CN114344833A - Orthopedics traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation, relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and comprises a rehabilitation training module, a traction module and the like. The traction module adopts a differential screw mechanism, so that the continuous and uniform stress application traction effect can be realized; the hook in the traction module can realize the function of quick force unloading by matching a clutch type internal spline and an external spline with a multi-thread pair; the rehabilitation training module can realize the support of the legs of the patient, and the angle change range is 0-60 degrees; a second spring is arranged in the regulating and controlling assembly, and the patient can lift the leg by overcoming the elasticity of the second spring to perform rehabilitation exercise; the initial tension of the second spring can be adjusted along with the rehabilitation process of the patient so as to obtain the optimal rehabilitation training effect; the rehabilitation training module is detachably provided with a short flat plate and a long flat plate and has the function of preventing overturning; the short flat plate has a rectangular or fan-shaped cross section, and when the cross section is in the fan-shaped shape, the short flat plate can be connected with two rehabilitation training modules, so that the short flat plate is suitable for the situation of double-leg fracture.

Description

Orthopedics traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation.

Background

The traction is to utilize the principle of acting force and reacting force in mechanics, act on the affected limb through the traction of gravity, relieve the tension and retraction of soft tissues at the fracture and dislocation, reset the fracture or dislocation and achieve the purpose of treatment. Use the shank fracture as an example, in current clinical, adopt crude traction technique more, hang the weight through a set of rope promptly, utilize gravity to carry out the tractive to the affected part, this method is unfavorable for the activity of patient's shank, and weight is the definite value, can only increase and decrease the weight piece by piece, can not realize the effect of continuous even application of force. In contrast, patent No. 201910547421.9 proposes a movable orthopedic traction frame, which can be classified as a chair for achieving traction function, and the device achieves the traction function through hydraulic driving, and has the advantages of complete functions and improvement of working efficiency of medical staff; the shortcoming is then obvious, and hydraulic drive exists the hydraulic oil pollution problem, also makes the complete machine system complicated, and manufacturing and maintenance cost increase, secondly, above all, the device can not use along with the sick bed, needs patient to shift to the device from the sick bed, but fracture patient often needs rest, can not frequent change the bedding, from practical perspective, the device practicality is not strong.

Based on the above problems, it is necessary to design an orthopedic traction device which can apply force continuously and uniformly to leg fracture, has an exquisite and portable structure, and can be used along with a bed, and in addition, the traction device can meet the rehabilitation training requirements of patients while achieving the traction function, so that the function of loading and moving the legs of the patients in a certain range can be achieved, and meanwhile, the problem that the load needs to be dynamically increased along with the rehabilitation process of the patients needs to be considered.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation comprises a rehabilitation training module, a traction module, a short flat plate, a hand wheel and a long flat plate provided with a supporting pad; the short flat plate and the long flat plate are respectively detachably arranged at two sides of the rehabilitation training module; the section of the short flat plate is rectangular or fan-shaped; the rehabilitation training module also comprises a sliding component, a supporting component and a regulating and controlling component; the regulating and controlling component is slidably arranged on the sliding component; the first end of the supporting component is rotatably arranged on the sliding component; the second end of the supporting component is slidably arranged on the regulating component; the adjusting and controlling component is provided with a spring telescopic mechanism for adjusting the elasticity through a spiral mechanism; the traction module is detachably arranged on the support component; the traction module is provided with a traction assembly; the traction assembly is provided with a differential screw mechanism for applying traction force; the traction assembly is also provided with a clutch type multi-thread screw mechanism for unloading force; the hand wheel is detachably butted with the sliding assembly or the traction assembly; the hand wheel is used for rotationally driving the sliding component or the traction component.

Furthermore, the sliding assembly comprises a first bottom frame, a first bevel gear shaft, a second bevel gear shaft, a first guide rod, a first lead screw, a support, a first guide rail, a dial, a slide rail and a first joint; the two first guide rods are fixedly arranged on the first bottom frame; the first lead screw is hinged on the first bottom frame; the first bevel gear shaft is fixedly arranged on the first lead screw; two second bevel gear shafts are hinged to two sides of the first bottom frame; the bevel gear on the second bevel gear shaft is meshed with the bevel gear on the first bevel gear shaft; each second bevel gear shaft is fixedly provided with a first joint; the first joint is used for butting the hand wheel; two sliding rails are fixedly arranged on two sides of the first bottom frame respectively; the slide rail is used for being connected with the short flat plate or the long flat plate in a sliding manner; the two supports are fixedly arranged on two sides of the first bottom frame; each support is provided with a dial and a first guide rail; the two track surfaces of the first guide rail are coaxial cylindrical surfaces, and the value range of the central angle is 0-65 degrees.

Furthermore, the support assembly comprises a second bottom frame, a guide block, a vertical plate, a first spring, a second guide rod, a first sliding table, a support seat and a second support; the two second guide rods are fixedly arranged in the second bottom frame; the first sliding table is slidably arranged on the two second guide rods; two sides of each second guide rod are respectively sleeved with a first spring; two sides of each first spring are respectively in contact fit with the second bottom frame and the first sliding table; four corners of the first sliding table are respectively and fixedly provided with a supporting seat; the two second supports are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the second bottom frame; the two vertical plates are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the second bottom frame; the vertical plate is in sliding fit with the support; each vertical plate is fixedly provided with a guide block; the guide block is used for being rotatably connected with the first guide rail, and the central angle occupied by the guide block in the first guide rail is not more than 5 degrees.

Furthermore, the regulating and controlling assembly comprises a sliding plate, a supporting plate, a second guide rail, a push plate, a first bracket, a third guide rod, a second lead screw, a second sliding table, a butterfly knob and a second spring; the sliding plate is slidably arranged on the two first guide rods; the middle part of the sliding plate is matched with the first lead screw to form a screw mechanism; two ends of the sliding plate are respectively hinged with a supporting plate; two ends of the sliding plate are respectively fixedly provided with a push plate; the push plate is used for supporting the supporting plate; a second guide rail is arranged on the supporting plate; the second guide rail is used for being in sliding fit with the second support column; a first bracket is fixedly arranged on each push plate; each first support is provided with a second sliding table in a sliding manner; each second sliding table is fixedly provided with a third guide rod; the third guide rod is in sliding fit with the first support; each second sliding table is hinged with a second lead screw; the second screw rod is matched with the first bracket to form a screw mechanism; each second lead screw is fixedly provided with a butterfly knob; two second springs are provided, and two ends of each second spring are respectively hinged to the supporting plate and the second sliding table; the supporting plate, the second spring and the second sliding table form a spring telescopic mechanism.

Furthermore, the central line of the second guide rail is composed of a section of circular arc and a straight line section tangent to the circular arc.

Further, the outer surface of the supporting plate comprises a cylindrical surface and a plane surface which are equidistant to the second guide rail track surface, and the plane surface is used for being attached to the plane surface on the push plate.

Furthermore, the included angle between the plane attached to the support plate on the push plate and the sickbed surface ranges from 15 degrees to 75 degrees.

Furthermore, the traction module also comprises a bracket, a lining plate, a bandage, a locking ring, a first strut and a lock catch; the lining plate is fixedly arranged on the bracket; a row of locks which are arranged at equal intervals are respectively arranged at the two sides of the bracket; two first supporting columns are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bracket respectively and are used for being matched with the supporting seat; a plurality of locking rings are arranged on the bandage; the lock ring is used for matching with the lock catch; two bandages are arranged on every two symmetrical lock catches at the two sides of the bracket.

Furthermore, the differential screw mechanism arranged on the traction assembly comprises a bottom plate, a second bracket, a movable nut, a second joint, a first screw rod, a fixed nut and a second screw rod; the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the bracket; the fixed nut is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate; the movable nut is slidably arranged on the bottom plate; the first screw rod is matched with the fixed nut to form a thread pair; the second screw is fixedly arranged on the first screw; the second screw rod is matched with the movable nut to form a thread pair; the screw thread turning directions and the screw pitches of the first screw and the second screw are different; the second joint is fixedly arranged on the first screw rod and is used for butting the hand wheel; the second bracket is fixedly arranged on the movable nut; two ends of the second bracket are respectively provided with a clutch type multi-thread screw mechanism.

Furthermore, the clutch type multi-thread screw mechanism comprises a hook, a locking seat, a locking pin, a fourth guide rod, a multi-thread screw rod, a sleeve, a multi-thread nut, a shaft sleeve, a third spring and a fifth guide rod; the sleeve and the fifth guide rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the second bracket; the shaft sleeve is slidably arranged on the fifth guide rod; the third spring is sleeved on the fifth guide rod; two ends of the third spring are respectively fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve and the second support; an internal spline is arranged in the shaft sleeve; the multi-thread nut is hinged on the fifth guide rod; an external spline is arranged outside the multi-thread nut; a multi-thread internal thread is arranged in the multi-thread nut; the external spline is in sliding fit with the internal spline; a fourth guide rod and a multi-thread screw are fixedly arranged on the locking seat; the fourth guide rod is arranged in the sleeve in a sliding manner; the multi-thread screw is inserted into the multi-thread nut; a multi-thread external thread is arranged on the multi-thread screw; the multi-thread external thread is matched with the multi-thread internal thread; the locking seat is detachably provided with a hook and a locking pin; the locking pin is inserted into the locking seat and the hook at the same time. .

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the traction module adopts a differential screw mechanism, so that the continuous and uniform stress application traction effect can be realized; (2) the hook in the traction module can realize the function of quick force unloading by matching a clutch type internal spline and an external spline with a multi-thread pair; (3) the rehabilitation training module can realize the support of the legs of the patient, and the angle change range is 0-60 degrees; (4) under the condition that the position of the regulating and controlling assembly is determined, the patient can lift the legs by overcoming the elasticity of the second spring to carry out leg rehabilitation exercise; (5) the butterfly knob drives the second screw rod to further drive the second sliding table to move, the initial tension of the second spring is adjusted through the initial position of the second sliding table, and the initial tension of the second spring can be gradually increased along with the rehabilitation process of the patient, so that the optimal rehabilitation training effect is obtained; (6) the short flat plate and the long flat plate play a role in preventing the device from overturning; (7) the short flat plate has a rectangular or fan-shaped cross section, and when the short flat plate has a fan-shaped cross section, the short flat plate can be connected with two rehabilitation training modules, so that the short flat plate is suitable for the situation of double-leg fracture.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first operating state according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second working state according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third operating state according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rehabilitation training module according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the glide assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the support assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a regulatory module of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of a part of the structure in a third working state according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the glide assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a traction module according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the draft assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a rehabilitation training module; 2-a traction module; 3-short plate; 4-hand wheel; 5-long flat plate; 6-a support pad; 7-a glide assembly; 8-a support assembly; 9-a regulatory component; 10-a traction assembly;

201-a bracket; 202-a lining plate; 203-a bandage; 204-a lock ring; 205-a first strut; 206-locking;

701-a first bottom frame; 702-a first bevel gear shaft; 703-a second bevel gear shaft; 704-a first guide bar; 705-a first lead screw; 706-a support; 707-a first guide rail; 708-a dial; 709-a slide rail; 710-a first joint;

801-a second bottom frame; 802-a guide block; 803-standing plate; 804-a first spring; 805-a second guide bar; 806-a first slide; 807-a support base; 808-a second strut;

901-a skateboard; 902-a support plate; 903-a second guide rail; 904-push plate; 905-a first support; 906-a third guide bar; 907-second lead screw; 908-a second slide; 909-butterfly knob; 910-a second spring;

1001-backplane; 1002-hooking; 1003-locking seat; 1004-locking pin; 1005-a fourth guide rod; 1006-a multi-thread screw; 1007-a sleeve; 1008-multi-thread nuts; 1009-shaft sleeve; 1010-a third spring; 1011-a fifth guide bar; 1012-a second bracket; 1013-moving the nut; 1014-a second linker; 1015-first screw; 1016-fixed nut; 1017-second screw; 1018-external spline; 1019-inner spline; 1020-multiple internal threads; 1021-multiple thread external thread.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

Fig. 1 to 11 illustrate a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

Taking the first embodiment as an example, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 10, the short flat plate 3 and the long flat plate 5 are respectively detachably mounted on both sides of the rehabilitation training module 1; the section of the short flat plate 3 is rectangular or fan-shaped, and the rectangular shape is adopted in the embodiment; the long flat plate 5 is provided with a supporting pad 6 for lifting the healthy leg of the patient; the rehabilitation training module 1 also comprises a sliding component 7, a supporting component 8 and a regulating and controlling component 9; the regulating and controlling component 9 is slidably arranged on the sliding component 7; the first end of the supporting component 8 is rotatably arranged on the sliding component 7; the second end of the supporting component 8 is slidably arranged on the regulating component 9; the adjusting and controlling component 9 is provided with a spring telescopic mechanism for adjusting the elasticity through a spiral mechanism; the traction module 2 is detachably mounted on the support assembly 8; the traction module 2 is provided with a traction assembly 10; the traction assembly 10 is provided with a differential screw mechanism for applying traction force; the traction assembly 10 is also provided with a clutch type multi-thread screw mechanism for unloading force; the hand wheel 4 is detachably butted with the sliding component 7 or the traction component 10; the hand wheel 4 is used for rotationally driving the sliding component 7 or the traction component 10.

As shown in fig. 5 and 9, in the sliding assembly 7, two first guide rods 704 are fixedly mounted on the first base frame 701; a first lead screw 705 is hinged on the first bottom frame 701; a first bevel gear shaft 702 is fixedly mounted on a first lead screw 705; two second bevel gear shafts 703 are hinged on two sides of the first bottom frame 701; the bevel teeth on the second bevel gear shaft 703 are meshed with the bevel teeth on the first bevel gear shaft 702; the number of the bevel teeth on the first bevel gear shaft 702 and the second bevel gear shaft 703 is 17, and the modulus is 1; each second bevel gear shaft 703 is fixedly provided with a first joint 710, and the first joint 710 is cuboid; the first joint 710 is used for butting the hand wheel 4; two sides of the first bottom frame 701 are respectively and fixedly provided with a sliding rail 709; the slide rail 709 is used for sliding connection with the short flat plate 3 or the long flat plate 5; two supports 706 are fixedly installed at both sides of the first bottom frame 701; each support 706 is provided with a dial 708 and a first guide 707; two track surfaces of the first guide rail 707 are coaxial cylindrical surfaces, specifically, in this embodiment, a center line of the first guide rail 707 is an arc line with a radius of 45cm, a central angle of the arc line ranges from 0 ° to 65 °, and in this embodiment, the central angle is 45 °; the scale 708 is provided with a scale every 1 °, and a total of 41 scales are provided.

As shown in fig. 6, in the supporting assembly 8, two second guide bars 805 are fixedly installed in the second bottom frame 801; the first sliding table 806 is slidably mounted on the two second guide rods 805; two sides of each second guide rod 805 are respectively sleeved with a first spring 804; two sides of each first spring 804 are respectively in contact fit with the second bottom frame 801 and the first sliding table 806; four corners of the first sliding table 806 are respectively fixedly provided with a supporting seat 807; two second pillars 808 are respectively and fixedly installed at two sides of the second bottom frame 801; two vertical plates 803 are respectively and fixedly installed at two sides of the second bottom frame 801; the vertical plate 803 is in sliding fit with the support 706; each vertical plate 803 is fixedly provided with a guide block 802; the guide block 802 is configured to be rotatably connected to the first guide rail 707, and a central angle occupied by the guide block 802 in the first guide rail 707 is not more than 5 °, which is 5 ° in the present embodiment, so that the scale on the dial 708 is marked from 0 ° to 40 °.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in the adjustment and control assembly 9, a sliding plate 901 is slidably mounted on two of the first guide rods 704; the middle part of the sliding plate 901 is matched with the first lead screw 705 to form a screw mechanism; two ends of the sliding plate 901 are respectively hinged with a supporting plate 902; two ends of the sliding plate 901 are fixedly provided with a push plate 904 respectively; the push plate 904 is used to support the support plate 902; a second guide rail 903 is arranged on the supporting plate 902; a second rail 903 for sliding engagement with the second strut 808; a first bracket 905 is fixedly arranged on each push plate 904; each first support 905 is provided with a second sliding table 908 in a sliding way; each second sliding table 908 is fixedly provided with a third guide rod 906; the third guide 906 is in sliding fit with the first bracket 905; each second sliding table 908 is hinged with a second lead screw 907; the second lead screw 907 is matched with the first bracket 905 to form a screw mechanism; each second lead screw 907 is fixedly provided with a butterfly knob 909; two second springs 910 are provided, and two ends of each second spring 910 are respectively hinged to the supporting plate 902 and the second sliding table 908; the supporting plate 902, the second spring 910 and the second sliding table 908 form a spring telescopic mechanism; further, the center line of the second guide rail 903 is composed of a section of circular arc and a straight line section tangent to the circular arc; the outer surface of the supporting plate 902 includes a cylindrical surface and a plane surface equidistant from the track surface of the second rail 903, and the plane surface is used for being attached to the plane surface on the push plate 904; the included angle between the plane of the push plate 904 attached to the support plate 902 and the sickbed surface ranges from 15 degrees to 75 degrees, and the value in the embodiment is 60 degrees.

As shown in fig. 10, in the traction module 2, a liner 202 is fixedly mounted on a bracket 201; a row of locks 206 arranged at equal intervals are respectively arranged at two sides of the bracket 201; two first supporting columns 205 are fixedly mounted on two sides of the bracket 201 respectively, and the first supporting columns 205 are used for matching with the supporting seat 807; a plurality of lock rings 204 are arranged on the bandage 203; the lock ring 204 is for mating with the lock catch 206; two symmetrical lock catches 206 on two sides of the bracket 201 are provided with a bandage 203; the bandage 203 is made of elastic fiber woven material, has a thickness of 1.5mm, and can be stretched and deformed.

As shown in fig. 11, the pulling assembly 10 includes a differential screw mechanism and a clutch-type multiple-wire screw mechanism; in the differential screw mechanism, a base plate 1001 is fixedly connected to a bracket 201; the fixed nut 1016 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 1001; traveling nut 1013 is slidably mounted on bottom plate 1001; the first screw 1015 and the fixed nut 1016 are matched to form a thread pair; the second screw 1017 is fixedly arranged on the first screw 1015; the second screw 1017 and the movable nut 1013 are matched to form a thread pair; the first screw 1015 and the second screw 1017 have different screw threads and different screw pitches; the second joint 1014 is fixedly arranged on the first screw 1015, and the second joint 1014 is used for butting against the hand wheel 4; the second connector 1014 is shaped as a cuboid; the second bracket 1012 is fixedly mounted on the movable nut 1013; two ends of the second bracket 1012 are respectively provided with a clutch type multi-thread screw mechanism; in the clutch type multi-thread screw mechanism, a sleeve 1007 and a fifth guide rod 1011 are respectively and fixedly connected with a second bracket 1012; the sleeve 1009 is slidably mounted on the fifth guide rod 1011; the third spring 1010 is sleeved on the fifth guide rod 1011; two ends of the third spring 1010 are respectively fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve 1009 and the second bracket 1012; an internal spline 1019 is arranged in the shaft sleeve 1009; the multi-thread nut 1008 is hinged on the fifth guide rod 1011; the external spline 1018 is arranged outside the multi-thread nut 1008; a multi-thread internal thread 1020 is arranged in the multi-thread nut 1008; the external spline 1018 is in sliding fit with the internal spline 1019; a fourth guide rod 1005 and a multi-thread screw 1006 are fixedly arranged on the locking seat 1003; fourth guide rod 1005 is slidably mounted in sleeve 1007; the multi-thread screw 1006 is inserted into the multi-thread nut 1008; the multi-thread screw 1006 is provided with a multi-thread external thread 1021; the multi-thread external thread 1021 is matched with the multi-thread internal thread 1020; the locking seat 1003 is detachably provided with a hook 1002 and a locking pin 1004; the locking pin 1004 is inserted into the locking socket 1003 and the hook 1002 simultaneously.

Taking the second embodiment as an example, as shown in fig. 12, on the basis of the first embodiment, the short flat plate 3 with the sector-shaped cross section is selected, and the rehabilitation training modules 1 with the traction modules 2 are respectively installed on two sides of the short flat plate 3, so that simultaneous traction and rehabilitation training of thighs on two sides can be realized.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the invention is used, as shown in figure 1, aiming at the left leg of a patient, a short flat plate 3 is arranged at the left side of a rehabilitation training module 1; if the right picture of the patient is aimed at, the positions of the short flat plate 3 and the long flat plate 5 shown in the figure 1 are exchanged; then the device shown in figure 1 is placed on the bed surface of a hospital bed; the short flat plate 3 and the long flat plate 5 play a role in overturning the placing device left and right; the weight of the short flat plate 3 and the long flat plate 5 is controlled by selecting the materials of the short flat plate and the long flat plate, the device shown in figure 1 is firmly pressed on the bed surface through gravity, or a conventional clamping device is arranged outside, and the short flat plate 3 or the long flat plate 5 is clamped on the bed surface, such as a common spiral clamping structure.

Further, taking fig. 1 as an example, the left leg of the patient is placed in the traction module 2, specifically, the position of the rehabilitation training module 1 on the bed surface should be adjusted according to the length of the thigh of the patient, in the first embodiment, the track radius of the first guide rail 707 is 45cm, which is well suitable for the patient with one meter and seven-five height, but in practice, the height of the patient is different from one meter and seven-five, the length of the thigh is different, and the central axis corresponding to the track radius of the first track is coincided with the hip joint according to the actual thigh length; then, the two locking pins 1004 are pulled out, and then the two hooks 1002 are taken out; then, all the bandages 203 are opened, the left leg is placed on the liner 202, and then all the bandages 203 are installed and tightened, and the two bandages 203 near one side of the support 706 act on the knee joint, and can be arranged crosswise.

Further, the hand wheel 4 is inserted into the first joint 710 on the second bevel gear shaft 703 on one side of the short flat plate 3, the second bevel gear shaft 703 is driven by rotating the hand wheel 4, the first bevel gear shaft 702 is driven by the second bevel gear shaft 703, the first lead screw 705 is driven by the first bevel gear shaft 702, and the sliding plate 901 is driven to move by the first lead screw 705; when the sliding plate 901 moves, the second guide rail 903 drives the second strut 808 to move, and when the second strut 808 moves in the second guide rail 903, the second strut 808 presses the supporting plate 902 on the push plate 904 due to the action of gravity; when the push plate 904 moves along with the sliding plate 901, the second strut 808 is driven to move, and then the second bottom frame 801 drives the two guide blocks 802 to slide in the first guide rail 707; the sliding of the guide block 802 in the first guide rail 707 is actually the rotation of the guide block 802 around the axis corresponding to the rail surface of the first guide rail 707, and as mentioned above, the axis coincides with the hip joint, so that the guide block 802 drives the traction module 2 with the left leg of the patient to lift through the second bottom frame 801, and simultaneously, the guide block 802 and the left leg of the patient both rotate around the same axis; in fact, the doctor makes the center axis corresponding to the orbit radius of the first orbit coincide with the hip joint by visual observation, and this error is compensated by the first sliding platform 806 and the first spring 804, so as to ensure that the guide block 802 and the left leg of the patient rotate around the same axis; finally, the traction module 2 is caused to lift the left leg of the patient by about 30 ° to the position shown in fig. 2.

Further, two hooks 1002 are hung on a steel nail penetrating through an ankle joint after the leg bone fracture, so that the hooks 1002 are perpendicular to the bed surface, then the hooks 1002 are rotated and placed down, the hooks 1002 are tried to be placed back to the locking seat 1003, and the hooks 1002 cannot be directly placed back to the locking seat 1003, at this moment, a hand wheel 4 needs to be inserted into the second connector 1014, and the position of a movable nut 1013 is controlled by rotating the hand wheel 4 until the hooks 1002 can be placed back to the locking seat 1003; after the hook 1002 is put back into the locking seat 1003, the position of the movable nut 1013 is adjusted so that the locking pin 1004 can be inserted into the locking seat 1003 and the hook 1002 in sequence; finally, after the locking pin 1004 is installed back, as shown in fig. 2, the position of the movable nut 1013 is controlled by the hand wheel 4, so that the two hooks 1002 pull the steel nail to apply force to the direction of the second joint 1014, and a proper initial force is controlled, and a proper traction effect can be obtained; the traction force applied by the hook 1002 can be adjusted regularly along with the rehabilitation process of the patient, so that the requirements of the patient in various rehabilitation periods can be met.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, after the traction force is set, the hand wheel 4 is removed, and at this time, the patient can lift the left leg according to the self-ability, as shown in fig. 3; the principle is that the first lead screw 705 has a self-locking function, and can lock the regulating and controlling assembly 9 on the sliding assembly 7, at the moment, due to the action of gravity, the supporting plate 902 and the push plate 904 are attached tightly, and the patient needs to overcome the total gravity of the leg and the traction module 2 and the tension of the second spring 910, so as to lift the leg, and separate the supporting plate 902 and the push plate 904; the patient can continuously raise the legs and put the legs back within a certain angle range, so that the muscle group of the legs can be exercised, the postoperative rehabilitation is facilitated, and complications such as varicosity and the like are prevented; as shown in fig. 8, the length of the second spring 910 is proportional to the elastic force, and the larger the lifting angle is, the larger the elastic force to be overcome is; particularly, the initial tension of the second spring 910 is adjustable, the second lead screw 907 drives the second sliding table 908 to move by rotating the butterfly knob 909, and the position of the second sliding table 908 determines the initial elongation of the second spring 910, so that the initial tension is determined; the initial tension with different sizes is taken as a starting point, so that the leg strength of the patient in different periods in the course of disease can be adapted.

Further, as shown in fig. 11, when a medical worker or a patient wants to rapidly remove the traction force, the shaft sleeve 1009 is only slightly fluctuated to disengage the internal spline 1019 of the shaft sleeve 1009 from the external spline 1018 of the multi-thread nut 1008, and the multi-thread screw 1006 drives the multi-thread nut 1008 to spin under the action of the tension force and ejects the multi-thread screw 1006 to drive the locking seat 1003 and the hook 1002 to slightly displace, so that the steel needle attached to the inner wall of the hook 1002 is disengaged to complete the force removal.

Further, for a patient with both legs fractured, two sets of rehabilitation training modules 1 with traction modules 2 can be used simultaneously as shown in fig. 12, and the use method is as described above.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications without creative efforts from the above-described conception and fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a orthopedics traction training device is used in postoperative rehabilitation, includes rehabilitation training module (1), traction module (2), short flat board (3), hand wheel (4), is provided with long flat board (5) of supporting pad (6), its characterized in that: the short flat plate (3) and the long flat plate (5) are respectively detachably arranged at two sides of the rehabilitation training module (1); the section of the short flat plate (3) is rectangular or fan-shaped; the rehabilitation training module (1) also comprises a sliding component (7), a supporting component (8) and a regulating component (9); the regulating and controlling component (9) is slidably arranged on the sliding component (7); the first end of the supporting component (8) is rotatably arranged on the sliding component (7); the second end of the supporting component (8) is slidably arranged on the regulating component (9); the adjusting and controlling component (9) is provided with a spring telescopic mechanism for adjusting the elasticity through a spiral mechanism; the traction module (2) is detachably mounted on the support component (8); the traction module (2) is provided with a traction assembly (10); a differential screw mechanism for applying traction force is arranged on the traction assembly (10); the traction assembly (10) is also provided with a clutch type multi-thread screw mechanism for unloading force; the hand wheel (4) is detachably butted with the sliding component (7) or the traction component (10); the hand wheel (4) is used for rotationally driving the sliding component (7) or the traction component (10).

2. The orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation of claim 1, wherein: the sliding assembly (7) comprises a first bottom frame (701), a first bevel gear shaft (702), a second bevel gear shaft (703), a first guide rod (704), a first lead screw (705), a support (706), a first guide rail (707), a dial (708), a slide rail (709) and a first joint (710); two first guide rods (704) are fixedly arranged on the first bottom frame (701); the first lead screw (705) is hinged on the first bottom frame (701); a first bevel gear shaft (702) is fixedly arranged on a first lead screw (705); two second bevel gear shafts (703) are hinged on two sides of the first bottom frame (701); the bevel teeth on the second bevel gear shaft (703) are meshed with the bevel teeth on the first bevel gear shaft (702); each second bevel gear shaft (703) is fixedly provided with a first joint (710); the first joint (710) is used for butting the hand wheel (4); two sides of the first bottom frame (701) are respectively and fixedly provided with a sliding rail (709); the sliding rail (709) is used for being connected with the short flat plate (3) or the long flat plate (5) in a sliding way; two supports (706) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the first bottom frame (701); each support (706) is provided with a dial (708) and a first guide rail (707); the two track surfaces of the first guide rail (707) are coaxial cylindrical surfaces, and the value range of the central angle is 0-65 degrees.

3. The orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation of claim 2, wherein: the supporting component (8) comprises a second bottom frame (801), a guide block (802), a vertical plate (803), a first spring (804), a second guide rod (805), a first sliding table (806), a supporting seat (807) and a second support column (808); two second guide rods (805) are fixedly arranged in the second bottom frame (801); the first sliding table (806) is slidably arranged on the two second guide rods (805); two sides of each second guide rod (805) are respectively sleeved with a first spring (804); two sides of each first spring (804) are respectively in contact fit with the second bottom frame (801) and the first sliding table (806); four corners of the first sliding table (806) are respectively fixedly provided with a supporting seat (807); two second pillars (808) are respectively and fixedly arranged at two sides of the second bottom frame (801); the two vertical plates (803) are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the second bottom frame (801); the vertical plate (803) is in sliding fit with the support (706); each vertical plate (803) is fixedly provided with a guide block (802); the guide block (802) is used for being rotatably connected with the first guide rail (707), and the central angle occupied by the guide block (802) in the first guide rail (707) is not more than 5 degrees.

4. The orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation of claim 3, wherein: the adjusting and controlling assembly (9) comprises a sliding plate (901), a supporting plate (902), a second guide rail (903), a push plate (904), a first support (905), a third guide rod (906), a second lead screw (907), a second sliding table (908), a butterfly knob (909) and a second spring (910); the sliding plate (901) is slidably arranged on the two first guide rods (704); the middle part of the sliding plate (901) is matched with a first lead screw (705) to form a screw mechanism; two ends of the sliding plate (901) are respectively hinged with a supporting plate (902); two ends of the sliding plate (901) are respectively fixedly provided with a push plate (904); the push plate (904) is used for supporting the supporting plate (902); a second guide rail (903) is arranged on the supporting plate (902); the second guide rail (903) is used for being in sliding fit with the second strut (808); a first bracket (905) is fixedly arranged on each push plate (904); a second sliding table (908) is slidably arranged on each first support (905); each second sliding table (908) is fixedly provided with a third guide rod (906); the third guide rod (906) is in sliding fit with the first bracket (905); each second sliding table (908) is hinged with a second lead screw (907); the second lead screw (907) is matched with the first bracket (905) to form a screw mechanism; each second lead screw (907) is fixedly provided with a butterfly knob (909); two second springs (910) are provided, and two ends of each second spring (910) are respectively hinged to the supporting plate (902) and the second sliding table (908); the supporting plate (902), the second spring (910) and the second sliding table (908) form a spring telescopic mechanism.

5. The orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation of claim 4, wherein: the center line of the second guide rail (903) is composed of a section of circular arc and a straight line section tangent to the circular arc.

6. The orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation of claim 5, wherein: the outer surface of the supporting plate (902) comprises a cylindrical surface and a plane surface which are equidistant with the track surface of the second guide rail (903), and the plane surface is used for being attached to the plane surface on the push plate (904).

7. The orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation of claim 6, wherein: the included angle between the plane of the push plate (904) jointed with the support plate (902) and the sickbed surface is 15-75 degrees.

8. The orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation of claim 7, wherein: the traction module (2) further comprises a bracket (201), a lining plate (202), a bandage (203), a lock ring (204), a first strut (205) and a lock catch (206); the lining plate (202) is fixedly arranged on the bracket (201); a row of locks (206) are arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the bracket (201); two first supporting columns (205) are fixedly mounted on two sides of the bracket (201), and the first supporting columns (205) are used for being matched with the supporting seat (807); a plurality of lock rings (204) are arranged on the bandage (203); the lock ring (204) is used for matching with the lock catch (206); two symmetrical lock catches (206) on two sides of the bracket (201) are provided with a bandage (203).

9. The orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation of claim 8, wherein: the differential screw mechanism arranged on the traction assembly (10) comprises a bottom plate (1001), a second support (1012), a movable nut (1013), a second joint (1014), a first screw rod (1015), a fixed nut (1016) and a second screw rod (1017); the bottom plate (1001) is fixedly connected with the bracket (201); the fixed nut (1016) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1001); the movable nut (1013) is slidably mounted on the bottom plate (1001); the first screw (1015) is matched with the fixed nut (1016) to form a thread pair; the second screw (1017) is fixedly arranged on the first screw (1015); the second screw (1017) is matched with the movable nut (1013) to form a thread pair; the screw thread direction and the screw pitch of the first screw (1015) and the second screw (1017) are different; the second joint (1014) is fixedly arranged on the first screw rod (1015), and the second joint (1014) is used for butting the hand wheel (4); the second bracket (1012) is fixedly arranged on the movable nut (1013); two ends of the second bracket (1012) are respectively provided with a clutch type multi-thread screw mechanism.

10. The orthopedic traction training device for postoperative rehabilitation of claim 9, wherein: the clutch type multi-thread screw mechanism comprises a hook (1002), a locking seat (1003), a locking pin (1004), a fourth guide rod (1005), a multi-thread screw rod (1006), a sleeve (1007), a multi-thread nut (1008), a shaft sleeve (1009), a third spring (1010) and a fifth guide rod (1011); the sleeve (1007) and the fifth guide rod (1011) are respectively and fixedly connected with the second bracket (1012); the shaft sleeve (1009) is slidably mounted on the fifth guide rod (1011); the third spring (1010) is sleeved on the fifth guide rod (1011); two ends of the third spring (1010) are respectively fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve (1009) and the second bracket (1012); an internal spline (1019) is arranged in the shaft sleeve (1009); the multi-thread nut (1008) is hinged on the fifth guide rod (1011); an external spline (1018) is arranged outside the multi-thread nut (1008); a multi-thread internal thread (1020) is arranged in the multi-thread nut (1008); the external spline (1018) is in sliding fit with the internal spline (1019); a fourth guide rod (1005) and a multi-thread screw (1006) are fixedly arranged on the locking seat (1003); the fourth guide rod (1005) is arranged in the sleeve (1007) in a sliding way; the multi-thread screw (1006) is inserted into the multi-thread nut (1008); a multi-thread external thread (1021) is arranged on the multi-thread screw (1006); the multi-thread external thread (1021) is matched with the multi-thread internal thread (1020); the locking seat (1003) is detachably provided with a hook (1002) and a locking pin (1004); the locking pin (1004) is inserted into the locking seat (1003) and the hook (1002) at the same time.

Images