CN114352928A - Ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure container for improving heat insulation effect - Google Patents
Ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure container for improving heat insulation effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure container for improving the heat insulation effect, which comprises an inner container, an outer container and a support assembly supported between the inner container and the outer container, wherein the support assembly comprises a first support ring and a second support ring which are provided with annular hollow inner cavities, and a gas throttling pipe is arranged between the annular hollow inner cavities of the first support ring and the second support ring; a first gas pipeline is led out from the upper gas space position in the inner container, the first gas pipeline is led out to the outside and then enters the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring, and a second gas pipeline is led out from the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring; the first gas pipeline is provided with a first valve, the second gas pipeline is provided with a second valve, a branch gas pipeline is arranged at a section, located between the second valve and the outer container, of the second gas pipeline, and the third valve and the vacuumizing device are sequentially arranged on the branch gas pipeline. The invention improves the heat insulation effect of the ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure container.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature pressure vessels, in particular to an ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving the heat insulation effect.
Background
The ultra-low temperature liquefied gas storage pressure vessel is a cryogenic pressure vessel for storing ultra-low temperature liquefied gas, adopts a double-layer structure, and comprises an inner vessel and an outer vessel, wherein a vacuum interlayer space is formed between the inner vessel and the outer vessel to isolate the transfer of external heat so as to ensure the safety of the low temperature liquefied gas in the inner vessel. In order to improve the heat insulation performance, an insulating material is usually wound on the inner container tank body to reduce the conduction, convection and radiation of heat, thereby achieving the purposes of heat insulation and low-temperature liquid storage. The vacuum pumping of the interlayer and the arrangement of the heat-insulating material on the tank body in the interlayer are key technologies for ensuring the heat-insulating effect of the cryogenic pressure vessel, and directly influence the heat-insulating performance of the cryogenic pressure vessel.
The problems of the ultralow temperature liquefied gas storage pressure vessel in the prior art are as follows:
one is that the support structure between the inner and outer vessels creates some heat transfer, thereby affecting the insulating effect of the ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel.
Secondly, the cold energy of the liquefied gas which is released at overpressure is not fully utilized, thereby also influencing the heat insulation effect of the ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure container.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving the heat insulation effect, and aims to improve the heat insulation effect of the ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
an ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect, comprising an inner vessel, an outer vessel, an interlayer space formed between the inner vessel and the outer vessel, a support assembly supported between the inner vessel and the outer vessel, the support assembly comprising a pair of support rings with annular hollow inner cavities, a plurality of outer support heat insulation pads arranged on the outer peripheries of the support rings and arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction for supporting the inner wall of the outer vessel, a plurality of inner support heat insulation pads arranged on the inner peripheries of the support rings and arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction for supporting the outer wall of the inner vessel; the pair of support rings comprises a first support ring and a second support ring, and gas throttle pipes which are communicated with each other are arranged between the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring and the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring; a first gas pipeline is led out from the upper gas space position in the inner container, the first gas pipeline is led out from the inner container and then enters the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring, and a second gas pipeline is led out from the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring; the vacuum container is characterized in that a first valve is arranged on the first gas pipeline, a second valve is arranged on the second gas pipeline, a branch gas pipeline is arranged at one section between the second valve and the outer container on the second gas pipeline, and a third valve and a vacuumizing device are sequentially arranged on the branch gas pipeline.
Preferably, the number of the gas throttling pipes is several and the gas throttling pipes are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the inner container along the circumferential direction.
As a further improvement of the invention, a heat radiation prevention and heat insulation screen is arranged in the interlayer space, and a plurality of gas throttling pipes are respectively connected with the heat radiation prevention and heat insulation screen.
Preferably, the heat radiation preventing and heat insulating panel includes an outer heat radiation preventing and heat insulating panel and an inner heat radiation preventing and heat insulating panel, and the plurality of gas throttle pipes are connected between the outer heat radiation preventing and heat insulating panel and the inner heat radiation preventing and heat insulating panel.
In the invention, the heat radiation-proof heat-insulating screen is also arranged at the two ends of the inner container on the interlayer space and is connected with the support ring.
In the invention, the heat radiation prevention and heat insulation screen at least consists of a glass fiber paper layer, a chemical fiber net layer and an aluminum-plated film layer which are sequentially overlapped; the aluminized film layer on the outer side heat radiation-proof heat insulation screen is positioned on the outer side of the outer side heat radiation-proof heat insulation screen, and the aluminized film layer on the inner side heat radiation-proof heat insulation screen is positioned on the inner side of the inner side heat radiation-proof heat insulation screen.
In the invention, the replaceable molecular sieve adsorber is arranged in the interlayer space.
The invention discloses an ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure container for improving the heat insulation effect, and a method for improving the heat insulation effect thereof, which sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-vacuumizing a support ring: setting the first valve and the second valve in a closed state, simultaneously opening the third valve, vacuumizing the annular hollow inner cavity of the support ring through a vacuumizing device, and closing the third valve after vacuumizing;
(2) opening the first valve; when the air pressure in the inner container rises to a certain pressure value, a first valve is opened;
(3) overpressure relief primary refrigeration: after the first valve is opened, under the action of vacuum suction of the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring, overpressure gas enters the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring from the inner container through the first gas pipeline, the overpressure gas rapidly expands after entering the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring, first heat absorption is realized, and meanwhile, the first support ring is cooled;
(4) overpressure relief secondary refrigeration: under the action of vacuum suction of the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring, gas in the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring enters the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring through the gas throttling pipe and rapidly expands in the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring, secondary heat absorption is realized, and meanwhile, the second support ring is cooled;
(5) vacuumizing and exhausting: the first valve is closed, then the third valve is opened, the heat absorption gas in the annular hollow inner cavity of the support ring is exhausted through the vacuumizing device, and the third valve is closed after vacuumizing;
(6) periodic cooling of the support ring: repeating the steps (2) to (5) until the air pressure in the inner container is reduced to be below a safe pressure value, so that the periodic cooling of the first support ring and the second support ring is realized, and the heat transfer between the support rings and the inner support heat-insulating pad and the outer support heat-insulating pad is reduced, so that the heat-insulating effect of the ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure container is improved;
the first support ring and the second support ring are periodically cooled to drive the heat radiation-proof heat-insulating screen to be periodically cooled in the interlayer space, so that the heat insulation effect of the ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure container is further improved.
In the invention, the vacuum degree in the interlayer space is improved by periodically replacing the molecular sieve in the molecular sieve adsorber, thereby improving the heat insulation effect of the ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure container.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure container for improving the heat insulation effect adopts a specially designed supporting component structure with an annular hollow inner cavity, and the annular hollow inner cavity is preset to be vacuum for quick release, expansion and heat absorption of overpressure liquefied gas in the inner container; a gas pipeline which is led out from the inner container and used for overpressure relief is connected into the annular hollow inner cavity, the first valve is opened to be connected with the annular hollow inner cavity when the inner container is in overpressure, overpressure liquefied gas rapidly expands in the annular hollow inner cavity under the action of vacuum to absorb heat, and then the liquefied gas after heat absorption is released outwards, so that the cold energy of the overpressure relief liquefied gas is fully utilized, and the heat insulation effect of the ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure container is further improved.
Second, in the ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving the heat insulation effect according to the present invention, the gas throttle pipe is connected between the first support ring and the second support ring, and the gas throttle pipe can perform two-time refrigeration of the overpressure liquefied gas, thereby further improving the heat insulation effect of the ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel.
Thirdly, according to the ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving the heat insulation effect, the gas throttling pipe is arranged between the outer heat radiation prevention heat insulation screen and the inner heat radiation prevention heat insulation screen, two ends of the outer heat radiation prevention heat insulation screen and two ends of the inner heat radiation prevention heat insulation screen are connected to the pair of support rings, the cold energy of the liquefied gas which is released by overpressure is fully utilized through the heat transfer effect, and therefore the cold screen of the heat radiation prevention heat insulation screen is formed, and the heat insulation effect of the ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel is further improved.
Fourthly, the ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving the heat insulation effect of the invention, the support assembly is separated from the inner vessel and the outer vessel by the outer support heat insulation pad and the inner support heat insulation pad, and the heat insulation pad is acted by the cold energy of the overpressure relief liquefied gas, thereby enhancing the heat insulation effect.
Fifthly, the first valve, the third valve and the vacuumizing device of the ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure container for improving the heat insulation effect are mutually cooperated, so that quantitative and controllable release of overpressure release liquefied gas is realized, and the safety is good.
Sixth, the replaceable molecular sieve adsorber of the ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving the heat insulation effect realizes the periodic replacement of the molecular sieve, thereby solving the technical problem that the molecular sieve on the traditional cryogenic pressure vessel cannot be replaced after losing activity, and prolonging the service life of the cryogenic pressure vessel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the portion of FIG. 1 related to the molecular sieve adsorption cassette and the vacuum environment dedicated two-way valve (the thermal radiation shield and the thermal insulation screen are not shown);
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 2 (with the adsorption channel in an open state);
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the electric soldering iron and the thermal expansion sealing plunger in FIG. 3 after being displaced into the vacuum sealing hole (the adsorption channel is in a blocking state);
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the annular cavity portion of the valve body;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a modified adsorption piping structure into a bent piping structure;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of an ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel in which heat radiation-proof and heat-insulating shields are provided at both ends in the interior of the sandwiched space.
In the figure: 1. an inner container, 2, an outer container, 3, an interlayer space, 4, a molecular sieve adsorber, 5, a molecular sieve adsorption box, 6, a molecular sieve, 7, a box cover, 8, a vacuum environment special two-way valve, 9, adsorption holes, 10, a sealing sheet, 11, a valve body, 12, a vacuum sealing hole, 13, a thermal expansion sealing plunger, 14, an adsorption pipeline, 15, a feeding pipeline, 16, a discharging pipeline, 17, a sealing head, 18, a main adsorption channel, 19, an inlet side adsorption channel, 20, an outlet side adsorption channel, 21, a valve cover, 22, an electric soldering iron (a handle part), 23, an electric soldering iron heating rod, 24, a corrugated pipe, 25, a protective sleeve, 26, a high-temperature resistant sealing element, 27, a vacuum pumping pipeline, 28, a valve cover heater, 29, an annular cavity, 30, a cooling liquid inlet hole, 31, a cooling liquid outlet hole, 32, a steel wire mesh filter baffle, 33, a filter screen, 34 and a support component, 35. an annular hollow inner cavity, 36, an outer supporting heat insulation pad, 37, an inner supporting heat insulation pad, 38, a first supporting ring, 39, a second supporting ring, 40, a gas throttling pipe, 41, a first gas pipeline, 42, a second gas pipeline, 43, a first valve, 44, a second valve, 45, a branch gas pipeline, 46, a third valve, 47, a vacuumizing device, 48, a heat radiation prevention heat insulation screen, 49, an outer heat radiation prevention heat insulation screen, 50 and an inner heat radiation prevention heat insulation screen.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1:
fig. 1 to 7 show an embodiment of an ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect of the present invention, which comprises an inner vessel 1, an outer vessel 2, an interlayer space 3 formed between the inner vessel 1 and the outer vessel 2, a support assembly 34 supported between the inner vessel 1 and the outer vessel 2, the support assembly 34 comprising a pair of support rings 38, 39 with an annular hollow inner cavity 35, a plurality of outer support heat insulation pads 36 arranged on the outer peripheries of the support rings 38, 39 and arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction for supporting the inner wall of the outer vessel 2, a plurality of inner support heat insulation pads 37 arranged on the inner peripheries of the support rings 38, 39 and arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction for supporting the outer wall of the inner vessel 1; the pair of support rings 38, 39 comprises a first support ring 38 and a second support ring 39, and a gas throttle pipe 40 communicated with each other is arranged between the annular hollow inner cavity 35 of the first support ring 38 and the annular hollow inner cavity 35 of the second support ring 39; a first gas pipeline 41 is led out from the upper gas space position in the inner container 1, the first gas pipeline 41 is led out to enter the annular hollow inner cavity 35 of the first support ring 38, and a second gas pipeline 42 is led out from the annular hollow inner cavity 35 of the second support ring 39; the first gas line 41 is provided with a first valve 43, the second gas line 42 is provided with a second valve 44, a branch gas line 45 is provided at a position between the second valve 44 and the outer container 2 on the second gas line 42, and a third valve 46 and a vacuum-pumping device 47 are provided in this order on the branch gas line 45.
Preferably, the number of gas throttling tubes 40 is several and is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the inner vessel 1.
As a further improvement of this embodiment, a heat radiation-proof and heat-insulating screen 48 is disposed in the interlayer space 3, and a plurality of the gas throttle pipes 40 are respectively connected to the heat radiation-proof and heat-insulating screen 48.
Preferably, the thermal radiation prevention and insulation panel 48 comprises an outer thermal radiation prevention and insulation panel 49 and an inner thermal radiation prevention and insulation panel 50, and the plurality of gas throttling pipes 40 are connected between the outer thermal radiation prevention and insulation panel 49 and the inner thermal radiation prevention and insulation panel 50.
In this embodiment, the thermal radiation protection and insulation screens 48 are also arranged on the intermediate space 3 at both ends of the inner vessel 1 and connected to the support rings 38, 39.
In this embodiment, the thermal radiation prevention and insulation screen 48 is composed of at least a glass fiber paper layer, a chemical fiber net layer and an aluminum-plated film layer which are sequentially stacked; the aluminum-plated film layer on the outer heat radiation-proof heat-insulating screen 49 is located on the outer side of the outer heat radiation-proof heat-insulating screen 49, and the aluminum-plated film layer on the inner heat radiation-proof heat-insulating screen 50 is located on the inner side of the inner heat radiation-proof heat-insulating screen 50.
In this embodiment, a replaceable molecular sieve adsorber 4 is disposed on the interlayer space 3.
The method for improving the heat insulation effect of the ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure container for improving the heat insulation effect sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-vacuumizing a support ring: setting the first valve 43 and the second valve 44 in a closed state, simultaneously opening the third valve 46, vacuumizing the annular hollow inner cavities of the support rings 38 and 39 by a vacuumizing device 47, and closing the third valve 46 after vacuumizing;
(2) opening the first valve; when the gas pressure in the inner vessel 1 rises to a certain pressure value, the first valve 43 is opened;
(3) overpressure relief primary refrigeration: after the first valve 43 is opened, under the action of vacuum suction of the annular hollow cavity 35 of the first support ring 38, overpressure gas enters the annular hollow cavity 35 of the first support ring 38 from the inner container 1 through the first gas pipeline 41, and the overpressure gas rapidly expands after entering the annular hollow cavity 35 of the first support ring 38, so that first heat absorption is realized, and meanwhile, the first support ring 38 is cooled;
(4) overpressure relief secondary refrigeration: under the action of the vacuum suction of the annular hollow cavity 35 of the second support ring 39, the gas located in the annular hollow cavity 35 of the first support ring 38 enters the annular hollow cavity 35 of the second support ring 39 through the gas throttling pipe 40 and rapidly expands in the annular hollow cavity 35 of the second support ring 39, so that a second heat absorption is realized, and meanwhile, the second support ring 39 is cooled;
(5) vacuumizing and exhausting: the first valve 43 is closed, then the third valve 44 is opened, the heat absorption gas in the annular hollow inner cavities 35 of the supporting rings 38 and 39 is exhausted through the vacuumizing device 47, and the third valve 44 is closed after vacuumizing;
(6) periodic cooling of the support ring: repeating the steps (2) to (5) until the gas pressure in the inner container 1 is reduced to be below a safe pressure value, so as to realize the periodic cooling of the first support ring 38 and the second support ring 39, and play a role in reducing the heat transfer between the support rings 38 and 39 and the inner support heat insulation pad 37 and the outer support heat insulation pad 36, thereby improving the heat insulation effect of the ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure container;
the periodic cooling of the first support ring 38 and the second support ring 39 drives the periodic cooling of the thermal radiation prevention and heat insulation screen 48 in the interlayer space, so that the heat insulation effect of the ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel is further improved.
In this embodiment, the degree of vacuum in the interlayer space 3 is increased by periodically replacing the molecular sieve 6 in the molecular sieve adsorber 4, thereby increasing the heat insulation effect of the ultralow temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel.
Example 2:
the replaceable molecular sieve adsorber of example 1 above employs the following structure:
the molecular sieve adsorber 4 comprises a molecular sieve adsorption box 5 arranged on the tank body of the inner container 1, a molecular sieve 6 filled in the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 and used for adsorbing gas and moisture in the interlayer space 3, a box cover 7 arranged on the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 and used for sealing the molecular sieve 6 in the molecular sieve adsorption box 5, a vacuum environment special two-way valve 8 arranged on the tank body of the outer container 2, wherein the box cover 7 is provided with an adsorption hole 9, the adsorption hole 9 is provided with a sealing sheet 10 capable of being broken, the vacuum environment special two-way valve 8 comprises a valve body 11, an adsorption channel arranged on the valve body 11, a vacuum sealing hole 12 arranged on the adsorption channel, a thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 arranged on the vacuum sealing hole 12 and used for plugging or opening the adsorption channel, and an adsorption pipeline 14 is arranged in the interlayer space 3, one end of the adsorption pipeline 14 is connected with the adsorption hole 9 on the box cover 7, the other end of the adsorption pipeline 14 is connected with one end of the adsorption channel of the valve body 11, and the other end of the adsorption channel of the valve body 11 is communicated with the interlayer space 13; the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 is further provided with a feeding pipeline 15 and a discharging pipeline 16 for replacing the molecular sieves 6 in the molecular sieve adsorption box 5, and the feeding pipeline 15 and the discharging pipeline 16 respectively extend to the outside of the tank wall of the outer container 2 and are blocked by sealing heads 17.
The sealing sheet 10 which can be broken is kept complete in the manufacturing and installation processes of the molecular sieve absorber 4, the molecular sieve absorber 4 is installed on the interlayer space 3, the interlayer space 3 is vacuumized and then broken through high-pressure nitrogen, and therefore the interior of the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 is communicated with the adsorption channel.
Preferably, the adsorption passage on the valve body 11 includes a main adsorption passage 18, and an inlet-side adsorption passage 19 and an outlet-side adsorption passage 20 respectively connected to lateral surfaces of two ends of the main adsorption passage 18, wherein one end of the main adsorption passage 18 close to the inlet-side adsorption passage 19 is closed, and the vacuum sealing hole 12 is located at one end of the main adsorption passage 18 close to the inlet-side adsorption passage 19; a valve cover 21 is arranged at one end of the main adsorption channel 18 close to the outlet side adsorption channel 20, a valve cover hole is formed in the valve cover 21, an electric soldering iron 22 for heating the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 is inserted into the valve cover hole, and the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 is connected with the front end of an electric soldering iron heating rod 23 inserted into the main adsorption channel 18; a telescopic corrugated pipe 24 is arranged inside the main adsorption channel 18 and at the periphery of the electric soldering iron heating rod 23, a pipe orifice at one end of the corrugated pipe 24 is in sealing connection with the valve cover 21, and a pipe orifice at the other end of the corrugated pipe 24 is in sealing connection with the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the main suction passage 18 is larger than the inner diameter of the vacuum sealing hole 12.
In this embodiment, a protective sleeve 25 is disposed on the periphery of the corrugated tube 24, and the protective sleeve 25 is fixed on the valve cover 21 and has a gap with the corrugated tube 24.
When the pressure inside and outside the corrugated pipe 24 is unbalanced, the protective sleeve 25 can support and protect the corrugated pipe 24 and prevent the corrugated pipe 24 from excessively deforming.
In this embodiment, a high temperature-resistant sealing member 26 is further disposed between the valve cap hole of the valve cap 21 and the electric soldering iron heating rod 23.
Preferably, the valve cover 21 is further provided with a vacuum pipeline 27 for balancing the pressure inside and outside the bellows 24, and the vacuum pipeline 27 is connected with a vacuum device.
The thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 is heated by using the electric soldering iron 22, so that the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 is in interference sealing fit with the vacuum sealing hole 12, and an adsorption channel on the valve body 11 is blocked; by canceling the heating of the electric soldering iron 22, the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 is gradually cooled to a normal state, so that the clearance fit between the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 and the vacuum sealing hole 12 is realized, and the adsorption channel on the valve body 11 is opened.
The heat expansion sealing plunger 13 can be moved away from the vacuum sealing hole 12 or enter the vacuum sealing hole 12 by operating the handle of the electric soldering iron 22; when the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 moves away from the vacuum sealing hole 12, the adsorption channel is in a maximum opening state; after the molecular sieve adsorber 4 is installed on the interlayer space 3, the breakable sealing sheet 10 is broken by filling dry high-pressure nitrogen into the feeding pipeline 15, so that the adsorption effect of the molecular sieve 6 in the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 on the gas and water in the interlayer space 3 through the adsorption channels 19, 18 and 20 is realized.
In this embodiment, the valve cover 21 is provided with a valve cover heater 28, and the valve cover heater 28 is used to heat the valve cover 21, so that a valve cover hole on the valve cover 21 is heated and expanded to realize clearance fit with the heating rod 23 of the electric soldering iron 22; the valve cover 21 is cooled to a normal state by removing the heating of the valve cover heater 28, so that a valve cover hole on the valve cover 21 is shrunk to realize interference sealing fit with the heating rod 23 of the electric soldering iron 22.
The bonnet heater 28 is inactive during normal operation of the cryogenic pressure vessel. At this time, the electric soldering iron heating rod 23 and the valve cover hole on the valve cover 21 are in interference sealing fit, and the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 at the front end of the electric soldering iron heating rod 23 is in a state of being separated from the vacuum sealing hole 12, so that an adsorption channel communicating the interior of the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 and the interlayer space 3 is formed.
In order to realize high-reliability sealing between the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 and the vacuum sealing hole 12, a circle of annular cavity 29 is arranged on the valve body 11 and positioned at the periphery of the vacuum sealing hole 12 along the circumferential direction, a cooling liquid inlet hole 30 and a cooling liquid outlet hole 31 are respectively formed in the circle of annular cavity 29, and the circle of annular cavity 29 is connected with a cooling system through the cooling liquid inlet hole 30 and the cooling liquid outlet hole 31.
Preferably, the annular cavity 29 is a rectangular annular cavity 29 formed by drilling a hole in the valve body 11.
In this embodiment, a steel wire mesh filtering baffle 32 for blocking the molecular sieve 6 is connected and arranged in the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 through a buckle, the steel wire mesh filtering baffle 32 is connected to the inner wall of the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 between the molecular sieve 6 and the box cover 7, and the molecular sieve 6 and the box cover 7 are separated by a distance; a strainer 33 is provided on the valve body 11 at an inlet portion of the inlet-side adsorption passage 19.
In this embodiment, the adsorption pipeline 14 and the box cover 7, the adsorption pipeline 14 and the valve body 11, the valve cover 21 and the valve body 11, the bellows 24 and the valve cover 21, the bellows 24 and the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13, and the protective sleeve 25 and the valve cover 21 are all connected by welding to form a high vacuum seal.
In this embodiment, the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 is connected to the front end of the electric soldering iron heating rod 23 by screw-fitting and fixed by welding.
In this embodiment, the adsorption pipeline may be further modified into a curved adsorption pipeline (as shown in fig. 6), and the curved adsorption pipeline may compensate for the relative displacement between the inner container 1 and the outer container 2 caused by the temperature change.
The molecular sieve replacement method of the replaceable molecular sieve adsorber comprises the following steps:
(1) plugging an adsorption channel: the valve cover heater 28 is started to heat the valve cover 21, so that a valve cover hole in the valve cover 21 is expanded, and the clearance fit between the heating rod 23 of the electric soldering iron 22 and the valve cover hole is realized; then the handle of the electric soldering iron 22 is operated, so that the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 at the front end of the electric soldering iron heating rod 23 enters the vacuum sealing hole 12 of the valve body 11; then the valve cover heater 28 is closed, the valve cover 21 is gradually cooled to a normal state, and the valve cover hole on the valve cover 21 is recovered to be in an interference sealing fit state with the electric soldering iron heating rod 23; finally, the electric soldering iron 22 is started to heat the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 at the front end of the electric soldering iron heating rod 23, and the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 expands under heat, so that the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 and the vacuum sealing hole 12 are in sealing interference fit, and an adsorption channel of the valve cover 21 is blocked; after the electric soldering iron 22 is started, a certain heating temperature is maintained, so that the adsorption channel is always in a blocking state;
(2) discharging the old material: removing end enclosures on the feeding pipeline 15 and the discharging pipeline 16, and discharging the old molecular sieve 6 in the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 from the discharging pipeline 16 by adopting a method of filling compressed air into the feeding pipeline 15 or a method of vacuumizing the discharging pipeline 16;
(3) adding new materials: arranging a material blocking net at the end part of the discharge pipeline 16, then adding a new molecular sieve into the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 from the feed pipeline 15 until the molecular sieve adsorption box is filled by arranging a feed pump on the feed pipeline 15, or sucking the new molecular sieve into the molecular sieve adsorption box 5 from the feed pipeline 15 until the molecular sieve adsorption box is filled by connecting a vacuum pump on the discharge pipeline 16;
(4) vacuumizing: plugging the feeding pipeline 15, connecting a material blocking net and a vacuum pump on the discharging pipeline 16 to vacuumize the interior of the molecular sieve adsorption box 5, and plugging the discharging pipeline 16 after vacuumization is finished;
(5) opening an adsorption channel: the electric soldering iron 22 is turned off, so that the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 is gradually cooled to a normal state, and the clearance fit between the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 and the vacuum sealing hole 12 is realized; then the valve cover heater 28 is turned on again, the valve cover 21 is heated to expand, and therefore the clearance fit between the valve cover hole in the valve cover 21 and the electric soldering iron heating rod 23 is achieved; then operating the handle of the electric soldering iron 22 to move the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 at the front end of the electric soldering iron heating rod 23 away from the vacuum sealing hole 12, thereby realizing the opening of the adsorption channel; after the adsorption channel is opened, the valve cover heater 28 is closed, the valve cover 21 is gradually cooled to a normal state, so that the valve cover hole on the valve cover 21 is shrunk and is in interference sealing fit with the heating rod 23 of the electric soldering iron 22 again.
As a further improvement of the molecular sieve replacement method in this embodiment, in the process that the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 enters the vacuum sealing hole 12 and the electric soldering iron 22 is used to heat the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13, the cooling system connected to the annular cavity 29 of the valve body 11 is also used to cool the vacuum sealing hole 12 of the valve body 11, so as to improve the reliability of the interference sealing fit between the thermal expansion sealing plunger 13 and the vacuum sealing hole 12.
Preferably, when the pressure imbalance between the inside and outside of the bellows 24 causes a large resistance during the movement of the operation electric soldering iron 22, the vacuum pumping device connected to the vacuum pumping line 27 of the valve cover 21 is turned on to balance the pressure inside and outside of the bellows 24.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect, which is characterized by comprising an inner vessel, an outer vessel, an interlayer space formed between the inner vessel and the outer vessel, and a support assembly supported between the inner vessel and the outer vessel, wherein the support assembly comprises a pair of support rings with annular hollow inner cavities, a plurality of outer support heat insulation pads arranged on the outer peripheries of the support rings and arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction for supporting the inner wall of the outer vessel, and a plurality of inner support heat insulation pads arranged on the inner peripheries of the support rings and arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction for supporting the outer wall of the inner vessel; the pair of support rings comprises a first support ring and a second support ring, and gas throttle pipes which are communicated with each other are arranged between the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring and the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring; a first gas pipeline is led out from the upper gas space position in the inner container, the first gas pipeline is led out from the inner container and then enters the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring, and a second gas pipeline is led out from the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring; the vacuum container is characterized in that a first valve is arranged on the first gas pipeline, a second valve is arranged on the second gas pipeline, a branch gas pipeline is arranged at one section between the second valve and the outer container on the second gas pipeline, and a third valve and a vacuumizing device are sequentially arranged on the branch gas pipeline.
2. An ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the gas throttle pipes is several and is uniformly arranged in a circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the inner vessel.
3. An ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect as claimed in claim 2, wherein a heat radiation preventing heat insulating shield is provided in the interlayer space, and a plurality of the gas throttle pipes are connected to the heat radiation preventing heat insulating shield, respectively.
4. An ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect according to claim 3, wherein the heat radiation preventing heat insulating shield comprises an outer heat radiation preventing heat insulating shield and an inner heat radiation preventing heat insulating shield, and a plurality of the gas throttle pipes are connected between the outer heat radiation preventing heat insulating shield and the inner heat radiation preventing heat insulating shield.
5. An ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect as claimed in claim 4, wherein the heat radiation preventing and heat insulating shield is further provided at both end positions of the inner vessel on the interlayer space and connected to the support ring.
6. An ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heat radiation proof heat insulation screen is composed of at least a glass fiber paper layer, a chemical fiber net layer and an aluminum-plated film layer which are sequentially laminated; the aluminized film layer on the outer side heat radiation-proof heat insulation screen is positioned on the outer side of the outer side heat radiation-proof heat insulation screen, and the aluminized film layer on the inner side heat radiation-proof heat insulation screen is positioned on the inner side of the inner side heat radiation-proof heat insulation screen.
7. An ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving thermal insulation effect as claimed in claim 6, wherein a replaceable molecular sieve adsorber is provided on the interlayer space.
8. An ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method for improving heat insulation effect comprises the following steps in order:
(1) pre-vacuumizing a support ring: setting the first valve and the second valve in a closed state, simultaneously opening the third valve, vacuumizing the annular hollow inner cavity of the support ring through a vacuumizing device, and closing the third valve after vacuumizing;
(2) opening the first valve; when the air pressure in the inner container rises to a certain pressure value, a first valve is opened;
(3) overpressure relief primary refrigeration: after the first valve is opened, under the action of vacuum suction of the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring, overpressure gas enters the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring from the inner container through the first gas pipeline, the overpressure gas rapidly expands after entering the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring, first heat absorption is realized, and meanwhile, the first support ring is cooled;
(4) overpressure relief secondary refrigeration: under the action of vacuum suction of the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring, gas in the annular hollow inner cavity of the first support ring enters the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring through the gas throttling pipe and rapidly expands in the annular hollow inner cavity of the second support ring, secondary heat absorption is realized, and meanwhile, the second support ring is cooled;
(5) vacuumizing and exhausting: the first valve is closed, then the third valve is opened, the heat absorption gas in the annular hollow inner cavity of the support ring is exhausted through the vacuumizing device, and the third valve is closed after vacuumizing;
(6) periodic cooling of the support ring: repeating the steps (2) to (5) until the air pressure in the inner container is reduced to be below a safe pressure value, so that the periodic cooling of the first support ring and the second support ring is realized, and the heat transfer between the support rings and the inner support heat-insulating pad and the outer support heat-insulating pad is reduced, so that the heat-insulating effect of the ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure container is improved;
the first support ring and the second support ring are periodically cooled to drive the heat radiation-proof heat-insulating screen to be periodically cooled in the interlayer space, so that the heat insulation effect of the ultralow-temperature liquefied gas pressure container is further improved.
9. An ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel for improving heat insulation effect according to claim 8, wherein the heat insulation effect of the ultra-low temperature liquefied gas pressure vessel is improved by periodically replacing the molecular sieve in the molecular sieve adsorber to increase the degree of vacuum in the interlayer space.
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