RU132795U1 - TECHNOLOGICAL LINE FOR PRODUCING GRANULAR FOAM GLASS FROM GLASS - Google Patents

Abstract

The technological line for the production of granular foam glass includes a cullet warehouse, an impurity purifier, a clean cullet stock tank, a chopper, a ground glass storage bin, a granulator, a pellet drying oven, a vibrating screen, a semi-finished pellet storage bin, a rotary foaming furnace, a warehouse finished products, characterized in that the line is equipped with a foam-glass mixture mixer installed in front of the granulator, the first additional technological the process of obtaining a finely ground dry additive for a foam-glass mixture, including a warehouse of solid additives, a grinder of additives, a hopper of a stock of ground additives, a second additional technological thread for preparing a solution of liquid components, including a hopper of a stock of a blowing agent, a hopper of liquid components, making an oven for drying granules in the form of a drum electric dryer , a crusher installed in conjunction with a vibrating screen after the pellet drying oven, the third additional technological thread for the return of small raw granules ul prefabricated into the stock cullet of clean cullet, weighing pellet of semi-finished pellets and weighing dispenser of separating medium installed in front of the rotary foaming furnace, hopper of stock of separating medium installed in front of the weighing batcher of separating medium, a rotary refrigerator installed after the rotary foaming oven, with the possibility of quick cooling of foamed granules, fractionation apparatus installed after the rotating refrigerator, with the possibility of simultaneous separation of the separation

Description

The claimed technical solution relates to the production of heat-insulating materials, namely to the production of granulated foam glass.

Known technical solution for the production of granular foam glass Patent RU 2162825 (C03C 11/00, 02/10/2001, A method of manufacturing granular foam glass from cullet). The technological line described in this method consists of the following machines, equipment and assemblies installed sequentially and interconnected: cullet warehouse, impurity purification apparatus (chopper, washing and drying drum), clean cullet stock bin, chopper (mills), ground glass stock bin (hopper with a finely ground charge), a granulator (plate granulator), a furnace for drying granules (a belt-and-mesh dryer heated by combustible gases), a storage bin for pellets of a semi-finished product (a storage bin for raw granules), Ibrosito, rotary foaming furnace (heated by hot gases), rotary annealing furnace, finished goods warehouse.

However, the processing line described above has the following disadvantages:

- the use of a granulator for mixing glass powders and a blowing agent with a solution of liquid components does not provide a uniform distribution of all components in the foam-glass mixture, since when adding liquid components to dry powders in the granulator, dry powders stick to drops of liquid components with the formation of raw semi-finished granules in which the liquid components are in the center of the raw cake mix, and the dry powders are on the outside. When foaming such raw pellets of a semi-finished product, a low-quality granular foam glass with increased density and uneven structure is obtained.

- the use of a grinder for simultaneous grinding and mixing of the blowing agent and cullet does not provide a good distribution of the blowing agent in the glass powder when using a liquid blowing agent, since when a small amount of a liquid blowing agent is added (1-5% by weight of a cullet), the entire amount of the liquid blowing agent may stick to the internal the surface of the grinder, as a result of which the pore former does not distribute in the mass of ground glass, which will lead to poor quality granular foam glass with a high density.

- the supply of small raw granules to the granulator after screening with a vibrating screen reduces the quality of the final product. As a rule, small raw semifinished product granules practically do not contain a blowing agent. Therefore, when they are re-fed into the granulator, larger raw semi-finished raw granules are formed, inside of which poor-quality small raw granules remain. This leads to poor-quality granular foam glass with an uneven structure.

- the use of a belt-mesh dryer (an oven for drying granules) requires an increased drying time due to the static position of the raw granules of the semi-finished product, which leads to low productivity of the oven for drying granules.

- the use of equipment running on gas and fuel oil requires increased safety requirements for the entire production and makes high demands on the maintenance staff. In addition, it is necessary to recover the heat of the exhaust flue gases and to clean them of harmful impurities, such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur.

- the use of an annealing furnace for cooling granular foam glass to 30 ° C for 2 hours greatly reduces the speed of production.

- low productivity of the rotary foaming furnace, as for the supply of raw granules of the semi-finished product and the separating medium in the rotary foaming furnace does not apply precise control means. Otherwise, at a low feed rate of materials into a rotary foaming furnace, the output of finished products will be low at high foaming costs, at a high feed rate of materials - raw granules will not have time to warm up and foam to produce high-quality granular foam glass, with a high ratio of the amount of separating medium to raw pellets of the semi-finished product will increase the cost of heating the separating medium, with a low ratio - the raw granules of the semi-finished product will begin to stick together with radiation of low-quality granular foam glass.

The task solved by the utility model

The objective of the claimed technical solution is to improve the quality of products, expand the raw material base, increase the productivity of the technological line, increase the environmental friendliness of the technological line, expand the technological capabilities of the technological line due to the uniform distribution of components in the foam-glass mixture, due to the possibility of introducing additional additives into the foam-glass mixture, due to re-grinding small raw pellets of the semi-finished product, through the use of various types a blowing agent, through the use of high-performance equipment, by reducing the harmful emissions into the atmosphere from the combustion of fuel, by providing the separation of the granulated foamed glass fractional composition.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the technological line for the production of granulated foam glass, including a cullet warehouse, an impurity purification apparatus, a clean cullet storage bin, a grinder, a ground glass storage bin, a granulator, a granule drying oven, a vibrating screen, a granule storage bin, is installed and interconnected by conveyors; semi-finished product, a rotary foaming furnace, a finished product warehouse according to a utility model is equipped with a foam-glass mixture mixer installed in front of the granulator , the first additional technological thread for producing a finely ground dry additive for a foam-glass mixture, including a warehouse of solid additives, a grinder of additives, a hopper for stocking ground additives, the second additional technological thread for preparing a solution of liquid components, including a hopper for stocking a blowing agent, a hopper for liquid components, making an oven for drying granules in the form of a drum electric dryer, a crusher installed in conjunction with a vibrating screen after the pellet drying oven, the third additional technology with a thread for returning small raw pellets of a semi-finished product to a clean cullet stock bin, a weight batcher of semi-finished pellets and a weight batcher of a separating medium installed in front of a rotary foaming furnace, a bin of a reserve of separating medium installed in front of a weight batcher of a separating medium, a rotating refrigerator installed after the rotary foaming furnace, with the possibility of rapid cooling of the foamed granules, by the fractionation apparatus installed after the rotating refrigerator, with the possibility of ozhnostyu simultaneously separating the separating medium and separating the granulated foamed glass fractions.

In the prototype, a finely ground glass powder and a blowing agent are mixed with a solution of liquid components directly in the granulator. With this solution, the liquid is not evenly distributed in the volume of the raw granules of the semi-finished product, but remains mainly inside the raw granules of the semi-finished product, which leads to the production of low-quality granular foam glass with an uneven structure. In the proposed production line, an additional foam glass mixer is installed in front of the granulator, in which it becomes possible to mix dry powders with liquid components to obtain a foam glass mixture before being fed into the granulator. The use of an additional mixer of the foam-glass mixture makes it possible to ensure uniform distribution of all components in the volume of the foam-glass mixture, which leads to high-quality granular foam glass with uniformly distributed pores.

The proposed production line is equipped with the first additional technological line for producing a finely ground dry additive for a foam-glass mixture, including a warehouse of solid additives, a grinder of additives, a hopper for the stock of ground additives. The supply of a finely ground dry additive to the mixer of the foam glass mixture makes it possible to obtain granular foam glass of improved quality with improved characteristics of the final product, for example, the chemical activity of granular foam glass or its color.

The proposed production line is equipped with a second additional technological thread for the preparation of a solution of liquid components, including a stock bin for the blowing agent, a hopper for liquid components. In the prototype, the blowing agent is fed to the input of the cullet grinder, where the cullet and the blowing agent are simultaneously crushed and mixed. This imposes restrictions on the use of a liquid blowing agent, since there arises the problem of uniform distribution of a small amount of a liquid blowing agent (1-5% by weight) in the mass of glass powder. In the proposed production line, the blowing agent enters the hopper of the liquid components, which not only allows the use of a blowing agent supplied both in the form of dry powders and in the form of liquids, but also to ensure uniform mixing of the liquid components in an amount of about 20% of the mass. with dry powders to obtain a high-quality foam-glass mixture with uniformly distributed components, the foaming of which leads to high-quality granular foam glass with uniformly distributed pores. Thus, the additional technological thread for preparing a solution of liquid components allows you to expand the raw material base through the use of a blowing agent in dry and liquid form, with obtaining high-quality final granular foam glass.

In the prototype, the raw granules of the semi-finished product are dried in a pellet drying oven made in the form of a gas belt-mesh dryer in a layer of up to 100 mm. This solution requires increased drying time due to the static position of the raw granules of the semi-finished product. In the proposed technical solution, the use of an oven for drying granules in the form of a drum electric dryer instead of a gas belt-mesh dryer increases the drying speed of raw semi-finished granules due to the constant movement of raw granules of the semi-finished product through the drum, and the use of electricity for heating instead of the flow of hot gases generated in the process fuel combustion, eliminates harmful atmospheric emissions from fuel combustion. Thus, the implementation of the furnace for drying granules in the form of a drum electric dryer can improve the productivity and environmental friendliness of the production line.

In the proposed production line, together with a vibrating screen, a crusher is installed, intended for crushing large raw granules of a semi-finished product. For the most efficient operation of the rotary foaming furnace, it is necessary to supply raw pellets of the semi-finished product having the same heating rate, i.e. raw semifinished granules should be approximately the same size. Otherwise, as in the prototype, at maximum productivity of a rotary kiln, large raw granules of the semi-finished product will not have time to warm up and foam in the entire volume, which will lead to low-quality products. Thus, the crushing of large raw pellets of the semi-finished product and the choice of the middle fraction before feeding into a rotary foaming furnace, allows to increase the productivity of the processing line. In the prototype, a semi-finished pellet stock bin is installed in front of the vibrating screen. In the proposed production line, the semi-finished pellet stock bin is installed after the vibrating screen in order to ensure that the semi-finished pellet stock bin is filled with raw semi-finished pellets that have already passed the crushing operation on the grinder, screening on the vibrating screen and ready to be fed into the rotary foaming furnace.

As a rule, small raw semifinished product granules practically do not contain a blowing agent. Therefore, when they are re-fed into the granulator, as in the prototype, larger raw raw granules of the semi-finished product are formed, inside of which poor-quality small raw granules remain. When foaming such raw granules, a low-quality granular foam glass with an uneven structure is obtained. In the proposed production line, after vibrating screens, small raw semifinished granules are sent along the third additional technological thread, for example, by means of a conveyor belt, for recycling to the storage bin of clean cullet, where they are ground and mixed with glass powder. Re-mixing the crushed fine raw granules of the semi-finished product with dry powders and liquid components allows you to get high-quality foam-glass mixture, when foaming which will get high-quality granular foam glass.

When foaming raw pellets of a semi-finished product, which is a mixture of various fractional composition, a significant amount of a separating medium is used, which must be heated and cooled. Compared with the prototype, the exact weight dosing of the supply of raw granules of the semi-finished product and the separating medium in a rotary foaming furnace, provides a minimum amount of separating medium, which eliminates the sticking of foam glass mass on the surface of the drum of a rotary foaming furnace, eliminates heating of excessive separating medium and, thus, maximizes increase the productivity of a rotary foaming oven. The proposed production line is equipped with a weight dispenser of pellets of the semi-finished product and a weight dispenser of the separating medium installed at the inlet of the rotary foaming furnace for the accurate supply of raw granules of the semi-finished product and the separating medium. For uniform operation of the production line, equipment downtime associated with the preparation of materials before they are fed into the weight batchers must be eliminated. For this purpose, storage bins are installed in front of the weighing batchers, which always contain a supply of materials for feeding to the weighing batching. In the proposed production line, as well as in the prototype, raw pellets of the semi-finished product are accumulated in the hopper stock of pellets of the semi-finished product, from where they come into the weight dispenser of pellets of the semi-finished product. For continuous supply of a separating medium, the proposed production line is equipped with an additional separating medium reserve hopper installed in front of the weighing batcher of the separating medium. Thus, the weight dosing of the pellets of the semi-finished product and the separating medium before being fed into the rotary foaming furnace allows to increase the productivity of the production line.

In the proposed production line, after the rotary foaming furnace, a rotary refrigerator is installed in which the granular foam glass quickly cools to a temperature of not more than 50 ° C in less than 30 minutes without changing the strength characteristics of the obtained granular foam glass. Compared with the prototype, the refusal to use annealing furnaces for the gradual cooling of granules within 2 hours, can significantly increase the speed of production of granulated foam glass and, thereby, increase the productivity of the line.

In the proposed production line, in comparison with the prototype, an apparatus for separating granular foam glass into fractions is installed in front of the finished goods warehouse, which allows you to simultaneously separate fine-grained separating medium from granulated foam glass and separate granulated foam glass into several fractions, for example, to obtain fractions up to 3 mm, 3-10 mm, more than 10 mm. Separation of granular foam glass allows increasing the efficiency of its use in various fields of application, for example, it is preferable to use small granular foam glass (fraction up to 3 mm) for heat-insulating solutions, for the insulating hollow blocks - the middle fraction (3-10 mm), for the heat-insulating fillings - large granular foam glass fraction (more than 10 mm). Thus, the separation of granular foam glass by fractional composition allows you to expand the technological capabilities of the technological line for the production of granular foam glass by obtaining a product sorted by fractional composition.

The technical result provided by the given set of features is to improve product quality due to the uniform distribution of the components in the foam glass mixture, the introduction of additional additives and regrind of the small raw granules of the semi-finished product, the possibility of using a blowing agent in the form of a powder or liquid, increasing the productivity and environmental friendliness of the processing line, separation of granular foam glass by fractional composition.

The technical solution is illustrated by the drawing, where figure 1 shows the technological line for the production of granular foam glass.

The technological line for the production of granular foam glass consists of the following interconnected main technological apparatuses: cullet storage unit 1, impurity purification apparatus 2, clean cullet storage tank 3, shredder 4, ground glass storage bunker 5, solid additives storage 6, additive grinder 7, ground storage bunker additives 8, a hopper of liquid components 9, a stock hopper of a blowing agent 10, a mixer of a foam-glass mixture 11, a granulator 12, a furnace for drying granules 13, a vibrating screen 14, a crusher 15, a hopper stock of granules of a semi-finished product 16, the stock hopper of the separating medium 17, the weight dispenser of pellets of the semi-finished product 18, the weight dispenser of the separating medium 19, the rotary foaming furnace 20, the rotary cooler 21, the fractionation apparatus 22, the finished product warehouse 23.

Cullet from the warehouse of cullet 1 is sent to the apparatus for cleaning impurities 2, where there is a preliminary crushing of cullet and remove impurities. Crushed peeled cullet is accumulated in the storage bin of clean cullet 3, from where it is sent to the grinder 4, where it is milled to the required particle size, and then it is accumulated in the storage bin of ground cullet 5.

Technological additives from the warehouse of solid additives 6 pass through the grinder additives 7, where they are milled to the desired particle size. After grinding, they accumulate in the hopper stock of ground additives 8.

In a separate hopper of the liquid components 9, a solution of the liquid components is prepared, into which a blowing agent is additionally supplied from the stock bin of the blowing agent 10.

Ground glass from the ground glass storage hopper 5, ground additives from the ground additive storage hopper 8 and a solution of liquid components from the liquid component hopper 9 are mixed in a foam glass mixer 11 to produce a foam glass mixture. The foam-glass mixture is rolled in a granulator 12 to obtain raw semi-finished granules, which are dried in an oven for drying granules 13, made in the form of an electric drum dryer.

The dried raw granules of the semi-finished product are fed to a vibrating screen 14, from which large raw granules of the semi-finished product are fed to the crusher 15, where they are crushed to medium-sized granules, which, after crushing, are returned to the vibrating screen 14. The average fraction of the raw granules of the semi-finished product is accumulated in the silo stockpile of the semi-finished product. the granules of the semi-finished product from the vibrating screen 14 are sent, for example, using a conveyor belt, for re-grinding into the silo stock 3.

From the stock hopper of pellets of the semi-finished product 16 and the stock hopper of the separating medium 17, materials passing through the weight dispenser of the pellets of the semi-finished product 18 and the weight dispenser of the separating medium 19 are fed into the rotary foaming furnace in a predetermined proportion 20. At the exit of the rotary foaming oven, granular foam glass and separating medium are poured into a rotating refrigerator 21, where they are cooled to low temperatures.

Next, the granulated foam glass together with the separating medium is poured into the fractionation separation apparatus 22, at the outlet of which the separating medium is sent back to the stock hopper of the separating medium 17, and the granulated foam glass sorted by fractions is sent to the finished product warehouse 23.

Thus, this production line provides improved product quality, expanded raw materials, increased productivity, increased environmental friendliness, and expanded product range.

Claims (1)

The technological line for the production of granular foam glass includes a cullet warehouse, an impurity purifier, a clean cullet stock tank, a chopper, a ground glass storage bin, a granulator, a pellet drying oven, a vibrating screen, a semi-finished pellet storage bin, a rotary foaming furnace, a warehouse finished products, characterized in that the line is equipped with a foam-glass mixture mixer installed in front of the granulator, the first additional technological the process of obtaining a finely ground dry additive for a foam-glass mixture, including a warehouse of solid additives, a grinder of additives, a hopper of a stock of ground additives, a second additional technological thread for preparing a solution of liquid components, including a hopper of a stock of a blowing agent, a hopper of liquid components, making an oven for drying granules in the form of a drum electric dryer , a crusher installed in conjunction with a vibrating screen after the pellet drying oven, the third additional technological thread for the return of small raw granules ul prefabricated into the stock cullet of clean cullet, weighing pellet of semi-finished pellets and weighing dispenser of separating medium installed in front of the rotary foaming furnace, hopper of stock of separating medium installed in front of the weighing batcher of separating medium, a rotary refrigerator installed after the rotary foaming oven, with the possibility of quick cooling of foamed granules, fractionation apparatus installed after the rotating refrigerator, with the possibility of simultaneous separation of the separation environment and separation of granulated foam glass into fractions.

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