CN114335632B - Two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method for heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system - Google Patents

Two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method for heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system Download PDF

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CN114335632B
CN114335632B CN202210249076.2A CN202210249076A CN114335632B CN 114335632 B CN114335632 B CN 114335632B CN 202210249076 A CN202210249076 A CN 202210249076A CN 114335632 B CN114335632 B CN 114335632B
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CN114335632A (en
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彭飞
武科文
李鑫
王凯
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Qingdao University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method for a heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system, which belongs to the field of real-time optimization control of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system and comprises the following steps: initializing system control, namely initializing a top layer power distribution coefficient matrix and a bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system and power switching sequences of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of power cell systems at the bottom layer; the method comprises the following steps of distributing system top power based on real-time traction load requirements, wherein the system top power is distributed in a system charging process and in a system discharging process; and the system bottom layer power distribution based on the system top layer power distribution result is divided into system charging process bottom layer power distribution and discharging process bottom layer power distribution. The invention adopts a layered energy management method to optimize the efficiency in real time, and can realize the improvement of the fuel economy of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system.

Description

Two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method for heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of real-time optimization control of a heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system, and particularly relates to a two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system.
Background
The large use of traditional energy causes energy crisis and environmental problems, and the development of new energy is urgent. The hydrogen energy has wide sources and high energy density, and is expected to become a substitute of the traditional energy. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell has good application prospect as a hydrogen energy power generation carrier due to outstanding performance, and is particularly applied to the fields of transportation, aerospace, micro-grid and the like. However, the hybrid power system formed by the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the energy storage system can meet the rapid change of the power requirement in the actual working condition, the running performance and the safety and reliability of the system are comprehensively considered, and the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system formed by a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of energy storage systems becomes an inevitable trend.
An effective multiple coordinated control strategy is critical to the power distribution of heavy duty fuel cell hybrid systems. The existing real-time power distribution method of the fuel cell hybrid power system mainly depends on engineering experience or independently treats a fuel cell system and a power cell system which form the hybrid power system, and particularly for a heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system which is formed by a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of power cell systems, the optimal real-time efficiency of the system cannot be realized. The optimal solution of the power distribution of the hybrid power system is mainly obtained through offline calculation based on the global working conditions, the optimal solution is difficult to use in an actual online control system, and the requirement of the real-time efficiency optimization of the fuel cell hybrid power system cannot be met. In addition, unreasonable multiple sets of system switching strategies can cause accelerated degradation of service performance of the system, and have adverse effects on service life of the hybrid power system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method for a heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system, which is used for carrying out optimization control management on the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method for a heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system comprises the following steps:
s1, initializing system control, and initializing a top layer power distribution coefficient matrix and a bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system and power switching sequences of a plurality of fuel cell systems and a plurality of power cell systems at the bottom layer;
s2, performing system top power distribution based on real-time traction load requirements, wherein the system top power distribution comprises system charging process top power distribution and discharging process top power distribution;
and S3, performing system bottom layer power distribution based on the system top layer power distribution result, wherein the system bottom layer power distribution comprises system charging process bottom layer power distribution and discharging process bottom layer power distribution.
Further, step S1 includes the following steps:
s101, initializing a primary term coefficient matrix of top layer power distribution of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Sum constant term coefficient matrix
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Comprises the following steps:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
respectively representing a primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix in a top-level distribution formula;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems in the process of top power distribution;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems in the top power distribution process;
wherein
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
And
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
the coefficient expressions are shown in formula (2):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
(2)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
respectively representing secondary coefficient and primary coefficient of a secondary function expression of a lumped output power model of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems with top power distribution;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
representing secondary term coefficients of a lumped equivalent hydrogen consumption model of a plurality of sets of power battery systems with top-level power distribution;jthe serial number of the fuel cell system or the power cell system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
a first-order coefficient representing a quadratic function form of a total output power model of the single fuel cell system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
respectively representing the reciprocal of the secondary coefficient of the total output power model of each single set of fuel cell system and the equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single set of power cell system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
indicating multiple sets of power cell systemsSOCAverage value;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is an adjustable constant;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
、
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
respectively representing multiple sets of power battery systemsUpper and lower state of charge of (d);
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
represents the loss factor;nrepresenting the number of individual fuel cell systems in a plurality of fuel cell systems;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a multi-power battery system;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(3)
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
the coefficient of the quadratic term of the total output power model of each single set of fuel cell system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
、
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
respectively representing quadratic term coefficients, internal resistances and open-circuit voltages of equivalent hydrogen consumption models of a plurality of sets of power battery systems in the discharging process;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
representing the current capacity of each single set of power battery system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
representing the charge state of each single set of power battery system;
s102, calculating power distribution coefficient matrixes of a plurality of fuel cell systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system, wherein the power distribution coefficient matrixes comprise primary term coefficient matrixes of power distribution formulas of the bottom layer related to upper power limits of the plurality of fuel cell systems
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Constant term coefficient matrix of bottom layer power distribution formula related to upper power limit of multiple sets of fuel cell systems
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
(ii) a The specific calculation process is as follows:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
(4)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 550518DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
and
Figure 920189DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
respectively representing a primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix of a bottom-layer multi-set fuel cell system power distribution formula related to the upper power limit of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
representing the upper power limit of each single fuel cell system;nindicating the number of single fuel cell systems in a plurality of fuel cell systems;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
a first order coefficient representing a power distribution equation for a plurality of fuel cell systems;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
constant term coefficients representing a power distribution equation for a plurality of fuel cell systems; wherein
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
And
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
the expression is shown in formula (5):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
(5)
wherein s represents the number of fuel cell systems participating in regulation at this time; n represents the number of single fuel cell systems in the plurality of fuel cell systems;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
respectively representing the reciprocal and the first term coefficient of the quadratic function form of the total output power model of each single fuel cell system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
(6)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
respectively representing a primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix of a bottom-layer multi-set fuel cell system power distribution formula related to the lower power limit of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
represents the lower power limit of each individual fuel cell system;
s103, calculating distribution coefficient matrixes of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system, including primary term coefficient matrixes of power distribution formulas of upper power limits of the plurality of sets of power battery systems and the bottom layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
Constant term coefficient matrix of power distribution formula of bottom layer related to upper power limit of multiple sets of power battery systems
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
(ii) a The specific calculation process is as follows:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
(7)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 103521DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
and
Figure 967571DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient matrix of a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel battery hybrid power system related to the upper power limit;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
representing the upper power limit of each single set of power battery system;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a plurality of power battery systems;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
a first order coefficient representing a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
constant term coefficients of a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems are represented; wherein
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
And
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
the expression is shown in formula (8):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
(8)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,sindicating the number of power battery systems participating in regulation at that time；mRepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a plurality of power battery systems;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
respectively representing the reciprocal and the first term coefficient of a quadratic factor in the form of a quadratic function of the equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single set of power battery system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
(9)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
representing a primary coefficient matrix and a constant coefficient matrix of a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel battery hybrid power system related to the lower power limit;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
representing the lower power limit of each single set of power battery system;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a plurality of power battery systems;
s104, calculating a plurality of switching sequences of the power of a plurality of fuel cell systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system:
the sequence of determining the maximum power limit of each single fuel cell system according to the performance of each single fuel cell system for the multi-fuel cell system is shown as the formula (10):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
(10)
will be calculated to obtainnAn
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
Obtaining the sequence of the maximum power limiting order according to ascending order
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
；
Then according to the obtained maximum power limiting sequence
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
Maximum power limit for corresponding single fuel cell system
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
And accumulating to further calculate the power requirement of the system when the corresponding single fuel cell system reaches the maximum power limit, namely the maximum power limit power switching point is shown as the formula (11):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
(11)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
Obtaining maximum power limiting sequence according to ascending order
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
；
The sequence of determining the output power of each single fuel cell system to be reduced to the minimum power limit according to the performance of each single fuel cell system for the multiple fuel cell systems is shown as the formula (12):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
(12)
will be calculated to obtainnAn
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
Obtaining the limiting sequence of reducing the output power of each single fuel cell system to the minimum power according to descending order
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
；
Then according to the minimum power limiting sequence
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
Minimum power limit for corresponding individual fuel cell systems
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
And accumulating to calculate the power requirement of the system when the output power of the corresponding single fuel cell system is reduced to the minimum power limit, namely the minimum power limit power switching point is shown as the formula (13):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
(13)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
Arranging the minimum power limiting sequence according to the ascending order
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
；
S105, calculating a power switching sequence of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel battery hybrid power system:
the sequence for determining that each single set of power battery system reaches the maximum power limit according to the performance advantages and disadvantages of each single set of power battery system for the multiple sets of power battery systems is shown as a formula (14):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
(14)
will be calculated to obtainmThe sequence is arranged in ascending order to obtain the sequence reaching the maximum power limit
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
；
Then according to the obtained maximum power limiting sequence
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
Maximum power limit for corresponding single-set power battery system
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 of
Figure 628883DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
Accumulating, and further calculating the power requirement of the system when the corresponding single set of power battery system reaches the maximum power limit, namely the maximum power limit power switching point is as shown in formula (15):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
(15)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
Obtaining maximum power limiting sequence according to ascending order
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
；
The sequence of determining the limitation that the output power of each single set of power battery system is reduced to the minimum power according to the performance of each single set of power battery system for the multiple sets of power battery systems is as shown in formula (16):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
(16)
will be calculated to obtainmAn
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
Obtaining the limiting sequence of reducing the output power of each single set of power battery system to the minimum power according to descending order
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
；
Then according to the minimum power limiting sequence
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
Minimum power limit for corresponding single set of power battery system
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure 294088DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
And accumulating to calculate the power requirement of the system when the output power of the corresponding single set of power battery system is reduced to the minimum power limit, namely the minimum power limit power switching point is as shown in the formula (17):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
(17)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
Arranging the minimum power limiting sequence according to the ascending order
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
；
The coefficient of a quadratic function form equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single power battery system in the multiple power battery systems in the charging and discharging process is shown as the formula (18):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
(18)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
respectively representing quadratic term coefficients of equivalent hydrogen consumption models of each single set of power battery system in a discharging process and a charging process;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
respectively showing the equivalent internal resistance of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
respectively representing the open-circuit voltage of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
respectively representing the first-order coefficient of the equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
constant term coefficients of equivalent hydrogen consumption models of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process are respectively expressed;ithe serial number of each single set of power battery system is shown;mindicating the number of multiple sets of power battery systems;
further, calculating a bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix and a power switching sequence of the multiple sets of power battery systems, wherein a charging coefficient is obtained in the charging process, and a discharging coefficient is obtained in the discharging process;
the total output power model secondary function expressions of each single fuel cell system in the multiple fuel cell systems in the charging and discharging process are the same, so that the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix and the power switching point in the charging and discharging process are the same.
Further, step S2 includes the following steps:
s201, distributing top power of a system based on real-time traction load requirements, wherein the top power distribution in a discharging process comprises the following specific steps:
discharge process the top level power allocation process is shown as equation (19):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
(19)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems in the process of top power distribution;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
respectively representing primary term coefficients and constant term coefficients in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems in the process of distributing top power;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
representing a total power demand of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
respectively representing the top-level power distribution power demands of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of power cell systems;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
respectively representing the traction power and the stray loss of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system;
s202, distributing the top power of the system based on the real-time traction load requirement, wherein the top power distribution in the charging process comprises the following specific steps:
the following conditions are:
if the power of the multiple sets of fuel cell systems corresponding to the maximum efficiency of the hybrid power system is in
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
Meanwhile, the output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems is shown as the formula (20):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
(20)
further, performing power distribution of a second layer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
representing the total power output of the plurality of fuel cell systems when each single fuel cell system is operated at the minimum power output;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
representing the total power output of the plurality of fuel cell systems when each single fuel cell system is operated at the maximum power output; the concrete form is as follows:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
(21)
wherein variables a, b and c represent intermediate variables used for calculating the output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems when the efficiency of the hybrid power system is maximum;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
respectively representing secondary coefficient and primary coefficient of a secondary function expression of a lumped output power model of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems with top power distribution;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
representing secondary term coefficients of a lumped equivalent hydrogen consumption model of a plurality of sets of power battery systems with top-level power distribution;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
constant term coefficients of a quadratic function expression of a lumped output power model of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems for top power distribution;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
(22)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
and
Figure 463252DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
respectively representing total output power of single fuel cell systemA first term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in the form of a model quadratic function;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
have the same meaning;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
representing the traction power of the fuel cell hybrid system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE130
representing a stray power loss of the fuel cell hybrid system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE131
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE132
respectively representing the power demands distributed to a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of power cell systems in the top layer power distribution process in the charging process;
case two:
if the power of the plurality of sets of fuel cell systems corresponding to the maximum efficiency of the hybrid power system is not in the state of
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE133
In the above-mentioned manner,
each individual fuel cell system maintains a minimum power output, i.e.
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE134
The output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems is
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE135
(ii) a Further, bottom layer power allocation is performed.
Further, step S3 includes the following steps:
s301, the specific steps of bottom layer power distribution in the discharging process of the multiple sets of fuel cell systems are as follows:
for multiple fuel cell systems in a discharge process, the power requirements of the multiple fuel cell systems are distributed as the top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE136
At the moment, all the single fuel cell systems do not participate in power regulation, and the net output power of all the single fuel cell systems meets the requirement
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE137
，
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE138
Represents a minimum output power limit of a single fuel cell system;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as top layer distribution
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE139
The net output power of each individual fuel cell stack is shown in equation (23):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE140
(23)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE141
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE142
respectively representing the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix related to the lower power limit of the fuel cell systemKAndLto (1) ai-1 column;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as the top layer distributes
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE143
The net output power of each individual fuel cell stack is shown as equation (24):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE144
(24)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE145
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE146
the nth columns of the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L respectively representing the lower limit of the power distribution of the fuel cell system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE147
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE148
the nth columns of the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L respectively represent the upper limit of the power distribution of the fuel cell system;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as top layer distribution
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE149
The net output power of each individual fuel cell stack is shown by equation (25):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
(25)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE151
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE152
the (n-i + 1) th columns of the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L respectively represent the upper power limit of the fuel cell system;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as top layer distribution
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE153
At the moment, the output power of all the single fuel cell systems reaches the maximum output power limit, the regulation and control are quitted, and the net output power of all the single fuel cell systems meets the requirement
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
，
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE155
Represents the maximum power output limit of a single fuel cell system;
for a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems in the charging process, the power distribution process is the same as the discharging process;
s302, the specific steps of bottom layer power distribution in the discharging process of the multiple sets of power battery systems are as follows:
for the multi-set power battery system in the discharging process, the power requirement of the multi-set power battery system distributed at the top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE156
At the moment, all the single set of power battery systems do not participate in power regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE157
，
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE158
Represents the minimum output power limit of a single set of power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE159
In time, the net output power of each single set of power cell system is as shown in equation (26):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE160
(26)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE161
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE162
matrix for respectively representing bottom layer power distribution coefficients related to lower power limit of power battery systemKAndLto (1) ai-1 column;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE163
In the meantime, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is as shown in formula (27):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE164
(27)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE165
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE166
respectively representing the m-th columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the lower power distribution limit of the power battery system;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE167
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE168
respectively representing the m columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the power distribution upper limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE169
In time, the net output power of each single set of power cell system is as shown in equation (28):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE170
(28)
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE171
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE172
respectively representing the n-i +1 th columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the upper power limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE173
And then all the single set of power battery systems reach the maximum output power limit, and quit regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE174
，
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE175
Represents the maximum power output limit of a single set of power battery system;
s303, the specific steps of bottom layer power distribution in the charging process of the multiple sets of power battery systems are as follows:
firstly, determining a top-layer power distribution result of a plurality of sets of power battery systems according to the step S202;
furthermore, for charging process multiple power battery systems, when the power demand of the multiple power battery systems distributed at the top layer is required
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE176
At the moment, all the single set of power battery systems do not participate in power regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE177
，
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE178
Represents the minimum output power limit of a single set of power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE179
And then, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is shown as the formula (29):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE180
(29)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE181
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE182
matrix for respectively representing bottom layer power distribution coefficients related to lower power limit of power battery systemKAndLto (1) ai-1 column;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE183
In the process, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is as shown in formula (30):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE184
(30)
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE185
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE186
respectively, the base associated with the lower limit of the power distribution of the power battery systemThe mth column of the layer power distribution coefficient matrices K and L;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE187
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE188
respectively representing the m columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the power distribution upper limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE189
In the process, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is as shown in formula (31):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE190
(31)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE191
and
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE192
respectively representing the n-i +1 th columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the upper power limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE193
And then all the single set of power battery systems reach the maximum output power limit, and quit regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE194
，
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE195
Representing maximum work of a single-set power battery systemA rate output limit;
and finally, if the fuel cell hybrid power system stops running, the output power of all the cell systems is zero.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
compared with the existing energy management strategy of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system, the invention adopts a layered (top layer and bottom layer) energy management method, comprehensively considers the influence of the performance difference of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and the performance difference of the plurality of sets of power cell systems on the equivalent hydrogen consumption of the hybrid power system, optimizes the efficiency in real time, and can realize the improvement of the fuel economy of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of a two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method of a heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of the initialization steps in the two-tier real-time efficiency optimization method of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed flowchart of the top level power allocation step based on real-time tractive power demand in the two-level real-time efficiency optimization method of a heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a detailed flowchart of the bottom layer power distribution step based on the top layer power distribution result in the two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a more detailed flowchart of the top power distribution result and the power switching point in the bottom power distribution step of the two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method for a heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of top-level allocated power versus total power demand of the system during a discharge process in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of bottom layer distributed power of a fuel cell system as a function of total power demand of the system during discharge in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of power distributed by the bottom layer of the power battery system during discharge as a function of the total power demand of the system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of top-level allocated power versus total power demand of the system during charging in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph of bottom layer distributed power of a fuel cell system as a function of total power demand of the system during charging in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of power distributed by the bottom layer of the power battery system as a function of total power demand of the system during charging in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system comprises a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of power cell systems.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method for a heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system includes the following steps:
step S1, initializing system control, and initializing a top layer power distribution coefficient matrix and a bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system and power switching sequences of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of power cell systems at the bottom layer; as shown in fig. 2, the specific steps are as follows:
s101, initializing a primary term coefficient matrix of top layer power distribution of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system
Figure 286587DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Sum constant term coefficient matrix
Figure 407996DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Comprises the following steps:
Figure 870201DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 827793DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
and
Figure 282914DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
respectively representing a primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix in a top-level distribution formula;
Figure 9561DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
and
Figure 908247DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems in the process of top power distribution;
Figure 618714DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
and
Figure 346368DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems in the top power distribution process;
wherein
Figure 458680DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
And
Figure 262688DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
the coefficient expressions are shown in formula (2):
Figure 444140DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
(2)
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 991796DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
and
Figure 693036DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
respectively representing secondary coefficient and primary coefficient of a secondary function expression of a lumped output power model of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems with top power distribution;
Figure 182792DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
representing secondary term coefficients of a lumped equivalent hydrogen consumption model of a plurality of sets of power battery systems with top-level power distribution;jthe serial number of the fuel cell system or the power cell system;
Figure 602272DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
a first-order coefficient representing a quadratic function form of a total output power model of the single fuel cell system;
Figure 688039DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
and
Figure 509365DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
respectively representing the reciprocal of the secondary coefficient of the total output power model of each single fuel cell system and the equivalent hydrogen consumption model of the single power cell system;
Figure 904443DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
indicating multiple power cell systemsSOCAverage value;
Figure 811219DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is an adjustable constant;
Figure 435098DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
、
Figure 625777DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the state of charge of a plurality of sets of power battery systems;
Figure 208068DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
represents the loss factor;nrepresenting the number of individual fuel cell systems in a plurality of fuel cell systems;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a multi-power battery system;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 336561DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(3)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 278978DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
the coefficient of the quadratic term of the total output power model of each single set of fuel cell system;
Figure 543738DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
、
Figure 296930DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
and
Figure 161987DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
respectively representing quadratic term coefficients, internal resistances and open-circuit voltages of equivalent hydrogen consumption models of a plurality of sets of power battery systems in the discharging process;
Figure 393248DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
representing the current capacity of each single set of power battery system;
Figure 778093DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
representing the charge state of each single set of power battery system;
s102, calculating power distribution coefficient matrixes of a plurality of fuel cell systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system, wherein the power distribution coefficient matrixes comprise primary term coefficient matrixes of power distribution formulas of the bottom layer related to upper power limits of the plurality of fuel cell systems
Figure 420296DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Constant term coefficient matrix of bottom layer power distribution formula related to upper power limit of multiple sets of fuel cell systems
Figure 788960DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
(ii) a The specific calculation process is as follows:
Figure 558333DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
(4)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 312531DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
and
Figure 141947DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
respectively representing a primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix of a bottom-layer multi-set fuel cell system power distribution formula related to the upper power limit of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system;
Figure 732328DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
representing the upper power limit of each single fuel cell system;nindicating the number of single fuel cell systems in a plurality of fuel cell systems;
Figure 820239DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
a first order coefficient representing a power distribution equation for a plurality of fuel cell systems;
Figure 914097DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
constant term coefficients representing a power distribution equation for a plurality of fuel cell systems; wherein
Figure 914414DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
And
Figure 241359DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
the expression is shown in formula (5):
Figure 618114DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
(5)
wherein s represents the number of fuel cell systems participating in regulation at this time; n represents the number of single fuel cell systems in the plurality of fuel cell systems;
Figure 832057DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
and
Figure 518122DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
model for respectively representing total output power of each single fuel cell systemThe reciprocal of the quadratic term coefficient and the first order coefficient in the form of a quadratic function;
Figure 817517DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
(6)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 997962DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
and
Figure 315680DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
respectively representing a primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix of a bottom-layer multi-set fuel cell system power distribution formula related to the lower power limit of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system;
Figure 923379DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
represents the lower power limit of each individual fuel cell system;
s103, calculating distribution coefficient matrixes of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system, including primary term coefficient matrixes of power distribution formulas of the upper power limits of the plurality of sets of power battery systems and the bottom layer
Figure 710069DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
Constant term coefficient matrix of power distribution formula of bottom layer related to upper power limit of multiple sets of power battery systems
Figure 428627DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
(ii) a The specific calculation process is as follows:
Figure 866430DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
(7)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 113872DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
and
Figure 902705DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
respectively represent theThe heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system is related to a power upper limit, and a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient matrix of a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power cell systems at the bottom layer are related to the power upper limit;
Figure 159374DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
representing the upper power limit of each single set of power battery system;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a plurality of power battery systems;
Figure 202416DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
a first order coefficient representing a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems;
Figure 401185DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
constant term coefficients representing a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems; wherein
Figure 162468DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
And
Figure 222828DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
the expression is shown in formula (8):
Figure 385956DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
(8)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,sthe number of power battery systems participating in regulation at the moment is represented;mthe number of single power battery systems in the multiple power battery systems is represented;
Figure 490047DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
and
Figure 4205DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
respectively representing the reciprocal and the first term coefficient of a quadratic factor in the form of a quadratic function of the equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single set of power battery system;
Figure 602677DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
(9)
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 893016DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
and
Figure 184320DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
representing a primary coefficient matrix and a constant coefficient matrix of a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel battery hybrid power system related to the lower power limit;
Figure 920195DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
representing the lower power limit of each single set of power battery system;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a plurality of power battery systems;
s104, calculating a plurality of switching sequences of the power of a plurality of fuel cell systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system:
the sequence of determining the maximum power limit of each single fuel cell system according to the performance of each single fuel cell system for the multi-fuel cell system is shown as the formula (10):
Figure 837204DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
(10)
will be calculated to obtainnAn
Figure 443766DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
Obtaining the sequence of the maximum power limiting order according to ascending order
Figure 905972DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
；
Then according to the obtained maximum power limiting sequence
Figure 378410DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
Maximum power limit for corresponding single fuel cell system
Figure 584264DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure 310911DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
And accumulating to further calculate the power requirement of the system when the corresponding single fuel cell system reaches the maximum power limit, namely the maximum power limit power switching point is shown as the formula (11):
Figure 209597DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
(11)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure 638173DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
Obtaining maximum power limiting sequence according to ascending order
Figure 382138DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
；
The order of reducing the output power of each single set of fuel cell system to the minimum power limit is determined according to the performance of each single set of fuel cell system for the plurality of sets of fuel cell systems as shown in the formula (12):
Figure 494451DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
(12)
will be calculated to obtainnAn
Figure 547726DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
Obtaining the limiting sequence of reducing the output power of each single fuel cell system to the minimum power according to descending order
Figure 479910DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
；
Then according to the minimum power limiting sequence
Figure 27566DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
Minimum power limit for corresponding individual fuel cell systems
Figure 978074DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure 687404DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
And accumulating to further calculate the power requirement of the system when the output power of the corresponding single set of fuel cell system is reduced to the minimum power limit, namely the minimum power limit power switching point is shown as the formula (13):
Figure 215206DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
(13)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure 956766DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
Arranging the minimum power limiting sequence according to the ascending order
Figure 840408DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
；
S105, calculating a power switching sequence of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel battery hybrid power system:
the sequence for determining that each single set of power battery system reaches the maximum power limit according to the performance advantages and disadvantages of each single set of power battery system for the multiple sets of power battery systems is shown as a formula (14):
Figure 501065DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
(14)
will be calculated to obtainmThe sequence is arranged in ascending order to obtain the sequence reaching the maximum power limit
Figure 142262DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
；
Then according to the obtained maximum power limiting sequence
Figure 31721DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
Maximum power limit for corresponding single-set power battery system
Figure 956820DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure 273532DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
Accumulating, and further calculating the power requirement of the system when the corresponding single set of power battery system reaches the maximum power limit, namely the maximum power limit power switching point is as shown in formula (15):
Figure 402025DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
(15)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure 78863DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
Obtaining maximum power limiting sequence according to ascending order
Figure 874781DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
；
The sequence of determining the limitation that the output power of each single set of power battery system is reduced to the minimum power according to the performance of each single set of power battery system for the multiple sets of power battery systems is as shown in formula (16):
Figure 362394DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
(16)
will be calculated to obtainmAn
Figure 493030DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
Obtaining the limiting sequence of reducing the output power of each single set of power battery system to the minimum power according to descending order
Figure 724291DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
；
Then according to the minimum power limiting sequence
Figure 109136DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
Minimum power limitation for corresponding single-set power battery system
Figure 33230DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure 385583DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
And accumulating to calculate the power requirement of the system when the output power of the corresponding single set of power battery system is reduced to the minimum power limit, namely the minimum power limit power switching point is as shown in the formula (17):
Figure 420535DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
(17)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure 659886DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
Arranging the minimum power limiting sequence according to the ascending order
Figure 4149DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
；
The coefficient of a quadratic function form equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single power battery system in the multiple power battery systems in the charging and discharging process is shown as the formula (18):
Figure 860109DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
(18)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 167594DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
and
Figure 776298DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
respectively representing the discharge process and the charge processA quadratic term coefficient of an equivalent hydrogen consumption model of the sleeve power battery system;
Figure 42195DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
and
Figure 119872DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
respectively showing the equivalent internal resistance of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process;
Figure 683578DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
and
Figure 881210DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
respectively representing the open-circuit voltage of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process;
Figure 52428DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
and
Figure 617401DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
respectively representing the first-order coefficient of the equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process;
Figure 312694DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
and
Figure 912302DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
constant term coefficients of equivalent hydrogen consumption models of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process are respectively expressed;ithe serial number of each single set of power battery system is shown;mindicating the number of multiple power battery systems.
And then, calculating a bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix and a power switching sequence of the plurality of sets of power battery systems to obtain a charging coefficient in the charging process, and obtaining a discharging coefficient in the discharging process.
The total output power model secondary function expressions of each single fuel cell system in the multiple fuel cell systems in the charging and discharging process are the same, so that the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix and the power switching point in the charging and discharging process are the same.
Step S2, performing system top power distribution based on real-time traction load requirements, wherein the system top power distribution comprises system charging process top power distribution and discharging process top power distribution; as shown in fig. 3, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s201, distributing top power of a system based on real-time traction load requirements, wherein the top power distribution in a discharging process comprises the following specific steps:
discharge process the top level power allocation process is shown as equation (19):
Figure 706952DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
(19)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 477331DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
and
Figure 930309DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems in the process of top power distribution;
Figure 118845DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
and
Figure 881133DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems in the top power distribution process;
Figure 420699DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
representing a total power demand of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid system;
Figure 677368DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
and
Figure 969678DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
top layers representing multiple fuel cell systems and multiple power cell systems, respectivelyPower allocation power requirements;
Figure 637288DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
and
Figure 647839DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
respectively representing the traction power and the stray loss of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system;
s202, distributing the top power of the system based on the real-time traction load requirement, wherein the top power distribution in the charging process comprises the following specific steps:
the following conditions are:
if the power of the multiple sets of fuel cell systems corresponding to the maximum efficiency of the hybrid power system is in
Figure 708199DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
Meanwhile, the output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems is shown as the formula (20):
Figure 871327DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
(20)
further, performing power distribution of a second layer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 709839DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
representing the total power output of the plurality of fuel cell systems when each single fuel cell system is operated at the minimum power output;
Figure 223996DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
representing the total power output of the plurality of fuel cell systems when each single fuel cell system is operated at the maximum power output; the concrete form is as follows:
Figure 556889DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
(21)
wherein variables a, b and c represent the output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems when the hybrid power system is used for calculating the maximum efficiencyAn intermediate variable of (d);
Figure 823791DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
and
Figure 115095DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
respectively representing secondary coefficient and primary coefficient of a secondary function expression of a lumped output power model of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems with top power distribution;
Figure 585391DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
representing secondary term coefficients of a lumped equivalent hydrogen consumption model of a plurality of sets of power battery systems with top-level power distribution;
Figure 236821DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
constant term coefficients of a quadratic function expression of a lumped output power model of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems for top power distribution;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 374541DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
(22)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 836746DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
and
Figure 43606DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient of a secondary function form of a total output power model of a single fuel cell system;
Figure 249459DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
and
Figure 241686DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
have the same meaning;
Figure 881918DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
representing the traction power of the fuel cell hybrid system;
Figure 592385DEST_PATH_IMAGE130
representing a stray power loss of the fuel cell hybrid system;
Figure 336350DEST_PATH_IMAGE131
and
Figure 183084DEST_PATH_IMAGE132
respectively representing the power demands distributed to a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of power cell systems in the top layer power distribution process in the charging process;
case two:
if the power of the multiple sets of fuel cell systems corresponding to the maximum efficiency of the hybrid power system is not in
Figure 501938DEST_PATH_IMAGE133
In between, each individual fuel cell system maintains a minimum power output, i.e.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE196
The output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE197
(ii) a Further, bottom layer power allocation is performed.
Step S3, performing system bottom power distribution based on the system top power distribution result, including bottom power distribution in the system charging process and bottom power distribution in the discharging process; as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s301, the specific steps of bottom layer power distribution in the discharging process of the multiple sets of fuel cell systems are as follows:
for multiple fuel cell systems in a discharge process, the power requirements of the multiple fuel cell systems are distributed as the top layer
Figure 89915DEST_PATH_IMAGE136
At this time, all the single fuel cell systems do not participate in power regulation, and the net output power of all the single fuel cell systemsSatisfy the requirement of
Figure 903150DEST_PATH_IMAGE137
，
Figure 604390DEST_PATH_IMAGE138
Represents a minimum output power limit of a single fuel cell system;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as top layer distribution
Figure 828566DEST_PATH_IMAGE139
The net output power of each individual fuel cell system is given by equation (23):
Figure 248046DEST_PATH_IMAGE140
(23)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 599393DEST_PATH_IMAGE141
and
Figure 420719DEST_PATH_IMAGE142
respectively representing the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix related to the lower power limit of the fuel cell systemKAndLto (1) ai-1 column;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as the top layer is allocated
Figure 19059DEST_PATH_IMAGE143
The net output power of each individual fuel cell stack is shown as equation (24):
Figure 643945DEST_PATH_IMAGE144
(24)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 267824DEST_PATH_IMAGE145
and
Figure 943656DEST_PATH_IMAGE146
the nth columns of the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L respectively representing the lower limit of the power distribution of the fuel cell system;
Figure 509635DEST_PATH_IMAGE147
and
Figure 638128DEST_PATH_IMAGE148
an nth column representing the underlying power distribution coefficient matrices K and L, respectively, in relation to the upper power distribution limit of the fuel cell system;
multi-stack fuel cell system power demand as top layer apportions
Figure 331278DEST_PATH_IMAGE149
The net output power of each individual fuel cell stack is shown by equation (25):
Figure 110884DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
(25)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 864076DEST_PATH_IMAGE151
and
Figure 479865DEST_PATH_IMAGE152
the (n-i + 1) th columns of the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L respectively represent the upper power limit of the fuel cell system;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as top layer distribution
Figure 976706DEST_PATH_IMAGE153
At the moment, the output power of all the single fuel cell systems reaches the maximum output power limit, the regulation and control are quitted, and the net output power of all the single fuel cell systems meets the requirement
Figure 610818DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
，
Figure 269333DEST_PATH_IMAGE155
Represents the maximum power output limit of a single fuel cell system;
for a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems in the charging process, the power distribution process is the same as the discharging process;
s302, the bottom layer power distribution in the discharge process of the multiple sets of power battery systems comprises the following specific steps:
for the multi-set power battery system in the discharging process, the power requirement of the multi-set power battery system distributed at the top layer
Figure 637997DEST_PATH_IMAGE156
At the moment, all the single set of power battery systems do not participate in power regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure 922217DEST_PATH_IMAGE157
，
Figure 161568DEST_PATH_IMAGE158
Represents the minimum output power limit of a single set of power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 256563DEST_PATH_IMAGE159
In time, the net output power of each single set of power cell system is as shown in equation (26):
Figure 830633DEST_PATH_IMAGE160
(26)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 669276DEST_PATH_IMAGE161
and
Figure 28713DEST_PATH_IMAGE162
matrix for respectively representing bottom layer power distribution coefficients related to lower power limit of power battery systemKAndLto (1) ai-1 column;
multiple sets of power electricity distributed in top layerPool system power demand
Figure 543877DEST_PATH_IMAGE163
In the meantime, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is as shown in formula (27):
Figure 621554DEST_PATH_IMAGE164
(27)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 732730DEST_PATH_IMAGE165
and
Figure 212253DEST_PATH_IMAGE166
respectively representing the m-th columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the lower power distribution limit of the power battery system;
Figure 632739DEST_PATH_IMAGE167
and
Figure 197712DEST_PATH_IMAGE168
respectively representing the m columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the power distribution upper limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 378158DEST_PATH_IMAGE169
In time, the net output power of each single set of power cell system is as shown in equation (28):
Figure 961455DEST_PATH_IMAGE170
(28)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 569154DEST_PATH_IMAGE171
and
Figure 90265DEST_PATH_IMAGE172
respectively represent andthe power battery system power upper limit is related to the n-i +1 th columns of the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 323669DEST_PATH_IMAGE173
And then all the single set of power battery systems reach the maximum output power limit, and quit regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure 777784DEST_PATH_IMAGE174
，
Figure 290805DEST_PATH_IMAGE175
Representing the maximum power output limit of a single set of power battery systems;
s303, the specific steps of bottom layer power distribution in the charging process of the multiple sets of power battery systems are as follows:
firstly, determining a top-layer power distribution result of a plurality of sets of power battery systems according to the step S202;
furthermore, for charging process multiple power battery systems, when the power demand of the multiple power battery systems distributed at the top layer is required
Figure 564792DEST_PATH_IMAGE176
At the moment, all the single set of power battery systems do not participate in power regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure 70728DEST_PATH_IMAGE177
，
Figure 379350DEST_PATH_IMAGE178
Represents the minimum output power limit of a single set of power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 328851DEST_PATH_IMAGE179
The net output power of each individual power cell system being e.g.Formula (29):
Figure 339401DEST_PATH_IMAGE180
(29)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 399761DEST_PATH_IMAGE181
and
Figure 828469DEST_PATH_IMAGE182
matrix for respectively representing bottom layer power distribution coefficients related to lower power limit of power battery systemKAndLto (1) ai-1 column;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 932560DEST_PATH_IMAGE183
In the process, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is as shown in formula (30):
Figure 181138DEST_PATH_IMAGE184
(30)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 45189DEST_PATH_IMAGE185
and
Figure 62824DEST_PATH_IMAGE186
respectively representing the mth columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the power distribution lower limit of the power battery system;
Figure 603395DEST_PATH_IMAGE187
and
Figure 73691DEST_PATH_IMAGE188
respectively representing the m columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the power distribution upper limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 741433DEST_PATH_IMAGE189
In the process, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is as shown in formula (31):
Figure 862841DEST_PATH_IMAGE190
(31)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 325047DEST_PATH_IMAGE191
and
Figure 282638DEST_PATH_IMAGE192
respectively representing the n-i +1 th columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the upper power limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure 3339DEST_PATH_IMAGE193
And then all the single set of power battery systems reach the maximum output power limit, and quit regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure 729986DEST_PATH_IMAGE194
，
Figure 363093DEST_PATH_IMAGE195
Representing the maximum power output limit of a single power cell system.
Fig. 5 shows a detailed flowchart of the top power allocation result and the power switching point, in which the top power allocation result is compared with the power switching point, i.e., the formula in the diamond on the left side in the diagram, to determine the interval where the top power allocation result is located, and to determine the bottom power allocation formula, i.e., the formula in the rectangle corresponding to the right side in the diagram.
Finally, if the fuel cell hybrid system stops operating, all the cell system output power is zero, i.e., P = 0.
Examples
A group of real data in the fuel cell system is collected in real time, and the layered (top layer and bottom layer) energy management method is used for carrying out primary application of efficiency optimization control management on the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system. In this embodiment, the number of single fuel cell systems in the multiple fuel cell systems is 3, and the number of single power cell systems in the multiple power cell systems is 3.
The internal parameters of each individual fuel cell system are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 internal parameters of individual fuel cell systems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE198
The internal parameters of each single-battery power cell system are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 internal parameters of individual power cell systems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE199
Step S1, initializing system control;
s101, calculating coefficient expressions according to formulas (2) to (3) respectively:
(1) quadratic term coefficient of quadratic function expression of lumped output power model of top-layer power distribution multi-fuel cell system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE200
Comprises the following steps:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE201
；
first-order coefficient of quadratic function expression of lumped output power model of top-level power distribution multi-fuel cell system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE202
Comprises the following steps: 0.9866, respectively;
(2) top layerSecondary coefficient of lumped equivalent hydrogen consumption model of power distribution multi-set power battery system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE203
Comprises the following steps:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE204
；
(3) set to a constant of 0.8; the upper limit and the lower limit of the charge state of a plurality of sets of power battery systems are respectively [0.2 and 0.8 ]](ii) a Of multiple power-cell systemsSOCThe average values are: 0.5; coefficient of loss
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE205
Comprises the following steps: 1.0;
(4) calculating a first order coefficient matrix of top power distribution of a heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid system according to equation (1)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE206
Sum constant term coefficient matrix
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE207
Comprises the following steps:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE208
s102, calculating a primary term coefficient matrix of a bottom layer power distribution formula related to the upper power limit of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems according to formulas (4) to (5)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE209
Comprises the following steps:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE210
constant term coefficient matrix of power distribution formula of upper power limit related bottom layers of multiple sets of fuel cell systems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE211
Comprises the following steps:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE212
calculating a primary term coefficient matrix of a bottom multi-set fuel cell system power distribution formula related to a lower power limit of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system according to a formula (6)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE213
Sum constant term coefficient matrix
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE214
Respectively as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE215
s103, calculating a primary term coefficient matrix of a bottom layer power distribution formula related to the upper power limit of the multiple sets of power battery systems according to the formulas (7) to (8)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE216
Comprises the following steps:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE217
constant term coefficient matrix of power distribution formula of upper power limit related bottom layers of multiple sets of power battery systems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE218
Comprises the following steps:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE219
calculating a primary term coefficient matrix of a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer related to the lower power limit of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system according to a formula (9)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE220
Sum constant term coefficient matrix
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE221
Respectively as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE222
s104, calculating a power switching sequence related to the upper power limit of a plurality of fuel cell systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system according to a formula (10-11):
maximum power limit before sorting according to battery performance
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE223
The sequence is as follows: [ 1.3142X 10 ]5, 1.1945×105, 1.2472×105]，
The corresponding fuel cell serial number sequence which is not sorted according to the performance of the fuel cell is as follows: [1,2,3],
calculated and obtained
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE224
The values are: [ 3.5495X 10 ]5, 3.9923×105,3.7849×105]；
Will be calculated to obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE225
In ascending order: [ 3.5495X 10 ]5,3.7849×105,3.9923×105]，
The obtained corresponding fuel cell serial numbers sorted from good to bad according to performance are: [1,3,2 ];
corresponding fuel cell maximum power limits ranked from good to bad in performance are obtained
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE226
The sequence is as follows: [ 1.3142X 10 ]5, 1.2472×105, 1.1945×105]；
Maximum power limit switching point obtained by calculation
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE227
The values are: [ 3.5495X 10 ]5,3.7558×105, 3.6954×105]；
Arranging in ascending order to obtain maximum power limiting sequence
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE228
Comprises the following steps: [ 3.5495X 10 ]5, 3.6954×105,3.7558×105]；
Calculating the power switching sequence of the bottom multi-set fuel cell system of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system and the lower power limit according to the formula (12-13):
minimum power limit before sorting according to battery performance
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE229
The sequence is as follows: [ 1.1975X 10 ]4,1.1413×104,1.1661×104]，
The corresponding fuel cell serial number sequence which is not sorted according to the performance of the fuel cell is as follows: [1,2,3 ];
calculated and obtained
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE230
The values are: [ 3.5495X 10 ]5, 3.7558×105,3.6954×105]；
Will be calculated to obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE231
Arranging in ascending order: [ 3.5495X 10 ]5,3.6954×105,3.7558×105]，
The corresponding fuel cell serial numbers sorted from good to bad in performance are obtained as follows: [1,3,2],
corresponding fuel cell maximum power limits ranked from good to bad in performance are obtained
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE232
The sequence is as follows: [ 4.0770X 10 ]4, 2.8279×104, 3.4431×104]；
Calculated minimum power limit switching point
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE233
The values are: [ 3.5049X 10 ]4, 4.0770×104,3.6841×104]，
Arranging in ascending order to obtain the sequence of reaching the minimum power limit
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE234
Comprises the following steps: [ 3.5049X 10 ]4,3.6841×104, 4.0770×104]；
S105, calculating power switching sequences of a plurality of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system
Maximum power limit before sorting according to battery performance
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE235
The sequence is as follows: [ 2.9242X 10 ]5,3.0879×105,3.2788×105]，
The corresponding fuel cell serial number sequence which is not sorted according to the performance of the fuel cell is as follows: [1,2,3 ];
calculated according to formula (14)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE236
The values are: [ 9.4783X 10 ]5,9.3826×105,9.0481×105]，
Will be calculated to obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE237
In ascending order: [ 9.0481X 10 ]5, 9.3826×105, 9.4783×105]，
The obtained corresponding fuel cell serial numbers sorted from good to bad according to performance are: [3,2,1],
corresponding fuel cell maximum power limits ranked from good to bad in performance are obtained
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE238
The sequence is as follows: [ 3.2788X 10 ]5, 3.0879×105, 2.9242×105]；
Maximum power limit switching point calculated according to formula (15)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE239
The values are: [ 9.2909X 10 ]5, 9.2614×105, 9.0481×105]，
Arranging according to ascending order to obtain maximum power limiting sequence
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE240
Comprises the following steps: [ 9.0481X 10 ]5,9.2614×105, 9.2909×105]；
The sequence of reducing the output power of each single-set power battery system to the minimum power limit is determined according to the formula (16) as follows: [1,2,3],
the minimum power limit sequence of the corresponding single set of power battery system is as follows: [0,0,0 ];
the minimum power limit power switching point according to equation (17) is: [0,0,0],
the minimum power limiting sequence in ascending order is: [0,0,0],
calculating the coefficient of a quadratic function form equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single power battery system in the multiple power battery systems in the charging and discharging process according to a formula (18) as follows: [ -3.8679X 10-7,3.8679×10-7]；
Step S2, system top-level power distribution based on real-time traction load demand
S201, heavy load of total power requirement of fuel cell hybrid power system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE241
And (3) distributing the top layer power of the discharge process in real time according to the formula (19) according to the real-time change of the working condition data:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE242
s202, top-level power distribution in the charging process:
according to various parameters in the hybrid power system adopted by the real-time case, selecting a second condition:
the power of the multi-fuel cell system corresponding to the maximum efficiency of the hybrid power system is not at
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE243
In between, each individual fuel cell system maintains a minimum power output, i.e.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE244
The output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE245
(ii) a Further, bottom layer power allocation is performed.
Step S3, system bottom layer power distribution is carried out based on the system top layer power distribution result
Calculating in real time to obtain the power demands of the multiple sets of fuel cell systems and the power demands of the multiple sets of power cell systems distributed at the current top layer according to the step S2
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE246
The results of the discharging process are shown in fig. 6, and the results of the charging process are shown in fig. 9.
S301, distributing bottom layer power in the discharging process of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems,
first, the total power requirement of the multiple fuel cell systems currently allocated to the top layer is calculated according to step S201
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE247
。
Then, the distributed power of the bottom layer of each single fuel cell system is calculated in real time according to the formulas (23) to (25)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE248
The real-time distributed power of each single fuel cell subsystem is changed along with the required powerAs shown in fig. 7; the results of the real-time distributed power of each individual fuel cell subsystem charging process as a function of power demand are shown in fig. 10.
S302, bottom layer power distribution in discharging process of multiple sets of power battery systems
Firstly, calculating and obtaining the total power demand of a plurality of sets of power battery systems of the current top layer power distribution according to step S201
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE249
。
Then, calculating the bottom layer power distribution of each single fuel cell system in real time according to the formulas (26) to (28)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE250
The result of the real-time distributed power along with the required power in the discharging process of each single set of power battery subsystem is shown in figure 8.
S303, bottom layer power distribution in charging process of multiple sets of power battery systems
Firstly, determining the top layer power distribution result of a plurality of sets of power battery systems according to step S202
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE251
；
Then, calculating the power requirements of the plurality of sets of power battery systems distributed at the bottom layer in real time according to the formulas (29) to (31)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE252
The result of the real-time distributed power along with the required power during the charging process of each single set of power battery subsystem is shown in fig. 11.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A two-layer real-time efficiency optimization method for a heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, initializing system control, and initializing a top layer power distribution coefficient matrix and a bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system and power switching sequences of a plurality of fuel cell systems and a plurality of power cell systems at the bottom layer; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, initializing a primary term coefficient matrix of top layer power distribution of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Sum constant term coefficient matrix
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Comprises the following steps:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
respectively representing a primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix in a top-level distribution formula;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems in the process of top power distribution;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
respectively representing primary term coefficients and constant term coefficients in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems in the process of distributing top power;
wherein
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
the coefficient expressions are shown in formula (2):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
(2)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
respectively representing secondary coefficient and primary coefficient of a secondary function expression of a lumped output power model of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems with top power distribution;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
representing secondary term coefficients of a lumped equivalent hydrogen consumption model of a plurality of sets of power battery systems with top-level power distribution;jthe serial number of the fuel cell system or the power cell system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
a first-order coefficient representing a quadratic function form of a total output power model of the single fuel cell system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
model for respectively representing total output power of each single fuel cell system and single set of operationThe reciprocal of the coefficient of the quadratic term of the equivalent hydrogen consumption model of the power battery system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
indicating multiple power cell systemsSOCAverage value;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is an adjustable constant;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the state of charge of a plurality of sets of power battery systems;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
represents the loss factor;nindicating the number of single fuel cell systems in a plurality of fuel cell systems;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a multi-power battery system;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(3)
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
the quadratic term coefficient of the total output power model of each single set of fuel cell system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
respectively indicate more discharge processesThe quadratic term coefficient, the internal resistance and the open-circuit voltage of each single set of power battery system equivalent hydrogen consumption model;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
representing the current capacity of each single set of power battery system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
representing the charge state of each single set of power battery system;
s102, calculating power distribution coefficient matrixes of a plurality of fuel cell systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system, wherein the power distribution coefficient matrixes comprise primary term coefficient matrixes of power distribution formulas of the bottom layer related to upper power limits of the plurality of fuel cell systems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Constant term coefficient matrix of bottom layer power distribution formula related to upper power limit of multiple sets of fuel cell systems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
(ii) a The specific calculation process is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
(4)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 750591DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
and
Figure 385841DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
respectively representing a primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix of a bottom-layer multi-set fuel cell system power distribution formula related to the upper power limit of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
representing the upper power limit of each single fuel cell system;nindicating multiple fuel cell trainsThe number of individual fuel cell systems in the system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
a first order coefficient representing a power distribution equation for a plurality of fuel cell systems;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
constant term coefficients representing a power distribution equation for a plurality of fuel cell systems; wherein
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
the expression is shown in formula (5):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
(5)
wherein s represents the number of fuel cell systems participating in regulation at this time; n represents the number of single fuel cell systems in the plurality of fuel cell systems;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
respectively representing the reciprocal and the first term coefficient of the quadratic function form of the total output power model of each single fuel cell system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
(6)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
respectively representing a primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix of a bottom-layer multi-set fuel cell system power distribution formula related to the lower power limit of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
represents the lower power limit of each individual fuel cell system;
s103, calculating distribution coefficient matrixes of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system, including primary term coefficient matrixes of power distribution formulas of the upper power limits of the plurality of sets of power battery systems and the bottom layer
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
Constant term coefficient matrix of power distribution formula of bottom layer related to upper power limit of multiple sets of power battery systems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
(ii) a The specific calculation process is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
(7)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 523168DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
and
Figure 590481DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient matrix of a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel battery hybrid power system related to the upper power limit;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
representing the upper power limit of each single set of power battery system;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a plurality of power battery systems;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
the first-order coefficient of the power distribution formulas of a plurality of sets of power battery systems is represented;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
constant term coefficients representing a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems; wherein
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
the expression is shown in formula (8):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
(8)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,sthe number of power battery systems participating in regulation at the moment is represented;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a plurality of power battery systems;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
respectively representing the reciprocal and the first term coefficient of a quadratic factor in the form of a quadratic function of the equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single set of power battery system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
(9)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
represents the base of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid power system related to the lower power limitThe method comprises the following steps that a power distribution formula primary term coefficient matrix and a constant term coefficient matrix of a multi-layer power battery system are obtained;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
representing the lower power limit of each single set of power battery system;mrepresenting the number of single power battery systems in a plurality of power battery systems;
s104, calculating a plurality of switching sequences of the power of a plurality of fuel cell systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system:
the order of determining the maximum power limit of each single set of fuel cell system according to the performance of each single set of fuel cell system for a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems is shown as the formula (10):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
(10)
will be calculated to obtainnAn
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
Obtaining the sequence of the maximum power limiting order according to ascending order
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
；
Then according to the obtained maximum power limiting sequence
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
Maximum power limit for corresponding single fuel cell system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
Accumulating to calculate the power requirement of the system when the maximum power limit of the corresponding single fuel cell system is reached, namely, the maximum power limit power cutThe trade-off point is shown in formula (11):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
(11)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
Obtaining maximum power limiting sequence according to ascending order
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
；
The sequence of determining the output power of each single fuel cell system to be reduced to the minimum power limit according to the performance of each single fuel cell system for the multiple fuel cell systems is shown as the formula (12):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
(12)
will be calculated to obtainnAn
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
Obtaining the limiting sequence of reducing the output power of each single fuel cell system to the minimum power according to descending order
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
；
Then according to the minimum power limiting sequence
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
Minimum power limit for corresponding individual fuel cell systems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
And accumulating to calculate the power requirement of the system when the output power of the corresponding single fuel cell system is reduced to the minimum power limit, namely the minimum power limit power switching point is shown as the formula (13):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
(13)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
Arranging the minimum power limiting sequence according to the ascending order
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
；
S105, calculating a power switching sequence of a plurality of sets of power battery systems at the bottom layer of the heavy-load fuel battery hybrid power system:
the sequence for determining that each single set of power battery system reaches the maximum power limit according to the performance advantages and disadvantages of each single set of power battery system for the multiple sets of power battery systems is shown as a formula (14):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
(14)
will be calculated to obtainmThe sequence is arranged in ascending order to obtain the sequence reaching the maximum power limit
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
；
Then according to the obtained maximum power limiting sequence
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
Maximum power limit for corresponding single-set power battery system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure 697196DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
Accumulating, and further calculating the power requirement of the system when the corresponding single set of power battery system reaches the maximum power limit, namely the maximum power limit power switching point is as shown in formula (15):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
(15)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
Obtaining maximum power limiting sequence according to ascending order
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
；
The order of reducing the output power of each single set of power battery system to the minimum power limit is determined according to the performance advantages and disadvantages of each single set of power battery system for a plurality of sets of power battery systems as shown in formula (16):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
(16)
will be calculated to obtainmAn
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
Obtaining the limiting sequence of reducing the output power of each single set of power battery system to the minimum power according to descending order
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
；
Then according to the minimum power limiting sequence
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
Minimum work for corresponding single set power battery systemRate limiting
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
Sorting and aligning the fronti-1 pieces of
Figure 814932DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
And accumulating to calculate the power requirement of the system when the output power of the corresponding single set of power battery system is reduced to the minimum power limit, namely the minimum power limit power switching point is as shown in the formula (17):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
(17)
will be calculated to obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
Arranging the minimum power limiting sequence according to the ascending order
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
；
The coefficient of a quadratic function form equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single power battery system in the multiple power battery systems in the charging and discharging process is shown as the formula (18):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
(18)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
respectively representing quadratic term coefficients of equivalent hydrogen consumption models of each single set of power battery system in a discharging process and a charging process;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
respectively representing the equivalent internal resistance of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
respectively representing the open-circuit voltage of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
respectively representing the first-order coefficient of the equivalent hydrogen consumption model of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
constant term coefficients of equivalent hydrogen consumption models of each single set of power battery system in the discharging process and the charging process are respectively expressed;ithe serial number of each single set of power battery system is shown;mindicating the number of multiple sets of power battery systems;
further, calculating a bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix and a power switching sequence of the multiple sets of power battery systems, wherein a charging coefficient is obtained in the charging process, and a discharging coefficient is obtained in the discharging process;
the secondary function expressions of the total output power model of each single fuel cell system in the multiple fuel cell systems in the charging and discharging process are the same, so that the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix and the power switching point in the charging and discharging process are the same;
s2, performing system top power distribution based on real-time traction load requirements, wherein the system top power distribution comprises system charging process top power distribution and discharging process top power distribution; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s201, distributing top power of the system based on real-time traction load requirements, wherein the top power distribution in the discharging process comprises the following specific steps:
discharge process the top level power allocation process is shown as equation (19):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
(19)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems in the process of top power distribution;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in a power distribution formula of a plurality of sets of power battery systems in the top power distribution process;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
representing a total power demand of the heavy-duty fuel cell hybrid system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
respectively representing the top-level power distribution power demands of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of power cell systems;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
respectively representing the traction power and the stray loss of the heavy-load fuel cell hybrid power system;
s202, distributing the top power of the system based on the real-time traction load requirement, wherein the top power distribution in the charging process comprises the following specific steps:
the following conditions are:
if the power of the multiple sets of fuel cell systems corresponding to the maximum efficiency of the hybrid power system is in
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
Meanwhile, the output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems is shown as the formula (20):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
(20)
further, performing power distribution of a second layer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
representing the total power output of the plurality of fuel cell systems when each single fuel cell system is operated at the minimum power output;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
representing the total power output of the plurality of fuel cell systems when each single fuel cell system is operated at the maximum power output; the concrete form is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
(21)
wherein variables a, b and c represent intermediate variables used for calculating the output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems when the efficiency of the hybrid power system is maximum;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
respectively representing secondary coefficient and primary coefficient of a secondary function expression of a lumped output power model of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems with top power distribution;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
representing secondary coefficients of the lumped equivalent hydrogen consumption model of the multiple sets of power battery systems with top power distribution;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
constant term coefficients of a quadratic function expression of a lumped output power model of a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems for top power distribution;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
(22)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
respectively representing a primary term coefficient and a constant term coefficient of a secondary function form of a total output power model of a single fuel cell system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
have the same meaning;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
representing the traction power of the fuel cell hybrid system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE130
represents a stray power loss of the fuel cell hybrid system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE131
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE132
respectively representing the power demands distributed to a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems and a plurality of sets of power cell systems in the top layer power distribution process in the charging process;
case two:
if the power of the multiple sets of fuel cell systems corresponding to the maximum efficiency of the hybrid power system is not in
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE133
In between, each individual fuel cell system maintains a minimum power output, i.e.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE134
If the output power of the multiple sets of power battery systems is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE135
(ii) a Further, bottom layer power distribution is carried out;
s3, performing system bottom power distribution based on the system top power distribution result, wherein the system bottom power distribution comprises system charging process bottom power distribution and discharging process bottom power distribution; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s301, the specific steps of bottom layer power distribution in the discharging process of the multiple sets of fuel cell systems are as follows:
for multiple fuel cell systems in the discharge process, the power requirements of the multiple fuel cell systems are distributed when the top layer is distributed
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE136
At the moment, all the single fuel cell systems do not participate in power regulation and control, and all the single fuel cell systems are powered by electricityNet output power of pool system is satisfied
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE137
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE138
Represents a minimum output power limit of a single fuel cell system;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as top layer distribution
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE139
The net output power of each individual fuel cell stack is shown in equation (23):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE140
(23)
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE141
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE142
respectively representing the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrix related to the lower power limit of the fuel cell systemKAndLto (1)i-1 column;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as the top layer is allocated
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE143
The net output power of each individual fuel cell stack is shown as equation (24):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE144
(24)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE145
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE146
the nth columns of the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L respectively representing the lower limit of the power distribution of the fuel cell system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE147
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE148
an nth column representing the underlying power distribution coefficient matrices K and L, respectively, in relation to the upper power distribution limit of the fuel cell system;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as top layer distribution
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE149
The net output power of each individual fuel cell stack is shown by equation (25):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
(25)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE151
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE152
the (n-i + 1) th columns of the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L respectively represent the upper power limit of the fuel cell system;
multiple fuel cell system power requirements as top layer distribution
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE153
At the moment, the output power of all the single fuel cell systems reaches the maximum output power limit, the regulation and control are quitted, and the net output power of all the single fuel cell systems meets the requirement
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE155
Represents the maximum power output limit of a single fuel cell system;
for a plurality of sets of fuel cell systems in the charging process, the power distribution process is the same as the discharging process;
s302, the bottom layer power distribution in the discharge process of the multiple sets of power battery systems comprises the following specific steps:
for the multi-set power battery system in the discharging process, the power requirement of the multi-set power battery system distributed at the top layer
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE156
At the moment, all the single set of power battery systems do not participate in power regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE157
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE158
Represents the minimum output power limit of a single set of power battery system;
multiple sets of power battery system power requirements distributed at top level
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE159
In time, the net output power of each single set of power cell system is as shown in equation (26):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE160
(26)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE161
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE162
respectively represent the bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes related to the lower power limit of the power battery systemKAndLto (1) ai-1 column;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE163
In the meantime, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is as shown in formula (27):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE164
(27)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE165
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE166
respectively representing the m-th columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the lower power distribution limit of the power battery system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE167
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE168
respectively representing the m columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the power distribution upper limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE169
In time, the net output power of each single set of power cell system is as shown in equation (28):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE170
(28)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE171
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE172
respectively representing the n-i +1 th columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the upper power limit of the power battery system;
multiple sets of power battery system power requirements distributed at top level
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE173
And then all the single set of power battery systems reach the maximum output power limit, and quit regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE174
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE175
Representing the maximum power output limit of a single set of power battery systems;
s303, the specific steps of bottom layer power distribution in the charging process of the multiple sets of power battery systems are as follows:
firstly, determining a top-layer power distribution result of a plurality of sets of power battery systems according to the step S202;
furthermore, for charging process multiple power battery systems, when the power demand of the multiple power battery systems distributed at the top layer is required
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE176
At the moment, all the single set of power battery systems do not participate in power regulation and control, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE177
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE178
Indicating a single set of power battery systemA minimum output power limit of the system;
multiple sets of power battery system power requirements distributed at top level
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE179
And then, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is shown as the formula (29):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE180
(29)
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE181
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE182
matrix for respectively representing bottom layer power distribution coefficients related to lower power limit of power battery systemKAndLto (1) ai-1 column;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE183
In the process, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is as shown in formula (30):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE184
(30)
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE185
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE186
respectively representing the m-th columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the lower power distribution limit of the power battery system;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE187
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE188
respectively representing the m columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the power distribution upper limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE189
In the process, the net output power of each single set of power battery system is as shown in formula (31):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE190
(31)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE191
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE192
respectively representing the n-i +1 th columns of bottom layer power distribution coefficient matrixes K and L related to the upper power limit of the power battery system;
multi-set power battery system power demand allocated as top layer
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE193
At the moment, the output power of all the single set of power battery systems reaches the maximum output power limit, the regulation and control are quitted, and the net output power of all the single set of power battery systems meets the requirement
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE194
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE195
Represents the maximum power output limit of a single set of power battery system;
and finally, if the fuel cell hybrid power system stops running, the output power of all the cell systems is zero.
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