +△T o ) At this time, the process advances to step S54; when (when)T n ≥（T o +△T o ) And is also provided withT n ≤（T aset -△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S51;
step S53: the controller 4 opens the blower 10 and the first electric air valve 15, and closes the second electric air valve 16, the first electromagnetic valve 17, the second electromagnetic valve 18, the compressor 19, the third electromagnetic valve 22, the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, the fifth electromagnetic valve 26, the sixth electromagnetic valve 27, the seventh electromagnetic valve 28, the eighth electromagnetic valve 29 and the condensing fan 32; the air blower 10 sends indoor air into the room through the air return port 8, the filter screen 9, the air return section 6, the first electric air valve 15, the first heat exchange channel 11, the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13, the fan section 5 and the air supply port 7 in sequence; when (when) T n ＞T aset At this time, the process advances to step S51;
step S54: when (when)T n ＞T aset When the process advances to step S55T n ≤T aset At this time, the process advances to step S56;
step S55: when (when)T w ＜T wset When go to stepStep S57, whenT w ≥T wset At this time, the process advances to step S58;
step S56: the controller 4 opens the blower 10 and the first electric air valve 15, and closes the second electric air valve 16, the first electromagnetic valve 17, the second electromagnetic valve 18, the compressor 19, the third electromagnetic valve 22, the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, the fifth electromagnetic valve 26, the sixth electromagnetic valve 27, the seventh electromagnetic valve 28, the eighth electromagnetic valve 29 and the condensing fan 32; the air blower 10 sends indoor air into the room through the air return port 8, the filter screen 9, the air return section 6, the first electric air valve 15, the first heat exchange channel 11, the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13, the fan section 5 and the air supply port 7 in sequence; when (when)T n ＞T aset At this time, the process advances to step S54;
step S57: the controller 4 opens the blower 10, the first solenoid valve 17, the compressor 19, the fifth solenoid valve 26, and closes the second solenoid valve 18, the third solenoid valve 22, the fourth solenoid valve 25, the sixth solenoid valve 27, the seventh solenoid valve 28, and the eighth solenoid valve 29; the air blower 10 sequentially introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel 11 through the air return port 8, the filter screen 9, the air return section 6 and the first electric air valve 15, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the room through the air blower section 5 and the air supply port 7 to cool the indoor environment; the compressor 19 absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator 20, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the water tank 3 through the four-way reversing valve 21 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 26, heat exchange is carried out between the refrigerant steam and phase change material and water in the water tank 3 to release heat, the phase change material is changed from solid state to liquid state, the refrigerant steam forms medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed after passing through the throttling device 24, the refrigerant liquid enters the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13 through the first electromagnetic valve 17 to exchange heat with indoor return air, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam enters the gas-liquid separator 20 again through the four-way reversing valve 21 and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor 19; the above process is repeated, the room is cooled, and the water tank 3 stores heat; when (when) T n ≤（T aset -△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S54; when (when)T n ＞（T aset -△T a ) And is also provided withT w ≥（T wset +△T w ) At this time, the process advances to step S55;
step S58: the controller 4 opens the second solenoid valve 18, the compressor 19, the third solenoid valve 22, the fourth solenoid valve 25, and the condensing fan 32, and closes the blower 10, the first solenoid valve 17, the fifth solenoid valve 26, the sixth solenoid valve 27, the seventh solenoid valve 28, and the eighth solenoid valve 29; the air blower 10 sequentially introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel 11 through the air return port 8, the filter screen 9, the air return section 6 and the first electric air valve 15, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the room through the air blower section 5 and the air supply port 7 to cool the indoor environment; the condensing fan 32 sequentially passes the outdoor air through the air inlet 30, the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23 and the air outlet 31 and then is discharged out of the room; the compressor 19 absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator 20, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially passes through the four-way reversing valve 21 and the third electromagnetic valve 22, enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23 to exchange heat with air and release heat, medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed, the refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 and the throttling device 24 and forms low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid enters the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13 to exchange heat with indoor return air through the first electromagnetic valve 17, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid becomes low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam re-enters the gas-liquid separator 20 through the four-way reversing valve 21 and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor 19; the above-mentioned process is repeatedly carried out, and the room realizes cooling; when (when) T n ≤（T aset -△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S54; otherwise, step S55 is entered;
step S6: and executing a heating mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S61: when (when)T n ＜T aset When the process advances to step S62T n ≥T aset At this time, the process advances to step S63;
step S62: the controller 4 turns on the blower 10, the first electric air valve 15, the first electromagnetic valve 17, the compressor 19 and the thirdSolenoid valve 22, fourth solenoid valve 25, condensing fan 32, close second electronic blast valve 16, second solenoid valve 18, fifth solenoid valve 26, sixth solenoid valve 27, seventh solenoid valve 28, eighth solenoid valve 29; the air blower 10 sequentially introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel 11 through the air return port 8, the filter screen 9, the air return section 6 and the first electric air valve 15, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the room through the air blower section 5 and the air supply port 7; the compressor 19 absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator 20, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam enters the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13 through the four-way reversing valve 21 to exchange heat with indoor return air to release heat, medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed, the medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the first electromagnetic valve 17 and the throttling device 24 to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23 through the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 to absorb heat of outdoor air to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, the refrigerant steam sequentially passes through the third electromagnetic valve 22 and the four-way reversing valve 21 to reenter the gas-liquid separator 20, and the refrigerant steam is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor 19; the above-mentioned process is repeatedly carried out, so that the room can be heated; when (when) T n ≥（T aset +△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S61;
step S63: the controller 4 opens the blower 10 and the first electric air valve 15, and closes the second electric air valve 16, the first electromagnetic valve 17, the second electromagnetic valve 18, the compressor 19, the third electromagnetic valve 22, the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, the fifth electromagnetic valve 26, the sixth electromagnetic valve 27, the seventh electromagnetic valve 28, the eighth electromagnetic valve 29 and the condensing fan 32; the air blower 10 sends indoor air into the room through the air return port 8, the filter screen 9, the air return section 6, the first electric air valve 15, the first heat exchange channel 11, the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger 13, the fan section 5 and the air supply port 7 in sequence; when (when)T n ＜T aset At this time, the process advances to step S61;
step S7: executing a water tank heat storage mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S71: when (when)T w ＜T wset When the process advances to step S72T w ≥T wset At this time, the process advances to step S73;
step S72: the controller 4 opens the compressor 19, the third solenoid valve 22, the sixth solenoid valve 27, the seventh solenoid valve 28, and the condensing fan 32, and closes the blower 10, the first electric air valve 15, the second electric air valve 16, the first solenoid valve 17, the second solenoid valve 18, the fourth solenoid valve 25, the fifth solenoid valve 26, and the eighth solenoid valve 29; the compressor 19 absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator 20, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the water tank 3 through the four-way reversing valve 21 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 28, heat is released through heat exchange with phase-change materials and water in the water tank 3, the phase-change materials are changed from solid state to liquid state, the refrigerant steam forms medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed after passing through the throttling device 24, the refrigerant liquid enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 23 through the sixth electromagnetic valve 27 to absorb heat of outdoor air, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid becomes low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the gas-liquid separator 20 again through the third electromagnetic valve 22 and the four-way reversing valve 21 to be absorbed and compressed again by the compressor 19; the process is repeatedly carried out, and the water tank stores heat; when (when) T w ≥T wset When the water tank is full of heat storage, entering step S2;
step S73: the controller 4 turns off the blower 10, the first electric air valve 15, the second electric air valve 16, the first electromagnetic valve 17, the second electromagnetic valve 18, the compressor 19, the third electromagnetic valve 22, the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, the fifth electromagnetic valve 26, the sixth electromagnetic valve 27, the seventh electromagnetic valve 28, the eighth electromagnetic valve 29, and the condensing fan 32, and proceeds to step S2; when (when)T w ≤（T wset -△T w ) At this time, the process advances to step S71.
Under the control mode, different operation conditions are started according to different input modes and detected parameters, wherein the cold accumulation of the phase-change material is mainly realized by utilizing the night low-valley electricity price, the indoor environment is cooled by utilizing the cold energy stored by the phase-change material, the heat accumulation of the phase-change material is realized by utilizing the night low-valley electricity price, the hot water is prepared by utilizing the heat stored by the phase-change material, the hot water is prepared by recovering the residual heat of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle, and the system is ensured by virtue of active and reliable controlIs efficient and reliable to operate; the indoor set temperatureT aset Setting 26 ℃ in summer and 20 ℃ in winter; the hot water is set at a temperatureT wset 45 ℃; the control temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the indoor set temperature is deltaT a Setting to 2 ℃; the control temperature difference delta between the temperature of the hot water and the set temperature of the hot water T w Setting to 2 ℃; the control temperature delta between the indoor temperature and the air supply temperature during coolingT o Set to 1 ℃.
Any of the above-described embodiments of the present invention disclosed herein, unless otherwise stated, if they disclose a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is the preferred numerical range, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art: the preferred numerical ranges are merely those of the many possible numerical values where technical effects are more pronounced or representative. Since the numerical values are more and cannot be exhausted, only a part of the numerical values are disclosed to illustrate the technical scheme of the invention, and the numerical values listed above should not limit the protection scope of the invention.
If the invention discloses or relates to components or structures fixedly connected with each other, then unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection is understood as: detachably fixed connection (e.g. using bolts or screws) can also be understood as: the non-detachable fixed connection (e.g. riveting, welding), of course, the mutual fixed connection may also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g. integrally formed using a casting process) (except for obviously being unable to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any of the above-described aspects of the present disclosure to express positional relationship or shape have meanings including a state or shape similar to, similar to or approaching thereto unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components, or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and any person skilled in the art may make modifications or alterations to the disclosed technical content to the equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation and variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A working method of a direct expansion type phase change energy storage heat pump system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the indoor unit comprises an indoor unit shell, an outdoor unit and a water tank, wherein the indoor unit is connected through a pipeline, a fan section is arranged above the inside of the indoor unit shell, a return air section is arranged below the inside of the indoor unit shell, an air supply opening communicated with the fan section is arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the indoor unit shell, and an air return opening communicated with the return air section is arranged at the lower part of the side surface of the indoor unit shell; the middle part of the indoor unit shell is provided with a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the upper end of the first heat exchange channel is communicated with the fan section, and the lower end of the first heat exchange channel is communicated with the return air section; the upper end of the second heat exchange channel is communicated with the fan section, and the lower end of the second heat exchange channel is communicated with the return air section; an indoor air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged in the first heat exchange channel, and a phase change energy storage cold accumulation device is arranged in the second heat exchange channel; a phase change energy storage and heat accumulation device is arranged in the water tank; the lower end of the first heat exchange channel is provided with a first electric air valve for controlling the switch of the first heat exchange channel; the lower end of the second heat exchange channel is provided with a second electric air valve for controlling the switch of the second heat exchange channel; the pipeline of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger and the first electromagnetic valve which are connected in series through the refrigerant pipeline is connected in parallel with the pipeline of the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation device and the second electromagnetic valve which are connected in series through the refrigerant pipeline; the outdoor unit comprises an outdoor unit shell provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a four-way reversing valve, a third electromagnetic valve, an outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger, a throttling device, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a sixth electromagnetic valve, a seventh electromagnetic valve, an eighth electromagnetic valve and a condensing fan; the air suction port of the compressor is connected with the gas-liquid separator through a refrigerant pipeline, and the air exhaust port is connected with the four-way reversing valve through a refrigerant pipeline; one port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with the gas-liquid separator through a refrigerant pipeline, one port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline through a third electromagnetic valve, and the other port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline; one end of the throttling device is connected with the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline and a fourth electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the throttling device is connected with the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline and a first electromagnetic valve; the pipeline formed by connecting the water tank and the fifth electromagnetic valve in series is connected with the pipeline formed by connecting the third electromagnetic valve, the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger and the fourth electromagnetic valve in series in parallel; the pipeline of the fourth electromagnetic valve and the throttling device after being connected in series is connected with the pipeline of the sixth electromagnetic valve in parallel; one end of the seventh electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the water tank and the fifth electromagnetic valve through a refrigerant pipeline, and the other end of the seventh electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the four-way reversing valve and the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline; one end of the eighth electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the third electromagnetic valve and the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline, and the other end of the eighth electromagnetic valve is connected to a pipeline between the four-way reversing valve and the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through a refrigerant pipeline; a first temperature sensor is arranged at the return air inlet; a second temperature sensor is arranged at the air supply port; a third temperature sensor is arranged at the water outlet pipe of the water tank; the method comprises the following steps:
Step S1: setting the indoor set temperature to beT aset The hot water is set to be at the temperature ofT wset ；
Step S2: the indoor temperature detected by the first temperature sensor isT n The second temperature sensor detects that the air supply temperature of the indoor unit isT o The third temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the hot water in the water tank isT w Indoor temperatureT n With indoor set temperatureT aset The control temperature difference delta betweenT a Temperature of hot waterT w Setting the temperature with hot waterT wset The control temperature difference delta betweenT w Indoor temperatureT n And air supply temperatureT o The control temperature difference delta betweenT o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the case of the cooling mode,T n and set upT aset And%T aset -△T a ) A comparison is made with respect to the number of the cells,T n and%T o +△T o ) Comparing; in the heating mode, the air is heated,T n and set upT aset And%T aset +△T a ) Comparing;T w and set upT wset And%T wset -△T w ) Comparing;
step S3: selecting an operation mode: cold accumulation mode, cold supply mode, heating mode and water tank heat accumulation mode;
step S4: and performing a cold accumulation mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S41: when (when)T w ＜T wset When the process advances to step S42T w ≥T wset At this time, the process advances to step S43;
step S42: the controller opens the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor and the fifth electromagnetic valve, closes the blower, the first electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the water tank through the four-way reversing valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve, heat is released by heat exchange with the phase-change material and water in the water tank, the phase-change material is changed into liquid from solid state, the refrigerant steam forms medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed after passing through the throttling device, the heat of the phase-change material is absorbed in the phase-change energy storage cold storage module through the second electromagnetic valve, the phase-change material is changed into solid state from liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam is re-entered into the gas-liquid separator through the four-way reversing valve and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor; the process is repeated, the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation module realizes cold accumulation, and the water tank realizes heat accumulation; when the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation module is full, entering a step S2; otherwise, step S41 is entered; whether the cold energy of the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module is full or not is obtained through an algorithm;
Step S43: the controller opens the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and closes the blower, the first electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve and the eighth electromagnetic valve; the condensing fan introduces outdoor air into the outdoor unit through the air inlet, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger, and discharges the air after heat exchange out of the room through the air outlet; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially passes through the four-way reversing valve and the third electromagnetic valve to enter the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger to exchange heat with air and release heat to form medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the fourth electromagnetic valve and the throttling device to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the second electromagnetic valve to enter the phase-change energy storage cold storage module to absorb heat of the phase-change material, the phase-change material is changed from a liquid state to a solid state, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is changed into low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam enters the gas-liquid separator again through the four-way reversing valve and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor; the above processes are repeated, and the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module realizes cold accumulation; when the phase-change energy storage cold accumulation module is full, entering a step S2; otherwise, step S41 is entered; whether the cold energy of the phase change energy storage cold accumulation module is full or not is obtained through an algorithm;
Step S5: and executing a cooling mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S51: when (when)T n ＞T aset When the process advances to step S52T n ≤T aset At this time, the process advances to step S53;
step S52: the controller opens the blower and the second electric air valve, and closes the first electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing blower; the air feeder introduces indoor air into the second heat exchange channel through the air return port, the filter screen, the air return section and the second electric air valve in sequence, and enters with the phase change material in the phase change energy storage cold accumulation moduleCarrying out heat exchange, and sending the air subjected to heat exchange into a room through a fan section and an air supply opening in sequence; the above-mentioned process is repeatedly carried out, and the room realizes cooling; when (when)T n ＜（T o +△T o ) At this time, the process advances to step S54; when (when)T n ≥（T o +△T o ) And is also provided withT n ≤（T aset -△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S51;
step S53: the controller opens the blower and the first electric air valve, and closes the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing blower; the air blower sequentially passes through the air return opening, the filter screen, the air return section, the first electric air valve, the first heat exchange channel, the indoor air cooling heat exchanger, the fan section and the air supply opening to be fed into a room; when (when) T n ＞T aset At this time, the process advances to step S51;
step S54: when (when)T n ＞T aset When the process advances to step S55T n ≤T aset At this time, the process advances to step S56;
step S55: when (when)T w ＜T wset When it is time, the process proceeds to step S57, whenT w ≥T wset At this time, the process advances to step S58;
step S56: the controller opens the blower and the first electric air valve, and closes the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing blower; the air blower sequentially passes through the air return opening, the filter screen, the air return section, the first electric air valve, the first heat exchange channel, the indoor air cooling heat exchanger, the fan section and the air supply opening to be fed into a room; when (when)T n ＞T aset At this time, the process advances to step S54;
step S57: the controller opens the blower, the first electromagnetic valve, the compressor and the fifth electromagnetic valve, and closes the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valveA valve, a sixth solenoid valve, a seventh solenoid valve, an eighth solenoid valve; the air blower sequentially introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel through the air return port, the filter screen, the air return section and the first electric air valve, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the indoor through the air blower section and the air supply port to cool the indoor environment; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the water tank through the four-way reversing valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve, heat is released through heat exchange with phase-change materials and water in the water tank, the phase-change materials are changed into liquid from solid state, the refrigerant steam forms medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed after passing through the throttling device, the refrigerant liquid enters the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through the first electromagnetic valve to exchange heat with indoor return air, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid becomes low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam reenters the gas-liquid separator through the four-way reversing valve and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor; the process is repeatedly carried out, the room realizes cooling, and the water tank realizes heat storage; when (when) T n ≤（T aset -△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S54; when (when)T n ＞（T aset -△T a ) And is also provided withT w ≥（T wset +△T w ) At this time, the process advances to step S55;
step S58: the controller opens the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and closes the blower, the first electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve and the eighth electromagnetic valve; the air blower sequentially introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel through the air return port, the filter screen, the air return section and the first electric air valve, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the indoor through the air blower section and the air supply port to cool the indoor environment; the condensing fan sequentially passes through the air inlet, the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger and the air outlet and then is discharged out of the room; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, and high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, and the refrigerant steam is formedThe refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through a fourth electromagnetic valve and a throttling device to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters an indoor air-cooled heat exchanger to exchange heat with indoor return air through a first electromagnetic valve, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid becomes low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam reenters a gas-liquid separator through the four-way reversing valve and is absorbed and compressed again by a compressor; the above-mentioned process is repeatedly carried out, and the room realizes cooling; when (when) T n ≤（T aset -△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S54; otherwise, step S55 is entered;
step S6: and executing a heating mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S61: when (when)T n ＜T aset When the process advances to step S62T n ≥T aset At this time, the process advances to step S63;
step S62: the controller opens the blower, the first electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and closes the second electric air valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve and the eighth electromagnetic valve; the air blower sequentially introduces indoor air into the first heat exchange channel through the air return port, the filter screen, the air return section and the first electric air valve, exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger, and sequentially sends the air after heat exchange into the room through the air blower section and the air supply port; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam enters the indoor air-cooled heat exchanger through the four-way reversing valve to exchange heat with indoor return air to release heat, medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid is formed, the medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the first electromagnetic valve and the throttling device to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through the fourth electromagnetic valve to absorb heat of outdoor air to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam sequentially passes through the third electromagnetic valve and the four-way reversing valve to reenter the gas-liquid separator to be absorbed and compressed by the compressor again; The above-mentioned process is repeatedly carried out, so that the room can be heated; when (when)T n ≥（T aset +△T a ) At this time, the process advances to step S61;
step S63: the controller opens the blower and the first electric air valve, and closes the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing blower; the air blower sequentially passes through the air return opening, the filter screen, the air return section, the first electric air valve, the first heat exchange channel, the indoor air cooling heat exchanger, the fan section and the air supply opening to be fed into a room; when (when)T n ＜T aset At this time, the process advances to step S61;
step S7: executing a water tank heat storage mode: the method is realized by the following steps:
step S71: when (when)T w ＜T wset When the process advances to step S72T w ≥T wset At this time, the process advances to step S73;
step S72: the controller opens the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and closes the blower, the first electric air valve, the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the eighth electromagnetic valve; the compressor absorbs low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam in the gas-liquid separator, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam is formed after pressurization, the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the water tank through the four-way reversing valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve, heat is released through heat exchange with phase-change materials and water in the water tank, the phase-change materials are changed into liquid from solid state, the refrigerant steam forms medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid forms low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid after passing through the throttling device, the refrigerant liquid enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger through the sixth electromagnetic valve to absorb heat of outdoor air, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid becomes low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the refrigerant steam sequentially enters the gas-liquid separator again through the third electromagnetic valve and the four-way reversing valve and is absorbed and compressed again by the compressor; the process is repeatedly carried out, and the water tank stores heat; when (when) T w ≥T wset When in use, the water tank stores heatFull, enter step S2;
step S73: the controller closes the blower, the first electric air valve, the second electric air valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the compressor, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the condensing fan, and then enters step S2; when (when)T w ≤（T wset -△T w ) At this time, the process advances to step S71.
2. The method of operating a direct expansion phase change energy storage heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged on the shell of the water tank, and the phase-change energy-storage heat-storage device is positioned in water in the water tank; the water inlet pipe is sequentially provided with a filter, a check valve and a first gate valve; and a second gate valve is arranged on the drain pipe.
3. The method of operating a direct expansion phase change energy storage heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the phase-change energy storage device and the phase-change energy storage device are composed of a plurality of phase-change energy storage modules which are parallel to each other, the phase-change energy storage modules are embedded in a metal plate by adopting phase-change materials, a refrigerant pipeline is coiled in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui' in the phase-change materials, a certain interval is reserved between the refrigerant pipeline and the phase-change energy storage modules, the external shape of the refrigerant pipeline is a light pipe or a cuboid with external fins, and a certain interval is reserved between the adjacent phase-change energy storage modules to form a channel; the phase change material is inorganic hydrated salt, paraffin or organic-inorganic composite phase change material, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the phase change energy storage cold accumulation device is 7-12 ℃; the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the phase change energy storage heat storage device is 40-45 ℃.
4. The method of operating a direct expansion phase change energy storage heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the indoor unit shell of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit shell of the outdoor unit are both metal shells or plastic shells; the shell of the water tank is a metal shell; the heat insulation materials are arranged on the periphery of the outer sides of the indoor unit shell of the indoor unit and the outer sides of the shells of the water tanks, and are polyurethane, polystyrene, glass wool or rubber and plastic.
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