CN114351699B - Graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod and installation method - Google Patents
Graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod and installation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
One or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a staged yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod and an installation method thereof, in which a staged yielding anti-seismic mechanism is used to provide yielding deformation and anti-seismic functions. In the use, when the earthquake takes place, the stock receives the earthquake load effect, lets in grades and presses antidetonation mechanism quick response, lets the energy that the effect absorbed earthquake power produced through stepping in, after the earthquake load disappears, can produce deformation and realize self-resetting, resumes the stock to normal condition, improves the anchoring performance of stock, guarantees that the stock can continuously provide and strut the bearing capacity, has the significance to the engineering of strutting in earthquake area.
Description
Technical Field
One or more embodiments of the present description relate to the technical field of geotechnical and geological engineering, and in particular, to a staged yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod and an installation method thereof.
Background
With the development of the foundation construction industry in China, the anchor rod supporting technology is an engineering technical means capable of effectively improving the strength of the rock-soil body and maintaining the stability of the rock-soil body, and is widely applied to engineering sites such as slope engineering, underground space engineering, tunnel engineering, mine roadway supporting and the like due to the characteristics of simple construction, wide application range, good supporting effect and the like. At present, the anchor rod device with yielding deformation function has various types, but most of the anchor rod devices cannot realize the anti-seismic effect and are difficult to be applied to supporting of slope engineering under the earthquake function.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the purpose of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a staged yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod and an installation method thereof, which have staged yielding and anti-seismic functions.
Based on the above-mentioned purpose, one or more embodiments of this specification provide a step yielding is from restoring to throne antidetonation stock, installs in the bolt hole, includes:
the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism is connected with the anchor rod body;
when the earthquake load is received, the grading yielding anti-seismic mechanism deforms, the energy generated by earthquake force is absorbed through grading yielding, and after the earthquake load is dissipated, the grading yielding anti-seismic mechanism deforms to recover to a normal state.
Optionally, the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism comprises a sleeve, the elastic section of the anchor rod body penetrates through the sleeve, and the elastic section deforms when receiving earthquake load or after the earthquake load is dissipated, so that a one-level yielding effect is formed.
Optionally, the sleeve is in smooth contact with the bolt body.
Optionally, two ends of the elastic section are respectively and fixedly connected with the sliding block.
Optionally, the deformation body is filled at one side of the outer part of the sleeve, which is close to the anchor hole orifice, and the deformation body deforms under the action of the sleeve, so that a secondary yielding effect is formed.
Optionally, the step yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod further comprises a supporting component and a stress applying component, wherein the stress applying component penetrates through the anchor rod body and the supporting component, and is connected with the deformation body in a butting mode, and the supporting component is clamped with the rock body.
Optionally, one side of the sleeve, which is close to the bottom of the anchor hole, penetrates through the anchoring section of the anchor rod body, and the anchoring section is anchored with the anchor hole.
Optionally, the stress applying component, the supporting component, the deforming body and the sleeve are provided with a grouting hole in a penetrating manner.
Optionally, the anchor hole has a hole-expanding section, the hole diameter of the hole-expanding section is adapted to the outer diameter of the sleeve, and the height of the hole-expanding section is adapted to the sum of the heights of the sleeve and the deformable body in the undeformed state.
The embodiment of the specification further provides an installation method of the graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod, which comprises the following steps:
constructing an anchor hole; wherein the anchor hole comprises a hole expanding section and a fixing section;
the two ends of the anchor rod body are penetrated with sliding blocks, and the two sliding blocks are fixedly connected with the two ends of the elastic section of the anchor rod body;
the anchor rod body and the sliding blocks are arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating mode, and the elastic section and the two sliding blocks are located in the sleeve to seal the sleeve;
installing the sleeve and the anchor rod body in the anchor hole; the anchoring section of the anchor rod body is arranged on the fixing section, and the sleeve is arranged on the hole expanding section;
injecting an anchoring agent into the fixed section;
filling a deformation body on the sleeve;
a support member and a stress applying member are installed, and a stress is applied to the anchor rod by the stress applying member.
From the above, it can be seen that the graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod and the installation method provided by one or more embodiments of the specification utilize a graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism to provide yielding deformation function and anti-seismic function. In the use, when taking place the earthquake, the stock receives the earthquake load effect, lets in grades and presses antidetonation mechanism quick response, lets the pressure effect through grading and absorbs the energy that the earthquake power produced, and the earthquake load disappears the back, can produce deformation and realize from restoring to the throne, resumes the stock to normal condition, improves the anchorage performance of stock, guarantees that the stock can continuously provide and strut the bearing capacity, and the installation and construction is simple and easy, has important meaning to the supporting engineering in earthquake area.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments or prior art solutions of the present specification, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only one or more embodiments of the present specification, and that other drawings may be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of a bolt construction according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a bolt construction according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sleeve port and seal cap configuration according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 4A is a schematic view of a bolt according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure in an initial state;
fig. 4B is a schematic structural view of a bolt in a primary deformation state according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 4C is a schematic structural view of a bolt in a secondary deformation state according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 4D is a structural schematic diagram of the anchor rod in a reduction state according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, the present disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
It is to be understood that unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure should have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in one or more embodiments of the specification is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
As described in the background section, current bolts with yielding function do not have anti-seismic function. The traditional yielding anchor rod is additionally provided with a high-strength spring, a yielding pipe, a pressure ring and other components at the anchor head or the bottom of an anchor hole to realize yielding. In actual engineering, need carry out strict encapsulation protection to the anchor head, the additional pressure part of letting who installs is unfavorable for the encapsulation protection construction of anchor head, moreover, the pressure part of letting of anchor eye bottom probably appears because of too big and can't place in anchor eye bottommost, utilize behind the anchor agent anchor influence its deformation scheduling problem. On the other hand, the traditional yielding anchor rod is widely applied to underground supporting engineering, particularly deep soft rock supporting with high ground stress, but the ground stress is a force which exists for a long time and acts continuously, and the mechanical action mechanism of the ground stress is different from the earthquake load generated in a short time, so that the situation that whether the traditional yielding anchor rod is suitable for supporting an earthquake side slope cannot be guaranteed. In addition, the traditional yielding anchor rod achieves the yielding effect through extensible yielding, but for slope engineering under the condition of strong earthquake, the anchor rod generates overlarge deformation and is not beneficial to the stability of the anchor rod, and after the earthquake force is dissipated, the deformation self-recovery of the anchor rod cannot be realized. Therefore, the effect of realizing anti-seismic yielding through the large elongation deformation of the structure or the material has little significance to the practical engineering application.
In view of this, this specification embodiment provides a step yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod, sets up step yielding anti-seismic mechanism, and during the earthquake, step yielding anti-seismic mechanism produces deformation, utilizes step yielding action to absorb the energy that the earthquake power produced, and after the earthquake, step yielding anti-seismic mechanism can return to initial condition to realize the yielding deformation and the self-recovery function of anchor rod.
Hereinafter, the technical means of the present specification will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present specification provides a step yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod, which is installed in an anchor hole, and includes:
the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism 7 is connected with the anchor rod body 5;
when the earthquake load is received, the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism 7 deforms, the energy generated by earthquake force is absorbed through graded yielding, and after the earthquake load is dissipated, the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism 7 deforms to recover to a normal state.
The hierarchical pressure yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod provided by the embodiment of the specification utilizes the hierarchical pressure yielding anti-seismic mechanism 7 to provide the pressure yielding deformation function and the anti-seismic function. In the use, when taking place the earthquake, the stock receives the earthquake load effect, lets in grades and presses antidetonation mechanism 7 quick response, lets the pressure effect through grading and absorbs the energy that the earthquake power produced, after the earthquake load disappears, can produce deformation and realize from restoring to the throne, with the stock recovery to normal condition, improves the anchoring performance of stock, guarantees that the stock can continuously provide and strut the bearing capacity, has important meaning to the supporting engineering in earthquake area.
In some embodiments, the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism 7 includes a sleeve 701, the elastic section 502 of the anchor rod body 5 penetrates through the sleeve 701, and when a seismic load is applied or the seismic load is dissipated, the elastic section 502 deforms to form a primary yielding effect.
As shown, the anchor rod body 5 includes a straight section 501, an elastic section 502 and an anchoring section 503, the anchor rod body is disposed through the sleeve 701, the elastic section 502 is located inside the sleeve 701, the straight section 501 penetrates through one end of the sleeve 701, and the anchoring section 503 penetrates through the other end of the sleeve 701. The sleeve 701 and the anchor rod body are in smooth contact with each other at a contact surface 706, and the sleeve 701 and the anchor rod body can slide relatively. As shown in fig. 4A, 4B, and 4C, when a seismic load is applied, the elastic section 502 deforms, and the anchor rod body stretches and deforms relative to the sleeve 701, so as to form a first-level yielding effect; as shown in fig. 4D, after the seismic load is dissipated, the elastic section 502 deforms and returns to the normal state.
In some embodiments, the anchor rod body is made of an elastic material, wherein the elastic section 502 is a ring spring structure, and is deformed by a force to achieve a large deformation amount, and the straight section 501 and the anchoring section 503 are linear structures, and are deformed by a force to achieve a small deformation amount.
In some embodiments, two ends of the elastic segment 502 are respectively and fixedly connected 705 with sliders 702 and 703, a smooth contact surface 704 is formed between the two sliders 702 and 703 and the sleeve 701, and the two sliders 702 and 703 can freely slide relative to the sleeve 701. In the deformation process of the elastic section 502, the sliding blocks 702 and 703 at the two ends can respectively abut against the top and the bottom of the sleeve 701 to transmit acting force.
As shown in fig. 3, the sleeve 701 is sealingly connected to a sealing cover 707. The sealing cover 707 is provided with a central hole 711 for penetrating the anchor rod body, the corresponding positions of the sealing cover 707 and the sleeve opening are respectively provided with connecting holes 709 and 710 for connecting the sealing cover 701 and the sleeve together by using a connecting piece 708 in a sealing way, and the corresponding positions of the sealing cover 707 and the sleeve penetrate through the grouting hole 2.
In some embodiments, the side of the sleeve 701, which is close to the anchor hole opening, is filled with the deformable body 6, and the deformable body 6 is deformed under the action of the sleeve 701, so that a secondary yielding effect is formed.
As shown in fig. 4B, when the rock mass is subjected to an earthquake load, the weathered fractured rock body section fractures develop again, the rock mass deforms, the generated force acts on the anchor rod, the elastic section 502 responds quickly to generate tensile deformation, the sliding block 702 slides in the sleeve 701, and the anchor rod body deforms; as shown in fig. 4C, the anchor rod body is continuously stressed, the sliding block 702 slides to the top end of the sleeve 701, the sliding block 702 pushes against the sleeve 701, the sleeve 701 enters a second-stage yielding mode, the sleeve 701 moves upwards integrally, the sleeve 701 applies an acting force to the deformation body 6, the deformation body 6 generates compression deformation, the elastic section 502 continues to deform until the sliding block 704 abuts against the bottom of the sleeve 701, the deformation body 6 is compressed to the maximum deformation amount, and the anchor rod achieves the maximum yielding function. From this, under the effect of yielding at the one-level that elastic segment 502 warp and the body 6 that warp does not warp to and the second grade that elastic segment 502 warp and the body 6 that warp simultaneously let the pressure effect, realize the stock in grades and let the pressure, effectively avoid the stock to be broken by the tension. As shown in fig. 4D, when the seismic load disappears, the internal crack of the rock body is closed, the axial stress of the anchor rod is reduced, and at this time, under the effect of the common restoring force of the elastic section 502 and the deformation body 6, the anchor rod is restored to the normal state. Therefore, the anchor rod of the embodiment can adapt to long-term continuous ground stress, can recover the normal supporting function after being subjected to earthquake action force, and well and continuously provides supporting force under cyclic dynamic load.
In some embodiments, the deformable body is a component capable of deforming and self-restoring, for example, the deformable body is rubber particles, and may also be a foam with high elasticity, or a disc spring structure, and the specific material and structural form are not limited.
In some embodiments, the graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod further comprises a supporting component and a stress applying component 1, wherein the stress applying component 1 penetrates through the anchor rod body and the supporting component to abut against the deformation body 6, and the supporting component is clamped against the rock body.
In some modes, the supporting part comprises a base plate 4 and a tray 3, after the anchor rod body and the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism are installed, the base plate 4 penetrates through the anchor rod body to be clamped and fixed with surrounding rock bodies, then the tray 3 penetrates through the anchor rod body to be abutted with the base plate 4, finally the stress applying part 1 penetrates through the anchor rod body to be abutted with the tray 3, and pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor rod by the stress applying part 1. Alternatively, the stress applying component 1 may be a pre-tightening nut or other connecting component capable of applying a pre-tightening force to the anchor rod, and the specific form of the component is not limited.
In some embodiments, the outer side of the sleeve 701 adjacent the bottom of the anchor hole is passed through an anchoring section 503 of the shank of the anchor, the anchoring section 503 being anchored to the anchor hole. Wherein, the anchor section 503 surface of the stock body of rod is equipped with the screw thread for increase the stock body of rod and anchor between the friction, improve the steadiness.
In some embodiments, the stress applying member 1, the supporting member, the deformable body 6 and the sleeve 701 are provided with a grouting hole 2, the grouting hole 2 is provided with a grouting inlet 201 and a grouting outlet 202, after the anchor rod is installed in the anchor hole, grouting is performed in the anchor hole from the grouting inlet 201 through the grouting hole, and the anchoring section 503 is fixed with the anchor hole by the injected anchoring agent 10.
In some embodiments, the anchor hole has a reaming section 12 and a fixing section 11, the diameter of the reaming section 12 is adapted to the outer diameter of the sleeve 701, and the depth of the reaming section 12 is adapted to the sum of the heights of the sleeve 701 and the deformable body 6 in the undeformed state. The aperture of the fixing section 11 is adapted to the outer diameter of the anchoring section 503 of the anchor rod, and the depth of the fixing section 11 is adapted to the height of the anchoring section 503. The normal installation of stock can be guaranteed in the anchor eye of two segmentations.
In some application scenarios, the reaming section 12 of the anchor hole is opened in the weathered surrounding rock layer 8, and the fixing section 11 is opened in the non-weathered surrounding rock layer 9.
With reference to fig. 1, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a method for installing a staged yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod, including:
constructing an anchor hole; wherein, the anchor hole comprises a hole expanding section 12 and a fixing section 11;
the sliding blocks 702 and 703 are arranged at two ends of the anchor rod body in a penetrating way, and the sliding blocks 702 and 703 are fixedly connected with two ends of the elastic section 502;
the anchor rod body and the sliding blocks 702 and 703 are integrally arranged in the sleeve 701 in a penetrating manner, the elastic section 502 and the two sliding blocks 702 and 703 are positioned in the sleeve 701, and the sleeve 701 is sealed;
the sleeve 701 and the anchor rod body are integrally arranged in the anchor hole; wherein, the anchoring section 503 of the anchor rod body is arranged on the fixed section 11, and the sleeve 701 is arranged on the reaming section 12;
injecting an anchoring agent into the fixed section 11 through the grouting holes 2;
the sleeve 701 is filled with the deformable body 6;
the tie plate 4, the pallet 3 and the stress applying member 1 are installed, and the anchor is applied with stress by the stress applying member 1.
After the graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rods are installed at the preset positions according to the method, the graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rods can be used for slope support. The graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod can respond quickly under stretching and compressing combined acting forces of the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism when an earthquake occurs, and can effectively recover to a normal state after earthquake force is dissipated, so that the anchor rod can be guaranteed to continuously provide supporting force under circulating dynamic load, and the graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod has important significance on slope supporting engineering in a strong earthquake area. Meanwhile, the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism is arranged in the anchor hole, the sealing protection of the anchor rod is not influenced, the grout is injected, the yielding deformation protection function cannot be influenced, and the installation and construction are simple and easy.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the spirit of the present disclosure, features from the above embodiments or from different embodiments may also be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present description as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
In addition, well-known power/ground connections to Integrated Circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown within the provided figures for simplicity of illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure one or more embodiments of the description. Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the understanding of one or more embodiments of the present description, and this also takes into account the fact that specifics with respect to implementation of such block diagram devices are highly dependent upon the platform within which the one or more embodiments of the present description will be implemented (i.e., specifics should be well within purview of one skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth in order to describe example embodiments of the disclosure, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that one or more embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced without, or with variation of, these specific details. Accordingly, the description is to be regarded as illustrative instead of restrictive.
While the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures, such as Dynamic RAM (DRAM), may use the discussed embodiments.
It is intended that the one or more embodiments of the present specification embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements, and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a step yielding is from restoring to throne antidetonation stock, installs in the anchor hole, its characterized in that includes:
the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism is connected with the anchor rod body; the graded yielding anti-seismic mechanism comprises a sleeve, an elastic section of the anchor rod body penetrates through the sleeve, and the elastic section deforms when receiving earthquake load or after the earthquake load is dissipated, so that a first-grade yielding effect is formed; the sleeve is in smooth contact with the anchor rod body, and two ends of the elastic section are respectively fixedly connected with a sliding block; one side, close to the anchor hole orifice, outside the sleeve is filled with a deformation body, and the deformation body deforms under the action of the sleeve to form a secondary yielding effect;
when the earthquake load is received, the grading yielding anti-seismic mechanism deforms, the energy generated by earthquake force is absorbed through grading yielding, and after the earthquake load is dissipated, the grading yielding anti-seismic mechanism deforms to recover to a normal state.
2. The graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the deformation body is a rubber particle, a foam plastic or a disc spring structure.
3. A staged yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod according to claim 1 or 2,
when the force generated by the deformation of the rock mass acts on the anchor rod body, the elastic section generates tensile deformation, and the sliding block slides in the sleeve; work as the stock body of rod lasts the atress, the slider of upper end slide extremely the sleeve top and support and push the sleeve, the whole rebound of sleeve, to the effort is applyed to the deformation body, the deformation body produces compression deformation, the elastic segment continues to produce and warp, until the lower extreme the slider with the sleeve bottom offsets, simultaneously the deformation body compression is to the maximum deflection, the stock body of rod reaches the biggest and lets the pressure effect.
4. The graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod according to claim 1, further comprising a supporting component and a stress applying component, wherein the stress applying component penetrates through the anchor rod body and the supporting component to abut against the deformation body, and the supporting component is clamped against a rock body.
5. The graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein one side of the sleeve, which is close to the bottom of the anchor hole, penetrates through an anchoring section of the anchor rod body, and the anchoring section is anchored with the anchor hole.
6. The graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod according to claim 4, wherein a grouting hole is formed in the stress applying component, the supporting component, the deformation body and the sleeve in a penetrating mode.
7. A graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the anchor hole is provided with a hole expanding section, the hole diameter of the hole expanding section is adapted to the outer diameter of the sleeve, and the height of the hole expanding section is adapted to the sum of the heights of the sleeve and a deformed body in an undeformed state.
8. The utility model provides a method for installing from antidetonation stock of restoring to throne in grades, which characterized in that includes:
constructing anchor holes; wherein the anchor hole comprises a hole expanding section and a fixing section;
the two ends of the anchor rod body are penetrated with sliding blocks, and the two sliding blocks are fixedly connected with the two ends of the elastic section of the anchor rod body;
the anchor rod body and the sliding blocks are arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating mode, and the elastic section and the two sliding blocks are located in the sleeve to seal the sleeve;
installing the sleeve and the anchor rod body in the anchor hole; the anchoring section of the anchor rod body is arranged on the fixing section, and the sleeve is arranged on the reaming section;
injecting an anchoring agent into the fixed section;
filling a deformation body on the sleeve;
a support member and a stress applying member are installed, and a stress is applied to the anchor rod by the stress applying member.
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| CN202111349911.1A CN114351699B (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Graded yielding self-resetting anti-seismic anchor rod and installation method |
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| CN116289921B (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2024-05-24 | 重庆交通大学 | Anti-seismic ductile anchor rod structure and anti-seismic method of anchor rod structure |
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