CN114335854A - 小型电池模块及具备其的电池组 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种小型电池模块,其使得蓄电池单元以外的空间最小化并减少部件数量。所述小型电池模块的特征在于,包括:电池组装体,其组装有多个蓄电池单元;顶架,其插入电池组装体的上部外面;底部框架,其插入电池组装体的下部外面,与顶架紧密连接;以及第一端板及第二端板,其与电池组装体的两端紧密连接,并固定多个蓄电池单元。此时,特征在于,多个蓄电池单元并列地排列至少2个以上,顶架和底部框架借助焊接而得以紧密连接。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电池模块,更为详细地,涉及一种小型电池模块及具备其的电池组,其使得蓄电池单元以外的空间最小化并减少部件数量。
背景技术
电动汽车电池模块正不断地进化。为了确保行驶距离,欲在限定的空间内适用更多的蓄电池单元。据此,需要模块尺寸小型化。很多企业正进行小型电池模块开发并大量生产。
但是,通常为了按照车种类不同地适用电池模块形状及电池模块内电池数量而适用盒式。随着适用这样的盒式,适用于模块的部件很多,且使用很多注塑部件。因此,问题在于,电池模块尺寸比蓄电池单元尺寸大很多,据此,蓄电池单元叠层数量存在限制。
此外,蓄电池单元和冷却线路间使用冷却板(铝材料),并适用间接冷却方式,从而冷却功能下降。
此外,问题在于,每1~2个蓄电池单元适用盒、冷却板等,从而部件数量增加。
发明内容
本发明为了解决根据上面背景技术的问题而提出,目的在于,提供一种小型电池模块及具备其的电池组,其使得蓄电池单元以外的空间最小化并减少部件数量。
此外,本发明的目的在于,提供一种小型电池模块及具备其的电池组,其不使用间接冷却方式,可提高冷却功能。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供一种小型电池模块,其使得蓄电池单元以外的空间最小化并减少部件数量。
所述小型电池模块,其特征在于,包括:
电池组装体,其组装有多个蓄电池单元;
顶架,其插入电池组装体的上部外面;
底部框架,其插入电池组装体的下部外面,与顶架紧密连接;以及
第一端板及第二端板,其与电池组装体的两端紧密连接,并固定多个蓄电池单元。
此时,特征在于,多个蓄电池单元并列地排列至少2个以上,顶架和底部框架借助焊接而得以紧密连接。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,包括为了多个蓄电池单元的上部和顶架间绝缘而插入的上盖板。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,包括连接线,其固定于第一端板和第二端板。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,为了固定连接线,在上盖板的内表面形成有固定槽。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,为了所述焊接,在底部框架侧面形成有多个挂钩紧密连接件,以便安装多个挂钩。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,为了使得从电池组装体产生的热放出,底部框架的底面为钻孔有开放孔形态的梯形。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,在底面的上部表面上形成有用于绝缘的绝缘涂层。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,在并列地排列的2个蓄电池单元之间、蓄电池单元和顶架之间以及蓄电池单元和底部框架之间中至少一个以上,为了补偿接触压力或膨胀压力而设置有垫。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,形成有空隙填充层,其用于填充在并列地排列的2个蓄电池单元的下部形成的多个凸出部之间的空间。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,在多个蓄电池单元的表面上附着有粘贴部。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,端板包括:主体;连接母线,其设置于形成于主体的前面的紧密连接槽内;焊接棒,其与顶架的一端焊接固定;以及电压感应板,其与连接母线进行电连接。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,紧密连接槽的形状与上盖板的末端的形状整合。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,在主体的上部形成有固定孔,连接线的末端插入固定于所述固定孔。
此外,小型电池模块的特征在于,电压感应板包括如果电压产生异常则短路的短路图形,短路图形为波浪形,比其他部分宽度窄。
另一方面,根据本发明的另一个实施例,提供一种具有小型电池模块的电池组,其特征在于,包括:上面记述的多个小型电池模块;以及冷却水线路,为了将多个小型电池模块以直接冷却方式进行冷却而循环有冷却水,在并列地排列的2个蓄电池单元的下部形成有凸出部,在凸出部和冷却水线路之间形成有填充空隙的空隙填充层。
根据本发明,适用标准化的电池模块形态,从而可使得蓄电池单元以外的空间最小化并将部件数量减少60%~80%。
此外,作为本发明的另一个效果,随着适用标准化的电池模块形态,按照车种类可不同地装载模块数量,从而可节约费用。
此外,作为本发明的又另一个效果,随着电池模块单位可以A/S,从而可节约A/S费用。
此外,作为本发明的又另一个效果,随着电池模块尺寸小型化,相同面积内可追加叠层电池,从而可增加行驶距离。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池模块的组装立体图。
图2是图1示出的电池模块的外观立体图。
图3是沿图2的A-A轴切开的电池模块的截面图。
图4是表示在图1示出的蓄电池单元的表面附着有粘贴部的状态的侧面正面图。
图5是图1示出的端板的正面立体图。
图6是表示图5示出的电压感应板的短路图形电路的图。
图7是图5示出的端板的背面立体图。
具体实施方式
本发明可施加多种变形并可具有各种各样的实施例,因此欲将特定实施例在附图中例示并进行详细地说明。但是,这不是要将本发明限定于特定的实施形态,应理解为,包括在本发明的思想及技术范围内的所有变更、均等物乃至代替物。
说明各附图的同时,对类似的构成要素使用类似的参照标号。第一、第二等术语可在说明多种构成要素时使用,但构成要素不能受术语的限定。术语仅作为将一个构成要素与另一个构成要素区别开来的目的而使用。
例如,不脱离本发明的权利范围的同时,第一构成要素可命名为第二构成要素,类似地,第二构成要素也可命名为第一构成要素。“及/或”等术语包括多个相关记载的项目的组合或多个相关记载的项目中的任意项目。
如果没有其他的定义,包括技术或者科学术语在内,在此使用的所有术语具有与本发明所属的技术领域内具有一般知识的技术人员通常理解的含义相同的含义。
应解释为,诸如在一般使用的词典中定义的术语具有与相关技术的文句上具有的含义一致的含义,如果本申请中没有明确地定义,不应解释为理想的或过于形式上的含义。
以下,参照附图对根据本发明的一个实施例的小型电池模块及具备其的电池组进行详细地说明。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池模块100的组装立体图。参照图1,电池模块100的特征在于,包括:电池组装体110;顶架140,其插入电池组装体110的上部外面;底部框架150,其插入电池组装体110的下部外面,与顶架140紧密连接;端板160a、160b,其与电池组装体110的两端紧密连接。
电池组装体110以组装多个蓄电池单元111的形态在两端设置有端板160a、160b。蓄电池单元可以是镍金属电池、锂离子电池、锂聚合物电池等电动汽车用高电压电池。通常,高电压电池作为用作使电动汽车移动的动力源的电池,指的是100V以上的高电压。但是,不限定于此,低电压电池也可以。根据外包装材料的种类,蓄电池单元可以分为袋形、圆筒形、角形等。本发明的一个实施例中,可使用袋形二次电池单元。
优选地,蓄电池单元111使用12块,但也可适用24块以上。此外,也可适用1P、2P、3P、4P。在此,P表示并联。在蓄电池单元和蓄电池单元之间配置有绝缘垫。
底部框架150与顶架140的段差紧密连接。为此,在侧面形成有挂钩紧密连接件152,以便安装挂钩141。此外,为了使得从电池组装体110产生的热放出,底部框架150的底面为钻孔有开放孔153形态的梯形。
顶架140及底部框架150主要适用铝、钢材料,但也可适用工程塑料。此外,顶架140及底部框架150的厚度为0.6t~2t。在此,t为1mm。
此外,在底部框架150的底面的上部表面形成有绝缘涂层151。绝缘涂层151既可涂覆绝缘涂料而形成,也可通过附着PC(poly carbonate,聚碳酸酯)薄膜、PET(Polyethyleneterephthalate,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)薄膜、PEN(Polyethylene Naphthalate,聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯)薄膜、PP(Polypropylene,聚丙烯)薄膜等而形成。或者,也可适用注塑材料。
为了固定该连接线120,在上盖板130的互相相对的内侧表面可形成有固定槽(未示出)。
为了多个蓄电池单元111的上部和顶架140间绝缘,上盖板130配置于蓄电池单元111的上部。当然,在上盖板130的上部组装顶架140。
可通过上盖板130和连接线120实现半模块化。阐述而言,第一端板160a和第二端板160b间无需使用长螺栓进行互相固定连接。此外,无需将第一端板160a和第二端板160b固定连接于电池组装体110。
第一端板160a可以为前面端板,第二端板160b可以为后面端板。
图2是图1示出的电池模块100的外观立体图。参照图2,是将图1示出的构成部件组装而成的电池模块100的外观立体图。
图3是沿图2的A-A轴切开的电池模块100的截面图。参照图3,为了补偿蓄电池单元的接触压力及/或膨胀压力,在蓄电池单元111和蓄电池单元111之间配置有第一垫310-1、第二垫310-2、第三垫310-3。
当然,不只是蓄电池单元111和蓄电池单元之间,而且在蓄电池单元111和顶架140之间、以及蓄电池单元111和底部框架150之间也可配置有第一垫310-1及第四垫310-4。第二垫310-2及第三垫310-3配置于蓄电池单元之间。
第一垫310-1、第二垫310-2、第三垫310-3、第四垫310-4的材质作为海绵橡胶,可以为聚氨酯(Polyurethane,聚氨酯)、PE(Polyethylene,聚乙烯)、EVA(Ethylene VinylAcetate,乙烯醋酸乙烯酯)、CR(Chloroprene Rubber,氯丁二烯橡胶)等。
此外,随着蓄电池单元111的纵向配置,在蓄电池单元111的下部形成有凸出部113。因为存在这样的凸出部,在凸出部113和冷却水线路330之间可能产生空隙。此时,冷却效率减小,因此需要形成空隙填充层320。空隙填充层通过涂布装备形成。
为了热传导,该空隙填充层320的材质可以为包括氧化铝粒子的热硬化性二液型(two-part)硅胶(例如道康宁公司的TC-4525)。阐述而言,将部件填充间隔空隙并保护各部件,起到粘贴剂作用的同时也可进行热传导及散热。因此,涂布后在室温下实现硬化并形成层。
因此,蓄电池单元111和使得冷却水循环的冷却水线路330之间可紧贴接触,从而可进行对蓄电池单元111的直接冷却。当然,为了理解,附图中省略顶架140和上盖板130。
图4是表示在图1示出的蓄电池单元111的表面附着有粘贴部400的状态的侧面正面图。参照图4,粘贴部400包括第一子粘贴部410和第二子粘贴部420,第一子粘贴部410附着于蓄电池单元111的表面,第二子粘贴部420用于其他蓄电池单元或其他部件间粘贴。在此,其他部件可以是框架140、150、弹性垫310-1、310-4等。另外,电池引线接头431、432设置于蓄电池单元111的两端。
当然,也可以不设置这样的第一子粘贴部410和第二子粘贴部420而使用双面胶带,也可使用热熔胶。
图5是图1示出的端板160a、160b的正面立体图。参照图5,端板160a、160b可包括:主体500;连接母线510,其设置于主体500的前面;焊接棒520-1、520-2,其与顶架140的一端焊接固定;电压感应板550,其与连接母线510进行电连接。
在主体500的前面形成有紧密连接槽501,其与上盖板(图1的130)的两端紧密连接。紧密连接槽501的形状为与上盖板130的末端相同的形状。即,紧密连接槽501为上盖板130的弯曲90°的末端的形状可以插入并安装的形状。为了强化紧密连接,在紧密连接槽501的内侧面也可追加形成辅助紧密连接槽503。此时,在上盖板130的弯曲90°的内侧,末端可形成有凸起部(未示出),以便使得插入辅助紧密连接槽503。
设置于紧密连接槽501的内侧面的连接母线510与蓄电池单元111的电池引线接触。此外,连接母线510设置有多个,为了将其分离而形成有绝缘壁540。为了与蓄电池单元111的串/并联构成连接,连接母线510面积可能会不同。
为了与顶架140进行焊接,在主体500的侧面形成第一焊接棒520-1,在主体500的上部面形成第二焊接棒520-2。
此外,在紧密连接槽501的上部内侧设置有电压感应板550,其用于进行电压感应及电路开闭。电压感应板550与连接母线510连接,且可构成有感应电压的电路及电压产生异常时短路的短路图形。因此,无需使用保险丝。
此外,在主体500的上部形成有固定孔502,连接线120的末端插入固定于所述固定孔502。当然,固定孔502形成宽度的差异及段差。
因此,在连接线120插入固定孔502的状态下,上盖板130覆盖连接线120。
此外,在主体500形成有安装套530-1、530-2,其用于将电池模块安装在电池组(未示出)。此外,构成有与电压感应板550连接的端子部560-1、560-2。
图6是表示图5示出的电压感应板的短路图形电路620的图。参照图6,从电压感应板550的两端610形成具有波浪形的图形620的短路图形电路。
形成有短路图形电路的电压感应板550为柔性印刷电路板(FPCB,FlexiblePrinted Circuit Board)。短路图形620为比短路图形电路的其他部分宽度窄的细波浪形状。
图7是图5示出的端板160a、160b的背面立体图。参照图7,在组装电池组装体110的时候,为了引导插入电池引线并与其他电池引线分离而形成有绝缘壁710。
Claims (18)
1.一种小型电池模块,其特征在于,包括:
电池组装体(110),其组装有多个蓄电池单元(111);
顶架(140),其插入电池组装体(110)的上部外面;
底部框架(150),其插入电池组装体(110)的下部外面,与顶架(140)紧密连接;以及
第一端板(160a)及第二端板(160b),其与电池组装体(110)的两端紧密连接,并固定多个蓄电池单元(111),
多个蓄电池单元(111)并列地排列至少2个以上,
顶架(140)和底部框架(150)借助焊接而得以紧密连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
包括为了多个蓄电池单元(111)的上部和顶架(140)间绝缘而插入的上盖板(130)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
包括连接线(120),其固定于第一端板(160a)和第二端板(160b)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
为了固定连接线(120),在上盖板(130)的内表面形成有固定槽。
8.根据权利要求7所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
为了所述焊接,在底部框架(150)侧面形成有多个挂钩紧密连接件(152),以便安装多个挂钩(141)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
为了使得从电池组装体(110)产生的热放出,底部框架(150)的底面为钻孔有开放孔(153)形态的梯形。
10.根据权利要求9所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
在底面的上部表面上形成有用于绝缘的绝缘涂层(151)。
11.根据权利要求1所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
在并列地排列的2个蓄电池单元(111)之间、蓄电池单元(111)和顶架(140)之间以及蓄电池单元(111)和底部框架(150)之间中至少一个以上,为了补偿接触压力或膨胀压力而设置有垫(310-1、310-2、310-3)。
12.根据权利要求1所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
形成有空隙填充层(320),其用于填充在并列地排列的2个蓄电池单元(111)的下部形成的多个凸出部(113)之间的空间。
13.根据权利要求1所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
在多个蓄电池单元(111)的表面上附着有粘贴部(400)。
14.根据权利要求3所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
端板(160a、160b)包括:
主体(500);
连接母线(510),其设置于形成于主体(500)的前面的紧密连接槽(501)内;
焊接棒(520-1、520-2),其与顶架(140)的一端焊接固定;以及
电压感应板(550),其与连接母线(510)进行电连接。
15.根据权利要求14所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
紧密连接槽(501)的形状与上盖板(130)的末端的形状整合。
16.根据权利要求14所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
在主体(500)的上部形成有固定孔(502),连接线(120)的末端插入固定于固定孔(502)。
17.根据权利要求14所述的小型电池模块,其特征在于,
电压感应板(550)包括如果电压产生异常则短路的短路图形(620),短路图形(620)为波浪形,比其他部分宽度窄。
18.一种具有小型电池模块的电池组,其特征在于,包括:
根据权利要求1的多个小型电池模块(100);以及
冷却水线路(330),其为了将多个小型电池模块(100)以直接冷却方式进行冷却而循环有冷却水,
在并列地排列的2个蓄电池单元(111)的下部形成有凸出部(113),在凸出部(113)和冷却水线路(330)之间形成有填充空隙的空隙填充层(320)。
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KR20220043379A (ko) | 2022-04-05 |
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US11962022B2 (en) | 2024-04-16 |
US20220102799A1 (en) | 2022-03-31 |
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