Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of deuterated trifluoroacetic acid, which aims to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of deuterated trifluoroacetic acid comprises the following steps:
step one, adding a solvent and a dehydrating agent into a dry reaction kettle, stirring for 20-30min at 800r/min under 600-800r/min, then dropwise adding trifluoroacetic acid under the stirring state, wherein the dropping speed is 2-4 drops/second, after complete dropwise addition, heating and refluxing for 6-24h, then distilling under normal pressure, collecting front fraction at 40-50 ℃, and rectifying the obtained front fraction to obtain trifluoroacetic anhydride, wherein the feeding mass ratio of the dehydrating agent to the trifluoroacetic acid is 1: 2-5;
and step two, adding trifluoroacetic anhydride into a dry reaction kettle, introducing argon, forming the condition of argon bubbling, then dropwise adding heavy water at the temperature of 0 +/-3 ℃, wherein the dropping speed is 2-4 drops/second, after complete dropwise addition, argon bubbling is carried out for 1-1.5 hours at the temperature of 0-10 ℃, and then rectifying to obtain deuterated trifluoroacetic acid, wherein the molar ratio of the trifluoroacetic anhydride to the heavy water is 1: 1.05-1.2.
Further, the dehydrating agent is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, ultrasonically dispersing artificial zeolite in absolute ethyl alcohol, then adding 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane, heating and refluxing for 1.5-2h, then cooling to room temperature, performing ultrafiltration and drying to obtain the amino artificial zeolite, wherein the dosage ratio of the artificial zeolite, the absolute ethyl alcohol and the 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane is 1g:10-15mL:0.3-0.5g, and in the reaction, the amino is grafted on the surface of the artificial zeolite by utilizing the etherification reaction of hydroxyl on the surface of the artificial zeolite and methoxyl in the 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane under the reflux action;
secondly, soaking the amino artificial zeolite in ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 1-1.5h by an equal volume soaking method, filtering, washing with deionized water, drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 120 ℃, heating to the temperature of 500 ℃ and 550 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, roasting for 4h, grinding through a sieve of 150 ℃ and 300 meshes to obtain a dehydrating agent, wherein the mass concentration of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 25-45%, in the reaction, the adsorption effect of amino or hydroxyl on the surface of the amino artificial zeolite on dihydrogen phosphate ions is utilized, the dihydrogen phosphate ions are deposited on the surface of the amino zeolite in the soaking process, then the high-temperature roasting is utilized to generate phosphorus pentoxide on the surface of the modified zeolite, the adsorption effect of the amino on the dihydrogen phosphate ions is stronger than that of the hydroxyl, the deposition effect of the dihydrogen phosphate ions on the surface of the amino artificial zeolite is stronger than that on the surface of the artificial zeolite, therefore, the amino artificial zeolite can improve the load of the phosphorus pentoxide and improve the dehydration capability of the dehydrating agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the dehydrating agent is used for replacing the dehydrating effect of phosphorus pentoxide, the dehydrating agent is artificial zeolite loaded phosphorus pentoxide, the joint water absorption effect of the artificial zeolite and the phosphorus pentoxide is utilized, the dehydrating effect on trifluoroacetic acid is achieved, the phosphorus pentoxide is loaded in the artificial zeolite and does not exist in a free form, after the dehydrating agent absorbs water, the dehydrating agent expands to form a colloid substance, the excessive phosphorus pentoxide is avoided, the generation of pyrophosphoric acid (the generation condition of pyrophosphoric acid is the reaction of the excessive phosphorus pentoxide and water) is avoided, only few free phosphoric acid is generated, the subsequent purification of trifluoroacetic anhydride only needs simple rectification, the purity of the trifluoroacetic anhydride is improved, and the conversion rate of heavy water is improved; secondly, the dehydrating agent can be dehydrated at high temperature and then recycled after absorbing water;
thirdly, the invention adopts heavy water to drop trifluoroacetic anhydride, compared with the traditional method of dropping trifluoroacetic anhydride into water, the invention can reduce the use amount of heavy water, and shorten the reaction time by controlling the dropping speed and the temperature;
finally, the invention uses argon bubbling as the stirring function of a large amount of reaction liquid, maintains the inert gas environment and improves the controllability of the reaction.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Preparation of the dehydrating agent:
firstly, 100g of artificial zeolite is ultrasonically dispersed in 1000mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, then 30g of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is added, heating and refluxing are carried out for 1.5h, then the temperature is reduced to room temperature, ultrafiltration is carried out, and drying is carried out, thus obtaining the amino artificial zeolite;
and secondly, soaking the amino artificial zeolite in ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 1 hour by adopting an isometric soaking method, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water, drying at 100 ℃, heating to 500 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, roasting for 4 hours, grinding and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve to obtain the dehydrating agent, wherein the mass concentration of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 25%.
Example 2
Preparation of the dehydrating agent:
firstly, dispersing 100g of artificial zeolite in 1500mL of absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic waves, then adding 50g of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, heating and refluxing for 2 hours, then cooling to room temperature, ultrafiltering and drying to obtain the amino artificial zeolite;
secondly, soaking the amino artificial zeolite in ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 1.5h by adopting an equal-volume soaking method, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water, drying at 120 ℃, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, roasting for 4h, grinding and sieving with a 300-mesh sieve to obtain a dehydrating agent, wherein the mass concentration of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 45 percent
Example 3
A preparation method of deuterated trifluoroacetic acid comprises the following steps:
step one, adding 400mL of toluene and 75g of the dehydrating agent prepared in the embodiment 1 into a dry reaction kettle, stirring for 20min at 600r/min, then dropwise adding 150g of trifluoroacetic acid under a stirring state at a dropping speed of 2 drops/second, heating for reflux reaction for 6h after complete dropwise addition, distilling at normal pressure, collecting front fraction at 40-50 ℃, and rectifying the obtained front fraction to obtain trifluoroacetic anhydride;
and step two, adding 0.1mol of trifluoroacetic anhydride into a dry reaction kettle, introducing argon, forming the condition of argon bubbling, then dropwise adding 0.105mol of heavy water at the temperature of 0 +/-3 ℃, wherein the dropwise adding speed is 2 drops/second, after completely dropwise adding, bubbling argon for 1 hour at the temperature of 0 ℃, and then rectifying to obtain the deuterated trifluoroacetic acid.
The conversion of heavy water was calculated to be 98.8%.
Example 4
A preparation method of deuterated trifluoroacetic acid comprises the following steps:
step one, adding 300mL of dimethylbenzene and 50g of dehydrating agent prepared in the embodiment 1 into a dry reaction kettle, stirring for 30min at 800r/min, then dropwise adding 150g of trifluoroacetic acid under a stirring state at a dropping speed of 4 drops/second, heating for reflux reaction for 12h after complete dropwise addition, then distilling at normal pressure, collecting front fraction at 40-50 ℃, and rectifying the obtained front fraction to obtain trifluoroacetic anhydride;
and step two, adding 0.1mol of trifluoroacetic anhydride into a dry reaction kettle, introducing argon, forming the condition of argon bubbling, then dropwise adding 0.105mol of heavy water at the temperature of 0 +/-3 ℃, wherein the dropwise adding speed is 3 drops/second, after completely dropwise adding, bubbling argon for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 5-6 ℃, and rectifying to obtain the deuterated trifluoroacetic acid.
The conversion of heavy water was calculated to be 99.1%.
Example 5
A preparation method of deuterated trifluoroacetic acid comprises the following steps:
step one, adding 300mL of chlorobenzene and 30g of the dehydrating agent prepared in the embodiment 1 into a dry reaction kettle, stirring for 30min at 600r/min, then dropwise adding 150g of trifluoroacetic acid under a stirring state at a dropping speed of 4 drops/second, heating for reflux reaction for 24h after complete dropwise addition, then distilling at normal pressure, collecting front fraction at 40-50 ℃, and rectifying the obtained front fraction to obtain trifluoroacetic anhydride;
and step two, adding 0.1mol of trifluoroacetic anhydride into a dry reaction kettle, introducing argon, forming the condition of argon bubbling, then dropwise adding 0.12mol of heavy water at the temperature of 0 +/-3 ℃, wherein the dropwise adding speed is 4 drops/second, after completely dropwise adding, bubbling argon for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 8-10 ℃, and then rectifying to obtain the deuterated trifluoroacetic acid.
The conversion of heavy water was calculated to be 98.5%.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of deuterated trifluoroacetic acid comprises the following steps:
in comparison with example 3, the dehydration in step one was entirely replaced by phosphorus pentoxide, the rest being the same.
The conversion to heavy water was calculated to be 90.7%.
As can be seen from the values of the conversion rates of heavy water in examples 3 to 5 and comparative example 1, examples 3 to 5 provide a method for preparing deuterated trifluoroacetic acid that is superior to the method employed in comparative example 1.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.