CN114337228A - Air conditioner controller - Google Patents
Air conditioner controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN114337228A CN114337228A CN202210019185.5A CN202210019185A CN114337228A CN 114337228 A CN114337228 A CN 114337228A CN 202210019185 A CN202210019185 A CN 202210019185A CN 114337228 A CN114337228 A CN 114337228A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 102100036894 Protein patched homolog 2 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 101710161395 Protein patched homolog 2 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100522123 Caenorhabditis elegans ptc-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an air conditioner controller, which comprises a first rectifying unit, a PFC unit, a bus capacitor, an inverter unit, a capacitor discharging unit, a control unit, a first driving unit, a detection unit and a power supply cutting unit; the capacitor discharge unit comprises a first resistor and a first switching tube, and the first resistor is connected with the first switching tube in series; when the air conditioner controller is powered on, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be disconnected; when the air conditioner controller is powered off, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be conducted; the detection unit is used for detecting the working state of the capacitor discharge unit and sending an electric signal representing the working state of the capacitor discharge unit to the control unit; when the control unit receives an electric signal representing that the capacitor discharging unit has an overheating risk, the control unit sends a control signal for turning off the power supply cut-off unit to the power supply cut-off unit, so that the bus capacitor loses a charging loop. The safety of the air conditioner controller is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of circuit control, in particular to an air conditioner controller related to capacitor discharge.
Background
In circuit design, capacitors are often designed to maintain stable voltage or reduce ripple. The capacitor stores electric quantity, and how to release the electric quantity of the capacitor as soon as possible after the circuit is powered off is an urgent technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, the embodiment of the application provides an air conditioner controller, after the air conditioner controller is powered off, the electric quantity of the bus capacitor can be released as soon as possible, and the safety is improved; and the damage caused by the fault of the capacitor discharging unit can be prevented when the air conditioner controller is powered on.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
an air conditioner controller comprises a first rectifying unit, a PFC unit, a bus capacitor, an inversion unit, a capacitor discharge unit, a control unit, a first driving unit, a detection unit and a power supply cut-off unit; the output end of the first rectifying unit is electrically connected with the input end of the PFC unit, the output end of the PFC unit is electrically connected with the input end of the inversion unit, and the bus capacitor is electrically connected with the output end of the PFC unit; the power supply cutting unit is connected between the input end of the first rectifying unit and an input power supply or between the output end of the first rectifying unit and the input end of the PFC unit or between the output end of the PFC unit and a bus capacitor; the capacitor discharge unit comprises a first resistor and a first switching tube, and the first resistor is connected with the first switching tube in series; the capacitor discharge unit is electrically connected with the bus capacitor; the first driving unit is electrically connected with the control end of the first switching tube; when the air conditioner controller is powered on, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be disconnected; when the air conditioner controller is powered off, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be conducted; the detection unit is electrically connected with the control unit and is used for detecting the working state of the capacitor discharge unit and sending an electric signal representing the working state of the capacitor discharge unit to the control unit; the control unit signal output end is electrically connected with the control end of the power supply cut-off unit, and when the control unit receives an electric signal representing that the capacitor discharge unit has an overheating risk, the control unit sends a control signal for turning off the power supply cut-off unit to the power supply cut-off unit, so that the bus capacitor loses a charging loop. After the air conditioner controller is powered off, the electric quantity of the bus capacitor can be quickly released through the capacitor discharging unit; and when the power supply is powered on, the working state of the capacitor discharge unit can be detected, and the capacitor discharge unit is prevented from being conducted during power supply to cause overheating damage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the background art of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the background art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a simplified circuit block diagram of an air conditioner controller;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an air conditioner controller with a discharging function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a capacitor discharge unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a capacitor discharge unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a capacitor discharge unit according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of a capacitor discharge unit according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of a controller with a detection function according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller with a detection function according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram of a controller with a detection function according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of a controller with a detection function according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 18 is a circuit diagram of a controller with a detection function according to another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In this application, "(electrical) connection" includes direct (electrical) connection, and also includes indirect (electrical) connection.
In circuit design, a capacitor is often arranged to provide a smooth voltage, the capacitor can provide certain energy, when a circuit is powered off or does not work, the electric quantity of the capacitor may not be consumed within a certain time, and a capacitor discharge circuit needs to be arranged to ensure safety. In addition, the air conditioner controller comprises a rectifying unit and a power factor correcting unit; in order to provide a smooth dc bus voltage, a bus capacitor is often provided on the bus of the controller circuit. Fig. 1 shows a motor control circuit, which includes a rectifying unit 11, a PFC unit 12, an inverter unit 13, and a capacitor E1 disposed on a dc bus, and the capacitor not only provides a smooth dc bus voltage for the inverter unit, but also provides a certain amount of energy, so the capacitance value of the capacitor is generally large. As shown in fig. 1, for safety, when the motor control circuit is disconnected from the ac power source Vac, the voltage Vdc _ bus on the bus capacitor E1 is required to drop below the safety voltage for a certain period of time. If the ac power source Vac of the motor control circuit is cut off or the motor control circuit is in a standby state, the energy stored in the bus capacitor E1 can be consumed quickly, and thus, a bus capacitor discharge unit is not required. However, in some designs, the ability to store on the bus capacitor E1 cannot be consumed quickly when the ac power Vac to the motor control circuit is cut off or the motor control circuit is in standby; therefore, as shown in fig. 2, a capacitance discharge circuit 14 needs to be provided.
Based on this, the present embodiment provides a controller, as shown in fig. 3, including a capacitor E1, a capacitor discharge unit 14, and a first driving unit 19; the capacitor E1 can provide power for the Load at the rear stage, the capacitor discharge unit 14 includes a first resistor R1 and a first switch tube Q1, and the first resistor R1 is connected in series with the first switch tube Q1; the first end of the capacitor is a capacitor voltage positive end, the second end of the capacitor is electrically connected with a ground GND, one end of the capacitor discharge unit 14 is electrically connected with the first end of the capacitor, and the other end of the capacitor discharge unit is electrically connected with the ground GND; the control terminal of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first driving unit 19. When the capacitor E1 needs to be discharged, the first driving unit controls the Q1 to be conducted, and the capacitor discharging unit 14 discharges the electric energy on the capacitor E1, so that the voltage on the capacitor E1 can be discharged within a specified time.
In the motor control circuit, the capacitor E1 is a bus capacitor E1; in order to ensure safety, as shown in fig. 4/5, after the controller is powered off, the electric quantity of the bus capacitor E1 needs to be released quickly, for example, the capacitor discharge unit is arranged to release the electric quantity, so as to ensure safety; specifically, discharging is realized by controlling the conduction of Q1; however, when the controller is operating normally, the capacitor discharge unit 14 should be in an off state to prevent the capacitor discharge unit 14 from being in an on state all the time, which may cause the power consumed by the first resistor R1 to be too large and cause a fire safety hazard.
Based on this, in order to prevent the capacitor discharge unit from being in a pass state to cause the risk of overheating the first resistor R1 when the controller works normally due to the short-circuit fault of the first switching tube Q1, the present application provides another embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the capacitor discharge unit 14 further includes a third relay RY 3; the third relay RY3 is a normally closed relay, and the third relay RY3 is connected with the first resistor R1 and the first switch tube Q1 in series; a first control terminal of the third relay RY3 is electrically connected to the power supply terminal VCC, and a second control terminal of the third relay RY3 is electrically connected to the ground GND. When the power supply terminal VCC has a voltage, the third relay RY3 is turned off; when the power source terminal VCC loses the voltage, the third relay RY3 is closed. The electricity of power supply end VCC can be got from the controller circuit, and generally when the controller was electrified, power supply end VCC has electricity, and third relay RY3 disconnection, the circuit that charges discharges can not discharge electric capacity E1, promptly, when the controller was electrified, can not consume the energy on the first resistance R1, does not have overheated potential safety hazard. And when the controller loses power, power end VCC loses voltage, and third relay RY3 switches on, and further control first switch tube Q1 is closed this moment for electric capacity discharge unit 14 forms the route, discharges for electric capacity E1, can make the voltage on electric capacity E1 can drop to safe value at the specified time through the resistance setting of first resistance R1.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, in order to prevent the first resistor R1 from overheating due to short-circuit failure of the first switch tube Q1 when the controller normally works and ensure that the voltage of the capacitor E1 can be rapidly decreased after the controller is powered down, the capacitor discharge unit 14 further includes a second PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) resistor PTC2 and/or a self-recovery fuse, the second PTC resistor PTC2 is connected in series with the first resistor R1 and the first switch tube Q1, and the self-recovery fuse is also connected in series with the first resistor R1 and the first switch tube Q1. If the Q1 in the discharge circuit is in an abnormal conduction state, the PTC2 also has current passing through, the current can enable the PTC2 to generate heat per se, the resistance value of the PTC2 is increased, the current on the R1 is reduced, the heat generation is reduced, and therefore the potential safety hazard of fire caused by overheating of the first resistor R1 is reduced. Similarly, if the Q1 in the discharge circuit is in the abnormal conduction state, the current also passes through the self-recovery fuse, and the current can heat the self-recovery fuse, and after the heating value reaches a certain degree, the self-recovery fuse is disconnected, so that no current flows through the R1, the heating is also reduced, and the safety hazard of fire caused by overheating of the first resistor R1 is reduced.
In the above embodiment, the power supply terminal of the first driving unit 19 may be further electrically connected to the first terminal of the capacitor E1, that is, the driving voltage of the first driving unit 19 is derived from the capacitor E1, so that the capacitor E1 can provide the driving voltage for the first switch tube of the first driving unit 19 after the controller is powered down, and further the capacitor discharging unit 14 forms a path to discharge the capacitor E1.
Further, as shown in fig. 8, the controller is suitable for motor control, such as air conditioner compressor control, the capacitor discharge unit is configured to discharge a bus capacitor E1 of the motor control circuit, that is, a discharged capacitor E1 is a bus capacitor E1, and a first end of the bus capacitor E1 is electrically connected to a dc bus; the controller also comprises a PFC unit 12, an inverter unit 13, a low-voltage power supply unit 15 and a control unit 16; one side of the direct current bus is electrically connected with the output positive end of the PFC unit 12, and the other side of the direct current bus is electrically connected with the input positive end of the inverter unit 13; the low voltage power supply unit 15 may be a switching power supply, which supplies power to a control unit of a motor controller or to low voltage devices (such as valves) of an air conditioning system; the control reference of the PFC unit and the inversion unit is already controlled, and the control reference is not explained in the application; the control unit 16 comprises an MCU having a plurality of signal output terminals and is capable of outputting different control signals to different driver circuits. In this embodiment, the first driving unit 19 includes a second switch Q2, a control terminal Q2 of the second switch is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the low voltage power supply unit 15 or a control terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to a signal output terminal of the control unit, a first terminal of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to a first terminal of a capacitor E1, and a second terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to ground. When the air conditioner controller is powered off, the low-voltage power supply unit or the control unit controls the second switch tube to generate a control signal for closing the first switch tube. That is, when the controller is powered on, the power output terminal of the low voltage power supply unit 15 outputs a voltage signal, so that the second switch Q2 is turned on or closed, thereby generating a control signal CQ1 that drives the first switch Q1 to be turned off; and after the controller is powered down, the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 does not output a voltage signal, so that the second switch tube is closed or conducted, and a control signal CQ1 for driving the first switch tube Q1 to be closed is generated. Similarly, when the controller is powered on, the signal output terminal of the control unit 16 outputs a control signal, so that the second switch Q2 is turned on or closed, thereby generating a control signal CQ1 for driving the first switch Q1 to be turned off; and after the controller is powered down, the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 does not output the control signal, so that the second switch tube is closed or conducted, and a control signal CQ1 for driving the first switch tube Q1 to be closed is generated.
Further, in an embodiment, in the air conditioner controller for controlling the air conditioner compressor, when the air conditioner controller is powered off, the power supply output end of the low voltage switch unit loses the power supply voltage quickly, and the signal output end of the control unit loses the power supply and cannot output the high level. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, when the air conditioner controller is powered down, the control terminal of the second switch Q2 receives a low-level control signal, and the first terminal of the second switch Q2 generates a control signal for turning on the first switch Q1 and outputs the control signal to the control terminal of the first switch Q1; the first switching tube Q1 may be a triode, a MOS tube or an IGBT; the second switching tube Q2 may also be a triode, a MOS tube or an IGBT.
Further, as shown in fig. 12, in an embodiment, the first switching transistor Q1 is an N-MOS transistor, and the second switching transistor Q2 is an NPN transistor; the first driving unit 19 further includes a fifth resistor R5 and a voltage regulator ZD 1; a collector of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected with a first end of the bus capacitor E1 through a fifth resistor R5, and a base of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected with a power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit or a signal output end of the control unit; the emitter of the second switch tube Q2 is electrically connected to ground GND; the drain electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor E1 through a first resistor R1; the gate electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the second switching tube Q2; the source of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected to ground GND; the gate of the first switching tube Q1 is also electrically connected with the cathode of a voltage regulator tube ZD1, and the anode of the voltage regulator tube ZD1 is electrically connected with the ground; in this embodiment, when the air conditioner controller is powered down, the power output terminal of the low-voltage power supply unit does not output voltage, and the signal output terminal of the control unit also does not output a signal, at this time, the base of the second switching tube Q2 is at a low level, Q2 is turned off, the gate of Q1 is at a high level, Q1 is turned on, and the bus capacitor E1 discharges through the capacitor discharge unit 14; when the air conditioner controller is powered on, the power supply output end of the low-voltage power supply unit outputs voltage, the signal output end of the control unit can also output a high-level control signal to the second switching tube Q2, the base of the Q2 receives the high-level signal, the Q2 is switched on, the gate of the Q1 is at a low level, the Q1 is switched off, and the capacitor discharge unit 14 is in an open circuit state. Further, in order to prevent the fifth resistor R5 from overheating, the fifth resistor R5 may have a larger value, and preferably, the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5 is larger than that of the first resistor R1; the fifth resistor may be an equivalent resistor formed by connecting a plurality of resistors in series.
As shown in fig. 13, an embodiment of the present application further provides a controller, wherein the first switching transistor Q1 is a P-MOS transistor, and the second switching transistor Q2 is an NPN transistor; the first driving unit 19 further includes an eighth resistor R8 and a ninth resistor R9, a first end of the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected to a first end of the bus capacitor E1, a second end of the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected to a first end of the eighth resistor R8, a second end of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to a collector of the second switch Q2, an emitter of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to ground GND, and a base of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to a power output terminal of the low voltage power supply unit 15 or a signal output terminal of the control unit; the source electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor E1; the gate of the first switch tube Q1 is electrically connected with the first end of the eighth resistor R8; the drain of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to ground GND through a first resistor R1. In this embodiment, when the air conditioner controller is powered down, the power output terminal of the low voltage power supply unit 15 does not output voltage, or the signal output terminal of the control unit outputs a low level, the base of the second switching tube Q2 is at a low level, Q2 is turned on, the gate of Q1 is about the value of the divided voltage of the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9 on the bus voltage, the source voltage of Q1 is the bus voltage, Q1 is turned on, and the bus capacitor E1 discharges through the capacitor discharge unit 14; when the air conditioner controller is powered on, the power supply output end of the low-voltage power supply unit outputs voltage, or the signal output end of the control unit outputs high level, the base of the Q2 is high level, the Q2 is cut off, the gate and source voltages of the Q1 are both approximate to bus voltage, the Q1 is cut off, and the capacitor discharge unit 14 is in an open circuit state. It should be noted that, in the air conditioner controller, the low voltage power supply unit may include a plurality of power output terminals that output different voltage values, for example, a 3-5V power supply voltage required by the output control unit, and may also output a 10-20V driving voltage required by each driving unit or low voltage device, and the low voltage power supply unit may be a switching power supply, for example, a flyback circuit, and the voltage value of the output voltage of the low voltage power supply unit may be freely designed.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, the controller further includes a first rectifying unit 11, a control unit 16, a third driving unit 17, and a soft start unit 18; the input end of a low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the output end of a first rectifying unit 11, and a PFC unit 12 is also connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit; namely, the power supplies of the low-voltage power supply unit and the PFC unit are both from the output end of the first rectifying unit. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the controller further includes a first rectifying unit 11, a second rectifying unit 111, a control unit 16, a third driving unit 17, and a soft start unit 18; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the output end of the second rectifying unit 111, and the PFC unit 12 is connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit 11; namely, the power supply sources of the PFC unit and the low voltage power supply unit are obtained by different rectification units. In the two embodiments, when the controller is powered down, the low voltage power supply unit cannot consume the energy on the bus capacitor E1, so the capacitor discharge unit 14 needs to be configured to discharge the bus capacitor E1. In another embodiment, if the power supply of the low voltage power supply unit is from the output terminal of the PFC unit, i.e. from the bus capacitor E1, at this time, the low voltage power supply unit can consume part of the power on the bus capacitor E1, and at this time, it can be determined whether the charging and discharging unit 14 needs to be set according to the speed of power consumption of the bus capacitor E1 by the low voltage power supply unit. In addition, in fig. 4/5, the power output end of the low voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected to the power supply end of the control unit 16, the low voltage power supply unit 15 may be a switching power supply, and supplies power to the control unit and the low voltage device of the air conditioner, and the control unit controls the PFC unit, the inverter unit and the third driving unit to operate; one end of the soft start unit 18 is electrically connected with the input end of the first rectifying unit 11, and the other end of the soft start unit can be electrically connected with an input power supply VAC; the signal output end of the control unit is electrically connected with the third driving unit 17 and used for generating control; the third driving unit is electrically connected to a control end of a controllable switching tube of the soft start unit 18, specifically, the controllable switching tube may be a relay, such as RY1/RY 2.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a controller, as shown in fig. 9, which includes a control unit 16 and a second driving unit 20; the power supply end of the first driving unit 19 is electrically connected with the first end of the capacitor E1, that is, the driving voltage of the first driving unit 19 is provided by the capacitor E1, and the capacitor discharging unit 14 further includes a fourth relay RY 4; the fourth relay RY4 is a normally closed relay, and the fourth relay RY4 is connected with the first resistor R1 and the first switch tube Q1 in series; the first control end of the fourth relay RY4 is electrically connected to a power supply end VCC, specifically, in the motor control circuit, the power supply end VCC may be a power supply output end of a low-voltage power supply unit, and the low-voltage power supply unit may be provided with a plurality of power supply output ends to provide different power supply voltages to supply power to different units; other elements of the motor control circuit are as described above and will not be described in detail herein. A second control end of the fourth relay RY4 is electrically connected with the output end of the second driving unit 20; the input end of the second driving unit 20 is electrically connected with the signal output end of the control unit. In this embodiment, the control signal 16 is used to generate a control signal to the second driving unit 20, and the second driving unit 20 controls the state of the fourth relay RY4 according to the control signal, so that RY4 is opened when the controller is powered on, and closed when the controller is powered off.
The above controllers can be all used for air conditioning control, that is, the embodiment of the present application further provides an air conditioning controller, as shown in fig. 10, including a PFC unit 12, a dc bus, a bus capacitor E1, an inverter unit 13, a capacitor discharge unit 14, and a first driving unit 19; one side of a direct current bus E1 is electrically connected with the positive end of the PFC unit 12, and the other side of the direct current bus is electrically connected with the input positive end of the inverter unit 13; the first end of the bus capacitor E1 is electrically connected with the direct current bus, and the second end of the bus capacitor E1 is electrically connected with the ground GND; the capacitor discharge unit 14 comprises a first resistor R1 and a first switch tube Q1, the first resistor R1 is connected with the first switch tube Q1 in series, one end of the capacitor discharge unit 14 is electrically connected with a first end of a bus capacitor E1, and the other end of the capacitor discharge unit 14 is electrically connected with the ground GND; the control end of the first switch tube Q1 is electrically connected with the output end of the first driving unit 19, and the power supply end of the first driving unit is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor E1; the first driving unit 19 controls the first switch tube to be closed when the air conditioner controller is powered off, and controls the first switch tube to be disconnected when the air conditioner controller works.
Based on the above controller, the embodiment of the present application further provides a discharge circuit, which is suitable for a controller including a capacitor, as shown in fig. 3, the discharge circuit includes a capacitor discharge unit 14 and a first driving unit 19; the capacitor discharge unit 14 comprises a first resistor R1 and a first switch tube Q1; the first resistor R1 is connected in series with the first switch tube Q1; the first end of the capacitor E1 is a positive end of capacitor voltage, the second end of the capacitor is electrically connected with ground GND, the second end of the capacitor E1 is electrically connected with ground GND, one end of the capacitor discharge unit 14 is electrically connected with the first end of the E1 capacitor, and the other end of the capacitor discharge unit 14 is electrically connected with ground; the control terminal of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first driving unit 19. Further, the power supply end of the first driving unit 19 is electrically connected with the first end of the capacitor E1, and the capacitor discharging unit 14 further comprises a third relay RY3 and/or a second PTC resistor and/or a self-recovery fuse; the third relay is a normally closed relay and is connected with the first resistor and the first switching tube in series; a first control end of a third relay is electrically connected with a power supply end VCC, and a second control end of the third relay is electrically connected with ground; the second PTC resistor and/or the self-recovery fuse are connected in series with the first resistor and the first switch tube.
Further, in one embodiment, the controller includes a control unit 16 and a second drive unit 20; the capacitor discharge unit 14 further includes a fourth relay RY 4; the fourth relay RY4 is also a normally closed relay, and the fourth relay RY4 is connected in series with the first resistor R1 and the first switch tube Q1; a first control end of the fourth relay RY4 is electrically connected with a power supply end VCC, and a second control end of the fourth relay RY4 is electrically connected with an output end of the second driving unit 20; the input of the second driving unit 20 is electrically connected to the signal output of the control unit 16.
With reference to the capacitor discharge unit and the air conditioner controller described above, in order to further protect the controller, when the controller is in power-on operation, the first switching tube Q1 of the capacitor discharge unit 14 is damaged, so that the capacitor discharge unit 14 is turned on, and thus the capacitor discharge unit discharges for a long time, which causes excessive power consumption of the capacitor discharge unit, and is easy to generate heat, thereby causing a fire risk. The embodiment of the application also provides an air conditioner controller, which can discharge the bus capacitor E1 after the controller is powered down, can judge whether the first switch tube is damaged or not, and can cut off the power supply of the air conditioner controller when the first switch tube is damaged, so that the safety of the controller is ensured; as shown in fig. 14 in particular, the air conditioner controller includes a first rectifying unit 11, a PFC unit 12, a bus capacitor E1, an inverter unit 13, a capacitor discharging unit 14, a control unit 16, a first driving unit 19, a detection unit 21, and a power supply cut-off unit 22;
the output end of the first rectifying unit 11 is electrically connected with the input end of the PFC unit 12, the output end of the PFC unit 12 is electrically connected with the input end of the inverting unit 13, and the bus capacitor E1 is electrically connected with the output end of the PFC unit 12; the power supply cut-off unit 22 is connected between the input end of the first rectifying unit 11 and the input power VAC, between the output end of the first rectifying unit 11 and the input end of the PFC unit 12, or between the output end of the PFC unit 12 and the bus capacitor E1, that is, at the position of the power supply cut-off unit 22 or at the position shown in (r), (c); in normal operation, the power supply cutoff unit 22 is in a conduction state; the capacitor discharge unit 14 comprises a first resistor and a first switch tube, and the first resistor is connected in series with the first switch tube; the capacitor discharge unit 14 is electrically connected with a bus capacitor E1; the first driving unit 19 is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch tube; when the air conditioner controller is powered on, the first driving unit 19 controls the first switch tube to be disconnected; when the air conditioner controller is powered off, the first driving unit 19 controls the first switch tube to be conducted; the detection unit 21 is electrically connected with the control unit 16, and the detection unit 21 is used for detecting the working state of the capacitance discharge unit 14 and sending an electric signal representing the working state of the capacitance discharge unit 14 to the control unit 16; the signal output end of the control unit 16 is electrically connected to the control end of the power supply cut-off unit 22, and when the control unit 16 sends an electrical signal indicating that the capacitor discharge unit 14 is at an overheating risk, the control unit sends a control signal for turning off the power supply cut-off unit 22 to the power supply cut-off unit 22, so that the power supply cut-off unit 22 is in a disconnected state, and the bus capacitor E1 loses a charging loop. In this embodiment, when the bus capacitor E1 needs to be discharged, the first driving unit 19 controls the first switching tube to be turned on for discharging; if the capacitor discharging unit 14 itself has an overheating risk, the controller power supply is cut off to prevent the capacitor charging unit 14 from continuously operating. In order to ensure that the first driving unit 19 still has the working voltage after the controller is powered off, the power supply end of the first driving unit may be electrically connected to the high-voltage end of the bus capacitor, that is, the driving power supply of the first driving unit is provided by the bus capacitor, and the specific principle refers to the foregoing description.
Further, the electrical signal for indicating the risk of overheating of the capacitive discharge unit 14 includes: and when the air conditioner controller is powered on, representing the electric signal conducted by the first switching tube. If the air conditioner controller is powered on, the first switching tube is turned on, the capacitor discharge unit 14 will continuously work, and the bus capacitor E1 is continuously charged, so that the capacitor discharge unit 14 is overheated, and at this time, the power input of the controller needs to be further cut off, so as to prevent the bus capacitor E1 from being continuously charged, reduce the overheating risk of the capacitor discharge unit 14, and improve the safety.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 15, the detection unit 21 includes a sampling resistor Rsh; the first end of a first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of a bus capacitor E1, the second end of a first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the first end of a first switch tube Q1, the second end of the first switch tube Q1 is electrically connected with the first end of a sampling resistor Rsh, the second end of the sampling resistor Rsh is electrically connected with the low-voltage end of a bus capacitor E1, and the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1 can be a reference ground end GND; the control unit 16 is electrically connected to a first end of the sampling resistor Rsh. In this embodiment, when the idle mode controller is powered on, the sampling resistor Rsh is used for sampling current, and when the first switch transistor Q1 is turned on, a current flows through the first resistor R1, and the current also flows through the sampling resistor Rsh. The control unit detects the voltage across Rsh, and if the voltage is detected to be greater than a certain value, for example, 0.5V, the first switching tube Q1 is considered to be in abnormal conduction. The control unit then controls the power shutoff unit 22 to switch from the on state to the off state. Therefore, the DC BUS capacitor E1 has no power supply input, and simultaneously, under the action of the first resistor R1, the voltage at two ends of the DC BUS capacitor is released, so that the discharge resistor R1 cannot be continuously connected under the high voltage of the direct current BUS, and the resistor R1 is prevented from seriously heating. Specifically, the power cut-off unit 22 may include a controllable switching tube, such as an IGBT, a MOS tube, a triode, a relay, or the like.
In this embodiment, the detecting unit 21 further includes a second resistor R2 and a first capacitor C1, a first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to a first end of the sampling resistor Rsh, a second end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the control unit 16, a first end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to a second end of the second resistor R2, and a second end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to a second end of the sampling resistor Rsh.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 16, the detection unit 21 may be provided to include a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a second capacitor C2; the first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the first end of the first switch tube Q1, and the second end of the first switch tube Q1 is electrically connected with the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1; the first end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected with the first end of the first switch tube Q1, the second end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected with the first end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected with the second end of the first switch tube Q1, and the second capacitor C2 is connected with the fourth resistor R4 in parallel. In this embodiment, the detecting unit 21 detects the voltages of the first terminal and the second terminal of the first switch Q1, and when the first switch Q1 is an NMOS transistor, it detects the voltage between the D pole and the S pole of the first switch Q1. When the air conditioner controller works normally, when the first switch tube Q1 is not in an abnormal conduction state, the voltage between D and S is about the DC BUS voltage VDC _ BUS, and if the first switch tube Q1 is in an abnormal conduction state, the voltage between D and S is close to 0V; when the control unit 21 detects that the switching tube Q1 is abnormally turned on, the power supply cut-off unit 22 is controlled to be switched from the on state to the off state, so that the DC BUS capacitor E1 has no power supply input, and simultaneously, under the action of the first resistor R1, the voltage at two ends of the BUS capacitor is released, so that the first resistor R1 cannot be continuously connected with the high voltage of the DC BUS, and the resistor R1 is prevented from being heated seriously.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 17, the detecting unit 21 may be configured to include an NTC resistor, a tenth resistor R10, and a third capacitor C3; the first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the first end of the first switch tube Q1, and the second end of the first switch tube Q1 is electrically connected with the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1; the first end of the NTC resistor is electrically connected with a power supply end VCC, wherein the power supply end VCC can be the power supply output end of a low-voltage power supply unit 15 in the air conditioner controller; the second end of the NTC resistor is electrically connected with the first end of a tenth resistor R10, and the second end of the tenth resistor R10 is electrically connected with the ground; the third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the tenth resistor R10. In the present embodiment, the detection unit 21 detects the temperature around the first resistor R1. The NTC is a negative temperature coefficient temperature sensor for detecting the temperature around the discharge resistor R1. When the switching tube Q1 is abnormally turned on, the first resistor R1 generates heat abnormally, if the control unit 16 detects that the temperature around the R1 is abnormally increased, the switching tube Q1 is considered to be in an abnormally turned-on state, and at this time, the power supply cut-off unit 22 is controlled to be switched from the turned-on state to the turned-off state, so that the BUS capacitor E1 has no power supply input, and simultaneously, under the action of the first resistor R1, the voltage at two ends of the DC BUS capacitor is released, so that the first resistor is not continuously connected to the high voltage of the DC BUS, and the resistor R1 is prevented from generating heat seriously.
In the above embodiment in which the power shutoff unit 22 is controlled to be turned off when the first switching tube Q1 is abnormally turned on, the soft start unit of the air conditioner may be modified to implement the shutoff function using the soft start unit. That is, as shown in fig. 15 or 16, it may be provided that the power cut-off unit 22 includes the soft-start unit 18, and specifically, the soft-start unit 18 includes the first relay RY1, the second relay RY2, and the first PTC resistor PTC 1; the second relay RY2 is connected in series with the first PTC resistor and then connected in parallel with the first relay RY 1; a first end of the first relay RY1 can be electrically connected with an input power supply VAC, and a second end of the first relay RY1 is electrically connected with an input end of the first rectifying unit 11; the signal output end of the control unit 11 is electrically connected with the control ends of the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY 2; when the control unit 16 receives an electric signal representing that the capacitor discharging unit has an overheating risk, control signals CRY1 and CRY2 for turning off the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 are sent to the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 respectively, so that the bus capacitor E1 has no power supply input and loses a charging loop.
Further, in the above embodiment in which the power cut-off unit 22 is controlled to be turned off if the first switching tube Q1 is abnormally turned on, the air conditioner controller may further include a low voltage power supply unit 15 and a third driving unit 17; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit 11; the power supply output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit 16; the signal output end of the control unit 16 passes through the third driving unit 17 and the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2, and the third driving unit 17 is used for driving the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 to be turned on or off according to the control signal output by the control unit 16. Further, as shown in fig. 16, the air conditioner controller may further include a second rectifying unit 111 and a third driving unit 17; the input end of the second rectifying unit can be electrically connected with an input power supply VAC; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the output end of the second rectifying unit 111; the power supply output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit 16; a signal output terminal of the control unit 16 is electrically connected to the first relay and the second relay through a third driving unit 17.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, the system or system embodiments are substantially similar to the method embodiments and therefore are described in a relatively simple manner, and reference may be made to some of the descriptions of the method embodiments for related points. The above-described system and system embodiments are only illustrative, wherein the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An air conditioner controller is characterized by comprising a first rectifying unit, a PFC unit, a bus capacitor, an inverter unit, a capacitor discharging unit, a control unit, a first driving unit, a detection unit and a power supply cutting unit;
the output end of the first rectifying unit is electrically connected with the input end of the PFC unit, the output end of the PFC unit is electrically connected with the input end of the inversion unit, and the bus capacitor is electrically connected with the output end of the PFC unit; the power supply cutting unit is connected between the input end of the first rectifying unit and an input power supply or between the output end of the first rectifying unit and the input end of the PFC unit or between the output end of the PFC unit and a bus capacitor; the capacitor discharge unit comprises a first resistor and a first switching tube, and the first resistor is connected with the first switching tube in series; the capacitor discharge unit is electrically connected with the bus capacitor; the first driving unit is electrically connected with the control end of the first switching tube; when the air conditioner controller is powered on, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be disconnected; when the air conditioner controller is powered off, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be conducted; the detection unit is electrically connected with the control unit and is used for detecting the working state of the capacitor discharge unit and sending an electric signal representing the working state of the capacitor discharge unit to the control unit; the control unit signal output end is electrically connected with the control end of the power supply cut-off unit, and when the control unit receives an electric signal representing that the capacitor discharge unit has an overheating risk, the control unit sends a control signal for turning off the power supply cut-off unit to the power supply cut-off unit, so that the bus capacitor loses a charging loop.
2. The air conditioner controller of claim 1, wherein said electrical signal indicative of a risk of overheating of said capacitive discharge unit comprises: and when the air conditioner controller is powered on, representing the electric signal conducted by the first switching tube.
3. The air conditioner controller according to claim 2, wherein the detection unit includes a sampling resistor; the first end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of the bus capacitor, the second end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the first switching tube, the second end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the first end of the sampling resistor, and the second end of the sampling resistor is electrically connected with the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor; the control unit is electrically connected with the first end of the sampling resistor.
4. The air conditioner controller according to claim 3, wherein the detection unit further comprises a second resistor and a first capacitor, a first end of the second resistor is electrically connected to a first end of the sampling resistor, a second end of the second resistor is electrically connected to the control unit, a first end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to a second end of the second resistor, and a second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to a second end of the sampling resistor.
5. The air conditioner controller according to claim 2, wherein the detection unit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a second capacitor; the first end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of the bus capacitor, the second end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the first switching tube, and the second end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor; the first end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the first switch tube, the second end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with the second end of the first switch tube, and the second capacitor is connected with the fourth resistor in parallel.
6. The air conditioner controller according to claim 2, wherein the detection unit includes an NTC resistor, a sixth resistor, and a third capacitor; the first end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of the bus capacitor, the second end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the first switching tube, and the second end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor; the first end of the NTC resistor is electrically connected with a power supply end; the second end of the NTC resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the sixth resistor, and the second end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected with the second end of the first switching tube; the third capacitor is connected with the sixth resistor in parallel.
7. An air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 1-6 wherein said power cut-off unit includes a soft start unit; the soft start unit comprises a first relay, a second relay and a first PTC resistor; the second relay is connected in parallel with the first relay after being connected in series with the first PTC resistor; the first end of the first relay can be electrically connected with an input power supply, and the second end of the first relay is electrically connected with the input end of the first rectifying unit; the signal output end of the control unit is electrically connected with the control ends of the first relay and the second relay; when the control unit receives an electric signal representing that the capacitor discharging unit has an overheating risk, a control signal for turning off the first relay and the second relay is sent to the first relay and the second relay, so that the bus capacitor loses a charging loop.
8. The air conditioner controller according to claim 7, further comprising a low voltage power supply unit and a third driving unit; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit; the power supply output end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit; and the signal output end of the control unit is electrically connected with the first relay and the second relay through the third driving unit.
9. The air conditioner controller according to claim 7, further comprising a second rectifying unit and a third driving unit; the input end of the second rectifying unit can be electrically connected with the input power supply; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the output end of the second rectifying unit; the power supply output end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit; and the signal output end of the control unit is electrically connected with the first relay and the second relay through the third driving unit.
10. The air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a power supply terminal of the first driving unit is electrically connected to a high voltage terminal of the bus capacitor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410046462.0A CN118100613A (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-04 | Air conditioner controller |
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| CN202111244728 | 2021-10-25 | ||
| CN2021112447285 | 2021-10-25 |
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| CN202410046462.0A Division CN118100613A (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-04 | Air conditioner controller |
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| CN114337228B CN114337228B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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| CN202410046462.0A Pending CN118100613A (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-04 | Air conditioner controller |
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| JPH1126844A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-29 | Miyachi Technos Corp | Laser power supply device |
| US20150285529A1 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-08 | Hangzhou Leaderway Electronics Co., Ltd. | Air conditioner controller, air conditioner control circuit and air conditioner control method |
| CN108023473A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-05-11 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Pfc circuit, electric machine control system and transducer air conditioning |
| KR20180092085A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-17 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus and air conditioner including the same |
| KR20180125690A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-26 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus and air conditioner including the same |
| WO2020147239A1 (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-23 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Drive control circuit, air conditioner and controller |
| KR20210028363A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-12 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus having thermal protection function |
-
2022
- 2022-01-04 CN CN202210019185.5A patent/CN114337228B/en active Active
- 2022-01-04 CN CN202410046462.0A patent/CN118100613A/en active Pending
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| JPH1126844A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-29 | Miyachi Technos Corp | Laser power supply device |
| US20150285529A1 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-08 | Hangzhou Leaderway Electronics Co., Ltd. | Air conditioner controller, air conditioner control circuit and air conditioner control method |
| KR20180092085A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-17 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus and air conditioner including the same |
| KR20180125690A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-26 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus and air conditioner including the same |
| CN108023473A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-05-11 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Pfc circuit, electric machine control system and transducer air conditioning |
| WO2020147239A1 (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-23 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Drive control circuit, air conditioner and controller |
| KR20210028363A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-12 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus having thermal protection function |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114337228B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
| CN118100613A (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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