CN110551327B - Method for preparing conductive composite material by using pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a conductive composite material by pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose, which comprises the steps of taking nano-cellulose as a base material and compounding and molding the nano-cellulose and polypyrrole, firstly, chemically modifying pyrrole to prepare bromo-pyrrole, then, reacting with hydroxyl on the nano-cellulose under an alkaline condition to prepare the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose, and then, grafting the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose on acidic Fe3+Initiating polymerization in the solution to prepare the polypyrrole nano-cellulose conductive composite material. The polypyrrole and the nanocellulose are combined through chemical bonds in the conductive composite material prepared by the method, so that the conductive polymer is firmly attached to the surface of the nanocellulose, the composite material with stable conductivity is prepared, and the problem that the polypyrrole falls off easily in the application process of the conductive material to influence the conductivity of the conductive material can be effectively solved. The method is green and environment-friendly, has high safety, and can become a new technology for preparing the nano-cellulose conductive composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biomass functional polymer composite materials, in particular to a method for preparing a conductive composite material by using pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose.
Background
The nano-cellulose is a novel nano-material which is obtained from plant fibers by a certain physical or chemical method, has a large amount of hydroxyl on the surface, high strength and high specific surface area, and can form a three-dimensional network structure with certain mechanical property and certain flexibility through self-assembly by hydrogen bond acting force. Polypyrrole has the characteristics of high conductivity, good environmental stability, no toxicity, easy doping, special light, electricity, sound and the like, but the molding problem is always a bottleneck for restricting the further application of polypyrrole. The nano-cellulose is used as a matrix material to be compounded and formed with polypyrrole, so that the problem of difficulty in forming the conductive polymer can be solved. The existing method is mainly characterized in that polypyrrole is directly attached to the surface of nano-cellulose through an in-situ polymerization method to form a conductive composite material, and the polypyrrole and the nano-cellulose in the conductive composite material prepared by the method are only combined through physical actions such as hydrogen bonds, van der waals force and the like, so that the polypyrrole is easily dropped off in the application process of the conductive material to influence the conductivity of the conductive material. The method for preparing the conductive composite material by the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose comprises the steps of firstly carrying out chemical modification on pyrrole to prepare bromo-pyrrole, then reacting with hydroxyl on the nano-cellulose under an alkaline condition to prepare the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose, and then carrying out acidic Fe on the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose3+Initiating polymerization in the solution to prepare the polypyrrole nano-cellulose conductive composite material. The polypyrrole and the nanocellulose in the conductive composite material prepared by the method are combined through chemical bonds, so that conductive polymers are firmly attached to the surface of the nanocellulose, and the composite material with stable conductivity is prepared. The method is green and environment-friendly, has high safety, and can become a new technology for preparing the nano-cellulose conductive composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for preparing a conductive composite material by using pyrrole grafted nanocellulose, which can solve the problem of difficult formation of conductive polymer
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a conductive composite material by using pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, adding the fiber raw material into sulfuric acid solution, preparing nano-cellulose under certain temperature and ultrasonic conditions, and freeze-drying to obtain nano-cellulose powder;
step S2, dissolving bromoalkane and NaOH in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, then adding pyrrole, stirring at room temperature for 24h, and purifying by column chromatography to obtain bromopyrrole;
step S3, adding bromopyrrole and NaOH into the nano-cellulose powder in N, N-dimethylformamide solution according to a proportion, then reacting at room temperature for 20h, and performing centrifugal purification to obtain pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose;
step S4, dispersing the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose in deionized water to prepare a modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution with a certain mass fraction;
step S5, pyrrole and 0.1mol/L Fe3+Adding the aqueous solution into the modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution, reacting for 6h at room temperature, and allowing pyrrole in the solution and pyrrole on the surface of cellulose to be in Fe3+Forming a polypyrrole conductive network under catalytic oxidation, filtering the mixed solution to form a film, and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose conductive composite material.
Further, the fiber raw material includes, but is not limited to, human fiber pulp, recycled waste paper pulp, bamboo pulp, microcrystalline cellulose, straw pulp, cotton fiber, and agricultural and forestry waste fiber raw material.
Further, the mass ratio of the fiber raw material to the sulfuric acid solution is 1: 65, the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 50-75%, the ultrasonic treatment time is 3.5h, and the ultrasonic temperature is 65 ℃.
Further, in the step S2, the addition amount of NaOH is 50-80% of the brominated alkanes, and the mass ratio of the brominated alkanes to the pyrrole is 8:1-4: 3.
Further, the brominated alkanes include, but are not limited to, dibromomethane, 1, 5-dibromopentane, 1, 10-dibromodecane, 1, 4-dibromobutane, and 1, 12-dibromododecane.
Further, in the step S3, the addition amount of NaOH is 50 to 80% of the pyrrole bromide, and the mass ratio of the pyrrole bromide to the nanocellulose is 5: 2-4: 3.
further, the solubility of the pyrrole grafted nanocellulose in the step S4 is 5 to 10%, and the solubility of pyrrole is 0.5 to 1.5%.
Further, the 0.1mol/L Fe3+The addition amount of the aqueous solution is 10-15% of the total volume of the modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the polypyrrole and the nanocellulose are combined through chemical bonds in the prepared conductive composite material, so that the conductive polymer is firmly attached to the surface of the nanocellulose, the composite material with stable conductivity is prepared, and the problem that the polypyrrole falls off easily in the application process of the conductive material to influence the conductivity of the conductive material can be effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation technique of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
The invention provides a method for preparing a conductive composite material by pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, adding the fiber raw material into sulfuric acid solution, preparing nano-cellulose under certain temperature and ultrasonic conditions, and freeze-drying to obtain nano-cellulose powder;
step S2, dissolving bromoalkane and NaOH in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, then adding pyrrole, stirring at room temperature for 24h, and purifying by column chromatography to obtain bromopyrrole;
step S3, adding bromopyrrole and NaOH into the nano-cellulose powder in N, N-dimethylformamide solution according to a proportion, then reacting at room temperature for 20h, and performing centrifugal purification to obtain pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose;
step S4, dispersing the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose in deionized water to prepare a modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution with a certain mass fraction;
step S5, pyrrole and 0.1mol/L Fe3+Adding the aqueous solution into the modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution, reacting for 6h at room temperature, and allowing pyrrole in the solution and pyrrole on the surface of cellulose to be in Fe3+Forming a polypyrrole conductive network under catalytic oxidation, filtering the mixed solution to form a film, and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose conductive composite material.
In an embodiment of the present invention, further, the fiber raw material includes, but is not limited to, human fiber pulp, recycled waste paper pulp, bamboo pulp, microcrystalline cellulose, straw pulp, cotton fiber, and agricultural and forestry waste fiber raw material.
In an embodiment of the present invention, further, the mass ratio of the fiber raw material to the sulfuric acid solution is 1: 65, the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 50-75%, the ultrasonic treatment time is 3.5h, and the ultrasonic temperature is 65 ℃.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the step S2, the addition amount of NaOH is 50 to 80% of the brominated alkanes, and the mass ratio of the brominated alkanes to the pyrrole is 8:1 to 4: 3.
In one embodiment of the present invention, further, the alkyl bromides include, but are not limited to, methyl bromide, 1, 5-dibromopentane, 1, 10-dibromodecane 1, 4-dibromobutane, and 1, 12-dibromododecane.
In an embodiment of the present invention, further, in step S3, the addition amount of NaOH is 50 to 80% of the pyrrole bromide, and the mass ratio of the pyrrole bromide to the nanocellulose is 5: 2-4: 3.
in an embodiment of the present invention, further, the solubility of the pyrrole grafted nanocellulose in the step S4 is 5 to 10%, and the pyrrole solubility is 0.5 to 1.5%.
In an embodiment of the present invention, further, the 0.1mol/L Fe3+Aqueous solution additiveThe adding amount is 10-15% of the total volume of the modified nano cellulose aqueous solution.
Example 1:
(1) according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: 65, adding the bamboo pulp fiber raw material into 70% sulfuric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment at 65 ℃ for 3 hours to prepare nano cellulose, and performing freeze drying to obtain nano cellulose powder.
(2) 10g of 1, 5-dibromopentane and 5g of NaOH are dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, 5g of pyrrole is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 24 hours and then is purified by column chromatography to obtain the bromo-pyrrole.
(3) And (3) taking 0.5g of nano cellulose powder in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, adding 1g of bromo-pyrrole synthesized in the step (2), simultaneously adding 0.5g of NaOH, reacting at room temperature for 20h, and performing centrifugal purification to obtain the pyrrole grafted nano cellulose.
(4) Dispersing a proper amount of the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose synthesized in the step (3) in deionized water to prepare a modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%, and then adding a certain amount of 0.5g of pyrrole and 20ml of 0.1mol/L Fe3+Reacting the aqueous solution at room temperature for 6h, and allowing pyrrole in the solution and pyrrole on the surface of cellulose to be in Fe3+Forming a polypyrrole conductive network under catalytic oxidation, filtering the mixed solution to form a film, and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose conductive composite material.
Example 2
(1) According to the material-liquid ratio of 1: 70, adding the recycled old paper fiber raw material into 67% sulfuric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment at 60 ℃ for 2.5 hours to prepare nano cellulose, and performing freeze drying to obtain nano cellulose powder.
(2) 15g of 1, 10-dibromodecane and 7g of NaOH are dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, then 8g of pyrrole is added, the reaction is stirred at room temperature for 24 hours, and column chromatography purification is carried out to obtain the bromo-pyrrole.
(3) And (3) taking 0.7g of nano cellulose powder in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, adding 2g of bromo-pyrrole synthesized in the step (2), simultaneously adding 1.0g of NaOH, reacting at room temperature for 20h, and performing centrifugal purification to obtain the pyrrole grafted nano cellulose.
(4) Dispersing a proper amount of the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose synthesized in the step (3) in deionized water to prepare a modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 6%, and then adding a certain amount of 0.6g of pyrrole and 25ml of 0.1mol/L Fe3+Reacting the aqueous solution at room temperature for 6h, and allowing pyrrole in the solution and pyrrole on the surface of cellulose to be in Fe3+Forming a polypyrrole conductive network under catalytic oxidation, filtering the mixed solution to form a film, and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose conductive composite material.
Example 3
(1) According to the material-liquid ratio of 1: 80, adding microcrystalline cellulose raw material into 66% sulfuric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 3h at 63 ℃ to prepare nano cellulose, and performing freeze drying to obtain nano cellulose powder.
(2) 15g of 1, 12-dibromododecane and 8g of NaOH are dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, 10g of pyrrole is added, the reaction is stirred at room temperature for 24 hours, and column chromatography purification is carried out to obtain the bromo-pyrrole.
(3) And (3) taking 1.0g of nano cellulose powder in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, adding 2.5g of bromo-pyrrole synthesized in the step (2), simultaneously adding 1.5g of NaOH, reacting at room temperature for 24h, and performing centrifugal purification to obtain the pyrrole grafted nano cellulose.
(4) Dispersing a proper amount of the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose synthesized in the step (3) in deionized water to prepare a modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 8%, and then adding a certain amount of 0.8g of pyrrole and 25ml of 0.1mol/L Fe3+Reacting the aqueous solution at room temperature for 6h, and allowing pyrrole in the solution and pyrrole on the surface of cellulose to be in Fe3+Forming a polypyrrole conductive network under catalytic oxidation, filtering the mixed solution to form a film, and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose conductive composite material.
Example 4
(1) According to the material-liquid ratio of 1: 90, adding the straw pulp raw material into 65% sulfuric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours at 68 ℃ to prepare nano cellulose, and performing freeze drying to obtain nano cellulose powder.
(2) 10g of 1, 4-dibromobutane and 4g of NaOH are dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, 20g of pyrrole is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 24 hours and then is purified by column chromatography to obtain the pyrrole bromide.
(3) And (3) adding 1.0g of nano cellulose powder into N, N-dimethylformamide solution, adding 3g of bromo-pyrrole synthesized in the step (2), simultaneously adding 1.5g of NaOH, reacting at room temperature for 24h, and performing centrifugal purification to obtain the pyrrole grafted nano cellulose.
(4) Dispersing a proper amount of the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose synthesized in the step (3) in deionized water to prepare a modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10%, and then adding a certain amount of 1.0g of pyrrole and 30ml of 0.1mol/L Fe3+Reacting the aqueous solution at room temperature for 6h, and allowing pyrrole in the solution and pyrrole on the surface of cellulose to be in Fe3+Forming a polypyrrole conductive network under catalytic oxidation, filtering the mixed solution to form a film, and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose conductive composite material.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing a conductive composite material by using pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, adding the fiber raw material into sulfuric acid solution, preparing nano-cellulose under certain temperature and ultrasonic conditions, and freeze-drying to obtain nano-cellulose powder;
step S2, dissolving bromoalkane and NaOH in N, N-dimethylformamide solution, then adding pyrrole, stirring at room temperature for 24h, and purifying by column chromatography to obtain bromopyrrole;
in the step S2, the addition amount of NaOH is 50-80% of the brominated alkane, and the mass ratio of the brominated alkane to the pyrrole is 8:1-4:3
Step S3, adding bromopyrrole and NaOH into the nano-cellulose powder in N, N-dimethylformamide solution according to a proportion, then reacting at room temperature for 20h, and performing centrifugal purification to obtain pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose; step S4, dispersing the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose in deionized water to prepare a modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution with a certain mass fraction;
step S5, pyrrole and 0.1mol/L Fe3+Adding the aqueous solution into the modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution, reacting for 6h at room temperature, and allowing pyrrole in the solution and pyrrole on the surface of cellulose to be in Fe3+Forming a polypyrrole conductive network under catalytic oxidation, filtering the mixed solution to form a film, and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose conductive composite material;
the mass ratio of the fiber raw material to the sulfuric acid solution is 1: 65, the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 50-75%, the ultrasonic treatment time is 3.5h, and the ultrasonic temperature is 65 ℃.
2. The method for preparing the conductive composite material by the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fiber raw materials include, but are not limited to, human fiber pulp, recycled waste paper pulp, bamboo pulp, microcrystalline cellulose, straw pulp, cotton fiber and agricultural and forestry waste fiber raw materials.
3. The method for preparing the conductive composite material by the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: such brominated alkanes include, but are not limited to, dibromomethane, 1, 5-dibromopentane, 1, 10-dibromodecane 1, 4-dibromobutane, and 1, 12-dibromododecane.
4. The method for preparing the conductive composite material by the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the addition amount of NaOH is 50-80% of the pyrrole bromide, and the mass ratio of the pyrrole bromide to the nanocellulose is 5: 2-4: 3.
5. the method for preparing the conductive composite material by the pyrrole grafted nano-cellulose according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solubility of the pyrrole grafted nanocellulose in the step S4 is 5-10%, and the solubility of pyrrole is 0.5-1.5%.
6. The pyrrole grafted sodium according to claim 1The method for preparing the conductive composite material by the rice cellulose is characterized by comprising the following steps: the 0.1mol/L Fe3+The addition amount of the aqueous solution is 10-15% of the total volume of the modified nano-cellulose aqueous solution.
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