CN114335608A - Condensation humidifier, condensation humidification component and control method for fuel cell - Google Patents
Condensation humidifier, condensation humidification component and control method for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114335608A CN114335608A CN202011053128.6A CN202011053128A CN114335608A CN 114335608 A CN114335608 A CN 114335608A CN 202011053128 A CN202011053128 A CN 202011053128A CN 114335608 A CN114335608 A CN 114335608A
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 77
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033772 system development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a condensation humidifier, a condensation humidification component and a control method for a fuel cell, wherein the condensation humidifier for the fuel cell comprises the following components: casing and condenser pipe, be formed with condensation chamber and humidification chamber in the casing, the condenser pipe is established in the condensation intracavity. According to the condensation humidifier for the fuel cell, aiming at the problem of flooding of the middle part of the cathode of the fuel cell under the high-current-density power generation working condition, the condensation cavity communicated with the humidification cavity is arranged, the flow of cooling liquid in the condensation cavity is controlled, the tail gas of a condensed electric pile promotes the drainage of the cathode of the electric pile, condensed water is collected in the condensation cavity, when no cooling liquid flows in the condensation cavity, the tail gas of the electric pile recovering high temperature absorbs the condensed water to humidify air, so that the purpose of recovering the condensed water is achieved, the internal structure of the condensation humidifier is simplified, the assembly and the use are convenient, the overall structure is more compact, the installation space is reduced, the condensed water in the condensation cavity can be used for humidification, the resources are saved, and the waste of the resources is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell system development, in particular to a condensation humidifier, a condensation humidification component and a control method for a fuel cell.
Background
In the related art, the fuel cell system has high compressed air flow and increased cathode water production of the stack under the power generation condition with high current density. And the electrochemical reaction area moves to an area with high oxygen concentration, so that the water content in the middle of the cathode is too high, the micropores of a gas diffusion layer of the fuel cell are blocked by excessive water, reaction gas cannot be fully contacted with a catalyst layer, a proton membrane and the like, the power generation performance of the fuel cell is reduced, meanwhile, the cathode reaction gas is short of gas due to flooding, a hydrogen pump effect is generated, and the cathode generates hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas, so that danger is easy to occur.
The air humidity inside the cathode is relatively high, and liquid water is separated out, so that the following water dynamic balance exists in the middle of the cathode:
the tail gas is condensed to convert a large amount of gaseous water at the tail part of the cathode into liquid water, so that the liquid water in the middle of the cathode is converted into the gaseous water and migrates to the tail part, the phenomenon that the liquid water blocks micropores of the diffusion layer is greatly relieved, and the cathode drainage is promoted.
For the problem of flooding at high current density, the conventional solutions focus on how to raise the inlet air temperature and the air flow rate to solve the flooding problem, but this results in:
(1) air flow rate is increased, so that the air compressor is overloaded and energy consumption is increased
(2) The inlet air temperature is increased, the control difficulty of the electric pile cooling system is increased, and if the control is improper, the core parts such as the proton exchange membrane and the like can be permanently damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. To this end, the invention proposes a condensation humidifier for a fuel cell, which has a simple and compact internal structure, and saves installation space.
The invention also provides a condensation humidification component for the fuel cell.
The invention also provides a control method of the condensation humidification component.
A condensing humidifier for a fuel cell according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises: the tail gas inlet is communicated with the condensation cavity, and the tail gas outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the humidification cavity; and the condensation pipe is arranged in the condensation cavity.
According to the condensation humidifier for the fuel cell, the condensation chamber and the humidification chamber are communicated, so that the internal structure of the condensation humidifier for the fuel cell is simplified, the condensation humidifier is convenient to assemble and use, the overall structure is more compact, the installation space is reduced, and the condensed water in the condensation chamber can be used for humidification, so that resources are saved, and the waste of the resources is avoided.
In some embodiments, the condensation chamber is formed at the top of the humidification chamber, and the pass-through port is formed at the bottom of the condensation chamber.
In some embodiments, the exhaust gas outlet and the air inlet are formed at the top of the housing, the air outlet is formed at the lower portion of the housing, and the air inlet and the air outlet are formed at both ends of the housing in the length direction, respectively.
A condensation and humidification assembly for a fuel cell according to a second aspect of the invention comprises a condensation humidifier for a fuel cell according to the above first aspect of the invention, the off-gas inlet of the condensation humidifier being adapted to communicate with an off-gas exhaust of the fuel cell cathode, the air outlet of the condensation humidifier being adapted to communicate with the air inlet of the fuel cell cathode, the air inlet of the condensation humidifier being adapted to connect to an air supply; the refrigerant pipeline is connected with the condensation pipeline, and a control valve for controlling the on-off of the condensation pipeline is connected in series on the refrigerant pipeline.
According to the condensation and humidification component for the fuel cell, the condensation and humidification device for the fuel cell is provided, so that the overall performance of the condensation and humidification component for the fuel cell is improved, resources are saved, and the stability of the condensation and humidification component for the fuel cell is ensured.
Further, the condensation humidification component for the fuel cell further comprises: the controller is in communication connection with the fuel cell and the control valve, the controller starts the control valve when the fuel cell reaches a first preset condition, and the controller closes the control valve when the fuel cell reaches a second preset condition.
Further, the first preset condition includes: and the tail gas temperature of the cathode is higher than a set temperature upper threshold value.
Further, the second preset condition includes: the current density of the fuel cell is larger than a preset lower current density threshold, and/or the tail gas temperature of the cathode is lower than a set lower temperature threshold.
Further, the moisture content of the tail gas of the cathode at the set temperature lower threshold value is larger than the inlet air moisture content of the air inlet,
wherein the lower threshold T of the set temperature satisfies:
lgPw＝-2.1794+2.593×10-2(T-273)-9.1837×10-5(T-273)2+1.4454×10-7(T-273)3，
Pw＝(W*p)/(0.621945+W)，
wherein Pw is the water vapor partial pressure of the tail gas, W is the inlet air moisture content, and p is the tail gas pressure.
Furthermore, the air inlet position is connected with an intercooler, a heat exchange tube is arranged in the intercooler, the heat exchange tube and the condenser tube are arranged in parallel, the control valve is a three-way valve, and a first interface and a second interface of the three-way valve are respectively connected with the heat exchange tube and the condenser tube.
A control method of a condensation humidification module according to a third aspect of the present invention, the condensation humidification module being a condensation humidification module for a fuel cell according to the second aspect of the present invention, the control method comprising: when the current density of the fuel cell is larger than a preset current density upper threshold value, opening the control valve; and when the tail gas temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell is lower than a set temperature lower threshold value, closing the control valve.
According to the control method of the condensation and humidification component, the functionality of the condensation and humidification component is improved and resources are saved by applying the control method to the condensation and humidification component for the fuel cell of the second aspect.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a condensing humidifier for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the upper housing shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the upper housing shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bottom view of the upper housing shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a condensing humidification assembly;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant pipeline.
Reference numerals:
condensation humidifier 100:
a shell 1, a tail gas inlet 11, a tail gas outlet 12, an air inlet 13, an air outlet 14, a refrigerant inlet 15, a refrigerant outlet 16, an upper shell 17 and a lower shell 18,
the number of the condensation pipes 2 is reduced,
the condensation chamber 3, through the opening 31,
the humidifying cavity (4) is provided with a humidifying cavity,
a condensing and humidifying assembly 1000 is provided,
a hydrogen gas line 200, a pressure reducing valve 201, a hydrogen control solenoid valve 202, a hydrogen gas injector 203, an ejector 204, a hydrogen circulation pump 205, a hydrogen water separator 206, a water discharge solenoid valve 207,
an intercooler 304, a coolant inlet 3041, a coolant outlet 3042, a bypass valve 305,
a tail gas exhaust line 400, a back pressure valve 401,
a refrigerant pipeline 500, a delivery pump 501, a main radiator 502, other radiating loads 503, a three-way valve 504,
mixing discharge point 700.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A condensing humidifier 100 for a fuel cell 600 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-6.
As shown in fig. 1, a condensing humidifier 100 for a fuel cell 600 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: a shell 1 and a condensation duct 2.
Specifically, be formed with interval arrangement's condensation chamber 3 and humidification chamber 4 in the casing 1, be formed with the mouth 31 that passes through that communicates condensation chamber 3 and humidification chamber 4 in the casing 1, be formed with tail gas inlet 11 on the casing 1, tail gas outlet 12, air intlet 13 and air outlet 14, tail gas inlet 11 is linked together with condensation chamber 3, tail gas outlet 12, air intlet 13 and air outlet 14 and humidification chamber 4 intercommunication, condenser pipe 2 is established in condensation chamber 3, the air is got into by air intlet 13, air outlet 14 discharges, tail gas is got into by tail gas inlet 11, tail gas outlet 12 discharges. Therefore, the shell 1 has simple structure, and the design of the condensation chamber 3 and the humidification chamber 4 is ingenious.
When the condensing humidifier 100 is used, air enters the humidification chamber 4 through the air inlet 13, the air is humidified in the humidification chamber 4, the humidified air is discharged through the air outlet 14, the discharged air enters the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600, the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600 performs an oxygen reduction reaction, tail gas generated by the oxygen reduction reaction enters the condensation chamber 3 through the tail gas inlet 11, the tail gas is condensed in the condensation chamber 3, and the condensed tail gas is discharged through the tail gas outlet 12.
According to the condensation humidifier 100 for the fuel cell 600, the condensation chamber 3 and the humidification chamber 4 which are communicated are arranged, so that the internal structure of the condensation humidifier 100 for the fuel cell 600 is simplified, the assembly and the use are convenient, the overall structure is more compact, the installation space is reduced, and the condensed water in the condensation chamber 3 can be used for humidification, so that the resources are saved, and the waste of the resources is avoided.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the condensation chamber 3 is formed at the top of the humidification chamber 4, and the through-port 31 is formed at the bottom of the condensation chamber 3. As shown in fig. 1, the shell 1 comprises an upper shell 17 and a lower shell 18, the condensation chamber 3 is formed in the upper shell 17, the humidification chamber 4 is formed in the lower shell 18, the condensation chamber 3 is formed at the top of the humidification chamber 4, the bottom of the condensation chamber 3 is provided with a through port 31, the condensation chamber 3 and the humidification chamber 4 are communicated through the port 31, the condensation chamber 3 is simple in structure, condensed water generated in the condensation chamber 3 can enter the humidification chamber 4 through the through port 31, the air introduced into the humidification chamber 4 is humidified, and waste of resources is avoided.
Alternatively, the through port 31 may be formed in a rectangular shape, a circular shape, an oval shape, a hexagonal shape, or the like.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the exhaust gas outlet 12 and the air inlet 13 are formed at the top of the casing 1, the air outlet 14 is formed at the lower portion of the casing 1, and the air inlet 13 and the air outlet 14 are formed at both ends of the casing 1 in the length direction, respectively. As shown in fig. 1, a tail gas outlet 12 and an air inlet 13 are formed at the top of the casing 1, the air inlet 13 is formed at the top of the left end of the casing 1, an air outlet 14 is formed at the lower part of the right end of the casing 1, air enters the humidifying chamber 4 through the air inlet 13, and then the humidified air is discharged through the air outlet 14. Thus, the condensing humidifier 100 is compact in structure, saving installation space.
Preferably, the air inlet 13 and the air outlet 14 may be communicated with each other by using a Nafion membrane tube (perfluorosulfonic acid membrane tube). The Nafion membrane tube has good chemical stability and thermal stability, reduced voltage, high conductivity and high mechanical strength.
In some embodiments of the invention, the condensation duct 2 extends circuitously within the condensation chamber 3. As shown in fig. 2-4, a refrigerant inlet 15 and a refrigerant outlet 16 are formed at the top of the condensation chamber 3, one end of the condensation tube 2 is communicated with the refrigerant inlet 15, the other end of the condensation tube 2 is communicated with the refrigerant outlet 16, and the condensation tube 2 extends in a winding manner in the condensation chamber 3. From this, condensation chamber 3's simple structure, the manufacturing of being convenient for, and circuitous condenser pipe 2 that extends has increased the area of condensation, has improved the effect of condensation, has optimized condensation chamber 3's inner structure.
The condensation and humidification assembly 1000 for the fuel cell according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises the condensation humidifier 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention, the tail gas inlet 11 of the condensation humidifier 100 is adapted to communicate with the tail gas exhaust of the fuel cell cathode 602, the air outlet 14 of the condensation humidifier 100 is adapted to communicate with the air inlet of the fuel cell cathode 602, the air inlet 13 of the condensation humidifier 100 is adapted to connect with an air source, the cooling medium pipeline 500 is connected with the condensation pipeline, and the control valve for controlling the on-off of the condensation pipeline is connected in series to the cooling medium pipeline 500. The problem of flooding of fuel cell 600 is solved, the core spare part has been protected, the consumption of air compressor machine 303 has been reduced.
According to the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 for the fuel cell 600 of the invention, by arranging the condensation and humidification device 100 for the fuel cell of the first aspect embodiment, the overall performance of the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 for the fuel cell 600 is improved, resources are saved, and the stability of the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 for the fuel cell is ensured. .
Referring to fig. 5, the fuel cell 600 includes a cathode 602, the cathode 602 has an air inlet and a tail gas outlet, the tail gas inlet 11 of the condensation humidifier 100 is communicated with the tail gas outlet of the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600, the air outlet 14 of the condensation humidifier 100 is communicated with the air inlet of the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600, the air inlet 13 of the condensation humidifier 100 is adapted to be connected to an air source, the refrigerant pipeline 500 is connected to the condenser 2, and a control valve for controlling the condensation pipeline 500 is connected in series to the refrigerant pipeline 500.
When the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 for the fuel cell operates, the air compressor 303 introduces air into the humidification chamber 4 of the condensation humidifier 100, the air is humidified in the humidification chamber 4, then the air enters the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600 through the air inlet of the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600 from the air outlet 14 of the condensation humidifier 100, the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600 performs an electrochemical reduction reaction, unreacted air and reaction product gas are discharged into the condensation chamber 3 of the condensation humidifier 100 through the tail gas discharge port of the cathode 602, the delivery pump 501 pumps a refrigerant to the condensation tube 2, the refrigerant enters the condensation tube 2 through the refrigerant inlet 15 and then is discharged through the refrigerant outlet 16, and the temperature of the tail gas in the condensation chamber 3 is reduced and cooled. Therefore, the condensation humidification component 1000 is simple in composition, not easy to break down, convenient to use and low in production cost.
Optionally, the cooling medium can be cooling liquid, and has good fluidity, quick heat absorption and good heat absorption effect.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the condensing humidification assembly 1000 for a fuel cell further comprises: and the controller is in communication connection with the fuel cell 600 and the control valve, starts the control valve when the fuel cell 600 reaches a first preset condition, and closes the control valve when the fuel cell 600 reaches a second preset condition. That is, the controller is configured to control the control valve, the controller determines and starts the control valve according to the current density of the fuel cell 600, the controller starts the control valve when the fuel cell 600 meets a first preset condition, and the controller closes the control valve when the fuel cell 600 meets a second preset condition. Therefore, the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 can control the start and stop of the control valve through the controller, and convey a refrigerant to cool and condense the tail gas and air as necessary, so as to promote the cathode drainage of the fuel cell 600.
In some embodiments, the first preset condition includes: the current density of the fuel cell 600 is greater than a preset upper current density threshold. When the first preset condition is reached, the controller starts the control valve, and the refrigerant enters the condensation pipe 2 in the condensation cavity 3. Thus, the condensing and humidifying assembly 1000 is simple in composition and convenient to use.
Specifically, a common pile rack test, called an A test, is adopted, and the obtained polarization curve is an A curve; a cooling fan set and a heat exchanger are additionally arranged at the exhaust end of a common galvanic pile test bench, and the test is carried out under the condition that the cooling fan set works, namely a B test, and a measured polarization curve B curve is obtained; and comparing the curve A with the curve B, and taking a boundary point of the curve A and the curve B (the curve A and the curve B are overlapped under the low and medium current density power generation working conditions and separated under the high current density power generation working condition), so that the first preset condition can be measured.
It is noted here that the polarization curves are known to the person skilled in the art.
In some embodiments, the second preset condition comprises: the temperature of the exhaust gas at the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600 is below the lower threshold temperature setting. When the second preset condition is reached, the controller closes the control valve, and the refrigerant in the condensation pipe 2 stops flowing. Therefore, the controller of the condensation and humidification component 1000 has reasonable preset conditions, and the condensation and humidification component 1000 has simple composition and convenient use.
Further, the moisture content of the tail gas of the cathode 602 at the set temperature lower threshold is greater than the intake air moisture content of the air inlet.
In some embodiments of the invention, the lower temperature threshold T is set to satisfy:
lgPw＝-2.1794+2.593×10-2(T-273)-9.1837×10-5(T-273)2+1.4454×10-7(T-273)3，
Pw＝(W*p)/(0.621945+W)，
wherein Pw is the water vapor partial pressure of the tail gas, W is the inlet air moisture content, and p is the tail gas pressure.
Specifically, the calibrated relative humidity, temperature and pressure correlation curve of the inlet air is tested by using a pile bench. According to the following formula:
calculating to obtain the saturated pressure Pws of the steam of the inlet water, and then passing through
Calculating the partial pressure of the steam of the inlet water, wherein,
pw is the partial pressure of water vapor in the tail gas for the relative humidity of the inlet air, and then the water vapor passes through
And obtaining the moisture content of the inlet gas, wherein W is the moisture content of the inlet gas, and P is the pressure of the tail gas.
The relative humidity of the tail gas is 100%, the moisture content of the tail gas is more than or equal to the moisture content of the inlet gas according to the following formula:
Pw＝(W*p)/(0.621945+W)，
obtaining Pw, wherein Pw is the water vapor partial pressure of the tail gas, W is the moisture content of the inlet gas, and p is the pressure of the tail gas.
And according to the following formula:
lgPw＝-2.1794+2.593×10-2(T-273)-9.1837×10-5(T-273)2+1.4454×10-7(T-273)3，
and obtaining the lower threshold value T of the set temperature.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the intercooler 304 is connected to the air inlet 13, and the heat exchange tube is disposed in the intercooler 304 and connected in parallel with the condenser tube 2, so that a cooling loop does not need to be separately developed, the internal space of the condensation humidifier 100 is saved, the requirement of the condensation humidifier 100 on the installation space is reduced, the installation volume of the condensation humidifier 100 is reduced, and the production cost is saved.
Optionally, the control valve is a three-way valve 504, and a first port and a second port of the three-way valve 504 are respectively connected to the heat exchange tube and the condenser tube 2. Thus, the control of the three-way valve 504 is facilitated, and the connection mode of the refrigerant pipeline 500 is simplified.
According to the control method of the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 of the third aspect embodiment of the invention, the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 is the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 for the fuel cell 600 of the second aspect embodiment of the invention, the control method comprises: when the current density of the fuel cell 600 is greater than the preset upper current density threshold, the control valve is opened; when the temperature of the exhaust gas of the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600 is lower than the set lower temperature threshold, the control valve is closed.
According to the control method of the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 of the embodiment of the invention, by applying the control method to the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 for the fuel cell of the second aspect, the functionality of the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 is improved, and resources are saved.
A condensing and humidifying assembly 1000 for a fuel cell 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1-6.
Referring to fig. 5, the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 for the fuel cell 600 includes a controller, a hydrogen gas pipeline 200, an air inlet pipeline 300, a tail gas condensation pipeline, a tail gas discharge pipeline 400, a refrigerant pipeline 500, a condensation humidifier 100 and the fuel cell 600, wherein the hydrogen gas pipeline 200 is connected to an anode 601 of the fuel cell 600, the air humidification pipeline 300 is connected to an air inlet 13 of the condensation humidifier 100, the tail gas condensation pipeline is respectively connected to an air outlet 14 and a tail gas inlet 11, and the tail gas discharge pipeline 400 is connected to a tail gas outlet 12.
Specifically, the hydrogen gas pipe 200 is provided with: the pressure reducing valve 201, the hydrogen control solenoid valve 202, the hydrogen injector 203, the ejector 204 and the hydrogen circulating pump 205 are used for enabling water to be contained in an anode 601 of the fuel cell 600 due to cathode water migration of the fuel cell 600, the hydrogen pipeline 200 is further provided with a hydrogen water separator 206 for separating water and unreacted hydrogen, the hydrogen enters the hydrogen circulating pump 205 to be reused, and the water is conveyed to the mixed discharge point 700 through the water drainage solenoid valve 207. The air intake circuit 300 comprises: air filter 301, sensor 302, air compressor 303, intercooler 304, and bypass valve 305, excess air flowing through bypass valve 305 to mix discharge point 700, intercooler 304 comprising: a cooling liquid inlet 3041 and a cooling liquid outlet 3042, and the cooling liquid inlet 3041 and the cooling liquid outlet 3042 are connected to the transfer pump 501.
The tail gas condensation pipeline is that the humidified air enters a cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600 to undergo a reduction reaction, tail gas generated by the reduction reaction enters a condensation cavity 3 of the condensation humidifier 100 through a tail gas condensation pipe 2, and then enters the tail gas discharge pipeline 400, and the tail gas discharge pipeline 400 comprises a throttle valve or a backpressure valve 401, and can be used for keeping a constant pressure in the tail gas discharge pipeline 400, so that the tail gas is conveniently discharged to a mixed discharge point 700. The refrigerant line 500 includes a delivery pump 501, a main radiator 502, other radiating loads 503, and a three-way valve 504. The fuel cell 600 has an anode 601 and a cathode 602, wherein the anode 601 is supplied with hydrogen to generate an oxidation reaction, and the cathode 602 is supplied with air to generate a reduction reaction.
When the condensation and humidification assembly 1000 for the fuel cell operates, air is introduced into the air humidification pipeline 300, enters the humidification chamber 4 of the condensation and humidification device 100 through the air filter 301, the air compressor 303 and the intercooler 304, and then enters the cathode 602 of the fuel cell 600, meanwhile, hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen pipeline 200, and enters the anode 601 of the fuel cell 600 through the pressure reducing valve 201, the hydrogen control electromagnetic valve 202, the hydrogen injector 203 and the ejector 204, at this time, an oxidation-reduction reaction occurs in the fuel cell 600, and water and tail gas are generated through the oxidation-reduction reaction.
The tail gas that negative pole 602 produced lets in condensation chamber 3 in, if fuel cell 600 is in high current electricity generation operating mode, can produce a large amount of water and high temperature tail gas, when fuel cell 600's current density is greater than predetermined current density and goes up the threshold value, three-way valve 504 is opened to the controller, condenser pipe 2 in refrigerant entering condensation chamber 3, high temperature tail gas cooling down in condensation chamber 3, vapor in the high temperature tail gas meets the condensation and ties into the comdenstion water, because condensation chamber 3 is linked together with humidification chamber 4, the comdenstion water gets into in humidification chamber 4 from condensation chamber 3, when not needing the condensation, the tail gas of high temperature turns into the comdenstion water vapor, can be used for the humidification of air, thereby realize the recycle of comdenstion water.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A condensing humidifier for a fuel cell, comprising:
the tail gas inlet is communicated with the condensation cavity, and the tail gas outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the humidification cavity;
and the condensation pipe is arranged in the condensation cavity.
2. The condensing humidifier for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein said condensing chamber is formed at a top of said humidification chamber, and said through-port is formed at a bottom of said condensing chamber.
3. The condensing humidifier for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the off-gas outlet and the air inlet are formed at a top portion of the housing, the air outlet is formed at a lower portion of the housing, and the air inlet and the air outlet are formed at both ends of the housing in a length direction, respectively.
4. A condensing humidification assembly for a fuel cell comprising:
a condensing humidifier for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the tail gas inlet of the condensing humidifier being adapted to communicate with a tail gas exhaust of the fuel cell cathode, the air outlet of the condensing humidifier being adapted to communicate with the air inlet of the fuel cell cathode, the air inlet of the condensing humidifier being adapted to be connected to a source of air;
the refrigerant pipeline is connected with the condensation pipeline, and a control valve for controlling the on-off of the condensation pipeline is connected in series on the refrigerant pipeline.
5. The condensing humidification assembly for a fuel cell of claim 4, further comprising:
the controller is in communication connection with the fuel cell and the control valve, the controller starts the control valve when the fuel cell reaches a first preset condition, and the controller closes the control valve when the fuel cell reaches a second preset condition.
6. The condensing humidification assembly for a fuel cell of claim 5, wherein the first preset condition comprises: and the tail gas temperature of the cathode is higher than a set temperature upper threshold value.
7. The condensing humidification assembly for a fuel cell of claim 5, wherein the second preset condition comprises: the current density of the fuel cell is larger than a preset lower current density threshold, and/or the tail gas temperature of the cathode is lower than a set lower temperature threshold.
8. The condensing humidification assembly for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 7, wherein a moisture content of the tail gas of the cathode at the set temperature lower threshold is greater than an intake air moisture content of the air inlet,
wherein the lower threshold T of the set temperature satisfies:
lgPw＝-2.1794+2.593×10-2(T-273)-9.1837×10-5(T-273)2+1.4454×10-7(T-273)3，
Pw＝(W*p)/(0.621945+W)，
wherein Pw is the water vapor partial pressure of the tail gas, W is the inlet air moisture content, and p is the tail gas pressure.
9. The condensation and humidification assembly for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 5, wherein an intercooler is connected to the air inlet, a heat exchange pipe is arranged in the intercooler, the heat exchange pipe is connected in parallel with the condenser pipe, the control valve is a three-way valve, and a first port and a second port of the three-way valve are respectively connected with the heat exchange pipe and the condenser pipe.
10. A control method of a condensation humidification module, wherein the condensation humidification module is a condensation humidification module for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 4 to 9, the control method comprising:
when the current density of the fuel cell is larger than a preset current density upper threshold value, opening the control valve;
and when the tail gas temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell is lower than a set temperature lower threshold value, closing the control valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011053128.6A CN114335608A (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Condensation humidifier, condensation humidification component and control method for fuel cell |
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| CN202011053128.6A CN114335608A (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Condensation humidifier, condensation humidification component and control method for fuel cell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117276587A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2023-12-22 | 四川轻绿科技有限公司 | Condensation humidifying device for small-power fuel cell |
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