CN114349461A - Low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud, preparation method thereof and medium-voltage fireproof cable - Google Patents
Low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud, preparation method thereof and medium-voltage fireproof cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fire-resistant cable technology, and particularly discloses low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud, a preparation method thereof and a medium-voltage fire-resistant cable. The low-thermal-conductivity fireproof mud is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of magnesium hydroxide powder, 25-40 parts of sodium silicate binder, 20-50 parts of inorganic porous powder material and 0-8 parts of deionized water; the inorganic porous powder material is one or a mixture of more of silicon dioxide aerogel, perlite, pumice, vermiculite, floating beads, zeolite, diatomite and asbestos, and the powder particle size of the inorganic porous powder material is 0.5-25 mu m. The fireproof mud has good fireproof effect, can reliably block heat conduction, and has light weight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fire-resistant cable technology, and particularly discloses low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud, a preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud, and a medium-voltage fire-resistant cable containing the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy in China, important engineering facilities such as subways, tunnels, power plants, nuclear power stations and the like and places with dense personnel such as large supermarkets, convention and exhibition centers and the like are more and more, and the laws and standard specifications of electric fire safety are more and more complete. In a fire-fighting loop of many super-high-rise and extra-high-rise buildings, a low-voltage cable cannot meet the requirement of cable voltage drop, and a 3.6/6 kV-26/35 kV medium-voltage cross-linked cable is used as a power supply main line. The transformer arranged on the floor or the roof of the building is used for secondary voltage transformation, so that the power supply requirement of the whole system is met.
In order to guarantee the safety of power supply, the super high-rise building also puts forward higher technical requirements on the safety of the cable under the condition of fire, and the national mandatory standard GB 51348-: when a total substation or a branch substation is arranged in a building, a fire-resistant cable is adopted for a cable from the total substation to the branch substation, wherein the cable is 35kV, 20kV or 10 kV. Thus, the market potential for medium voltage fire resistant cables is great.
Currently, medium-voltage fire-resistant cables do not have corresponding national standards as production bases, and most of medium-voltage fire-resistant cable production enterprises are designed and produced according to technical specifications of TICW 8-2012 insulating fire-resistant power cables with rated voltage of 6-35 kV extruded and compiled by Shanghai cable research institute. The specification puts technical requirements on safety performance in case of fire, and requires that the cable can still maintain normal power supply for a period of time in case of flame, so as to facilitate escape and rescue. The technical requirements of the fire resistance detection are as follows: the flame temperature of the cable is not lower than 750 ℃ under the rated working voltage, and the fuse is not broken within 90min of the fire supply time.
Regarding the solution design of the fire-resistant element of the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable, a fire-resistant layer made of ceramic rubber and plastic materials or fire-resistant mud materials is generally extruded outside an insulated cable core, and the cable core under the condition of fire is protected by the extruded fire-resistant layer. Although the two materials of the forming fire-resistant layer have good fire-resistant effect, the heat insulation effect is general, that is, the fire-resistant effect of the two materials is good, but the heat transfer prevention effect is general, so that the external heat is easily and quickly conducted to the inside of the cable core, the heat is gathered in the cable core to cause the cable core structure to be quickly deformed and damaged, and the technical requirement of the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is difficult to meet.
In order to enable the produced medium-voltage fire-resistant cable to meet the technical requirements, a medium-voltage fire-resistant cable production enterprise generally increases the extrusion thickness of a fire-resistant layer, or arranges a multi-layer fire-resistant layer in a multi-layer extrusion structure.
The technical disadvantages brought by the method are that:
the formed medium-voltage fire-resistant cable has an excessively large outer diameter, a bulky structure and a heavy weight, and is inconvenient for subsequent transportation, laying and other operations;
the fire-resistant layer is too thick in extrusion, the structure is unstable, the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is easy to deform and damage in the using process, and the service life of the whole medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is short;
increase the manufacturing costs of the formed medium voltage fire resistant cable.
In conclusion, the essence of things returns to the original point that the fire-resistant layer extruded by the ceramic rubber plastic material or the fire-proof mud material only plays a fire-resistant role, and the heat insulation function is insufficient, and tests show that the heat conductivity coefficients of the ceramic rubber plastic material and the existing fire-proof mud material are respectively 0.6W/m.K. Therefore, if a medium-voltage fire-resistant cable with a good overall fire-resistant effect is to be molded at low cost and in a compact structure, the best technical measure is to improve the fire-resistant performance and the heat-insulating performance of the material for molding the fire-resistant layer, i.e. the molding material for the fire-resistant layer should not only have a good fire-resistant effect, but also reliably block the conduction of external heat to the inside of the cable core (low thermal conductivity).
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the particularity of the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable and the defects of the prior art, the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud which has a good fire-resistant effect and can reliably block heat conduction, the preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud and the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable containing the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud are provided.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and the low-thermal-conductivity fireproof mud is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the inorganic porous powder material is one or a mixture of more of silicon dioxide aerogel, perlite, pumice, vermiculite, floating beads, zeolite, diatomite and asbestos, and the powder particle size of the inorganic porous powder material is 0.5-25 mu m.
Preferably, the purity of the magnesium hydroxide powder is not less than 95%, and the particle size of the magnesium hydroxide powder is 0.5-5 μm.
In a preferable embodiment, the sodium silicate binder contains sodium oxide with a mass fraction of 10% or more and silica with a mass fraction of 26% or more.
The technical measure of the formula is that an inorganic porous powder material with low heat conductivity coefficient and high melting point (above 1000 ℃) is used as one of the main molding materials of the fire-proof mud, the heat conductivity coefficient of the inorganic porous powder material (wherein, the heat conductivity coefficient of silicon dioxide aerogel powder is about 0.015W/mK, the heat conductivity coefficient of perlite powder is about 0.028W/mK, the heat conductivity coefficient of pumice powder is about 0.03W/mK, the heat conductivity coefficient of vermiculite powder is about 0.047W/mK, the heat conductivity coefficient of floating bead powder is about 0.08W/mK, the heat conductivity coefficient of zeolite powder is about 0.105W/mK, the heat conductivity coefficient of diatomite powder is about 0.13W/mK, and the heat conductivity coefficient of asbestos powder is about 0.2W/mK) is far lower than that of the conventional fire-proof mud material. The fire-proof mud is mutually cooperated and compatible with other components, the prepared fire-proof mud effectively meets the coating technical requirements of cables, particularly medium-voltage fire-proof cables, and has low heat conductivity coefficient, good fire-proof function and reliable heat conduction resistance; in addition, the fireproof mud also has the characteristics of low density and light weight. When the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is applied to the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable, the fire-resistant effect is good, external heat can be reliably prevented from being conducted to the inside of the insulating cable core, and normal power supply of the cable core for as long as possible can be ensured, so that the fire resistance of the whole medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is reliably improved, the technical requirements of the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable are met, excessive-thickness extrusion or multi-layer extrusion molding is not needed outside the cable core, the molded medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is low in cost, compact and stable in structure and light in weight, subsequent transportation, laying and other operations are facilitated, and long-term service is also achieved.
When the formula of the low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud contains deionized water, the preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud comprises the following process steps:
mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 600-800 r/min, and the stirring time is 5-15 min;
step 2, putting an ultrasonic rod into the mixer;
carrying out ultrasonic mixing at an ultrasonic frequency of 1500-2500 HZ for 5-15 min;
obtaining a mixture A;
step 4, putting the magnesium hydroxide and the sodium silicate adhesive with the formula amount into a mixer filled with the mixture A;
mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 800-950 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30 min;
and 5, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual pressure.
As one of the preferable schemes, the inorganic porous powder material is a mixture of at least two raw materials, and the raw materials are mixed together to form the inorganic porous powder material according to the following process measures:
a, putting raw materials of at least two inorganic porous powder materials into a mixer;
and b, mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 800-850 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30 min.
When the formula of the low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud does not contain deionized water, the preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud comprises the following process steps:
step I, putting the inorganic porous powder material and part of the sodium silicate adhesive in a formula amount into a mixer;
mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 600-800 r/min, and the stirring time is 5-15 min;
step II, putting an ultrasonic bar into the mixer;
carrying out ultrasonic mixing at an ultrasonic frequency of 1500-2500 HZ for 5-15 min;
step III, repeating the mixing process measures of the step I and the step II;
obtaining a mixture A;
step IV, putting the magnesium hydroxide and the other part of the sodium silicate adhesive in the formula amount into a mixer filled with the mixture A;
mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 800-950 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30 min;
and step V, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual pressure.
As one of the preferable schemes, the inorganic porous powder material is a mixture of at least two raw materials, and the raw materials are mixed together to form the inorganic porous powder material according to the following process measures:
a, putting raw materials of at least two inorganic porous powder materials into a mixer;
and b, mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 800-850 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30 min.
The technical measure of the preparation method is that the inorganic porous powder material and the deionized water/part of the sodium silicate adhesive are mixed by a composite process combining mechanical stirring and ultrasonic, and the inorganic porous powder material, especially the inorganic porous powder material prepared by multiple raw materials, is moistened and fully mixed, so that the inorganic porous powder material is reliably ensured to be uniformly dispersed and the physical and chemical properties of the inorganic porous powder material are uniformly balanced; the wet inorganic porous powder material can be quickly and fully compounded with the magnesium hydroxide and the other part of the sodium silicate binder, and when the wet inorganic porous powder material is mixed with the magnesium hydroxide and the other part of the sodium silicate binder, the powders are reliably and uniformly dispersed through further full mechanical stirring to form a soft mud shape. Thereby obtaining compact, fine and flexible fire-proof mud and greatly reducing the heat conductivity coefficient of the fire-proof mud.
The utility model provides a medium voltage fire resisting cable who contains above-mentioned low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud, includes insulation system's cable core, the outside from interior to exterior in proper order the cladding of cable core has band layer, separates oxygen layer, low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer, fine band layer of glass and restrictive coating.
According to the technical measure of the cable structure, the coating structure of the oxygen isolation layer and the low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud layer is formed outside the cable core, the cable can be reliably flame-retardant and fireproof, the combustion of the cable core is delayed, the conduction of external heat to the cable core can be reliably blocked, and the normal power supply of the cable core can be ensured as long as possible, so that the fire resistance of the whole medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is reliably improved, the technical requirements of the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable are met, the forming structure of the whole medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is compact and simple, the weight is light, the fire-retardant and heat-insulating structure is stable, the cost is low, the cable is beneficial to subsequent transportation, laying and other operations, and is also beneficial to long-term service.
As one of the preferable schemes, a plurality of convex ridges protruding outwards from the outer wall are arranged on the circumference of the oxygen isolation layer, the protruding height of each convex ridge is smaller than the coating thickness of the low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud layer, and each convex ridge on the outer wall of the oxygen isolation layer is embedded into the low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud layer respectively. The technical measure can ensure that the low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud layer is stably attached to the outer wall of the oxygen isolation layer, the low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient fireproof mud layer is combined with the oxygen isolation layer to further reliably isolate external heat from being conducted to the inside of the cable core, and the heat received by the cable core is reliably reduced under the condition of fire.
As one preferable scheme, the cable core is formed by twisting a plurality of insulated wire cores, and fillers are filled in twisting gaps of the insulated wire cores;
each insulated wire core consists of a conductor, and a semi-conductive conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer, a semi-conductive insulated shielding layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially coated outside the conductor from inside to outside.
Furthermore, a semi-conductive buffer belt layer is arranged between the semi-conductive insulating shielding layer of the insulating wire core and the metal shielding layer, and the thickness of the semi-conductive buffer belt layer is 0.2-0.8 mm. On one hand, the technical measures can not lead the structure of the insulated wire core to be obviously overstaffed and can not generate apparent defects such as wrinkles and the like; on the other hand, the self foaming structure of the semi-conductive buffer zone effectively relieves the deformation of the insulated wire core between the thermal expansion and the metal shielding layer under the fire condition, thereby reducing the damage of the insulated structure of the insulated wire core by the metal shielding layer and improving the fire resistance of the insulated wire core.
Furthermore, a plurality of insulating wire cores of the cable core are twisted together at a pitch ratio of 10-60 times. The technical measure is beneficial to the softness and light weight of the cable core.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: according to the technical measures, the inorganic porous powder material with low heat conductivity coefficient and high melting point is used as one of the main molding materials of the fireproof mud, and is cooperated and compatible with other components, so that the prepared fireproof mud effectively meets the coating technical requirements of cables, particularly medium-voltage fireproof cables, and has low heat conductivity coefficient, good fireproof effect and reliable heat conduction resistance. In addition, the density of each raw material for preparing the fire-proof mud is small, and the prepared fire-proof mud has the characteristic of light weight.
The medium-voltage fire-resistant cable adopting the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud has a good fire-resistant effect, can reliably prevent external heat from being conducted to the inside of the insulating cable core, and ensures that the cable core can normally supply power for as long as possible, so that the fire resistance of the whole medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is reliably improved, the technical requirements of the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable are met, excessive-thickness extrusion or multi-layer extrusion molding is not needed outside the cable core, the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is low in molding cost, compact and stable in structure and light in weight, and is beneficial to subsequent transportation, laying and other operations, and can be in long-term service. In addition, each structural layer of the molded medium-voltage fire-resistant cable can effectively meet the current environmental protection technical requirements, and is favorable for wide popularization and application in important places with intensive personnel, such as airports, hospitals, schools, subways, power stations, large-scale venues and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the medium voltage fire resistant cable of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures mean: 1-a conductor; 2-a semiconducting conductor shield layer; 3-an insulating layer; 4-semiconductive insulating shield layer; 5-semi-conductive buffer band layer; 6-metal shielding layer; 7-a filler; 8-a belting layer; 9-oxygen barrier layer; 10-fireproof mud layer with low heat conductivity coefficient; 11-a layer of fiberglass tape; 12-a sheath layer; 13-the ridge.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a fire-resistant cable technology, and particularly discloses a low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud, a preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud, and a medium-voltage fire-resistant cable containing the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud.
It is expressly noted here that the drawings of the present invention are schematic and have been simplified in unnecessary detail for the purpose of clarity and to avoid obscuring the technical solutions that the present invention contributes to the prior art.
Examples 1 to 5
The low-thermal conductivity fireproof mud is prepared from the raw materials in the weight ratio listed in Table 1.
TABLE 1 weight ratios of raw materials of examples 1 to 5 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 2
In embodiments 1 to 5 of the present invention, the selected raw materials should satisfy the following technical conditions:
the particle size D50 range of the magnesium hydroxide powder is 0.5-5 mu m, and the purity is more than 97%;
na of sodium silicate binder2O mass fraction is more than or equal to 12.8 percent, and SiO2The mass fraction is more than or equal to 29.2 percent;
the particle size D50 of the silicon dioxide aerogel powder is in the range of 0.5-25μm，SiO2·H2The mass fraction of O is more than or equal to 95 percent;
the perlite powder has a particle size D50 of 0.5-25 μm and SiO2Mass fraction is more than or equal to 78 percent and Al2O3The mass fraction is more than or equal to 12.59 percent;
the particle size D50 of the pumice powder is 0.5-25 μm, the CaO mass fraction is more than or equal to 53.84%, the MgO mass fraction is more than or equal to 0.18%, and the ignition loss is more than 40%;
the particle size D50 of the vermiculite powder is 0.5-25 mu m, and SiO2Mass fraction is more than or equal to 40 percent and Al2O3The mass fraction is more than or equal to 14 percent, and the mass fraction of MgO is more than or equal to 15 percent;
the particle size D50 of the floating bead powder is 0.5-25 μm, SiO2Mass fraction is more than or equal to 56 percent and Al2O3The mass fraction is more than or equal to 33 percent;
the zeolite powder has a particle diameter D50 of 0.5-25 μm and SiO2Mass fraction is more than or equal to 60 percent, and Al2O3The mass fraction is more than or equal to 10 percent;
the diatomite powder has a particle size D50 of 0.5-25 μm and SiO2·nH2The mass fraction of O is more than or equal to 90 percent;
the asbestos powder has a particle size D50 of 0.5-25 μm, 3 MgO.2SiO2·2H2The mass fraction of O is more than or equal to 90 percent;
the purity of the deionized water was 99%.
The preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity fire-proof mud with the formula shown in the embodiment 1 comprises the following process steps:
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 850r/min, and the total stirring time is about 20 min;
obtaining a multi-raw material mixed inorganic porous powder material;
step 2, adding deionized water with the formula amount into a mixer filled with inorganic porous powder materials;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 700r/min, and the total stirring time is about 5 min;
carrying out ultrasonic mixing at an ultrasonic frequency of about 2000HZ and an ultrasonic vibration time of about 10 min;
step 4, repeating the mixed process measures of the step 2 and the step 3;
obtaining a mixture A;
step 5, putting the magnesium hydroxide powder and the sodium silicate adhesive in the formula amount into a mixer filled with the mixture A under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 900r/min, and the total stirring time is about 25 min;
and 6, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual force pressing;
the product meets the technical requirements and is qualified.
The preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity fire-proof mud with the formula shown in the embodiment 2 comprises the following process steps:
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 820r/min, and the total stirring time is about 15 min;
obtaining a multi-raw material mixed inorganic porous powder material;
step 2, adding deionized water with the formula amount into a mixer filled with inorganic porous powder materials;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 800r/min, and the total stirring time is about 10 min;
carrying out ultrasonic mixing at an ultrasonic frequency of about 2200Hz and an ultrasonic vibration time of about 12 min;
step 4, repeating the mixed process measures of the step 2 and the step 3;
obtaining a mixture A;
step 5, putting the magnesium hydroxide powder and the sodium silicate adhesive in the formula amount into a mixer filled with the mixture A under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 800r/min, and the total stirring time is about 30 min;
and 6, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual force pressing;
the product meets the technical requirements and is qualified.
The preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity fire-proof mud with the formula shown in the embodiment 3 comprises the following process steps:
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 810r/min, and the total stirring time is about 25 min;
obtaining a multi-raw material mixed inorganic porous powder material;
step 2, adding deionized water with the formula amount into a mixer filled with inorganic porous powder materials;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 750r/min, and the total stirring time is about 12 min;
carrying out ultrasonic mixing at an ultrasonic frequency of about 1600Hz and an ultrasonic vibration time of about 15 min;
step 4, repeating the mixed process measures of the step 2 and the step 3;
obtaining a mixture A;
step 5, putting the magnesium hydroxide powder and the sodium silicate adhesive in the formula amount into a mixer filled with the mixture A under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 950r/min, and the total stirring time is about 10 min;
and 6, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual force pressing;
the product meets the technical requirements and is qualified.
The preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity fire-proof mud with the formula shown in the embodiment 4 comprises the following process steps:
mixing by alternately stirring in forward direction and in reverse direction, wherein the stirring speed is about 830r/min, and the total stirring time is about 30 min;
obtaining a multi-raw material mixed inorganic porous powder material;
step 2, adding a sodium silicate adhesive with half of the formula amount into a mixer filled with the inorganic porous powder material;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 600r/min, and the total stirring time is about 15 min;
carrying out ultrasonic mixing at an ultrasonic frequency of about 2500HZ and an ultrasonic vibration time of about 5 min;
step 4, repeating the mixed process measures of the step 2 and the step 3;
obtaining a mixture A;
step 5, putting the magnesium hydroxide powder and the residual sodium silicate adhesive in the formula amount into a mixer filled with the mixture A under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 850r/min, and the total stirring time is about 30 min;
and 6, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual force pressing;
the product meets the technical requirements and is qualified.
The preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity fire-proof mud with the formula shown in the embodiment 5 comprises the following process steps:
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 850r/min, and the total stirring time is about 10 min;
obtaining a multi-raw material mixed inorganic porous powder material;
step 2, adding a sodium silicate adhesive with half of the formula amount into a mixer filled with the inorganic porous powder material;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 650r/min, and the total stirring time is about 8 min;
carrying out ultrasonic mixing at an ultrasonic frequency of about 2300HZ and an ultrasonic vibration time of about 8 min;
step 4, repeating the mixed process measures of the step 2 and the step 3;
obtaining a mixture A;
step 5, putting the magnesium hydroxide powder and the residual sodium silicate adhesive in the formula amount into a mixer filled with the mixture A under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure;
mixing in a mode of alternating forward stirring and reverse stirring, wherein the stirring speed is about 900r/min, and the total stirring time is about 15 min;
and 6, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual force pressing;
the product meets the technical requirements and is qualified.
The fire-proof mud of the formula listed in comparative example 1 is prepared by the following process steps:
s1, adding magnesium hydroxide powder and a sodium silicate adhesive into a mixer to mix at normal temperature and normal pressure, wherein the stirring speed is about 800r/min, forward stirring and reverse stirring are alternately changed, and the total stirring is about 15 min;
s2, placing an ultrasonic bar into a mixer, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 2500HZ, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 15 min;
s3, repeating the mixing process measures of the steps S1 and S2;
s4, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual force pressing;
the product meets the technical requirements and is qualified.
The fire protection mud of the formula given in comparative example 2 is prepared by a method comprising the following process steps:
s1, adding magnesium hydroxide powder, a sodium silicate adhesive and deionized water into a mixer to mix at normal temperature and normal pressure, wherein the stirring speed is about 800r/min, forward stirring and reverse stirring are alternately changed, and the total stirring is about 15 min;
s2, placing an ultrasonic bar into a mixer, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 2500HZ, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 15 min;
s3, repeating the mixing process measures of the steps S1 and S2;
s4, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual force pressing;
the product meets the technical requirements and is qualified.
The heat conductivity of the fireproof mud prepared in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2 was tested according to the water flow flat plate method specified in YBT4130-2005 "test method for Heat conductivity of refractory Material".
The thermal conductivity of the samples was measured once at 25 ℃ room temperature, once immediately after baking in an oven at 750 ℃ for 1 minute, and once immediately after baking in an oven at 750 ℃ for 90 minutes, respectively, and the obtained test results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 Heat conductivity coefficient Performance test results of the fire clay prepared in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2
As is clear from the data shown in Table 2, the fireproof mud disclosed by the invention has excellent fireproof and heat insulation effects, does not crack or peel after being burnt by flame at 750 ℃ for 90min, and has a low heat conductivity coefficient, so that an insulated wire core in a cable can be well protected from being scalded by high temperature.
It can be clearly seen by combining the formula in table 1 that the lower the thermal conductivity coefficient of the inorganic porous powder material added in the raw material, the larger the addition amount, the lower the thermal conductivity coefficient of the fireproof mud material. In addition, as the temperature rises and the baking time is prolonged, the thermal conductivity of the fireproof mud is further reduced, because the magnesium hydroxide, the inorganic porous powder material and the sodium silicate binder lose water at high temperature, the porosity of the material is increased, and the thermal conductivity of the material is reduced.
Example 6
Referring to fig. 1, the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable containing the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud comprises a cable core with an insulation structure, and a belting layer 8, an oxygen barrier layer 9, a low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud layer 10, a glass fiber belt layer 11 and a sheath layer 12 which are sequentially coated outside the cable core from inside to outside.
Specifically, the cable core is formed by twisting three insulated wire cores with a pitch-diameter ratio of about 35 times, the twisting gaps of the three insulated wire cores are filled with fillers 7, and the filled cable core is in a nearly full-circle shape. Each insulated wire core consists of a conductor 1, and a semi-conductive conductor shielding layer 2, an insulating layer 3, a semi-conductive insulated shielding layer 4, a semi-conductive buffer belt layer 5 and a metal shielding layer 6 which are sequentially coated outside the conductor 1 from inside to outside.
The conductor 1 is a twisted structure of a tinned copper wire.
The insulating layer 3 is an extruded structure of cross-linked polyethylene.
Semiconductive buffer belt 5 is the inside package structure that winds of semiconductive buffer belt material that is the foam structure, and it is about 20% to wind the coincidence rate, and the thickness of the semiconductive buffer belt 5 that forms around the package is about 0.8 mm.
The metal shielding layer 6 is a copper wire wrapping structure.
The filler 7 is a PP material.
The wrapping layer 8 is a wrapping structure of a non-woven fabric belt, and the wrapping coincidence rate is about 20%.
The oxygen isolating layer 9 is an extruded structure of polyethylene (containing cross-linked polyethylene). A plurality of convex ridges 13 protruding outwards from the outer wall are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the oxygen isolation layer 9, each convex ridge 13 is of a structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, and the protruding height of each convex ridge 13 is smaller than the coating thickness of the low-thermal-conductivity fireproof mud layer 10.
The low thermal conductivity fireproof mortar layer 10 is an extruded structure of the materials prepared in the above embodiments 6 to 10. The low thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer 10 is crowded package in the periphery that separates oxygen layer 9 for each convex ridge 13 that separates the outer wall of oxygen layer 9 imbeds low thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer 10 respectively, ensures that low thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer 10 is in separating the stable attached of oxygen layer 9 outer wall.
The glass fiber tape layer 11 is a lapping structure of a glass fiber tape, and the lapping coincidence rate is about 20%. The glass fiber belt layer 11 forms bundling and shaping for the low-heat-conductivity fireproof mud layer 10 and has a flame-retardant effect.
The sheath layer 12 is an extruded structure of polyethylene (including cross-linked polyethylene).
Example 7
The medium-voltage fire-resistant cable containing the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud comprises a cable core with an insulation structure, and a belting layer, an oxygen barrier layer, a low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud layer, a glass fiber belting layer and a sheath layer which are sequentially coated outside the cable core from inside to outside.
Specifically, the cable core is formed by twisting three insulated wire cores with a pitch-diameter ratio of about 50 times, fillers are filled in twisting gaps of the three insulated wire cores, and the filled cable core is nearly in a full circle shape. Each insulated wire core consists of a conductor, and a semi-conductive conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer, a semi-conductive insulated shielding layer, a semi-conductive buffer belt layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially coated outside the conductor from inside to outside.
The conductor is a stranded structure of copper wires.
The insulating layer is an extruded structure of ethylene propylene rubber.
The semi-conductive buffer band layer is the inside wrapping structure that is the semi-conductive buffer band material of foaming structure, and the coincidence rate of wrapping is about 20%, and the thickness of the semi-conductive buffer band layer that forms of wrapping is about 0.5 mm.
The metal shielding layer is of a copper strip wrapping structure.
The filler is a mixed material of PP and asbestos.
The belting layer is the lapping structure of polypropylene area, and the lapping coincidence rate is about 20%.
The oxygen isolation layer is of a polyvinyl chloride extrusion structure. A plurality of convex ridges protruding outwards from the outer wall are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the oxygen isolation layer, each convex ridge is of a structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom in cross section, and the protruding height of each convex ridge is smaller than the coating thickness of the fireproof mud layer with a low heat conductivity coefficient.
The low thermal conductivity fireproof mud layer is an extruded structure of the materials prepared in the above embodiments 6 to 10. The periphery on oxygen layer is being separated in the crowded package of low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer for each ridge that separates the oxygen layer outer wall imbeds low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer respectively, ensures that low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer is being separated oxygen layer outer wall and is being stably attached to.
The glass fiber tape layer is a lapping structure of the glass fiber tape, and the lapping coincidence rate is about 20%. The glass fiber belt layer is used for bundling and shaping the fireproof mud layer with low heat conductivity coefficient and has a flame retardant effect.
The sheath layer is a polyolefin plastic extrusion structure.
Example 8
The medium-voltage fire-resistant cable containing the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud comprises a cable core with an insulation structure, and a belting layer, an oxygen barrier layer, a low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud layer, a glass fiber belting layer and a sheath layer which are sequentially coated outside the cable core from inside to outside.
Specifically, the cable core is formed by twisting three insulated wire cores with a pitch-diameter ratio of about 15 times, fillers are filled in twisting gaps of the three insulated wire cores, and the filled cable core is nearly in a full circle shape. Each insulated wire core consists of a conductor, and a semi-conductive conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer, a semi-conductive insulated shielding layer, a semi-conductive buffer belt layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially coated outside the conductor from inside to outside.
The conductor is a twisted structure of aluminum alloy wires.
The insulating layer is an extruded structure of crosslinked polyethylene.
The semi-conductive buffer band layer is the inside wrapping structure that is the semi-conductive buffer band material of foaming structure, and the coincidence rate of wrapping is about 20%, and the thickness of the semi-conductive buffer band layer that forms of wrapping is about 0.3 mm.
The metal shielding layer is a wrapping structure of a tinned copper strip.
The filler is a PE and asbestos mixed material.
The belting layer is the lapping structure of polyester area, and the lapping coincidence rate is about 20%.
The oxygen isolating layer is an extruded structure of polyethylene (containing cross-linked polyethylene). A plurality of convex ridges protruding outwards from the outer wall are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the oxygen isolation layer, each convex ridge is of a structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom in cross section, and the protruding height of each convex ridge is smaller than the coating thickness of the fireproof mud layer with a low heat conductivity coefficient.
The low thermal conductivity fireproof mud layer is an extruded structure of the materials prepared in the above embodiments 6 to 10. The periphery on oxygen layer is being separated in the crowded package of low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer for each ridge that separates the oxygen layer outer wall imbeds low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer respectively, ensures that low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer is being separated oxygen layer outer wall and is being stably attached to.
The glass fiber tape layer is a lapping structure of the glass fiber tape, and the lapping coincidence rate is about 20%. The glass fiber belt layer is used for bundling and shaping the fireproof mud layer with low heat conductivity coefficient and has a flame retardant effect.
The sheath layer is a polyolefin plastic extrusion structure.
Example 9
The medium-voltage fire-resistant cable containing the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud comprises a cable core with an insulation structure, and a belting layer, an oxygen barrier layer, a low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud layer, a glass fiber belting layer and a sheath layer which are sequentially coated outside the cable core from inside to outside.
Specifically, the cable core is an insulating wire core. The insulated wire core consists of a conductor, and a semi-conductive conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer, a semi-conductive insulated shielding layer, a semi-conductive buffer belt layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially coated outside the conductor from inside to outside.
The conductor is a twisted structure of a tinned copper wire.
The insulating layer is an extruded structure of ethylene propylene rubber.
The semi-conductive buffer band layer is the inside wrapping structure that is the semi-conductive buffer band material of foaming structure, and the coincidence rate of wrapping is about 20%, and the thickness of the semi-conductive buffer band layer that forms of wrapping is about 0.6 mm.
The metal shielding layer is a wrapping structure of a tinned copper wire.
The belting layer is a lapping structure of a glass fiber belt, and the lapping coincidence rate is about 20%.
The oxygen isolating layer is an extruded structure of polyethylene (containing cross-linked polyethylene). A plurality of convex ridges protruding outwards from the outer wall are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the oxygen isolation layer, each convex ridge is of a structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom in cross section, and the protruding height of each convex ridge is smaller than the coating thickness of the fireproof mud layer with a low heat conductivity coefficient.
The low thermal conductivity fireproof mud layer is an extruded structure of the materials prepared in the above embodiments 6 to 10. The periphery on oxygen layer is being separated in the crowded package of low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer for each ridge that separates the oxygen layer outer wall imbeds low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer respectively, ensures that low coefficient of thermal conductivity fire prevention mud layer is being separated oxygen layer outer wall and is being stably attached to.
The glass fiber tape layer is a lapping structure of the glass fiber tape, and the lapping coincidence rate is about 20%. The glass fiber belt layer is used for bundling and shaping the fireproof mud layer with low heat conductivity coefficient and has a flame retardant effect.
The sheath layer is an extruded structure of polyethylene (containing cross-linked polyethylene).
The cable structures of the embodiments 6 to 9 are subjected to detection tests according to technical specifications of TICW 8-2012 "rated voltage 6-35 kV extruded insulating fire-resistant power cable" compiled by shanghai cable research institute, and test results are shown in table 3.
Table 3 test results of fire resistance tests of cable structures of embodiments 6 to 9
As is clear from the data shown in Table 3, the medium-voltage fire-resistant cable disclosed by the invention is high in safety and reliability, and can effectively meet the requirements of technical specifications of 'rated voltage 6-35 kV extruded insulation fire-resistant power cable'. Compared with other conventional medium-voltage fire-resistant cables, the cable has smaller outer diameter (the conventional outer diameter is usually more than 83 mm) and lighter weight (the conventional fire-resistant clay has the density of more than 1.85, and is high in density and heavy in weight).
The above examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but not to limit it.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for some of the features thereof; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its essence.
Claims (10)
1. The low-thermal-conductivity fireproof mud is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-50 parts of magnesium hydroxide powder,
25-40 parts of sodium silicate binder,
20-50 parts of inorganic porous powder material,
0-8 parts of deionized water;
the inorganic porous powder material is one or a mixture of more of silicon dioxide aerogel, perlite, pumice, vermiculite, floating beads, zeolite, diatomite and asbestos, and the powder particle size of the inorganic porous powder material is 0.5-25 mu m.
2. The low thermal conductivity fireproof mud of claim 1, wherein the purity of the magnesium hydroxide powder is not less than 95%, and the particle size of the magnesium hydroxide powder is 0.5-5 μm.
3. The low-thermal-conductivity fireproof mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sodium silicate binder comprises sodium oxide with a mass fraction of 10% or more and silica with a mass fraction of 26% or more.
4. The preparation method of the low-thermal-conductivity fireproof mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following process steps:
step 1, placing the inorganic porous powder material and deionized water in a mixer according to the formula amount;
mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 600-800 r/min, and the stirring time is 5-15 min;
step 2, putting an ultrasonic rod into the mixer;
carrying out ultrasonic mixing at an ultrasonic frequency of 1500-2500 HZ for 5-15 min;
step 3, repeating the mixed process measures of the step 1 and the step 2;
obtaining a mixture A;
step 4, putting the magnesium hydroxide and the sodium silicate adhesive with the formula amount into a mixer filled with the mixture A;
mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 800-950 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30 min;
and 5, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual force pressing;
alternatively, the preparation method comprises the following process steps:
step I, putting the inorganic porous powder material and part of the sodium silicate adhesive in a formula amount into a mixer;
mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 600-800 r/min, and the stirring time is 5-15 min;
step II, putting an ultrasonic bar into the mixer;
carrying out ultrasonic mixing at an ultrasonic frequency of 1500-2500 HZ for 5-15 min;
step III, repeating the mixing process measures of the step I and the step II;
obtaining a mixture A;
step IV, putting the magnesium hydroxide and the other part of the sodium silicate adhesive in the formula amount into a mixer filled with the mixture A;
mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 800-950 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30 min;
and step V, checking the quality of the finished product, wherein the finished product is required to meet the following technical requirements:
-is viscous when stretched after pressing;
-no caking;
-slight sticking to the hands;
no bleeding under manual pressure.
5. The method for preparing the low thermal conductivity fire clay according to claim 4, wherein the inorganic porous powder material is a mixture of at least two raw materials, and the raw materials are mixed together to form the inorganic porous powder material according to the following process measures:
a, putting raw materials of at least two inorganic porous powder materials into a mixer;
and b, mixing in a forward stirring and reverse stirring alternating mode, wherein the stirring speed is 800-850 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30 min.
6. A medium voltage fire-resistant cable comprising the low thermal conductivity fire-resistant mud of claim 1, wherein the cable core comprises an insulation structure, and the cable core is coated with a belting layer (8), an oxygen barrier layer (9), a low thermal conductivity fire-resistant mud layer (10), a glass fiber belting layer (11) and a sheath layer (12) from inside to outside in sequence.
7. The medium-voltage fire-resistant cable according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of convex ridges (13) protruding outwards from the outer wall are arranged on the circumference of the oxygen-insulating layer (9), the protruding height of each convex ridge (13) is smaller than the coating thickness of the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud layer (10), and each convex ridge (13) on the outer wall of the oxygen-insulating layer (9) is embedded in the low-thermal-conductivity fire-resistant mud layer (10) respectively.
8. The medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 6, wherein the cable core is formed by stranding a plurality of insulated wire cores, and a filler (7) is filled in a stranding gap between the insulated wire cores;
each insulated wire core consists of a conductor (1), and a semi-conductive conductor shielding layer (2), an insulating layer (3), a semi-conductive insulated shielding layer (4) and a metal shielding layer (6) which are sequentially coated outside the conductor (1) from inside to outside.
9. The medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 8, wherein a semi-conductive buffer belt layer (5) is arranged between the semi-conductive insulation shielding layer (4) and the metal shielding layer (6) of the insulation core, and the thickness of the semi-conductive buffer belt layer (5) is 0.2-0.8 mm.
10. The medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of insulated wire cores of the cable core are twisted together with a pitch ratio of 10 to 60 times.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114956765A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-30 | 湖北龙腾红旗电缆(集团)有限公司 | Used water glass sand steam regeneration liquid refractory mortar for refractory cable and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105777150A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-07-20 | 上海胜华电气股份有限公司 | Improved isolation layer fireproof material for fireproof wires and cables and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109448921A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-08 | 尚纬股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of inorganic fire medium and high voltage cable |
| KR20200075205A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-26 | 주식회사 나노텍세라믹스 | Fireproof board and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112071492A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-11 | 特变电工(德阳)电缆股份有限公司 | Flexible fireproof cable and fireproof mud filler used for same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105777150A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-07-20 | 上海胜华电气股份有限公司 | Improved isolation layer fireproof material for fireproof wires and cables and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109448921A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-08 | 尚纬股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of inorganic fire medium and high voltage cable |
| KR20200075205A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-26 | 주식회사 나노텍세라믹스 | Fireproof board and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN114956765A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-30 | 湖北龙腾红旗电缆(集团)有限公司 | Used water glass sand steam regeneration liquid refractory mortar for refractory cable and preparation method thereof |
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