CN114351699B - Graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod and installation method - Google Patents

Abstract

One or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a staged yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod and an installation method thereof, in which a staged yielding anti-seismic mechanism is used to provide yielding deformation and anti-seismic functions. In the use, when the earthquake takes place, the stock receives the earthquake load effect, lets in grades and presses antidetonation mechanism quick response, lets the energy that the effect absorbed earthquake power produced through stepping in, after the earthquake load disappears, can produce deformation and realize self-resetting, resumes the stock to normal condition, improves the anchoring performance of stock, guarantees that the stock can continuously provide and strut the bearing capacity, has the significance to the engineering of strutting in earthquake area.

Description

A self-resetting anti-seismic anchor with graded yielding pressure and its installation method

technical field

One or more embodiments of this specification relate to the technical field of geotechnical and geological engineering, and in particular to a self-resetting anti-seismic anchor bolt with graded pressure relief and an installation method.

Background technique

With the development of my country's infrastructure industry, bolt support technology, as an engineering technical means that can effectively improve the strength of rock and soil mass and maintain its stability, is widely used due to its simple construction, wide application range and good support effect. Widely used in slope engineering, underground space engineering, tunnel engineering, mine roadway support and other engineering sites. At present, there are various types of bolt devices that have the effect of yielding deformation, but most of them cannot realize the anti-seismic effect, so it is difficult to be suitable for the support of slope engineering under earthquake.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of one or more embodiments of this specification is to provide a self-resetting anti-seismic anchor with graded pressure relief and an installation method, which have the functions of pressure relief in stages and anti-seismic functions.

Based on the above purpose, one or more embodiments of this specification provide a graded self-resetting anti-seismic anchor installed in the anchor hole, including:

Graded compression shock-resistant mechanism, connected with the anchor rod body;

When subjected to earthquake loads, the graded compression anti-seismic mechanism deforms, absorbs the energy generated by the seismic force through the stepwise compression action, and after the seismic load dissipates, the graded compression anti-seismic mechanism deforms to return to a normal state.

Optionally, the graded pressure relief mechanism includes a sleeve, and the elastic section of the anchor rod body is passed through the sleeve. When subjected to an earthquake load or after the earthquake load dissipates, the elastic section deforms to form a Level pressure function.

Optionally, the sleeve is in smooth contact with the anchor rod body.

Optionally, both ends of the elastic section are respectively fixedly connected to the sliders.

Optionally, the side of the sleeve close to the opening of the anchor hole is filled with a deformation body, and the deformation body is deformed by the force of the sleeve to form a secondary pressure relief effect.

Optionally, the graded pressure self-resetting anti-seismic anchor further includes a supporting component and a stress applying component, and the stress applying component passes through the anchor body and the supporting component and abuts against the deformation body, the The support component is stuck against the rock mass.

Optionally, the outer side of the sleeve near the bottom of the anchor hole passes through the anchor section of the anchor rod body, and the anchor section is anchored with the anchor hole.

Optionally, grouting holes are provided through the stress applying part, the supporting part, the deformation body and the sleeve.

Optionally, the anchor hole has a reaming section, the diameter of the reaming section is adapted to the outer diameter of the sleeve, and the height of the reaming section is the same as that of the sleeve and the deformation body in the undeformed state. The sum of the heights is compatible.

The embodiment of this specification also provides a method for installing an anti-seismic bolt with graded self-resetting pressure, including:

Anchor hole construction; wherein, the anchor hole includes a reaming section and a fixing section;

Put sliders at both ends of the anchor rod body, and fix the two sliders with the two ends of the elastic section of the anchor rod body;

The anchor rod body and the slider are passed through the sleeve, the elastic section and the two sliders are located in the sleeve, and the sleeve is sealed;

The sleeve and the anchor rod body are installed in the anchor hole; wherein, the anchor section of the anchor rod body is installed on the fixed section, and the sleeve is installed on the reaming section;

injecting anchoring agent into the fixed section;

Filling the sleeve with deformable bodies;

A supporting component and a stress applying component are installed, and stress is applied to the anchor rod by using the stress applying component.

It can be seen from the above description that the graded pressure yielding self-resetting anti-seismic bolt and installation method provided by one or more embodiments of this specification use the graded pressure yielding anti-seismic mechanism to provide pressure deformation function and anti-seismic function. During use, when an earthquake occurs, the anchor rod is subjected to seismic loads, and the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism responds quickly, and absorbs the energy generated by the seismic force through the graded yielding pressure. After the seismic load disappears, it can generate deformation to realize self-resetting, and the anchor The rod returns to the normal state, improves the anchoring performance of the bolt, ensures that the bolt can continue to provide support bearing capacity, and is easy to install and construct, which is of great significance for support engineering in earthquake areas.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or prior art. Obviously, in the following description The accompanying drawings are only one or more embodiments of this specification, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the anchor rod structure of one or more embodiments of the present specification;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the anchor rod structure of another embodiment of the specification;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sleeve mouth and a sealing cover in one or more embodiments of the present specification;

Fig. 4A is a structural schematic diagram of an anchor rod in an initial state according to one or more embodiments of the present specification;

Fig. 4B is a schematic structural view of the anchor rod in one or more embodiments of the present specification in a state of primary deformation;

Fig. 4C is a schematic structural view of the anchor rod in one or more embodiments of the present specification in a secondary deformation state;

Fig. 4D is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor rod in a reset state according to one or more embodiments of the present specification.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of the present specification shall have ordinary meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in one or more embodiments of the present specification do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Comprising" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or items appearing before the word include the elements or items listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. Words such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "Down", "Left", "Right" and so on are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

As mentioned in the background art section, the current anchor rods with the function of yielding compression deformation do not have the anti-seismic function. The traditional yielding anchor is equipped with high-strength springs, yielding tubes, yielding rings and other components at the anchor head or the bottom of the anchor hole to achieve yielding. In actual engineering, strict encapsulation and protection of the anchor head is required, and the additional pressure relief parts are not conducive to the encapsulation and protection construction of the anchor head. Moreover, the pressure relief parts at the bottom of the anchor hole may be too large to be completely placed in the The bottom end of the anchor hole and the deformation of the anchorage after anchoring are affected. On the other hand, traditional yield bolts are widely used in underground support engineering, especially deep soft rock support with high ground stress, but ground stress is a long-term and continuous force, and its mechanical action mechanism is different from that of short-term The seismic load generated by time, therefore, whether it can be applied to the support of seismic slope cannot be guaranteed. In addition, the traditional yielding anchor achieves the yielding effect by stretching and yielding. However, for slope engineering under strong earthquake conditions, the excessive deformation of the anchor is not conducive to its stability, and when the earthquake force dissipates After that, the deformation self-recovery of the anchor rod cannot be realized. Therefore, it is of little significance for practical engineering applications to achieve seismic yielding through the large deformation of structure or material elongation.

In view of this, the embodiment of this specification provides a self-resetting anti-seismic bolt with graded yielding pressure, which is equipped with a graded pressure yielding anti-seismic mechanism. Afterwards, the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism can return to the initial state, thereby realizing the yielding deformation and self-recovery function of the bolt.

Hereinafter, the technical solution of this specification will be further described in detail through specific examples.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the embodiment of this specification provides a graded self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod, which is installed in the anchor hole, including:

Graded compression shockproof mechanism 7 is connected with anchor rod body 5;

When subjected to earthquake loads, the graded pressure relief mechanism 7 deforms to absorb the energy generated by the seismic force. After the earthquake load dissipates, the graded pressure relief mechanism 7 deforms to return to a normal state.

The step-yielding self-resetting anti-seismic bolt provided by the embodiment of this specification uses the step-yielding anti-seismic mechanism 7 to provide the function of yielding deformation and anti-seismic function. During use, when an earthquake occurs, the anchor rod is subjected to seismic loads, and the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism 7 responds quickly, and absorbs the energy generated by the seismic force through the graded yielding pressure. After the seismic load disappears, it can generate deformation to realize self-resetting, and the It is of great significance for the support engineering in earthquake areas to restore the anchor to the normal state, improve the anchoring performance of the anchor, and ensure that the anchor can continue to provide support bearing capacity.

In some embodiments, the graded pressure relief mechanism 7 includes a sleeve 701, and the elastic section 502 of the anchor rod body 5 is passed through the sleeve 701. When subjected to an earthquake load or after the earthquake load dissipates, the elastic section 502 deforms to form a first-level Let the pressure work.

As shown in the figure, the anchor rod body 5 includes a straight section 501, an elastic section 502 and an anchoring section 503. The anchor rod body passes through the sleeve 701, the elastic section 502 is located inside the sleeve 701, and the straight section 501 passes through the sleeve 701. At one end, the anchor segment 503 passes through the other end of the sleeve 701 . The sleeve 701 and the anchor rod body have a smooth contact surface 706, and the sleeve 701 and the anchor rod body can slide relatively. As shown in Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C, when subjected to an earthquake load, the elastic section 502 deforms, and the anchor rod body stretches and deforms relative to the sleeve 701, forming a first-order yielding effect; as shown in Figure 4D, when the earthquake load dissipates, , the elastic segment 502 deforms and returns to the normal state.

In some ways, the anchor rod body is made of elastic material, wherein, the elastic section 502 is a ring spring structure, and the structural deformation is caused by force, which can achieve a large amount of deformation. The straight section 501 and the anchor section 503 are linear structures, and the force Material deformation occurs, and the amount of deformation is small.

In some embodiments, the two ends of the elastic section 502 are respectively fixedly connected with 705 sliders 702, 703, and the contact surface 704 between the two sliders 702, 703 and the sleeve 701 is a smooth contact, and the two sliders 702, 703 can be opposite to the sleeve. The barrel 701 slides freely. During the deformation process of the elastic section 502 , the sliders 702 and 703 at both ends can respectively abut against the top and the bottom of the sleeve 701 to transmit force.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the mouth of the sleeve 701 is sealingly connected with a sealing cover 707 . The sealing cover 707 is provided with a central hole 711 for piercing the anchor rod body, and the corresponding positions of the sealing cover 707 and the sleeve mouth are respectively provided with connection holes 709 and 710, which are used to seal the sealing cover 701 and the sleeve using the connector 708. Connected together, the corresponding positions of the sealing cover 707 and the sleeve penetrate the grouting hole 2 .

In some embodiments, the side of the sleeve 701 close to the opening of the anchor hole is filled with the deformable body 6 , and the deformable body 6 is deformed by the force of the sleeve 701 to form a secondary yielding effect.

As shown in Figure 4B, when the rock mass is subjected to earthquake loads, the cracks in the weathered cracked rock mass segment develop again, the rock mass deforms, and the generated force acts on the bolt, and the elastic section 502 responds quickly, resulting in tensile deformation and sliding. The block 702 slides in the sleeve 701, and the anchor rod body is deformed; as shown in Figure 4C, the anchor rod body continues to be stressed, the slider 702 slides to the top of the sleeve 701, and the slider 702 pushes against the sleeve 701, and enters the second step pressure, the sleeve 701 moves upward as a whole, and the sleeve 701 exerts force on the deformation body 6, the deformation body 6 undergoes compression deformation, and the elastic section 502 continues to deform until the slider 704 contacts the bottom of the sleeve 701, and at the same time the deformation body 6 Compressed to the maximum deformation, the anchor rod reaches the maximum yielding effect. Thus, under the first-stage yielding action where the elastic section 502 is deformed and the deformed body 6 is not deformed, and the second-stage yielding action where the elastic section 502 is deformed and the deformed body 6 is simultaneously deformed, the graded yielding of the anchor rod is realized, effectively Prevent the anchor rod from being pulled off. As shown in Figure 4D, when the seismic load disappears, the internal cracks in the rock mass are closed, and the axial stress of the bolt decreases. At this time, under the joint restoring force of the elastic section 502 and the deformation body 6, the Return to normal state. In this way, the anchor rod of this embodiment can not only adapt to the long-term continuous ground stress, but also can restore the normal support function after being subjected to earthquake force, and can continuously provide support force under cyclic dynamic load.

In some manners, the deformable body is a component capable of deformation and self-recovery. For example, the deformable body is rubber particles, or foam plastic with high elasticity, or a disc spring structure, etc. The specific material and structure are not limited.

In some embodiments, the graded self-resetting anti-seismic bolt also includes a supporting part and a stress applying part 1, the stress applying part 1 passes through the bolt body and the supporting part and abuts against the deformation body 6, and the supporting part and the rock mass card arrives.

In some ways, the support components include a backing plate 4 and a pallet 3. After the anchor rod body and the graded pressure relief mechanism are installed, the backing plate 4 is passed through the anchor rod body and fixed against the surrounding rock mass. After that, the pallet 3 passes through the anchor rod body and abuts against the backing plate 4, and finally the stress applying part 1 passes through the anchor rod body and abuts against the tray 3, and the stress applying part 1 applies a pretightening force to the anchor rod. Optionally, the stress applying part 1 may be a pre-tightening nut or other connecting parts capable of applying a pre-tightening force to the anchor rod, and the specific part form is not limited.

In some embodiments, the outer side of the sleeve 701 close to the bottom of the anchor hole passes through the anchor section 503 of the anchor rod body, and the anchor section 503 is anchored with the anchor hole. Wherein, the outer surface of the anchoring section 503 of the anchor rod body is provided with threads for increasing the friction between the anchor rod body and the anchoring agent and improving the stability.

In some embodiments, the stress applying part 1, the supporting part, the deformation body 6, and the sleeve 701 are provided with a grouting hole 2 through which the grouting hole 2 has a grouting inlet 201 and a grouting outlet 202. When the anchor rod is installed in the anchor hole After that, the grouting inlet 201 is injected into the anchor hole through the grouting hole, and the injected anchoring agent 10 fixes the anchoring section 503 and the anchor hole.

In some embodiments, the anchor hole has a reaming section 12 and a fixing section 11, the aperture of the reaming section 12 is adapted to the outer diameter of the sleeve 701, and the depth of the reaming section 12 is compatible with the sleeve 701 and the deformation body in the undeformed state. The sum of the heights of 6 is adapted. The aperture of the fixing section 11 is adapted to the outer diameter of the anchoring section 503 of the anchor rod, and the depth of the fixing section 11 is adapted to the height of the anchoring section 503 . The two-stage anchor hole can ensure the normal installation of the anchor rod.

In some application scenarios, the reaming section 12 of the anchor hole is opened in the weathered surrounding rock layer 8 , and the fixing section 11 is opened in the unweathered surrounding rock layer 9 .

As shown in Fig. 1, one or more embodiments of this specification also provide a method for installing a graded self-resetting seismic anchor, including:

Anchor hole construction; wherein, the anchor hole includes a reaming section 12 and a fixing section 11;

Slide blocks 702, 703 are pierced at both ends of the anchor rod body, and the slide blocks 702, 703 are fixedly connected to both ends of the elastic section 502;

The anchor rod body and sliders 702, 703 are integrally installed in the sleeve 701, the elastic section 502 and the two sliders 702, 703 are located in the sleeve 701, and the sleeve 701 is sealed;

The sleeve 701 and the anchor rod body are integrally installed in the anchor hole; wherein, the anchor section 503 of the anchor rod body is installed on the fixed section 11, and the sleeve 701 is installed on the reaming section 12;

Inject the anchoring agent from the grouting hole 2 to the fixed section 11;

Filling and filling the deformable body 6 on the sleeve 701;

The backing plate 4, the tray 3 and the stress applying part 1 are installed, and the stress applying part 1 is used to apply stress to the anchor rod.

According to the above method, after the graded yielding pressure self-resetting seismic anchor is installed at the predetermined position, the graded yielding pressure self-resetting seismic anchor can be used for slope support. The graded pressure self-resetting anti-seismic anchor can respond quickly under the combined force of tension and compression of the graded pressure-relief anti-seismic mechanism when an earthquake occurs, and effectively restore the normal state after the seismic force dissipates, which can ensure that the anchor rod can withstand cyclic dynamics. Continuously providing support under load is of great significance for slope support engineering in strong earthquake areas. At the same time, the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism is set in the anchor hole, which has no effect on the sealing protection of the anchor rod, and the injection of grout will not affect the yielding deformation protection function, and the installation and construction are simple.

Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the discussion of any of the above embodiments is exemplary only, and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claims) is limited to these examples; under the idea of the present disclosure, the above embodiments or Combinations can also be made between technical features in different embodiments, steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of one or more embodiments of this specification as described above, which are not included in the details for the sake of brevity. supply.

In addition, for simplicity of illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure one or more embodiments of the present description, connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided figures. Well known power/ground connections. Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring one or more embodiments of the description, and this also takes into account the fact that details regarding the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the implementation of the invention to be implemented. The platform of one or more embodiments is described (ie, the details should be well within the purview of those skilled in the art). Where specific details (eg, circuits) have been set forth to describe example embodiments of the present disclosure, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other applications may be made without or with variations from these specific details. One or more embodiments of this specification are implemented below. Accordingly, these descriptions should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Although the disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications and variations of those embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures such as dynamic RAM (DRAM) may use the discussed embodiments.

The description of one or more embodiments is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (8)

1. A graded self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod installed in the anchor hole, characterized in that it includes: The graded pressure-yielding anti-seismic mechanism is connected with the bolt body; the graded pressure-yielding anti-seismic mechanism includes a sleeve, and the elastic section of the bolt body is pierced in the sleeve. The elastic section is deformed to form a first-order yielding effect; the sleeve is in smooth contact with the anchor rod body, and the two ends of the elastic section are fixedly connected to the sliders; the side of the sleeve that is close to the anchor hole Filling the deformable body, under the force of the sleeve, the deformable body is deformed to form a secondary yielding effect; When subjected to earthquake loads, the graded compression anti-seismic mechanism deforms, absorbs the energy generated by the seismic force through the stepwise compression action, and after the seismic load dissipates, the graded compression anti-seismic mechanism deforms to return to a normal state. 2. The graded pressure-releasing self-resetting anti-seismic bolt according to claim 1, wherein the deformation body is rubber particles, foamed plastics, or a disc spring structure. 3. According to claim 1 or 2, the graded pressure self-resetting anti-seismic bolt is characterized in that, When the force generated by the deformation of the rock mass acts on the anchor rod body, the elastic section produces tensile deformation, and the slider slides in the sleeve; when the anchor rod body continues to be stressed, the upper end The slider slides to the top of the sleeve and pushes against the sleeve, the sleeve moves upwards as a whole, applying force to the deformation body, the deformation body produces compression deformation, and the elastic section continues to deform , until the slider at the lower end abuts against the bottom of the sleeve, and at the same time, the deformation body is compressed to the maximum deformation amount, and the anchor rod body reaches the maximum yielding effect. 4. The self-resetting anti-seismic bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a support component and a stress application component, and the stress application component passes through the anchor rod body and the support component and is connected with the support component. The deformation body is in contact with each other, and the support component is stuck in contact with the rock mass. 5. The self-resetting anti-seismic bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, the side of the outer side of the sleeve close to the bottom of the anchor hole passes through the anchoring section of the anchor body, and the anchoring section Anchor with the anchor hole. 6. The self-resetting anti-seismic bolt according to claim 4, characterized in that, grouting holes are provided through the stress applying part, the supporting part, the deformation body and the sleeve. 7. The graded self-resetting anti-seismic bolt according to claim 1, wherein the anchor hole has a reaming section, and the diameter of the reaming section is adapted to the outer diameter of the sleeve, so that The height of the reaming section is adapted to the sum of the heights of the sleeve and the deformation body in the undeformed state. 8. A method for installing an anti-seismic bolt with graded self-resetting pressure, characterized in that it includes: Anchor hole construction; wherein, the anchor hole includes a reaming section and a fixing section; Put sliders at both ends of the anchor rod body, and fix the two sliders with the two ends of the elastic section of the anchor rod body; The anchor rod body and the slider are passed through the sleeve, the elastic section and the two sliders are located in the sleeve, and the sleeve is sealed; The sleeve and the anchor rod body are installed in the anchor hole; wherein, the anchor section of the anchor rod body is installed on the fixed section, and the sleeve is installed on the reaming section; injecting anchoring agent into the fixed section; Filling the sleeve with deformable bodies; A supporting component and a stress applying component are installed, and stress is applied to the anchor rod by using the stress applying component.

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