CN114347794A

CN114347794A - Pantograph structure for train

Info

Publication number: CN114347794A
Application number: CN202111626146.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高广军; 商雯斐; 王家斌; 张琰
Original assignee: Central South University
Current assignee: Central South University
Priority date: 2021-12-28
Filing date: 2021-12-28
Publication date: 2022-04-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a pantograph structure for a train, which comprises an arm rod, wherein the horizontal section of the arm rod is of a wing-shaped structure which is gradually contracted after being increased along the transverse width, and the leeward side curved surface of the arm rod continuously fluctuates along the axial direction of the arm rod. The pantograph structure for the train has the advantages of reducing pneumatic noise and resistance, improving the transverse stability of the operation of the pantograph and the like.

Description

Pantograph structure for train

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a pantograph structure for a train.

Background

When the electric rail train runs on a line, electric energy needs to be obtained from a contact net above the line so as to drive the train to run. The pantograph is an important structure for obtaining energy, and the pneumatic characteristic of the pantograph during the operation process of the train is in particular concerned. The pantograph is often directly installed on the top of a train, and the arm structure of the pantograph is more directly exposed in the air, so that serious aerodynamic noise phenomenon can be generated when the train runs, and certain aerodynamic resistance is accompanied. Most of the conventional pantograph arm rods are of cylindrical structures, and a wake flow instability phenomenon similar to a karman vortex street can exist at the downstream flow field of the conventional pantograph arm rods, so that the pantograph has certain transverse vibration and the normal operation of a train at a high operation speed is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the pantograph structure for the train, which effectively reduces pneumatic noise, improves the transverse stability of the arm rod and ensures the running performance of the train.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a pantograph structure for train, includes the armed lever, the armed lever horizontal cross-section is the wing section structure that horizontal width increases earlier back and contract gradually along the wind direction, just the armed lever leeward side curved surface is along the continuous undulation of armed lever axial.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the wing section of the arm rod is of a symmetrical structure.

Follow in an axial undulation structure of armed lever, the horizontal cross-section of definition leeward side highest point department is first airfoil section, and leeward side lowest point department horizontal cross-section is second airfoil section, the armed lever leeward side links up to first airfoil section from second airfoil section by first curved surface, links up to second airfoil section from first airfoil section by the second curved surface, and first curved surface and second curved surface are all indent in armed lever leeward side, make the undulation structure peak, the summit point of first airfoil section promptly are the prong structure.

The arm rod is obliquely arranged relative to the vertical direction, and the axial projection of the arm rod on the horizontal plane is parallel to the wind direction; the end point connecting line of the first airfoil section and the second airfoil section on the windward side is axially parallel to the arm rod, so that the tooth tip structure points to the leeward side.

The projection of the arm rod on a vertical plane parallel to the running direction of the train is a sawtooth structure with a tooth tip pointing to the leeward side.

Including upper arm, underarm and articulated seat, the upper arm passes through articulated seat with the underarm and is connected, and upper arm end connection is used for getting the bow of electricity, and the on-vehicle base of underarm end connection, the pole body of upper arm and underarm do the arm pole structure.

The upper arm and the bow head are movably connected through a hinge structure.

The lower arm is movably connected with the vehicle-mounted base through a hinge structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

according to the pantograph structure for the train, the section of the arm rod is not a conventional circular section, but an airfoil structure with transverse width increasing firstly and then contracting along the wind direction, and the curved surface on the leeward side of the arm rod continuously fluctuates along the axial direction of the arm rod. Compared with the existing cylindrical surface, the airfoil section can effectively guide the air flow of the leeward side area of the pantograph arm rod, the tail air flow is adjusted through the airfoil structure with the leeward side gradually narrowed, the strong flow separation of high-speed air flow generated on the windward side and the leeward side of the pantograph arm is delayed, the karman vortex street phenomenon at the rear part of the arm rod is weakened, and the transverse vibration condition of the pantograph arm is weakened. Meanwhile, the curved surface on the leeward side continuously fluctuates along the axial direction of the arm rod, the fluctuation structure plays a further rectification role on the air flow on the leeward side of the arm rod, a reverse vortex structure is generated, high-frequency energy contained in the vortex structure on the leeward side of the pantograph is reduced, pneumatic noise and pneumatic resistance of the pantograph in the running process of the train are reduced, and the running stability of the train is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an arm lever in a pantograph structure for a train according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a pantograph structure for a train of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a pantograph structure for a train according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cloud of wake flow velocities for an arm of the present invention compared to a conventional cylindrical arm;

FIG. 5 is a wake vortex cloud comparing an arm of the present invention with a conventional cylindrical arm;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the leeward side gas flow of the arm of the present invention in comparison to a conventional cylindrical arm.

Illustration of the drawings: 1. an arm lever; 11. a first curved surface; 12. a second curved surface; 13. a tooth tip structure; 2. an upper arm; 3. a lower arm; 4. a hinged seat; 5. a bow head; 6. vehicle-mounted base.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1, the pantograph structure for a train according to the present embodiment includes an arm 1, a horizontal cross section of the arm 1 is a wing-shaped structure whose transverse width increases first and then gradually shrinks along a wind direction, and a curved surface of the arm 1 on a leeward side continuously undulates along an axial direction of the arm 1. Compare current cylinder structure surface, the regional air flow of the aerofoil cross-section can effectively guide pantograph armed lever leeward side in this embodiment, adjusts afterbody air current through the aerofoil structure that the leeward side narrows gradually, delays the high-speed air current and meets, the strong flow separation of leeward side at the pantograph armed, weakens the karman vortex street phenomenon at the armed lever rear portion to weaken the lateral vibration condition of pantograph armed. As shown in FIG. 6, a conventional cylindrical arm is shown on FIG. 6, and an airfoil-shaped arm 1 of the present embodiment is shown below FIG. 6, and the direction of air flow is shown by a line with an arrow in the figure. Meanwhile, the curved surface on the leeward side continuously fluctuates along the axial direction of the arm rod, the fluctuation structure plays a further rectification role on the air flow on the leeward side of the arm rod, a reverse vortex structure is generated, high-frequency energy contained in the vortex structure on the leeward side of the pantograph is reduced, pneumatic noise and pneumatic resistance of the pantograph in the running process of the train are reduced, and the running stability of the train is improved.

In this embodiment, the airfoil shape of the cross section of the arm 1 is a symmetric structure, and in an undulation structure along the axial direction of the arm 1, the horizontal cross section at the highest point on the leeward side is defined as a first airfoil cross section, and the horizontal cross section at the lowest point on the leeward side is defined as a second airfoil cross section, as shown by the sparser broken lines in fig. 1. The two airfoil sections divide the long axis by the short axis at the widest part of the airfoil, wherein the length of the windward side part of the long axis is the same, namely the structures of the two airfoil sections positioned at the windward side of the arm rod are the same; the length of the leeward side part of the long shaft is different, and the length of the leeward side of the first airfoil section is twice that of the leeward side of the second airfoil section. When the shape of the arm rod 1 is constructed, the two sections arranged along the axial direction are restricted to obtain a sawtooth-shaped fluctuation structure, and the leeward side of the arm rod 1 is jointed to the first airfoil section from the second airfoil section through the first curved surface 11 and is jointed to the second airfoil section from the first airfoil section through the second curved surface 12. As shown in fig. 1, the first curved surface 11 and the second curved surface 12 are both concave on the leeward side of the arm 1 relative to the connecting line (broken line with dense break points in fig. 1) between the endpoints of the two airfoil sections on the leeward side, so that the highest point of the relief structure, i.e. the vertex of the first airfoil section, is a tooth tip structure 13. As shown in fig. 4, compared with the original cylindrical pantograph boom, the flow separation phenomenon of the leeward side of the pantograph boom adopting the wing-shaped structure is obviously weakened.

In the embodiment, the arm rod 1 is obliquely arranged relative to the vertical direction, and the axial projection of the arm rod 1 on the horizontal plane is parallel to the wind direction; the end point connecting line of each first wing section and each second wing section on the windward side is axially parallel to the arm rod 1, so that the tooth tip structure 13 points to the leeward side, and the projection of the arm rod 1 on a vertical plane parallel to the running direction of the train is a sawtooth structure with the tooth tip pointing to the leeward side. After the air flow toward the leeward side flows along the first curved surface 11 to the tooth tip structure 13, as shown in fig. 5, a significant reverse vortex is generated at the tooth tip. Under the action of the reverse vortex, the high-frequency energy contained in the vortex and vortex structure on the leeward side of the pantograph boom 1 is reduced, so that the interference of the pneumatic noise phenomenon at the pantograph boom 1 on the running of a train and the surrounding environment of a line is reduced.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pantograph structure includes upper arm 2, lower arm 3 and articulated seat 4, and upper arm 2 passes through articulated seat 4 swing joint with lower arm 3, and the end connection of upper arm 2 is used for getting the bow 5 of electricity, and the end connection of lower arm 3 is on-vehicle base 6, and the pole body of upper arm 2 and lower arm 3 is arm pole 1 structure. The structures of the arm lever 1 of the upper arm 2 and the lower arm 3 can be not completely consistent, the two can be set into independent shape structures according to requirements, and the undulating structures in the upper arm 2 and the undulating structures in the lower arm 3 can also be not completely consistent, and the undulating structures can be independently set, but the overall requirements of the existence of the sawtooth undulating structures and the obvious tooth tip structures 13 are met.

In this embodiment, the angle of upper arm 2 and lower arm 3 can suitably be adjusted to ensure that 5 carbon slide plates of pantograph bow can reach the contact net high position, and realize good contact and get the electricity. Both the upper arm 2 and the lower arm 3 are adjustable on the articulated seat 4 in the range of 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane.

In this embodiment, the upper arm 2 and the bow 5 are movably connected through a hinge structure, and the lower arm 3 and the vehicle-mounted base 6 are movably connected through a hinge structure. And the joints of the two ends of the upper arm 2 and the joints of the two ends of the lower arm 3 are consistent with the joint of the pantograph arm of the conventional pantograph. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the end of the upper arm 2 is a mounting seat adapted to the head 5 of the pantograph, and the end of the lower arm 3 is a ring structure and can be adapted to the vehicle-mounted base 6, so that the upper arm 2 and the lower arm 3 of the present embodiment can be directly replaced by an upper rod or a lower rod or both of the upper rod and the lower rod of a conventional pantograph as required.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a pantograph structure for train which characterized in that: including armed lever (1), armed lever (1) horizontal cross-section is the wing section structure that horizontal width increases earlier back shrink gradually along the wind direction, just armed lever (1) leeward side curved surface is along armed lever (1) axial constantly undulate.

2. The pantograph structure for trains according to claim 1, wherein: the section wing type of the arm rod (1) is of a symmetrical structure.

3. The pantograph structure for trains according to claim 1, wherein: follow in an undulation structure of armed lever (1) axial, the horizontal cross-section of definition leeward side highest point department is first airfoil section, and leeward side lowest point department horizontal cross-section is second airfoil section, armed lever (1) leeward side links up to first airfoil section from second airfoil section by first curved surface (11), links up to second airfoil section from first airfoil section by second curved surface (12), and first curved surface (11) and second curved surface (12) are all sunken in armed lever (1) leeward side, make undulation structure peak, the summit point of first airfoil section promptly is prong structure (13).

4. The pantograph structure for trains according to claim 3, wherein: the arm rod (1) is obliquely arranged relative to the vertical direction, and the axial projection of the arm rod on the horizontal plane is parallel to the wind direction; the connecting line of the end points of the first airfoil section and the second airfoil section on the windward side is axially parallel to the arm rod (1), so that the tooth tip structure (13) points to the leeward side.

5. The pantograph structure for trains according to claim 4, wherein: the projection of the arm rod (1) on a vertical plane parallel to the running direction of the train is a sawtooth-shaped structure with a tooth tip pointing to the leeward side.

6. The pantograph structure for trains according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: including upper arm (2), lower arm (3) and articulated seat (4), upper arm (2) are connected through articulated seat (4) with lower arm (3), and upper arm (2) end connection is used for getting bow (5) of electricity, and lower arm (3) end connection vehicle-mounted base (6), the pole body of upper arm (2) and lower arm (3) do arm pole (1) structure.

7. The pantograph structure for trains according to claim 6, wherein: the upper arm (2) is movably connected with the bow head (5) through a hinge structure.

8. The pantograph structure for trains according to claim 6, wherein: the lower arm (3) is movably connected with the vehicle-mounted base (6) through a hinge structure.