CN114339296A - Method and device for transmitting media stream and media system - Google Patents
Method and device for transmitting media stream and media system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114339296A CN114339296A CN202210197233.XA CN202210197233A CN114339296A CN 114339296 A CN114339296 A CN 114339296A CN 202210197233 A CN202210197233 A CN 202210197233A CN 114339296 A CN114339296 A CN 114339296A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the specification provides a method, a device and a media system for transmitting a media stream, wherein the method for transmitting the media stream comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a client side obtains an identifier of a media stream to be played, the client side sends a pull stream request and pause information aiming at the identifier to a server, the pull stream request enables the server and the client side to be established and kept connected, the pause information enables the server to pause sending the identified media stream to the client side, the client side initializes a decoder, the client side responds to playing operation of the identified media stream and sends an activation request to the server through the connection, and the activation request enables the server to send the identified media stream to the client side.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the specification relates to the technical field of internet, in particular to a method, a device and a media system for transmitting a media stream.
Background
Media streaming is a technology for playing streaming media on the internet by adopting a streaming transmission mode. For example, the network video live broadcasting system can compress the audio or video signals of the activity site according to the requirements of the client, transmit the compressed audio or video signals to the multimedia server, and provide the audio or video signals for the broad masses of net friends or authorized specific people to listen to or watch the audio or video signals through the mode of transmitting the live broadcasting stream on the internet.
In a media stream playing scene, it takes a while until a viewer starts playing and sees a picture. This time consumption reduces the viewer's playing experience and slows the first screen presentation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiments of the present specification provide a method for transmitting a media stream. One or more embodiments of the present specification relate to an apparatus, a media system, a computing device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program for transmitting a media stream, so as to solve technical deficiencies of the related art.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present specification, there is provided a method for transmitting a media stream, which is applied to a client, and includes: acquiring an identifier of a media stream to be played; sending a pull stream request and pause information aiming at the identification to a server, wherein the pull stream request enables the server to establish and maintain connection with the client, and the pause information enables the server to pause sending the identified media stream to the client; initializing a decoder; and responding to the playing operation of the identified media stream, and sending an activation request to the server through the connection, wherein the activation request enables the server to send the identified media stream to the client.
Optionally, the server is an edge node in a media system, and the media system further includes a media server; the sending a pull flow request for the identification to a server includes: and sending a stream pulling request for the identifier to the edge node, wherein the stream pulling request enables the edge node to establish the connection between the media server and the client, pull the identified media stream from the media server, and send the data of the media stream to the client. The initialization decoder includes: initializing a decoder in response to receiving data of the media stream from the edge node. The sending pause information for the identification to a server comprises: in response to receiving the data of the media stream from the edge node, sending a pause request for the identifier to the edge node through the connection, where the pause request carries the pause information, and causing the edge node to pause sending the data of the media stream to the client while maintaining the connection.
Optionally, the server is an edge node in a media system, and the media system further includes a media server. The sending, to a server, a pull flow request and pause information for the identification includes: sending a pull stream request for the identifier to the edge node, wherein the pull stream request carries the pause information to enable the edge node to establish the connection between the server and the client, and pausing the sending of the data of the media stream to the client according to the pause information while maintaining the connection. The initialization decoder includes: initializing a decoder in response to establishing the connection with the edge node.
Optionally, the obtaining an identifier of a media stream to be played includes: and triggering the playing of the media stream according to the fact that the client supports the screen-swiping gesture operation, and acquiring the identifier of the media stream to be played by the client under the condition that the screen-swiping gesture operation occurs.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, there is provided an apparatus for transmitting a media stream, configured at a client, including: an obtaining module configured to obtain an identification of a media stream to be played. A pull flow module configured to send a pull flow request for the identification and pause information to a server, the pull flow request causing the server to establish and maintain a connection with the client, the pause information causing the server to pause sending the identified media flow to the client. An initialization module configured to initialize a decoder. An activation module configured to send an activation request to the server over the connection in response to a play operation of the identified media stream, the activation request causing the server to send the identified media stream to the client.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, there is provided a method for transmitting a media stream, which is applied to a server, and includes: responding to a pull stream request received from a client, and establishing and maintaining connection with the client, wherein the pull stream request is correspondingly sent to a server after the client acquires an identifier of a media stream to be played; pausing the transmission of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with pause information for the identification received from the client; transmitting data of the identified media stream to the client in response to receiving an activation request from the client, wherein the activation request is transmitted by the client to the server over the connection in response to a play operation of the identified media stream.
Optionally, the server is an edge node in a media system, and the media system further includes a media server; the establishing and maintaining a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client comprises: and responding to a pull stream request received from a client, establishing the connection between the media server and the client, pulling the identified media stream from the media server, and sending the data of the media stream to the client. The suspending sending of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with the suspension information for the identification received from the client comprises: and in response to receiving a pause request from the client, pausing the transmission of the data of the media stream to the client while maintaining the connection according to pause information aiming at the identification carried by the pause request.
Optionally, the server is an edge node in a media system, and the media system further includes a media server; the establishing and maintaining a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client comprises: in response to receiving a pull stream request from a client, establishing a connection of the media server with the client. The suspending sending of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with the suspension information for the identification received from the client comprises: and according to pause information aiming at the identifier carried by the pull stream request, pausing the sending of the data of the media stream to the client according to the pause information while maintaining the connection.
Optionally, the method further comprises: in the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, in response to receiving a stream pulling request for the identifier sent by other clients, pulling the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server, and sending the identified media stream to the other clients; or, in the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, pulling the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server, and sending the identified media stream to the other client in response to receiving a stream pulling request for the identifier sent by the other client.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided an apparatus for transmitting a media stream, configured at a server, including: the connection module is configured to respond to a pull stream request received from a client, and establish and maintain connection with the client, wherein the pull stream request is correspondingly sent to a server after the client acquires the identification of the media stream to be played. A pause module configured to pause sending the identified media stream to the client in accordance with pause information received from the client for the identification. A sending module configured to send data of the identified media stream to the client in response to receiving an activation request from the client, wherein the activation request is sent by the client to the server over the connection in response to a play operation of the identified media stream.
According to a fifth aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided a media system comprising: the client is configured to acquire an identifier of a media stream to be played, send a pull stream request and pause information aiming at the identifier to the server, initialize a decoder, and send an activation request to the server through the connection in response to a playing operation of the identified media stream. A server configured to establish and maintain a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client, suspend sending of the identified media stream to the client according to suspension information for the identification received from the client, and send data of the identified media stream to the client in response to receiving an activation request from the client.
According to a sixth aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided a computing device comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory is for storing computer-executable instructions for execution by the processor, which when executed by the processor, implement the steps of any embodiment of a method of transmitting a media stream for application to a client or a method of transmitting a media stream for application to a server.
According to a seventh aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of any embodiment of a method of transmitting a media stream applied to a client or a method of transmitting a media stream applied to a server.
According to an eighth aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the steps of any of the embodiments of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client or the method for implementing a media stream applied to a server as described above.
One embodiment of the present specification implements a method for transmitting a media stream, in which a client acquires an identifier of a media stream to be played, sends a pull request and pause information for the identifier to a server, the server establishes and maintains a connection with the client and pauses sending the identified media stream to the client, the client initializes a decoder, the client responds to a play operation of the identified media stream and sends an activation request to the server through the connection, the activation request causes the server to send the identified media stream to the client, and therefore, the client of the method establishes and maintains a connection with the server in advance before a formal play, which not only saves time for establishing a connection, media concatenation, and client initialization, but also saves time for transferring the media stream to the client due to pausing, the client does not need to waste bandwidth of media transmission, the connection is kept only by almost negligible extra bandwidth, and the time consumed by the first frame is reduced, the playing experience of audiences is improved and the first screen picture is displayed quickly on the basis of the pre-established connection and initialization during formal playing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a media system provided in one embodiment of the present description;
fig. 3 is a schematic information interaction diagram of a method for transmitting a media stream according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting a media stream configured at a client according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting a media stream configured at a client according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting a media stream applied to a server according to an embodiment of the present specification;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting a media stream configured in a server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a media system provided in one embodiment of the present description;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present description. This description may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, as those skilled in the art will be able to make and use the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
The terminology used in the description of the one or more embodiments is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description of the one or more embodiments. As used in one or more embodiments of the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in one or more embodiments of the present specification refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein in one or more embodiments to describe various information, these information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, a first can also be referred to as a second and, similarly, a second can also be referred to as a first without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present description. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
First, the noun terms to which one or more embodiments of the present specification relate are explained.
The first frame is time-consuming: the player initiates a live broadcast request to the live broadcast system and receives the time consumption of the first key frame.
url: the identification of the media stream may be, for example, an identification of a live stream, a anchor and a url.
In this specification, a method of transmitting a media stream is provided, and the specification also relates to an apparatus for transmitting a media stream, a media system, a computing device, and a computer-readable storage medium, which are described in detail in the following embodiments one by one.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes the following steps.
Step 102: an identification of a media stream to be played is obtained.
The obtaining mode is not limited, and the media stream that the client will see can be predicted according to any information related to the media stream of the client under the actual application scene. The media stream may be understood as an audio stream or a video stream. For example, the obtaining the identifier of the media stream to be played may include: and triggering the playing of the media stream according to the fact that the client supports the screen-swiping gesture operation, and acquiring the identifier of the media stream to be played by the client under the condition that the screen-swiping gesture operation occurs. For another example, the list of loaded media streams may be obtained when the client loads for the first time, or obtained according to a live-air list displayed by the client.
In a live scene, one identifier of the media stream may be an identifier of a live stream, which is usually a url of a main broadcast.
Step 104: and sending a pull stream request and pause information aiming at the identifier to a server, wherein the pull stream request enables the server to establish and maintain connection with the client, and the pause information enables the server to pause sending the identified media stream to the client.
The pull stream refers to a process in which media streams are stored in a server, each of the media streams has an identifier, and the media streams are read according to different network protocol types (such as RTMP, RTSP, HTTP, and the like), and is called as a pull stream. A pull request is a read request for a media stream. The pause information refers to a specific signaling message which is carried in the request and represents pause. For example, the client may send a pause request after obtaining sufficient information, such as video heads, based on a subscription to the media stream. As another example, the pause information may cause the server to actively pause sending the media stream to the client after sending the video header, such as the first frame.
Step 106: the decoder is initialized.
The initialization decoder is an initialization process performed by the client to play the media stream, and may be specifically set according to the needs of the decoder. For example, the initialization decoder may include: video attributes such as width, height, sps (Sequence parameter Set), pps (Picture parameter Set), and the like are acquired, and a decoder is created according to the video attributes. For example, in some embodiments, since some decoding resources require the first IDR or a sequence of several frames to perform resource initialization, and the first frame includes some resources required by the first frame, the speed of the decoder can be increased by acquiring the first frame, i.e., the first IDR frame. Specifically, for example, in order to optimize the decoder in the use stage, the IDR frame of the video data stream may be transmitted to the client first in the signaling transmitted from the server to the client, and then the transmission is stopped, so that the decoder is fully prepared and the warming-up effect is achieved.
Step 108: and responding to the playing operation of the identified media stream, and sending an activation request to the server through the connection, wherein the activation request enables the server to send the identified media stream to the client.
The connection establishment refers to establishing connection channels to form a cascade. After the connection channel is available, the media stream may be transmitted or suspended as desired. The activation request is to carry a specific signaling message indicating activation.
Because the client acquires the identifier of the media stream to be played, sends a pull request and pause information aiming at the identifier to the server, the server establishes and maintains connection with the client and pauses the sending of the identified media stream to the client, the client initializes the decoder, the client responds to the playing operation of the identified media stream and sends an activation request to the server through the connection, the activation request enables the server to send the identified media stream to the client, therefore, the client of the method establishes and maintains connection with the server in advance before formal playing, not only can save the time consumption of establishing connection, media cascade connection and client initialization during the formal playing, but also does not need to waste the bandwidth of media transmission because the media stream is transmitted to the client in a pause way, the connection is kept only by the almost negligible extra bandwidth, the connection is activated during formal playing, the time consumed by the first frame is reduced through the pre-established connection and initialization, the playing experience of audiences is improved, and the first screen picture is displayed quickly.
In the method provided in the embodiment of the present specification, the client may directly establish communication with the media server, or establish communication with the media server through the edge node, and may specifically be implemented according to an architecture of the media system.
For example, in an embodiment in which the client establishes a direct connection communication with the media server, the client pulls a stream to the media server in advance, and then immediately stops pulling the stream, the media server keeps the internal connection from being disconnected, because the transmission of the media stream to the client is suspended, the client does not need to have bandwidth waste of media transmission, the connection only needs almost negligible extra bandwidth, time consumed by the first frame is reduced, the playing experience of the audience is improved, and the first screen image appears quickly.
For another example, in an embodiment where the client establishes a connection communication with the media server through an edge node, the server is an edge node in the media system, and the media system further includes the media server. The transmission mode provided by the media server is not limited, for example, in a live application scene, live streaming can be adopted to transmit live streaming in real time, and the method is suitable for a live scene.
Taking the media system shown in fig. 2 as an example, the media system may include: the edge nodes are shown as L1-A, L1-B, L1-C in FIG. 2, the area nodes are shown as L2-A, L2-B in FIG. 2, and the media server is shown as the Center in FIG. 2. Wherein:
the media server is a distributing terminal of the media stream, and after the provider of the media stream uploads the media stream to the media server, the media stream is distributed to each client by the media server.
The region node may be configured to cache data of the media stream. The media system may be provided with or without area nodes, or the edge nodes may implement a caching function.
The edge node may be configured to pull or push a media stream from or to the media server through the area node, and interact with the client side with data of the media stream. The edge nodes are also commonly referred to as project side servers.
The Center shown in fig. 2 may further provide any functions that need to be provided by a media server, such as screenshot, AI, transcoding, and recording, according to the application scenario needs.
Based on the system architecture shown in fig. 2, in one or more embodiments of the present specification, the sending, to the server, a pull request for the identifier includes: and sending a stream pulling request for the identifier to the edge node, wherein the stream pulling request enables the edge node to establish the connection between the media server and the client, pull the identified media stream from the media server, and send the data of the media stream to the client. The initialization decoder includes: initializing a decoder in response to receiving data of the media stream from the edge node. The sending pause information for the identification to a server comprises: in response to receiving the data of the media stream from the edge node, sending a pause request for the identifier to the edge node through the connection, where the pause request carries the pause information, and causing the edge node to pause sending the data of the media stream to the client while maintaining the connection.
It will be appreciated that it is possible for the server to pause sending the media stream only for the client that issued the pause request. For media transmission between the edge node and the media server, during the period of suspending sending to the client, the edge node may continue to pull the stream for the identified media stream, and may also suspend the pull stream.
For example: in the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, the edge node may, in response to receiving a stream pulling request for the identifier sent by another client, pull the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server, and send the identified media stream to the other client. In this embodiment, if no real user needs to consume the live stream downstream, the media stream is not transmitted inside the server, that is, between the media server and the edge node, and the media transmission can be activated inside the server as long as a real user needs to consume the media downstream.
For another example, the edge node may continue to pull the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server during the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, and the edge node sends the identified media stream to the other client in response to receiving a pull request for the identifier sent by the other client.
In the embodiment, after the client pulls the stream in advance, the edge node is triggered to pause the data of the media stream sent to the client by sending the pause request, the edge node keeps the connection and does not break, the client replaces the client to continuously initiate the pull stream to preheat the media stream, and the media is preheated to the edge of the media server, so that once the client activates formal play, the media stream can be sent to the client in time through the edge node, and the time consumed by the first frame is greatly reduced.
Based on the system architecture shown in fig. 2, in another or more embodiments of the present specification, the sending, to the server, the pull request and the pause information for the identification includes: sending a pull stream request for the identifier to the edge node, wherein the pull stream request carries the pause information to enable the edge node to establish the connection between the server and the client, and pausing the sending of the data of the media stream to the client according to the pause information while maintaining the connection. The initialization decoder includes: initializing a decoder in response to establishing the connection with the edge node.
In the above embodiment, when the client sends the pull stream request, the pull stream request carries the specific information of the pause information at the same time, so that the edge node can distinguish the client from the normally played client, after the connection is established, the sending of the data of the media stream to the client is automatically paused, the network request times of the client are reduced, the edge node keeps the connection and is not disconnected, the client is replaced to continuously initiate the pull stream to preheat the media stream, the media is preheated to the edge of the media server, and once the client activates the formal play, the media stream can be sent to the client in time through the edge node, thereby reducing the time consumed by the first frame.
It should be noted that, in practical application, according to the requirement of the client for initialization in an application scenario, the edge node may further provide relevant parameters or data required for initialization for the client before the client formally plays, which is not described herein again.
Taking the application of the method for transmitting the media stream provided by the specification in live broadcasting as an example: the client system can obtain the next occurring live broadcast room url in a screen or other scene, which is assumed to be x. The client initiates a pull request with the media server in advance for x. And the media server receives a pull stream request aiming at x, initiates an internal connection and starts to output the data of the live stream to the client. The client receives the data of the live stream and initializes the decoder. The client side initiates a pause request to the media server in the same network connection, the media server receives the x pause request and stops sending the data of the live stream to the client side, but the connection is not disconnected. The audience operates the screen at the client, starts to formally watch the live broadcast x, and the client correspondingly initiates an activation request aiming at the x to the media server in the original network connection. The media server activates x inside the media network in response to receiving an activation request for x, and starts sending data of a live stream of x to the client. In the process, the client saves the time consumed by connection cascade when the live broadcast is formally played, the upstream can directly respond to the activation request to start transmitting the real-time live broadcast stream, and the audience sees the media content and the pictures output by the media server.
The following describes the method for transmitting a media stream further based on the application of the system architecture shown in fig. 2 in live broadcast, with reference to fig. 3. Fig. 3 shows an information interaction diagram of a method for transmitting a media stream according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes the following steps.
Step 302: the client acquires the address x of the incoming live broadcast.
Step 304: the client initiates a pull request for x to an edge node such as L1-B.
Step 306: the edge node L1-B sends a pull stream request to the media server Center, establishes the connection of the client-L1-B-L2-B-Center, and realizes the pre-established connection.
Step 308: the media server, namely the Center, issues the data of the live broadcast stream to the L2-B, issues the data to the edge node L1-B through the L2-B, and then sends the data to the client through the L1-B.
Step 310: the client sends pause information to L1-B in response to receiving the data.
Step 312: L1-B pauses the pull to the client in response to the pause information, but maintains the connection established in step 304 and continues to pull from the Center to get the data updated from the live stream, with the effect of warming to the edge.
Step 314: the client sends an activation request for x to L1-B in response to the formal play operation.
Step 316: L1-B sends live stream updated data directly to the client in response to receiving a client activation request for x.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the client may initiate a pull stream to the media server in advance, the edge node implemented by the server deployed by the project party pulls the live stream from the media server correspondingly, the client stops pulling the stream immediately after starting to receive the data of the live stream, the media server keeps the internal connection from being disconnected, the edge node replaces the client to continue initiating the pull stream to the media server, and the media is preheated to the edge of the media server, so that not only can the time consumed by establishing connection, cascading inside the media system, and initializing the client be saved, but also the bandwidth waste of live stream transmission is not needed, and the connection is kept only with an extra bandwidth which can be ignored. And under the condition that the scene of the next live broadcast watching room can be obtained, the time consumption of the first frame is reduced.
Corresponding to the above method embodiments, this specification further provides an embodiment of an apparatus configured at a client for transmitting a media stream, and fig. 4 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting a media stream according to an embodiment of this specification. As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus includes:
the obtaining module 402 may be configured to obtain an identification of a media stream to be played.
A pull module 404, which may be configured to send a pull request for the identification to a server, the pull request causing the server to establish and maintain a connection with the client, and pause information causing the server to pause sending the identified media stream to the client.
An initialization module 406 may be configured to initialize the decoder.
An activation module 408 may be configured to send an activation request to the server over the connection in response to a play operation of the identified media stream, the activation request causing the server to send the identified media stream to the client.
Because the client configured with the device acquires the identifier of the media stream to be played, sends a pull request and pause information aiming at the identifier to the server, the server establishes and maintains connection with the client and pauses the sending of the identified media stream to the client, the client initializes the decoder, the client responds to the playing operation of the identified media stream and sends an activation request to the server through the connection, the activation request enables the server to send the identified media stream to the client, therefore, the client of the method establishes and maintains connection with the server in advance before formal playing, not only can save the time consumption of establishing connection, media cascade connection and client initialization during the formal playing, but also does not need to waste the bandwidth of media transmission because the media stream is transmitted to the client in a pause way, the connection is kept only by the almost negligible extra bandwidth, the time consumption of the first frame is reduced, the playing experience of audiences is improved, and the first screen picture appears quickly.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an apparatus for transmitting a media stream according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the server is an edge node in a media system, and the media system further includes a media server. Specifically, the pull module 404 may include:
the pull flow sub-module 4042 may be configured to send a pull flow request for the identifier to the edge node, where the pull flow request causes the edge node to establish a connection between the media server and the client, pull the identified media flow from the media server, and send data of the media flow to the client.
A pause submodule 4044, which may be configured to, in response to receiving the data of the media stream from the edge node, send a pause request for the identification to the edge node over the connection, the pause request carrying the pause information, and cause the edge node to pause sending the data of the media stream to the client while maintaining the connection.
Accordingly, the initialization module 406 may be configured to initialize a decoder in response to receiving data of the media stream from the edge node.
In another embodiment or multiple embodiments, the pull flow module 404 may be configured to send a pull flow request for the identifier to the edge node, where the pull flow request carries the suspension information to enable the edge node to establish a connection between the server and the client, and suspend sending data of the media stream to the client according to the suspension information while maintaining the connection. Accordingly, the decoding sub-module 4044 may be configured to initialize a decoder in response to establishing the connection with the edge node.
The foregoing is a schematic diagram of an apparatus configured to transmit a media stream at a client according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of the apparatus for transmitting a media stream belongs to the same concept as the above technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the client, and details of the technical solution of the apparatus for transmitting a media stream, which are not described in detail, can be referred to the above description of the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream.
Corresponding to the above method embodiments, the present specification further provides a method embodiment of transmitting a media stream applied to a server, and fig. 6 shows a flowchart of a method of transmitting a media stream applied to a server, which is provided by an embodiment of the present specification, and specifically includes the following steps.
Step 602: and responding to a pull stream request received from a client, and establishing and maintaining connection with the client, wherein the pull stream request is correspondingly sent to a server after the client acquires the identification of the media stream to be played.
Step 604: pausing the sending of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with pause information received from the client for the identification.
Step 606: transmitting data of the identified media stream to the client in response to receiving an activation request from the client, wherein the activation request is transmitted by the client to the server over the connection in response to a play operation of the identified media stream.
Because the client acquires the identifier of the media stream to be played, sends a pull request and pause information aiming at the identifier to the server, the server establishes and maintains connection with the client and pauses the sending of the identified media stream to the client, the client initializes the decoder, the client responds to the playing operation of the identified media stream and sends an activation request to the server through the connection, the activation request enables the server to send the identified media stream to the client, therefore, the client of the method establishes and maintains connection with the server in advance before formal playing, not only can save the time consumption of establishing connection, media cascade connection and client initialization during the formal playing, but also does not need to waste the bandwidth of media transmission because the media stream is transmitted to the client in a pause way, the connection is kept only by the almost negligible extra bandwidth, the time consumption of the first frame is reduced, the playing experience of audiences is improved, and the first screen picture appears quickly.
In the method provided in the embodiment of the present specification, the client may directly establish communication with the media server, or establish communication with the media server through the edge node, and may specifically be implemented according to an architecture of the media system.
In the embodiment that the client establishes connection communication with the media server through the edge node, the server is the edge node in the media system, and the media system further comprises the media server.
For example, in one or more embodiments, the establishing and maintaining a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client comprises: and responding to a pull stream request received from a client, establishing the connection between the media server and the client, pulling the identified media stream from the media server, and sending the data of the media stream to the client. The suspending sending of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with the suspension information for the identification received from the client comprises: and in response to receiving a pause request from the client, pausing the transmission of the data of the media stream to the client while maintaining the connection according to pause information aiming at the identification carried by the pause request.
For another example, in one or more embodiments, the establishing and maintaining a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client comprises: in response to receiving a pull stream request from a client, establishing a connection of the media server with the client. The suspending sending of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with the suspension information for the identification received from the client comprises: and according to pause information aiming at the identifier carried by the pull stream request, pausing the sending of the data of the media stream to the client according to the pause information while maintaining the connection.
It will be appreciated that it is only for the server that the media stream is paused for the client that issued the pause request. For media transmission between the edge node and the media server, during the period of suspending sending to the client, the edge node may continue to pull the stream for the identified media stream, and may also suspend the pull stream.
For example, the method may further comprise:
in the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, in response to receiving a stream pulling request for the identifier sent by other clients, pulling the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server, and sending the identified media stream to the other clients;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and in the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, pulling the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server, and sending the identified media stream to other clients in response to receiving a stream pulling request for the identifier sent by other clients.
In the embodiment, after the client pulls the stream in advance, the edge node is triggered to pause the data of the media stream sent to the client by sending the pause request, the edge node keeps the connection and does not break, the client replaces the client to continuously initiate the pull stream to preheat the media stream, and the media is preheated to the edge of the media server, so that once the client activates formal play, the media stream can be sent to the client in time through the edge node, and the time consumed by the first frame is greatly reduced.
The foregoing is an exemplary scheme of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a server according to the embodiment. It should be noted that, the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the server and the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the client belong to the same concept, and details of the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the server, which are not described in detail, can be referred to the description of the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the client.
Corresponding to the above method embodiments, this specification further provides an embodiment of an apparatus configured to transmit a media stream at a server, and fig. 7 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting a media stream according to an embodiment of this specification. As shown in fig. 7, the apparatus may include:
the connection module 702 may be configured to establish and maintain a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client, where the pull request is sent to a server by the client after obtaining an identification of a media stream to be played.
A pause module 704 configured to pause sending the identified media stream to the client in accordance with pause information received from the client for the identification.
A sending module 706 configured to send data of the identified media stream to the client in response to receiving an activation request from the client, wherein the activation request is sent by the client to the server over the connection in response to a play operation of the identified media stream.
Because the client acquires the identifier of the media stream to be played, sends a pull stream request and pause information aiming at the identifier to the server, the server establishes and maintains connection with the client, and pauses the sending of the identified media stream to the client, the client initializes the decoder, the client responds to the playing operation of the identified media stream, and sends an activation request to the server through the connection, the activation request enables the server to send the identified media stream to the client, therefore, the client of the method establishes and maintains connection with the server in advance before formal playing, not only can save the time consumption of establishing connection, media cascade connection and client initialization during the formal playing, but also can avoid the bandwidth waste of media transmission because the client suspends the transmission of the media stream to the client, the connection is kept only by the almost negligible extra bandwidth, the time consumption of the first frame is reduced, the playing experience of audiences is improved, and the first screen picture appears quickly.
Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for transmitting a media stream, where the server is an edge node in a media system, and the media system further includes a media server.
For example, the connection module 702 may be configured to establish a connection between the media server and a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client, pull the identified media stream from the media server, and send data of the media stream to the client. The suspending module 704 may be configured to, in response to receiving a suspending request from the client, suspend sending data of the media stream to the client while maintaining the connection according to suspending information for the identifier carried by the suspending request.
As another example, the connection module 702 may be configured to establish a connection of the media server with a client in response to receiving a pull stream request from the client. The suspending module 704 may be configured to suspend, according to the suspension information for the identifier carried in the pull stream request, sending data of the media stream to the client according to the suspension information while maintaining the connection.
In addition, the sending module 706 may be further configured to, in the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, in response to receiving a stream pulling request for the identifier sent by another client, pull the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server, and send the identified media stream to the other client;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and in the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, pulling the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server, and sending the identified media stream to other clients in response to receiving a stream pulling request for the identifier sent by other clients.
The foregoing is an exemplary scheme of the apparatus configured to transmit a media stream in a server according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of the apparatus for transmitting a media stream configured in the server and the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the client belong to the same concept, and for details that are not described in detail, reference may be made to the above description of the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the client.
Corresponding to the above method embodiment, this specification further provides a media system embodiment, and fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a media system provided in an embodiment of this specification. As shown in fig. 8, the media system may include:
the client 802, which may be configured to obtain an identification of a media stream to be played, send a pull request and pause information for the identification to a server, initialize a decoder, and send an activation request to the server over the connection in response to a play operation for the identified media stream.
A server 804, which may be configured to establish and maintain a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client, suspend sending of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with suspension information received from the client for the identification, and send data of the identified media stream to the client in response to receiving an activation request from the client.
The client 802 and the server 804 shown in fig. 8 are only used for schematic illustration of the media system provided by the embodiments of the present specification. The client 802 can be a running on any possible electronic device and the server 804 can be a physical or virtual server. The specific implementation of the server 804 is not limiting. For example, in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the server 804 may be an edge node server in a media system as shown in fig. 2.
Because the client in the system acquires the identifier of the media stream to be played, sends a pull request and pause information aiming at the identifier to the server, so that the server establishes and keeps connection with the client, and pauses the sending of the identified media stream to the client, the client initializes the decoder, the client responds to the playing operation of the identified media stream and sends an activation request to the server through the connection, and the activation request enables the server to send the identified media stream to the client, therefore, the client of the method establishes and keeps connection with the server in advance before formal playing, not only can save the time consumption of establishing connection, media cascade connection and client initialization during the formal playing, but also does not need to waste the bandwidth of media transmission because the media stream is transmitted to the client in a pause way, the connection is kept only by the almost negligible extra bandwidth, the time consumption of the first frame is reduced, the playing experience of audiences is improved, and the first screen picture appears quickly.
FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device 900 provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present specification. Components of the computing device 900 include, but are not limited to, a memory 910 and a processor 920. The processor 920 is coupled to the memory 910 via a bus 930, and a database 950 is used to store data.
Computing device 900 also includes access device 940, access device 940 enabling computing device 900 to communicate via one or more networks 960. Examples of such networks include the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Personal Area Network (PAN), or a combination of communication networks such as the internet. Access device 940 may include one or more of any type of network interface (e.g., a Network Interface Card (NIC)) whether wired or wireless, such as an IEEE802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) wireless interface, a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (Wi-MAX) interface, an ethernet interface, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a cellular network interface, a bluetooth interface, a Near Field Communication (NFC) interface, and so forth.
In one embodiment of the present description, the above-described components of computing device 900, as well as other components not shown in FIG. 9, may also be connected to each other, such as by a bus. It should be understood that the block diagram of the computing device architecture shown in FIG. 9 is for purposes of example only and is not limiting as to the scope of the description. Those skilled in the art may add or replace other components as desired.
Computing device 900 may be any type of stationary or mobile computing device, including a mobile computer or mobile computing device (e.g., tablet, personal digital assistant, laptop, notebook, netbook, etc.), a mobile phone (e.g., smartphone), a wearable computing device (e.g., smartwatch, smartglasses, etc.), or other type of mobile device, or a stationary computing device such as a desktop computer or PC. Computing device 900 may also be a mobile or stationary server.
Wherein the processor 920 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions, which when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client or the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a server.
The above is an illustrative scheme of a computing device of the present embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of the computing device and the above-mentioned technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client or the above-mentioned technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a server belong to the same concept, and details of the technical solution of the computing device, which are not described in detail, can be referred to the above-mentioned description of the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client or the above-mentioned technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a server.
An embodiment of the present specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which when executed by a processor, implement the above-mentioned steps of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client or the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a server.
The above is an illustrative scheme of a computer-readable storage medium of the present embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of the storage medium belongs to the same concept as the above-mentioned technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client or the above-mentioned technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a server, and for details that are not described in detail in the technical solution of the storage medium, reference may be made to the above-mentioned description of the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client or the above-mentioned technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a server.
An embodiment of the present specification further provides a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed in a computer, the computer program causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned method for transmitting a media stream applied to a client or the steps of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to a server.
The above is an illustrative scheme of a computer program of the present embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of the computer program is the same as the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the client or the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the server, and details of the technical solution of the computer program, which are not described in detail, can be referred to the description of the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the client or the technical solution of the method for transmitting a media stream applied to the server.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
The computer instructions comprise computer program code which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, or the like. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are described as a series of acts, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present embodiment is not limited by the described acts, because some steps may be performed in other sequences or simultaneously according to the present embodiment. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in this specification are preferred embodiments and that acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required for an embodiment of the specification.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The preferred embodiments of the present specification disclosed above are intended only to aid in the description of the specification. Alternative embodiments are not exhaustive and do not limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the embodiments. The specification is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (13)
1. A method for transmitting media stream, applied to a client, includes:
acquiring an identifier of a media stream to be played;
sending a pull stream request and pause information aiming at the identification to a server, wherein the pull stream request enables the server to establish and maintain connection with the client, and the pause information enables the server to pause sending the identified media stream to the client;
initializing a decoder;
and responding to the playing operation of the identified media stream, and sending an activation request to the server through the connection, wherein the activation request enables the server to send the identified media stream to the client.
2. The method of claim 1, the server being an edge node in a media system, the media system further comprising a media server;
the sending a pull flow request for the identification to a server includes:
sending a pull stream request for the identifier to the edge node, wherein the pull stream request enables the edge node to establish the connection between the media server and the client, pull the identified media stream from the media server, and send the data of the media stream to the client;
the initialization decoder includes:
initializing a decoder in response to receiving data of the media stream from the edge node;
the sending pause information for the identification to a server comprises:
in response to receiving the data of the media stream from the edge node, sending a pause request for the identifier to the edge node through the connection, where the pause request carries the pause information, and causing the edge node to pause sending the data of the media stream to the client while maintaining the connection.
3. The method of claim 1, the server being an edge node in a media system, the media system further comprising a media server;
the sending, to a server, a pull flow request and pause information for the identification includes:
sending a pull stream request for the identifier to the edge node, wherein the pull stream request carries the pause information to enable the edge node to establish the connection between the server and the client, and pause sending the data of the media stream to the client according to the pause information while maintaining the connection;
the initialization decoder includes:
initializing a decoder in response to establishing the connection with the edge node.
4. The method of claim 1, the obtaining an identification of a media stream to be played, comprising:
and triggering the playing of the media stream according to the fact that the client supports the screen-swiping gesture operation, and acquiring the identifier of the media stream to be played by the client under the condition that the screen-swiping gesture operation occurs.
5. An apparatus for transmitting a media stream, configured at a client, comprising:
the acquisition module is configured to acquire an identifier of a media stream to be played;
a pull flow module configured to send a pull flow request for the identification and pause information to a server, the pull flow request causing the server to establish and maintain a connection with the client, wherein the pause information causes the server to pause sending the identified media flow to the client;
an initialization module configured to initialize a decoder;
an activation module configured to send an activation request to the server over the connection in response to a play operation of the identified media stream, the activation request causing the server to send the identified media stream to the client.
6. A method for transmitting media stream, applied to a server, includes:
responding to a pull stream request received from a client, and establishing and maintaining connection with the client, wherein the pull stream request is correspondingly sent to a server after the client acquires an identifier of a media stream to be played;
pausing the transmission of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with pause information for the identification received from the client;
transmitting data of the identified media stream to the client in response to receiving an activation request from the client, wherein the activation request is transmitted by the client to the server over the connection in response to a play operation of the identified media stream.
7. The method of claim 6, the server being an edge node in a media system, the media system further comprising a media server;
the establishing and maintaining a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client comprises:
responding to a pull stream request received from a client, establishing the connection between the media server and the client, pulling the identified media stream from the media server, and sending the data of the media stream to the client;
the suspending sending of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with the suspension information for the identification received from the client comprises:
and in response to receiving a pause request from the client, pausing the transmission of the data of the media stream to the client while maintaining the connection according to pause information aiming at the identification carried by the pause request.
8. The method of claim 6, the server being an edge node in a media system, the media system further comprising a media server;
the establishing and maintaining a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client comprises:
in response to receiving a pull stream request from a client, establishing a connection of the media server with the client;
the suspending sending of the identified media stream to the client in accordance with the suspension information for the identification received from the client comprises:
and according to pause information aiming at the identifier carried by the pull stream request, pausing the sending of the data of the media stream to the client according to the pause information while maintaining the connection.
9. The method of any of claims 7 or 8, further comprising:
in the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, in response to receiving a stream pulling request for the identifier sent by other clients, pulling the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server, and sending the identified media stream to the other clients;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and in the process of suspending sending the media stream to the client, pulling the media stream corresponding to the identifier from the media server, and sending the identified media stream to other clients in response to receiving a stream pulling request for the identifier sent by other clients.
10. An apparatus for transmitting a media stream, configured in a server, comprising:
the connection module is configured to respond to a pull stream request received from a client, establish and maintain connection with the client, wherein the pull stream request is correspondingly sent to a server after the client acquires an identifier of a media stream to be played;
a pause module configured to pause sending the identified media stream to the client in accordance with pause information received from the client for the identification;
a sending module configured to send data of the identified media stream to the client in response to receiving an activation request from the client, wherein the activation request is sent by the client to the server over the connection in response to a play operation of the identified media stream.
11. A media system, comprising:
the client is configured to acquire an identifier of a media stream to be played, send a pull request and pause information aiming at the identifier to a server, wherein the pull request enables the server to establish and maintain a connection with the client, the pause information enables the server to pause sending the identified media stream to the client, initialize a decoder, and respond to a playing operation of the identified media stream and send an activation request to the server through the connection;
a server configured to establish and maintain a connection with a client in response to receiving a pull request from the client, suspend sending of the identified media stream to the client according to suspension information for the identification received from the client, and send data of the identified media stream to the client in response to receiving an activation request from the client.
12. A computing device, comprising:
a memory and a processor;
the memory is configured to store computer-executable instructions and the processor is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions, which when executed by the processor implement the steps of the method of transmitting a media stream according to any of claims 1-4 or 6-9.
13. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of the method of transmitting a media stream of any of claims 1-4 or 6-9.
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