CN114350144B - Polymer powder material for selective laser sintering and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polymer powder material for selective laser sintering and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114350144B
CN114350144B CN202111635362.4A CN202111635362A CN114350144B CN 114350144 B CN114350144 B CN 114350144B CN 202111635362 A CN202111635362 A CN 202111635362A CN 114350144 B CN114350144 B CN 114350144B
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polymer powder
powder
laser sintering
powder material
selective laser
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CN114350144A (en
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谭锐
钟英俊
谭博
陈亮斌
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Hunan Farsoon High Tech Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering, which comprises the following steps: adding the new polymer powder and the residual polymer powder into a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 1:9-9:1, heating to 60-120 ℃, continuously preserving heat, and starting a slow stirring process, wherein the slow stirring process specifically comprises the following steps: weighing water with set mass and equally dividing a plurality of parts by mass, starting from slow stirring, spraying one part of water into mixed powder in a stirrer at intervals of set time by adopting a spraying method until the water with set mass is completely used up, continuing stirring and mixing until the stirring time reaches the set time, and preparing the polymer powder material. The polymer powder material obtained by the invention has the advantages of high bulk density and good fluidity, and is especially suitable for the field of selective laser sintering molding.

Description

Polymer powder material for selective laser sintering and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of selective laser sintering, and relates to a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Selective laser sintering is a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional object by selectively fusing multiple powder layers, which allows a three-dimensional solid to be obtained by laser sintering multiple overlapping layers of powder only in accordance with a three-dimensional image of the object to be produced without the use of tooling. The patents US6136948 and WO9606881 describe in detail such a method for manufacturing three-dimensional objects using powdered polymers.
Polymer powder material the polymer powder material is the main material of selective laser sintering technology, and its bulk density and flowability determine the stability of the machining process and also have important effect on the surface quality and mechanical performance of the sintered product. The polymer powder residual powder which is left on the cavity substrate and is not sintered after selective laser sintering can be reused, the polymer powder residual powder and new powder can realize the recycling of the residual powder through a certain powder preparation process, but in the powder preparation process, the problem of powder static is inevitably generated, so that loose powder is reduced and the fluidity is poor. When the selective laser sintering processing is performed, if the powder mobility is poor, the powder spreading cracking and powder throwing are easy to occur, if the powder is light, the cracking or defect of the workpiece occurs, and if the powder is heavy, the sintering process cannot be continued; the loose density of the powder is low, the sintering abnormality is easy to occur due to the small amount of powder, or the compactness of the workpiece is not enough, and the performance of the workpiece is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering, which is characterized in that new polymer powder and residual powder are mixed, heated to a set temperature and kept warm continuously, static electricity generated by friction in the mixing process of the new polymer powder and the residual powder is eliminated by adopting a slow stirring and interval time spraying process, the polymer powder material with high loose loading, good fluidity and reusability is obtained, the powder reusability is greatly improved, selective laser sintering processing is carried out by adopting the polymer powder material after the new polymer powder and the residual powder are compounded, the selective laser sintering processing can be carried out stably, and a finished product with excellent performance can be prepared.
A mixing method of a polymer powder material comprises the following steps: adding the new polymer powder and the residual polymer powder into a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 1:9-9:1, heating to 60-120 ℃, continuously preserving heat, and starting a slow stirring process, wherein the slow stirring process specifically comprises the following steps: weighing water with set mass and equally dividing a plurality of parts by mass, starting from slow stirring, spraying one part of water into mixed powder in a stirrer at intervals of set time by adopting a spraying method until the water with set mass is completely used up, continuing stirring and mixing until the stirring time reaches the set time, and preparing the polymer powder material. In the process of mixing the polymer powder, static electricity is generated due to mutual movement of powder particles and friction, and the static electricity is remained in the powder due to poor conductivity of the polymer powder, so that the powder particles are mutually 'repelled', the distance between the powder is increased, the loose density of the powder is reduced, meanwhile, the fluidity of the powder is also reduced due to the existence of the static electricity, and the processing performance of the powder, the performance of manufactured parts after processing and the reusability of the powder are reduced. The preparation process solves the problem of powder static electricity, and the static electricity generated by mutual friction of the powder in the powder mixing process is removed by the heating and water adding processes, so that the 'repulsion' among the powder is reduced or even eliminated, the powder stacking and the mutual movement are facilitated, and the powder material with high loose loading and good fluidity can be obtained.
Further preferably, the polymer powder is one or more of PA12, PA1212, PA6, PA610, PA612, PA66, PA46, PA512, PA514, PA56, PA1010, PA1012, PA11, and PPS, PET, PBT, POM, PP, PE, POM, PEEK, PEKK, TPU.
Further preferably, the mass ratio of the polymer powder new powder to the polymer powder residual powder is 1:4-4:1.
further preferably, the temperature of the incubation is 70-90 ℃.
Further preferably, the stirring speed of the slow stirring process is 20-100RPM, and the stirring set time is 1-8h.
Further preferably, the stirring speed of the slow stirring process is 40-60RPM, and the stirring set time is 2-5h.
Further preferably, the mass of the water is 0.01-1% of the total mass of the polymer powder new powder and the polymer powder residual powder.
Further preferably, the water is divided into a plurality of parts by mass of not less than 2 parts, and the interval setting time of each spraying is not less than 5 minutes.
Further preferably, the water is divided into 4-8 parts by mass, and the interval between each spraying is set to 8-10min.
The invention also provides a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the polymer powder material for selective laser sintering. The polymer powder material for selective laser sintering prepared by the invention has high loose loading, good fluidity and reusability.
According to the preparation method of the polymer powder material for selective laser sintering, provided by the invention, water is added in the powder mixing process to provide a good conduction environment for static electricity, so that static electricity generated by powder mixing can be effectively circulated and led out, meanwhile, heating is applied, evaporation of water is accelerated, the added water can be timely discharged without affecting the moisture content of the powder, meanwhile, the conduction of static electricity and the removal of air among the powder are driven during the removal of water, the bulk density of the powder is favorably improved, the improvement of loose density and fluidity of the powder is achieved, new powder and residual powder of the polymer powder after powder preparation can be suitable for selective laser sintering, the recycling rate of residual powder is greatly improved, and the problem of static electricity generated by the powder is solved. The polymer powder material prepared from the novel polymer powder and the residual powder is subjected to selective laser sintering processing, the selective laser sintering processing can be still performed stably, and a finished product with excellent performance can be prepared.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Respectively taking 20kg of new powder of PA1212 powder material and 80kg of residual powder, adding into a slow mixer, heating to 80 ℃, mixing at a rotating speed of 50RPM, weighing 0.5kg of water, dividing into 5 parts, 0.1kg of water each part, starting timing from stirring, spraying 0.1kg of water into the material of the slow mixer every 10min by adopting a spraying method until all water is added, continuously heating to maintain 80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 3h to obtain PA1212 mixed powder material, measuring loose powder density and repose angle, printing in an HT252 device of Hua Shugao families, and testing the performance of printing sample bars.
Comparative example 1
And respectively taking more than 20kg of new powder and 80kg of new powder of the PA1212 powder material, adding into a slow mixer, mixing for 3 hours at a rotating speed of 50RPM to obtain the PA1212 mixed powder material, measuring the apparent density and the repose angle of the powder, printing in HT252 equipment of Hua Shugao, and testing the performance of printing bars.
Example 2
Respectively taking 20kg of new PA1212 glass bead composite powder and 80kg of residual powder, adding into a slow mixer, heating to 80 ℃, mixing at a rotating speed of 50RPM, weighing 0.5kg of water, dividing into 5 parts, 0.1kg of water each part, starting timing from stirring, spraying 0.1kg of water into the materials of the slow mixer by adopting a spraying method every 10min until all water is added, continuously heating to maintain 80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 3h, obtaining PA1212 glass bead mixed powder material, measuring loose density and repose angle of the powder, printing in Hua Shugao HT252 equipment, and testing the performance of printed sample bars.
Comparative example 2
And respectively taking 20kg of new powder and 80kg of residual powder of the PA1212 glass bead composite material, adding into a slow mixer, mixing for 3 hours at a rotating speed of 50RPM to obtain the PA1212 mixed powder material, measuring the apparent density and repose angle of the powder, printing in HT252 equipment of Hua Shugao families, and testing the performance of the printing sample bar.
Example 3
Respectively taking 20kg of new PP powder material powder and 80kg of residual powder, adding into a slow mixer, heating to 80 ℃, mixing at a rotating speed of 50RPM, weighing 0.5kg of water, dividing into 5 parts, 0.1kg of water each part, starting timing from stirring, spraying 0.1kg of water into the materials of the slow mixer every 10min by adopting a spraying method until all water is added, continuously heating to maintain 80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 3 hours to obtain PP mixed powder materials, measuring the apparent density and repose angle of the powder, printing in an HT252 device of Hua Shugao families, and testing the performance of printing bars.
Comparative example 3
Respectively taking 20kg of new PP powder material powder and 80kg of residual PP powder material powder, adding into a slow mixer, mixing for 3 hours at a rotating speed of 50RPM to obtain PP mixed powder material, measuring the apparent density and repose angle of the PP mixed powder material, printing in HT252 equipment of Hua Shugao, and testing the performance of printing sample bars.
Example 4
Adding 20kg of new TPU powder material and 80kg of residual powder into a slow mixer, heating to 80 ℃, mixing at a rotating speed of 50RPM, weighing 0.5kg of water, dividing into 5 parts, 0.1kg of water each part, starting timing from stirring, spraying 0.1kg of water into the materials of the slow mixer every 10min by adopting a spraying method until all water is added, continuously heating to maintain 80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 3 hours, obtaining TPU mixed powder material, measuring the bulk density and repose angle of the powder, printing in an HT252 device of Hua Shugao families, and testing the performance of printing bars.
Comparative example 4
And respectively taking 20kg of new TPU powder material powder and 80kg of residual powder, adding into a slow mixer, mixing for 3 hours at a rotating speed of 50RPM to obtain TPU mixed powder material, measuring the bulk density and repose angle of the powder, printing in HT252 equipment of Hua Shugao, and testing the performance of printing bars.
Example 5
Respectively taking 20kg of new PPS powder material and 80kg of residual powder, adding into a slow mixer, heating to 80 ℃, mixing at a rotating speed of 50RPM, weighing 0.5kg of water, dividing into 5 parts, 0.1kg of water each part, starting timing from stirring, spraying 0.1kg of water into the material of the slow mixer every 10min by adopting a spraying method until all water is added, continuously heating to maintain 80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 3 hours to obtain the PPS mixed powder material, measuring the apparent density and repose angle of the powder, printing in an ST252 device of Hua Shugao families, and testing the performance of printing bars.
Comparative example 5
And respectively taking 20kg of new PPS powder material powder and 80kg of residual powder, adding into a slow mixer, mixing for 3 hours at a rotating speed of 50RPM to obtain PPS mixed powder material, measuring the apparent density and the repose angle of the powder, printing in ST252 equipment of Hua Shugao, and testing the performance of printing bars.
Example 6
Respectively taking 20kg of new powder and 80kg of residual powder of the PBT powder material, adding the new powder and the residual powder into a slow mixer, heating to 80 ℃, mixing at a rotating speed of 50RPM, weighing 0.5kg of water, dividing into 5 parts, 0.1kg of water each part, starting timing from stirring, spraying 0.1kg of water into the materials of the slow mixer every 10min by adopting a spraying method until all the water is added, continuously heating to maintain 80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 3 hours, obtaining the PBT mixed powder material, measuring the bulk density and repose angle of the powder, printing in an ST252 device of Hua Shugao families, and testing the performance of printing bars.
Comparative example 6
Respectively taking 20kg of new PBT powder material powder and 80kg of residual powder, adding into a slow mixer, mixing for 3 hours at a rotating speed of 50RPM to obtain a PBT mixed powder material, measuring the bulk density and the repose angle of the powder, printing in a Hua Shugao family ST252 device, and testing the performance of printing bars.
Figure BDA0003441927670000041
Figure BDA0003441927670000051
In the embodiment, the powder mixing process is adopted, the heating and water adding steps in the mixing process are eliminated in the comparison example, and the comparison of different materials can find that the apparent density of the powder is improved to a certain extent and the repose angle is reduced to a certain extent after the process is adopted, so that the apparent density and the fluidity of the powder material are obviously improved after the process is adopted, the mechanical property of the material is improved, and the molding processing of the powder material and the improvement of the powder recycling property are facilitated.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the polymer powder material for selective laser sintering is characterized by comprising the following steps of: adding the new polymer powder and the residual polymer powder into a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 1:9-9:1, heating to 60-120 ℃, continuously preserving heat, and starting a slow stirring process, wherein the slow stirring process specifically comprises the following steps: weighing water with set mass and equally dividing a plurality of parts by mass, starting from slow stirring, spraying one part of water into mixed powder in a stirrer at intervals of set time by adopting a spraying method until the water with set mass is completely used up, continuing stirring and mixing until the stirring time reaches the set time, and preparing a polymer powder material; the stirring speed of the slow stirring process is 20-100RPM.
2. The method for preparing a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering according to claim 1, wherein the polymer powder is one or more of PA12, PA1212, PA6, PA610, PA612, PA66, PA46, PA512, PA514, PA56, PA1010, PA1012, PA11, and PPS, PET, PBT, POM, PP, PE, PEEK, PEKK, TPU.
3. The method for preparing the polymer powder material for selective laser sintering according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the polymer powder new powder to the polymer powder residual powder is 1:4-4:1.
4. the method for preparing a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation is 70-90 ℃.
5. The method for preparing a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering according to claim 4, wherein the stirring setting time of the slow stirring process is 1-8 hours.
6. The method for preparing polymer powder material for selective laser sintering according to claim 5, wherein the stirring speed of the slow stirring process is 40-60RPM, and the stirring setting time is 2-5h.
7. The method for preparing a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering according to claim 6, wherein the mass of the water is 0.01-1% of the total mass of the polymer powder new powder and the polymer powder residual powder.
8. The method for producing a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering according to claim 7, wherein the water is divided into several parts by mass not less than 2 parts, and the interval setting time of each spraying is not less than 5 minutes.
9. The method for preparing a polymer powder material for selective laser sintering according to claim 8, wherein the water is divided into 4-8 parts by mass, and the interval between each spraying is set to 8-10min.
10. A polymer powder material for selective laser sintering, characterized by being produced by the polymer powder material production method for selective laser sintering according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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