CN114336996B - Magnetic coupling structure of dynamic wireless power supply system of electric automobile - Google Patents

Magnetic coupling structure of dynamic wireless power supply system of electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114336996B
CN114336996B CN202210106321.4A CN202210106321A CN114336996B CN 114336996 B CN114336996 B CN 114336996B CN 202210106321 A CN202210106321 A CN 202210106321A CN 114336996 B CN114336996 B CN 114336996B
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coil
coils
power supply
wireless power
electric automobile
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CN114336996A (en
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周维华
胥飞
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Shanghai Dianji University
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Shanghai Dianji University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetic coupling structure of a dynamic wireless power supply system of an electric automobile, which comprises at least one vehicle-mounted secondary side magnetic energy pickup mechanism arranged on the electric automobile and a plurality of primary side energy emission mechanisms buried underground on a driving road surface, wherein the vehicle-mounted secondary side magnetic energy pickup mechanism consists of a DD (direct digital) separated coil and a vehicle-end square ferrite layer, each primary side energy emission mechanism consists of a group of emission coils and a ground-end circular ferrite layer, and the emission coils and the DD separated coils are oppositely arranged to realize magnetic coupling so as to realize wireless power supply. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high power, high efficiency, low fluctuation rate of mutual inductance, reduced system loss, greatly reduced material cost and the like.

Description

Magnetic coupling structure of dynamic wireless power supply system of electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless power supply of electric automobiles, in particular to a magnetic coupling structure of a dynamic wireless power supply system of an electric automobile.
Background
In the dynamic wireless power supply system of the electric automobile, the coupling structure is one of core components for energy transmission, the mutual inductance of the primary coil and the secondary coil can directly influence the energy efficiency characteristic of the wireless power transmission system, and if the shape of the coil type is selected improperly, the output power and the transmission efficiency of the system can be greatly reduced, so that the design and research of the magnetic coupling structure in the dynamic wireless charging system are very popular in recent years, such as DD type coils, DDQ type coils, DLDD type coils and the like are designed, and the coils can effectively improve the energy efficiency characteristic of the dynamic wireless charging system.
However, the prior art only proposes a design method of a coupling structure for a specific coil, adopts a transmitting coil and a receiving coil with completely consistent size and shape, does not consider that the shape and the size of the coil are often limited by a field environment in practical application, and adopts the same receiving coil and transmitting coil, although the same receiving coil and transmitting coil can achieve the power and efficiency required by a system, the cost of materials can be greatly increased, and when the system is in practical application, a user can hardly completely align the center of a ground coil and the center of a vehicle-end coil in the driving process, and when deviation exists, the coupling coefficient of the system can be reduced, so that the power and the efficiency of real-time power supply are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a magnetic coupling structure of a dynamic wireless power supply system of an electric automobile.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a magnetic coupling structure of electric automobile dynamic wireless power supply system, this structure includes at least one on-vehicle secondary side magnetic energy pickup mechanism and buries a plurality of primary side energy emission mechanisms of burying in the road surface underground that is set up on electric automobile, on-vehicle secondary side magnetic energy pickup mechanism constitute by DD disconnect-type coil and car end square ferrite layer, every primary side energy emission mechanism comprises a set of transmitting coil and ground end circular ferrite layer, transmitting coil and DD disconnect-type coil set up relatively and carry out magnetic coupling and realize wireless power supply.
The DD separation coil is coaxial with the center of the vehicle-end square ferrite layer and is paved below the vehicle-end square ferrite layer.
Each group of transmitting coils consists of two circular coils which are connected in series and have the same size, and the circular coils are coaxial with the center of the ground end circular ferrite layer and are paved above the ground end circular ferrite layer.
The adjacent primary side energy emission mechanisms are distributed at equal intervals, the center point of the emission coil of each primary side energy emission mechanism is positioned on the same horizontal line in the overall extension direction of the emission coil, and the arrangement direction of the two circular coils of each primary side energy emission mechanism is perpendicular to the overall extension direction of the emission coil.
The DD separated coil is formed by winding the same litz wire, and winding directions of two D-shaped coils of the DD separated coil are opposite.
The transmitting coil is formed by winding the same litz wire, and winding directions of two circular coils of the transmitting coil are opposite.
The D-shaped coil of the DD-separated coil and the round coil at the corresponding position are wound in the same direction.
The primary side energy emitting mechanism is arranged in the length of 1m, the radius of a round coil in each group of emitting coils is 8cm, the number of turns is 22, the turn distance is 2mm, and the thickness of the ground end round ferrite layer is 1.5cm.
The DD separated coil has the size of 100cm multiplied by 18cm, the number of turns of 7, the turn spacing of 8mm and the thickness of the car end square ferrite layer of 1.5cm.
The distance between two circular coils in the transmitting coil is 5cm, and the distance between two D-shaped coils in the DD-separated coil is 4cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
According to the novel coupling structure of the dynamic wireless power supply system of the electric automobile, through verification of simulation, the design of the magnetic coupling structure can meet the power and efficiency requirements of wireless dynamic charging of the electric automobile, the power is stable at 300w, the efficiency reaches 92%, the fluctuation rate of mutual inductance is low, meanwhile, the length of litz wires used by the wireless power supply system of the electric automobile is greatly reduced on the premise that the energy efficiency characteristic requirements are met, the system loss is reduced, and the material cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic coupling structure of a dynamic wireless power supply system of an electric automobile.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the DD separated coil.
Fig. 3 is a comparison result of the combined mutual inductance values of the coils.
Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of a coupling mechanism.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the mutual inductance fluctuation.
Fig. 6 is an energy pick-up voltage and current diagram.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
The invention aims to solve the problems of site limitation, high cost, difficult daily maintenance and the like in practical application in the prior art, the dynamic wireless charging track needs to be dug underground to lay coils, and the larger the required charging power is, the larger the laid coils are, so that the popularization of the dynamic wireless charging technology of an automobile is hindered by high cost investment and complex facility maintenance, the coupling coil is perfected, the material consumption is reduced under the condition of ensuring the transmission efficiency and the output power, the competitive power of products on the market is improved, and the problem of being hot by hands on the popularization road of the dynamic wireless charging is solved.
The invention provides a magnetic coupling structure of a dynamic wireless power supply system of an electric automobile, which aims at solving the problems that the cost of a coupling coil in a wireless dynamic charging system is large and the size of the coil is limited by a field, realizes that the cost is greatly small when a product is put into use, and simultaneously ensures that the system meets the output power and efficiency of operation.
The magnetic coupling structure comprises at least one vehicle-mounted secondary side magnetic energy pickup mechanism and a plurality of groups of primary side energy emission mechanisms; the vehicle-mounted secondary magnetic energy pickup mechanism comprises a DD (direct digital) separation type coil and a vehicle-end square ferrite layer, wherein the DD separation type coil is coaxial with the center of the vehicle-end square ferrite layer and is arranged below the vehicle-end square ferrite layer; each group of primary side energy emission mechanism comprises two circular coils and a ground end circular ferrite layer which are connected in series in an opposite mode and have the same size, and the circular coils are coaxial with the center of the ground end circular ferrite layer and are placed above the ground end circular ferrite layer.
Two circular coils which are connected in series and have the same size form a group of transmitting coils, a plurality of groups of transmitting coils are arranged at equal intervals, the arrangement direction of the two circular coils is vertical to the overall extending direction of the transmitting coils, the transmitting coils of each group are distributed at equal intervals, the center point of each group of transmitting coils is positioned on the same horizontal line, a certain interval is reserved between the two circular coils in each group of transmitting coils, the interval is 5cm in optimal value through simulation experiments, and therefore the maximum mutual inductance value of the transmitting coils and the receiving coils is obtained.
The DD separated coil is used as a receiving coil, and the optimal distance is 4cm based on the original DD coil structure through simulation analysis, so that adverse effects of internal coupling of the coils are reduced.
The invention further improves that the vertical distance between the primary side energy emitting mechanism and the secondary side electric energy picking mechanism is 15cm, and the pavement of the ground side circular ferrite layer and the vehicle side square ferrite layer provides a proper path for magnetic energy, thereby effectively improving the coupling coefficient and anti-offset capability of the emitting coil and the receiving coil.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the invention relates to a magnetic coupling structure of a novel dynamic wireless power supply system of an electric automobile, which comprises an energy emitting part, an energy picking part and a control end.
The energy emission part is by the intermittent type structure that two pair circular coils establish ties and constitute, and the coil diameter is 16cm, and the number of turns sets up to 26 turns, evenly lays three group's transmission coils in 1m apart from, and it adopts high frequency litz wire coiling, and litz wire contains the thin copper line of stranded and can reduce wire winding sectional area by a wide margin under the circumstances of guaranteeing the resistant class, thereby reduces the total wire footpath and reduces the coil volume in order to reach optimum effect. Meanwhile, a magnetic shielding mechanism (a ground end circular ferrite layer) based on ferrite materials is paved below the transmitting coil, so that the electromagnetic environment of the resonant wireless power transmission system can be effectively improved, the magnetic field leakage of a non-working area is effectively shielded, the magnetic field index of the non-working area is reduced, the magnetic field of the working area can be enhanced, and the coupling between the systems is tighter.
The receiving coil is improved based on the prior DD coil, and the winding mode of the DD coil is shown in figure 2. The improved DD separated structure is formed by winding two coils in series, the winding direction is reverse, a certain gap is reserved inside the coils, so that magnetic lines of force form a complete bidirectional loop, and the magnetic field intensity generated by energizing the coils is fully utilized, thereby reducing the negative influence of internal coupling of the coils.
The receiving coil in the coupling mechanism adopts DD separated coil with length of 1m and width of 40cm, and the single coil is wound for 7 turns, and also adopts high-frequency litz copper wire.
In order to verify whether the design method of the novel coupling structure can achieve the power, the mutual inductance and the stability required by the wireless dynamic charging system of the electric automobile, the invention compares experimental data with simulation results based on a simulation platform.
Fig. 3 is a diagram comparing the mutual inductance of the present invention with other structural designs while consuming the same number of wires, wherein scheme 2 is a DD separated coil+dd coil combination scheme, and scheme 3 is a DD separated coil+rectangular coil combination scheme. On the one hand, it is seen from the figure that although solutions 2 and 3 may have the potential to achieve similar performance to the present invention, their mutual inductance values are lower than those of DD split coil + intermittent circular combined coil. On the other hand, under the condition that the same number of copper wires are used in all 3 schemes, the mutual inductance value of the invention is far higher than the value required by the system, so that the use amount of the electric wires is smaller on the premise of meeting the mutual inductance value and the coupling coefficient required by the system, when the coil cost is considered, the cost of the transmitting coil needs to be considered in the dynamic wireless charging, because a large part of the cost of the dynamic wireless charging is derived from a large number of electric wires and magnetic cores used for manufacturing the transmitting coil, in addition, the contact area of the intermittent circular combined transmitting coil is far smaller than that of the common rectangular coil and DD coil, and therefore, the use amount of ferrite materials in the magnetic shielding mechanism is also greatly reduced, which means that the invention can use less materials to meet the requirements of high output power and efficiency, and the invention is better in economical performance.
Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of the novel coupling structure of the present invention, table 1 is detailed parameters of the magnetic coupling structure of the dynamic wireless charging system of the electric vehicle,
Table 1 magnetic coupling mechanism parameters
Parameters (parameters) Transmitting coil Receiving coil
Coil size R=8cm 100cm×18cm
Turns number 22 7
Pitch of turns 2mm 8mm
Ferrite thickness 1.5cm 1.5cm
The mutual inductance fluctuation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is shown in fig. 5. In the figure, the maximum value of the mutual inductance of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil reaches 190 microhenries, the maximum value of the mutual inductance fluctuation is about 30 microhenries, the highest fluctuation rate is 15%, the stability of the mutual inductance value is basically maintained, the optimization standard is reached, and the feasibility of the invention is verified.
In the simulation, the voltage and current output values of the energy receiving end are shown in fig. 6, the voltage value is stably output to be 35V, the current value is stable to be 7A, and then the output power is stable to be about 250w, so that the power requirement of dynamic wireless charging of the electric automobile is met, and the feasibility of the invention is verified.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. The magnetic coupling structure of the dynamic wireless power supply system of the electric automobile is characterized by comprising at least one vehicle-mounted secondary side magnetic energy pickup mechanism arranged on the electric automobile and a plurality of primary side energy emission mechanisms buried underground on a driving road surface, wherein the vehicle-mounted secondary side magnetic energy pickup mechanism consists of a DD (direct digital) separated coil and a vehicle-end square ferrite layer, each primary side energy emission mechanism consists of a group of emission coils and a ground-end circular ferrite layer, and the emission coils and the DD separated coils are oppositely arranged to realize magnetic coupling so as to realize wireless power supply;
The transmitting coil is wound by the same litz wire; each group of transmitting coils consists of two circular coils which are connected in series and have the same size, and the winding directions of the two circular coils of the transmitting coils are opposite; a set interval is reserved between two circular coils in each group of transmitting coils;
two D-shaped coils of the DD-separated coil are formed by serially winding a litz wire; the winding directions of the two D-shaped coils are opposite, and a set interval is reserved between the two D-shaped coils, so that magnetic lines of force form a complete bidirectional loop;
the D-shaped coil of the DD-separated coil and the round coil at the corresponding position are wound in the same direction.
2. The magnetic coupling structure of the dynamic wireless power supply system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the DD separating coil is coaxial with the center of the car end square ferrite layer and is laid below the car end square ferrite layer.
3. The magnetic coupling structure of the dynamic wireless power supply system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the circular coil is coaxial with the center of the ground circular ferrite layer and is laid above the ground circular ferrite layer.
4. The magnetic coupling structure of an electric vehicle dynamic wireless power supply system according to claim 3, wherein adjacent primary side energy emitting mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals, the center point of the emitting coil of each primary side energy emitting mechanism is located on the same horizontal line in the overall extending direction of the emitting coil, and the arrangement direction of two circular coils of each primary side energy emitting mechanism is perpendicular to the overall extending direction of the emitting coil.
5. The magnetic coupling structure of the dynamic wireless power supply system of the electric automobile according to claim 4, wherein the number of the primary side energy emitting mechanisms is 3 in the length of 1m, the radius of a round coil in each group of emitting coils is 8cm, the number of turns is 22, the turn interval is 2mm, and the thickness of a ground round ferrite layer is 1.5cm.
6. The magnetic coupling structure of the dynamic wireless power supply system of the electric automobile according to claim 2, wherein the size of the DD separation coil is 100cm multiplied by 18cm, the number of turns is 7, the turn interval is 8mm, and the thickness of the car end square ferrite layer is 1.5cm.
7. The magnetic coupling structure of the dynamic wireless power supply system of the electric automobile according to claim 4, wherein the distance between two circular coils in the transmitting coil is 5cm, and the distance between two D-shaped coils in the DD-separated coil is 4cm.
CN202210106321.4A 2022-01-28 2022-01-28 Magnetic coupling structure of dynamic wireless power supply system of electric automobile Active CN114336996B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107769391A (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-03-06 深圳威兹新能源科技有限公司 A kind of wireless charging system of multi-coil series connection
CN110492622A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-11-22 湖北工业大学 The not parking wireless charging system of electric car and its control method
CN111641274A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-09-08 许继集团有限公司 Coupling mechanism applied to wireless power transmission system of electric automobile

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10720277B2 (en) * 2017-09-08 2020-07-21 Witricity Corporation Ferrite arrangement in a wireless power-transfer structure to mitigate dimensional tolerance effects on performance

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107769391A (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-03-06 深圳威兹新能源科技有限公司 A kind of wireless charging system of multi-coil series connection
CN110492622A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-11-22 湖北工业大学 The not parking wireless charging system of electric car and its control method
CN111641274A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-09-08 许继集团有限公司 Coupling mechanism applied to wireless power transmission system of electric automobile

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