CN114335807B - Battery cooling system and control method for electric mining dump truck - Google Patents
Battery cooling system and control method for electric mining dump truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN114335807B CN114335807B CN202111682381.2A CN202111682381A CN114335807B CN 114335807 B CN114335807 B CN 114335807B CN 202111682381 A CN202111682381 A CN 202111682381A CN 114335807 B CN114335807 B CN 114335807B
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 286
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery cooling system of an electric mining dump truck, which comprises at least two cooling units, at least two battery packs, a first cooling pipeline and a second cooling pipeline, wherein the cooling units are arranged in parallel; the water outlets of the at least two cooling units are converged and then communicated with the first cooling pipeline, the water inlets of the at least two cooling units are converged and then communicated with the second cooling pipeline, the water inlets of the at least two battery units in each battery pack are converged and then communicated to the first cooling pipeline, and the water outlets of the at least two battery units in each battery pack are converged and then communicated to the second cooling pipeline. The invention also provides a battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment, in particular to a battery cooling system and a control method of an electric mining dump truck.
Background
Along with the gradual large-scale and specialized mining, the requirements on the transportation quality of vehicles are gradually improved, and the main transportation machinery at present is mainly a mining dump truck. The mining dump truck has three pain points: the electric mining dump truck has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation, zero pollution and zero emission, and gradually becomes a first vehicle type in the mine transportation industry.
The power battery is a core component of the electric mining dump truck, electrochemical reaction of the power battery in the charging and discharging process can only occur within a specific temperature range, heat can be continuously generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery, and the influence of the excessive temperature on the performance of the power battery mainly comprises the following steps: operation of the electrochemical system, cycle efficiency, battery rechargeability, power and battery capacity, battery reliability, total life of the battery, and cycle times. At least two requirements should be satisfied when designing the power battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck: the highest running temperature is reduced, and the temperature uniformity is improved. Because the electric mining dump truck works in the severe environment of the mine, the electric mining dump truck is constantly operated continuously for a long time, and a plurality of groups of power batteries with large electric quantity and high energy density are generally adopted, the generated heat is more, and the heat dissipation requirement is higher, so that an independent cooling system capable of meeting the heat dissipation of the power batteries of the electric mining dump truck is necessary to be designed.
The prior art discloses a side-hung battery type electric mine card battery cooling system as disclosed in patent number CN202022436401.5, and the disadvantage is that: 1. the two cooling units are adopted to cool a group of battery packs respectively, so that the number of pipelines is excessive, the arrangement is difficult, the cooling of each battery module is uneven, and the safety and the service life of the battery are affected; 2. the cooling pipeline is not provided with a filter, so that the pipeline and the impurities of the cooling liquid cannot be filtered, and the pipeline is easy to be blocked; 3. the cooling pipeline is not provided with a cooling liquid quick release device, so that the cooling system is inconvenient to maintain, time is wasted, and the attendance of the mine car is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery cooling system and a control method for an electric mining dump truck, which aim to solve or at least partially solve the defects existing in the background art, and the cooling unit and the battery pack which are arranged in parallel are adopted, so that the cooling uniformity of the battery can be improved, pipelines can be saved, and the arrangement is convenient.
The invention provides a battery cooling system of an electric mining dump truck, which comprises at least two cooling units, at least two battery packs, a first cooling pipeline and a second cooling pipeline, wherein the cooling units are arranged in parallel; the water outlets of at least two cooling units are communicated with the first cooling pipeline after being converged, the water inlets of at least two cooling units are communicated with the second cooling pipeline after being converged, the water inlets of at least two battery units in each battery pack are communicated to the first cooling pipeline after being converged, and the water outlets of at least two battery units in each battery pack are communicated to the second cooling pipeline after being converged.
Further, a filter is arranged on a pipeline between the water outlet of the battery pack and the water inlet of the cooling unit.
Further, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises a drainage pipeline, the drainage pipeline is communicated to the first cooling pipeline, and a drainage valve is arranged on the drainage pipeline.
Further, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises an expansion water tank, and a water outlet of the expansion water tank is communicated to a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack and a water inlet of the cooling unit.
Further, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises a vent pipe, one end of the vent pipe is communicated with the expansion water tank, and the other end of the vent pipe is communicated to a pipeline between the water outlet of the cooling unit and the water inlet of the battery pack and/or a pipeline between the water outlet of the battery pack and the water inlet of the cooling unit.
Further, a junction of water inlets of at least two cooling units, a junction of water outlets of at least two cooling units, a communication of a water inlet of the battery pack and the first cooling pipeline, a communication of a water outlet of the battery pack and the second cooling pipeline, a junction of water inlets of at least two battery units in each battery pack, and a junction of water outlets of at least two battery units in each battery pack are all provided with three-way valves or four-way valves.
Further, the at least two cooling units comprise a first cooling unit and a second cooling unit which are arranged in parallel, and the at least two battery packs comprise a first battery pack, a second battery pack and a third battery pack which are arranged in parallel; the water outlet of the first cooling unit and the water outlet of the second cooling unit are communicated with the first cooling pipeline after being converged, and the water inlet of the first battery pack, the water inlet of the second battery pack and the water inlet of the third battery pack are respectively communicated to the first cooling pipeline; the water inlet of the first cooling unit and the water inlet of the second cooling unit are communicated with the second cooling pipeline after being converged, and the water outlet of the first battery pack, the water outlet of the second battery pack and the water outlet of the third battery pack are respectively communicated to the second cooling pipeline.
Further, at least two battery units in each battery pack comprise a first battery unit and a second battery unit which are arranged in parallel, each of the first battery unit and the second battery unit comprises at least two battery modules which are arranged in series, a water inlet of the first battery unit and a water inlet of the second battery unit are communicated onto the first cooling pipeline after being converged, and a water outlet of the first battery unit and a water outlet of the second battery unit are communicated onto the second cooling pipeline after being converged.
The invention also provides a battery cooling control method for the electric mining dump truck, which is applied to the battery cooling system for the electric mining dump truck, wherein the cooling unit comprises three working modes: the battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck comprises the following steps of:
In the running process, when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack is more than or equal to 30 ℃ and the average temperature T mean of the battery pack is more than or equal to 26 ℃, the running cooling is started; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit is more than or equal to 15 ℃, the cooling unit enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit is more than 12 ℃ and less than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit is higher than 12 ℃ and lower than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a refrigeration mode, the cooling unit enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit is less than or equal to 12 ℃, the cooling unit enters a self-circulation mode; when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack is less than or equal to 26 ℃ or the average temperature T mean of the battery pack is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit enters a shutdown mode;
When the battery is charged, when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack is more than or equal to 30 ℃ and the average temperature T mean of the battery pack is more than or equal to 26 ℃, the charging and cooling are started; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the cooling unit enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit is higher than 7 ℃ and lower than 10 ℃, and the former mode is a refrigeration mode, the cooling unit enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit is less than or equal to 7 ℃, the cooling unit enters a self-circulation mode; and when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack is less than or equal to 26 ℃ or the average temperature T mean of the battery pack is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit enters a shutdown mode.
Further, when the cooling unit enters a refrigerating mode, a water pump and refrigerating equipment in the cooling unit are both started; when the cooling unit enters a self-circulation mode, a water pump in the cooling unit is started, and refrigeration equipment in the cooling unit is closed; when the cooling unit enters a shutdown mode, the water pump and the refrigerating equipment in the cooling unit are closed.
According to the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck, the cooling units and the battery packs which are arranged in parallel are adopted, the battery units in each battery pack are arranged in parallel, and the battery modules in each battery unit are arranged in series, namely, by adopting various series-parallel connection modes, the cooling requirement of the power battery of the electric mining dump truck can be met, the cooling uniformity of the battery can be improved, the temperature uniformity of different battery modules in each battery pack is ensured, the safety and the service life of the battery are improved, and in addition, the pipelines and the cost can be saved, so that the electric mining dump truck is convenient to arrange.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cooling system of an electric mining dump truck in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a working flow of the battery cooling control method for the electric mining dump truck in the driving process according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a working flow of the battery cooling control method for the electric mining dump truck according to the embodiment of the invention when the battery is charged.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
The terms upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, top, bottom and the like (if any) in the description and in the claims are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing relative positions of structures in the figures and in describing relative positions of structures. It should be understood that the use of directional terms should not be construed to limit the scope of the application as claimed.
As shown in fig. 1, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises at least two cooling units 1 arranged in parallel, at least two battery packs 2 arranged in parallel, a first cooling pipeline 31 and a second cooling pipeline 32. Each battery pack 2 includes at least two battery cells 20 arranged in parallel, and each battery cell 20 includes at least two battery modules 200 arranged in series. The water outlets of the at least two cooling units 1 are converged and then communicated with the first cooling pipeline 31, the water inlets of the at least two cooling units 1 are converged and then communicated with the second cooling pipeline 32, the water inlets of the at least two battery units 20 in each battery pack 2 are converged and then communicated with the first cooling pipeline 31, and the water outlets of the at least two battery units 20 in each battery pack 2 are converged and then communicated with the second cooling pipeline 32.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cooling unit 1 is mainly composed of a water pump, a water tank, a compressor, a plate heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a cooling fan, a refrigeration device (condenser), a driver, a high-voltage harness, a low-voltage harness, a controller, a temperature sensor, and the like (none of the above component figures is shown or numbered). The water pump is used for driving the cooling liquid (generally cooling water, but can also be other types of cooling liquid) in the pipeline to circularly flow; the condenser exchanges heat with the cooling liquid through the plate heat exchanger after refrigeration so as to cool the cooling liquid; the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit 1 (namely the temperature when the cooling liquid enters the cooling unit 1); the cooling fan cools the battery module 200 by blowing air while operating. When the battery module 200 is cooled, the cooling liquid flows out from the water outlets of the cooling units 1, then merges and flows into the first cooling pipelines 31, and then flows into the battery packs 2 through the first cooling pipelines 31 respectively; in each battery pack 2, the cooling liquid flows through each battery module 200 of each battery cell 20, respectively, so that each battery module 200 is uniformly cooled; the cooling liquid is converged to the second cooling pipeline 32 after flowing through each battery pack 2, then is split to flow to the water inlets of each cooling unit 1 respectively, and flows out from the water outlets of each cooling unit 1 again after being cooled in each cooling unit 1, so that the cooling liquid circulates.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by adopting the cooling unit 1 and the battery packs 2 that are arranged in parallel, each battery unit 20 in each battery pack 2 is arranged in parallel, and each battery module 200 in each battery unit 20 is arranged in series, that is, by adopting various series-parallel modes, not only can the heat dissipation requirement of the power battery of the electric mining dump truck be satisfied, but also the cooling uniformity of the battery can be improved, the uniformity of the temperature of different battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2 can be ensured, the safety and the service life of the battery can be improved, and the pipeline and the cost can be saved, so that the arrangement is convenient.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a filter 4 is provided on a pipe line between the water outlet of the battery pack 2 and the water inlet of the cooling unit 1.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, a filter 4 is provided at the water inlet of each cooling unit 1. Because the electric mining dumper works in a mining area for a long time, the working environment is complex, the road is rugged, and dust is large, a filter 4 is arranged at the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 to filter impurities in cooling liquid, thereby preventing the cooling pipeline and the cooling unit 1 from being blocked.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further includes a drain pipe 5, the drain pipe 5 is connected to the first cooling pipe 31, and a drain valve 51 is provided on the drain pipe 5.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the drain line 5 is communicated to the first cooling line 31 through the four-way valve 82 (of course, in other embodiments, the three-way valve 81 may be employed as well). During maintenance, the cooling liquid in the pipeline can be conveniently and rapidly discharged through the drain valve 51, so that maintenance operation is convenient.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further includes an expansion tank 6, and a water outlet of the expansion tank 6 is connected to a pipe line between a water outlet of the battery pack 2 and a water inlet of the cooling unit 1.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the expansion tank 6 is connected to the water inlet pipe of the cooling unit 1 through a water supplementing pipe by means of a three-way valve 81, and the expansion tank 6 stores therein a cooling liquid (cooling water) for supplementing the cooling pipe.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further includes a vent pipe 7, one end of the vent pipe 7 is communicated with the expansion tank 6, and the other end of the vent pipe 7 is communicated to a pipe between the water outlet of the cooling unit 1 and the water inlet of the battery pack 2 and/or a pipe between the water outlet of the battery pack 2 and the water inlet of the cooling unit 1.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the number of the ventilation pipes 7 is two, wherein one end of one ventilation pipe 7 is communicated with the expansion tank 6, and the other end is communicated to a pipeline between the water outlet of the cooling unit 1 and the water inlet of the battery pack 2; one end of the other vent pipe 7 is communicated with the expansion water tank 6, and the other end of the other vent pipe is communicated to a pipeline between the water outlet of the battery pack 2 and the water inlet of the cooling unit 1. In the operation process, the pressure in the cooling pipeline is gradually increased because the gas is brought into the cooling pipeline, and the gas in the cooling pipeline is discharged to the expansion water tank 6 through the vent pipe 7 by arranging the vent pipe 7 so as to maintain the stability of the pressure in the cooling pipeline, and meanwhile, the pressure in the expansion water tank 6 and the pressure in the cooling pipeline are kept balanced, so that the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank 6 can smoothly flow into the cooling pipeline.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the junction of the water inlets of the at least two cooling units 1, the junction of the water outlets of the at least two cooling units 1, the communication of the water inlet of the battery pack 2 with the first cooling pipe 31, the communication of the water outlet of the battery pack 2 with the second cooling pipe 32, the junction of the water inlets of the at least two battery cells 20 in each battery pack 2, and the junction of the water outlets of the at least two battery cells 20 in each battery pack 2 are all provided with a three-way valve 81 or a four-way valve 82.
Specifically, by arranging the three-way valve 81 or the four-way valve 82 at the junction of each parallel branch, the cooling liquid can uniformly flow through each branch, so that the cooling uniformity of the battery is further improved, the uniformity of the temperatures of different battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2 is ensured, repeated pipeline arrangement can be reduced, and the cost is saved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the number of at least two cooling units 1 is two, including a first cooling unit 11 and a second cooling unit 12 that are arranged in parallel, and the power of the first cooling unit 11 and the power of the second cooling unit 12 are the same; the number of the at least two battery packs 2 is three, including a first battery pack a, a second battery pack B, and a third battery pack C, which are arranged in parallel. The water outlet of the first cooling unit 11 and the water outlet of the second cooling unit 12 are converged and then are communicated with the first cooling pipeline 31, and the water inlet of the first battery pack A, the water inlet of the second battery pack B and the water inlet of the third battery pack C are respectively communicated to the first cooling pipeline 31; the water inlet of the first cooling unit 11 and the water inlet of the second cooling unit 12 are communicated with the second cooling pipeline 32 after being combined, and the water outlet of the first battery pack A, the water outlet of the second battery pack B and the water outlet of the third battery pack C are respectively communicated to the second cooling pipeline 32. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the cooling units 1 and the number of the battery packs 2 may be more, and the specific number may be set according to actual requirements.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, at least two battery cells 20 in each battery pack 2 include a first battery cell 21 and a second battery cell 22 that are arranged in parallel, and the first battery cell 21 and the second battery cell 22 each include at least two battery modules 200 that are arranged in series. The water inlet of the first battery unit 21 and the water inlet of the second battery unit 22 are communicated to the first cooling pipeline 31 after being combined, and the water outlet of the first battery unit 21 and the water outlet of the second battery unit 22 are communicated to the second cooling pipeline 32 after being combined.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first battery unit 21 includes three battery modules 200 arranged in series, and the second battery unit 22 includes two battery modules 200 arranged in series, that is, five battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2 in the present embodiment adopt a 3+2 series-parallel manner, so as to ensure temperature uniformity of each battery module 200 in each battery pack 2 and each unit cell in each battery module 200. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of battery cells 20 in each battery pack 2 and the number of battery modules 200 in each battery cell 20 may be set according to actual requirements.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the embodiment of the invention further provides a battery cooling control method for the electric mining dump truck, which is applied to the battery cooling system for the electric mining dump truck. Wherein, the cooling unit 1 comprises the following three working modes: the battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck comprises the following steps of:
1. In the running process, when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack 2 is more than or equal to 30 ℃ and the average temperature T mean of the battery pack 2 is more than or equal to 26 ℃, the running cooling is started; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than or equal to 15 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than 12 ℃ and less than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit 1 enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is higher than 12 ℃ and lower than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a refrigeration mode, the cooling unit 1 enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is less than or equal to 12 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a self-circulation mode;
when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack 2 is less than or equal to 26 ℃ or the average temperature T mean of the battery pack 2 is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a shutdown mode.
2. When the battery is charged, when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack 2 is more than or equal to 30 ℃ and the average temperature T mean of the battery pack 2 is more than or equal to 26 ℃, the charging and cooling are started; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit 1 enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, and the former mode is a refrigeration mode, the cooling unit 1 enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is less than or equal to 7 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a self-circulation mode;
when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack 2 is less than or equal to 26 ℃ or the average temperature T mean of the battery pack 2 is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a shutdown mode.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the highest temperature T max of the battery packs 2 refers to the highest temperature of all the batteries in each battery pack 2, and the average temperature T mean of the battery packs 2 refers to the average temperature of all the batteries in each battery pack 2 within a certain period of time T. For example: when the temperature of a certain cell in the battery pack 2 reaches 30 ℃, the average temperature of all cells in each battery pack 2 in the following period t (for example, t is 0.5 ms) is detected and calculated.
Specifically, because the working characteristics of the electric mining dump truck working in the mining area are mainly long-time continuous operation, the power battery is always in a charge and discharge state, the generated heat is more, the power battery is continuously in a high-temperature state, and the self-heating function of the battery pack is enough to meet the heating requirement of the battery pack, the embodiment adopts three control modes, namely a shutdown mode, a self-circulation mode and a refrigeration mode, so that the cooling requirement of the battery can be met, the cost is well controlled, the temperature of the battery can be ensured to be in a set range, the safety of the battery is improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Further, in this embodiment, when the cooling unit 1 enters the cooling mode, the water pump and the refrigerating device (condenser) in the cooling unit 1 are both turned on, and the cooling fan is also turned on synchronously, so that the cooling liquid in the cooling pipeline circulates and flows, and the refrigerating device cools the cooling liquid; when the cooling unit 1 enters a self-circulation mode, a water pump in the cooling unit 1 is started, refrigerating equipment and a cooling fan in the cooling unit 1 are closed, at the moment, cooling liquid in a cooling pipeline circularly flows, and the refrigerating equipment does not cool the cooling liquid; when the cooling unit 1 enters a shutdown mode, the water pump, the refrigerating equipment and the cooling fan in the cooling unit 1 are all closed, at the moment, the cooling liquid in the cooling pipeline does not flow circularly, and the refrigerating equipment does not cool the cooling liquid.
The battery cooling system and the control method for the electric mining dump truck provided by the embodiment have the advantages that:
1. According to the embodiment, the cooling unit 1 arranged in parallel and the battery packs 2 arranged in parallel are adopted, the battery units 20 in each battery pack 2 are arranged in parallel, and the battery modules 200 in each battery unit 20 are arranged in series, namely, by adopting various series-parallel connection modes, the heat dissipation requirement of the power battery of the electric mining dump truck can be met, the highest temperature of the battery is effectively reduced, the cooling uniformity of the battery can be improved, the temperature uniformity of different battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2 is ensured, the safety and the service life of the battery are improved, and the pipeline and the cost are saved, so that the arrangement is convenient;
2. In order to adapt to the working environment with large dust in a mining area, the embodiment is provided with a filter 4 at the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 to filter impurities in the cooling liquid, thereby preventing the cooling pipeline and the cooling unit 1 from being blocked;
3. In order to adapt to the characteristics of long-time continuous operation and high maintenance frequency of the pure electric mining dump truck, the drainage pipeline 5 and the drainage valve 51 are arranged, and the drainage valve 51 can conveniently and rapidly drain the cooling liquid in the pipeline during maintenance, so that the maintenance operation is convenient, the time is saved, and the benefit is improved;
4. In order to meet the working requirements of continuous periodic charge and discharge of the power battery of the pure electric mining dump truck, the embodiment adopts three control modes of a shutdown mode, a self-circulation mode and a refrigeration mode, is simple and practical, can meet the cooling requirement of the battery, well controls the cost, can ensure that the temperature of the battery is in a set range, and improves the safety and the service life of the battery;
5. in this embodiment, by arranging the three-way valve 81 or the four-way valve 82 at the junction of each parallel branch, the cooling liquid can uniformly flow through each branch, so as to further improve the cooling uniformity of the battery, ensure the uniformity of the temperatures of different battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2, reduce repeated pipeline arrangement, and save cost.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck is characterized by comprising at least two cooling units (1) arranged in parallel, at least two battery packs (2) arranged in parallel, a first cooling pipeline (31) and a second cooling pipeline (32), wherein each battery pack (2) comprises at least two battery units (20) arranged in parallel, and each battery unit (20) comprises at least two battery modules (200) arranged in series; the water outlets of the at least two cooling units (1) are communicated with the first cooling pipeline (31) after being converged, the water inlets of the at least two cooling units (1) are communicated with the second cooling pipeline (32) after being converged, the water inlets of the at least two battery units (20) in each battery pack (2) are communicated to the first cooling pipeline (31) after being converged, and the water outlets of the at least two battery units (20) in each battery pack (2) are communicated to the second cooling pipeline (32) after being converged;
The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises an expansion water tank (6) and a vent pipe (7), wherein the water outlet of the expansion water tank (6) is communicated to a pipeline between the water outlet of the battery pack (2) and the water inlet of the cooling unit (1); one end of the vent pipe (7) is communicated with the expansion water tank (6), and the other end of the vent pipe (7) is communicated to a pipeline between a water outlet of the cooling unit (1) and a water inlet of the battery pack (2) and/or a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack (2) and a water inlet of the cooling unit (1).
2. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that a filter (4) is arranged on a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack (2) and a water inlet of the cooling unit (1).
3. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, further comprising a drainage pipeline (5), wherein the drainage pipeline (5) is communicated to the first cooling pipeline (31), and a drainage valve (51) is arranged on the drainage pipeline (5).
4. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that a junction of water inlets of at least two of the cooling units (1), a junction of water outlets of at least two of the cooling units (1), a communication of a water inlet of the battery pack (2) and the first cooling pipeline (31), a communication of a water outlet of the battery pack (2) and the second cooling pipeline (32), a junction of water inlets of at least two of the battery cells (20) in each of the battery packs (2), and a junction of water outlets of at least two of the battery cells (20) in each of the battery packs (2) are each provided with a three-way valve (81) or a four-way valve (82).
5. The battery cooling system of an electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two of the cooling units (1) include a first cooling unit (11) and a second cooling unit (12) arranged in parallel, and at least two of the battery packs (2) include a first battery pack (a), a second battery pack (B) and a third battery pack (C) arranged in parallel; the water outlet of the first cooling unit (11) and the water outlet of the second cooling unit (12) are communicated with the first cooling pipeline (31) after being converged, and the water inlet of the first battery pack (A), the water inlet of the second battery pack (B) and the water inlet of the third battery pack (C) are respectively communicated to the first cooling pipeline (31); the water inlet of the first cooling unit (11) and the water inlet of the second cooling unit (12) are communicated with the second cooling pipeline (32) after being combined, and the water outlet of the first battery pack (A), the water outlet of the second battery pack (B) and the water outlet of the third battery pack (C) are respectively communicated to the second cooling pipeline (32).
6. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, wherein at least two battery units (20) in each battery pack (2) comprise a first battery unit (21) and a second battery unit (22) which are arranged in parallel, each of the first battery unit (21) and the second battery unit (22) comprises at least two battery modules (200) which are arranged in series, a water inlet of the first battery unit (21) and a water inlet of the second battery unit (22) are communicated to the first cooling pipeline (31) after being combined, and a water outlet of the first battery unit (21) and a water outlet of the second battery unit (22) are communicated to the second cooling pipeline (32) after being combined.
7. A battery cooling control method for an electric mining dump truck, characterized by being applied to the battery cooling system for an electric mining dump truck according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cooling unit (1) comprises three operation modes: the battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck comprises the following steps of:
In the running process, when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack (2) is more than or equal to 30 ℃ and the average temperature T mean of the battery pack (2) is more than or equal to 26 ℃, the running cooling is started; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than or equal to 15 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than 12 ℃ and less than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit (1) enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is higher than 12 ℃ and lower than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a refrigeration mode, the cooling unit (1) enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is less than or equal to 12 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a self-circulation mode; when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack (2) is less than or equal to 26 ℃ or the average temperature T mean of the battery pack (2) is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a shutdown mode;
When the battery is charged, when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack (2) is more than or equal to 30 ℃ and the average temperature T mean of the battery pack (2) is more than or equal to 26 ℃, the charging cooling is started; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit (1) enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, and the former mode is a refrigeration mode, the cooling unit (1) enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is less than or equal to 7 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a self-circulation mode; when the highest temperature T max of the battery pack (2) is less than or equal to 26 ℃ or the average temperature T mean of the battery pack (2) is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a shutdown mode.
8. The battery cooling control method for the electric mining dump truck according to claim 7, characterized in that when the cooling unit (1) enters a cooling mode, both a water pump and a refrigerating device in the cooling unit (1) are turned on; when the cooling unit (1) enters a self-circulation mode, a water pump in the cooling unit (1) is started, and refrigeration equipment in the cooling unit (1) is closed; when the cooling unit (1) enters a shutdown mode, the water pump and the refrigerating equipment in the cooling unit (1) are closed.
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