CN112086663B - Fuel cell system device integrating cooling and humidifying functions and control method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell system device integrating cooling and humidifying functions and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112086663B CN112086663B CN202010960972.0A CN202010960972A CN112086663B CN 112086663 B CN112086663 B CN 112086663B CN 202010960972 A CN202010960972 A CN 202010960972A CN 112086663 B CN112086663 B CN 112086663B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell system device with integrated cooling and humidifying functions and a control method thereof, wherein the fuel cell system device comprises a compression device, an integrated humidifying and cooling device and a fuel cell which are sequentially connected; the device also comprises a detection control module. The integrated humidifying and cooling device is internally provided with a hollow membrane tube, the integrated humidifying and cooling device is humidified and cooled in an external circulation mode through the cooling liquid of the conveying device, and a flow regulating valve and an air drying device are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the integrated humidifying and cooling device and the electric pile. The control method comprises the following steps: the detection control module respectively acquires the air temperature entering the integrated humidification and cooling device and the humidity in the fuel cell, controls the rotating speed of the conveying device according to the air temperature, and controls the opening degree of the flow regulating valve according to the humidity in the fuel cell. The invention cancels the intercooler and the humidifier, carries out integrated design on the intercooler and the humidifier, and has the characteristics of high integration level, small volume and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, relates to a fuel cell system device, and particularly relates to a fuel cell system device integrating cooling and humidifying functions and a control method thereof.
Background
The fuel cell is a device which uses hydrogen gas and the like as fuel and generates electric energy through chemical reaction with oxygen, and the byproduct is only water, so that the fuel cell has the advantages of zero emission, high efficiency, high starting speed, low-temperature operation and the like. Therefore, the fuel cell has wide application field, and can be used as a power supply to be applied to the fields of automobiles, spaceflight, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like.
The fuel cell membrane is the core of the reaction, and since the fuel cell reaction needs to be performed under specific conditions, in order to ensure the normal and efficient operation of the reaction, it is necessary to ensure that the air entering the cathode of the fuel cell needs to meet certain humidity and temperature requirements. When the humidity of the fuel cell is lower than the requirement, the proton exchange membrane can cause the problem of membrane dryness, and when the humidity of the fuel cell is higher than the requirement, the proton exchange membrane can cause the problem of flooding, so that the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell is reduced. When the temperature of the fuel cell does not meet the requirement, the reaction in the fuel cell cannot be carried out efficiently, and the proton exchange membrane can be damaged in serious conditions, so that the service life of the system is shortened.
Among the prior art, get into fuel cell cathode temperature regulation and realize through the intercooler, humidity control realizes through the humidifier, and the volume of intercooler and humidifier is great, and system integration is poor.
CN105226312A discloses an air humidifying device for fuel cell using an injector and an air humidifying method, the air humidifying device includes an injector disposed on an air supply line connected with an air compressor, and a bypass valve disposed on a bypass line connecting an outlet of the air compressor with an inlet of the injector. A part of compressed air of the air compressor enters an injector through a bypass line, condensed water discharged by the hybrid fuel cell system is injected into an inlet of the air compressor, and the air entering the cathode of the fuel cell is cooled and humidified. However, the invention can not regulate and control the temperature and humidity of the air entering the cathode of the fuel cell, can not meet the working condition requirements of different fuel cells, and has poor adaptability.
CN109818012A discloses a water heating management system of a fuel cell engine system, which includes a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a heat dissipation system, wherein the air supply system compresses air, enters an intercooler for proper temperature reduction, then enters an air/air membrane humidifier for humidification, and enters an electric reactor for reaction when the temperature and humidity of the air reach certain requirements. The invention adopts partial wet air at the outlet of the electric pile to humidify the dry air before entering the electric pile, and does not need to additionally increase a wet source, but still needs to be provided with an intercooler and a humidifier, so that the system has large volume and poor integration level, and can not regulate and control the temperature and the humidity of the air entering the cathode of the fuel cell.
CN109478663A discloses a humidification and cooling apparatus for a fuel cell, which comprises a housing including a reservoir disposed at the bottom of the housing, a water spray device disposed in the housing, and a recovery pipe connecting the reservoir and the water spray device; the compressed air enters the equipment for humidification and cooling, and when the air temperature is high, water is sprayed through the water spraying device to reduce the air temperature and simultaneously adjust the humidity. However, the invention cannot regulate the temperature and humidity of the air entering the cathode of the fuel cell, and has poor adaptability.
The existing fuel cell cooling and humidifying system devices all have the problems of large volume and poor adaptability. Therefore, how to ensure the simple structure, small size and strong adaptability of the fuel cell cooling and humidifying system device under the condition of ensuring the humidity and temperature of the air entering the fuel cell, becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fuel cell system device with integrated cooling and humidifying functions and a control method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell system device with integrated cooling and humidifying functions, which includes a compression device, an integrated humidifying and cooling device and a fuel cell, which are connected in sequence along an air flow direction, wherein a hollow membrane tube is arranged inside the integrated humidifying and cooling device.
The integrated humidifying and cooling device has the advantages that the water molecules of the middle through membrane tube are easy to diffuse, so that the integrated humidifying and cooling device has the cooling and humidifying functions, the problem that an intercooler and a humidifier are arranged in the prior art to increase the volume of the system is avoided, the whole fuel cell system is simple in structure, small in volume and high in integration level, and better humidifying and cooling effects are obtained.
The integrated humidifying and cooling device is connected with a connecting pipeline of the fuel cell in sequence along the air flow direction, and the integrated humidifying and cooling device is connected with a flow regulating valve and an air drying device.
The invention adjusts the humidity of the air after humidification and cooling by arranging the flow regulating valve and the air drying device, ensures the temperature and the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell, avoids the problems of dry membrane, flooding and the like, and leads the fuel cell to operate normally and efficiently.
The integrated humidifying and cooling device is also in circulating connection with the conveying device, and the cooling liquid is used for humidifying and cooling the integrated humidifying and cooling device in an external circulation mode through the conveying device.
The present invention does not specifically require or limit the kind and composition of the cooling liquid, and any cooling liquid disclosed in the prior art or not disclosed in the new art may be used in the present invention, and thus it is understood that the cooling liquid having cooling and humidifying effects, for example, the cooling liquid is cooling water, falls within the scope of the present invention.
The fuel cell system device also comprises a detection control module, and the detection control module is respectively and electrically connected with the compression device, the fuel cell, the flow regulating valve and the conveying device; the detection control module respectively acquires the air temperature entering the integrated humidification and cooling device and the humidity in the fuel cell, controls the rotating speed of the conveying device according to the air temperature, and controls the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the humidity in the fuel cell.
According to the invention, the detection control module is arranged to acquire the temperature of air entering the integrated humidification and cooling device and the humidity in the fuel cell, and the rotating speed of the conveying device is feedback controlled according to the acquired air temperature, so that the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell meets the reaction requirement of the fuel cell; according to the humidity in the fuel cell, the opening degree of the flow regulating valve is controlled in a feedback mode, so that the humidity of air entering the fuel cell meets the reaction requirement of the fuel cell, the problems of membrane dryness and flooding are avoided, and the efficient operation of the fuel cell is guaranteed.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the integrated humidification and cooling device includes a housing, at least one middle through membrane tube is disposed inside the housing, air flows through the middle through membrane tube and a cooling liquid to perform cooling and humidification, and the cooled and humidified air enters the fuel cell.
Preferably, the cooling liquid cools and humidifies the air flowing through the hollow membrane tube outside the hollow membrane tube, and the moisture in the cooling liquid diffuses into the hollow membrane tube to humidify the air.
Preferably, the middle through membrane tubes are arranged in parallel.
It should be noted that, the hollow membrane tubes provided by the present invention are optionally arranged in parallel in a certain plane inside the housing of the integrated humidification and cooling device, and are preferably uniformly distributed in the housing space of the integrated humidification and cooling device, for example: can be the matrix type and distribute or concentric circle formula distribution, but not limited to above two kinds of distribution mode, so set up and to increase heat transfer area and humidification area, further reduction equipment volume.
Preferably, the material of the middle through membrane tube is a polytetrafluoroethylene cation exchange membrane.
According to the invention, the performance of the middle through membrane tube that water molecules are easy to diffuse is utilized, air passes through the middle of the middle through membrane tube, the cooling liquid is filled in the gap between the cooling liquid and the outer part of the middle through membrane tube, and when the cooling liquid cools and exchanges heat with air in the middle through membrane tube, part of water molecules diffuse into the middle through membrane tube to humidify the air, and meanwhile, the cooling and humidifying effects are achieved.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, an air outlet end of the integrated humidification cooling device is led out of an air inlet pipeline and an air drying pipeline which are independent of each other through a flow regulating valve, and outlet ends of the air inlet pipeline and the air drying pipeline are both connected to a fuel cell.
Preferably, the air drying device is arranged on the air drying pipeline.
The air outlet end of the integrated humidifying and cooling device is divided into the air inlet pipeline and the air drying pipeline which are mutually independent, and the air drying device is used for drying part of air entering the fuel cell by adjusting the flow regulating valve, so that the effect of regulating and controlling the air humidity is achieved.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the detection control module includes a detection module, the detection module includes a humidity sensor disposed on the fuel cell and a temperature sensor disposed at an air inlet end of the integrated humidification cooling device, the temperature sensor is used for detecting a temperature of air entering the integrated humidification cooling device, and the humidity sensor is used for detecting a humidity in the fuel cell.
Preferably, the detection control module further comprises a control module electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, respectively, and the control module respectively controls the conveying device and the flow regulating valve in a feedback manner; the control module is used for respectively receiving signals sent by the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, controlling the rotating speed of the conveying device according to the signal feedback of the temperature sensor, and controlling the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the signal feedback of the humidity sensor.
The invention ensures the temperature and the humidity of air entering the fuel cell through detection control by arranging the detection module and the control module. The control module performs logic operation and feeds back and adjusts the rotating speed of the conveying device to enable the temperature entering the fuel cell to meet the requirement; and sending a feedback signal to the control module according to the acquired humidity in the fuel cell, wherein the control module performs logical operation and adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve in a feedback manner, so that the humidity entering the fuel cell meets the requirement.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the integrated humidification and cooling device and the delivery device are circularly connected through a circulation pipeline, and the circulation pipeline is further provided with a heat dissipation device.
Preferably, the system device further comprises a tail gas treatment device connected with the outlet end of the fuel cell.
Preferably, an air filter is connected to the inlet end of the compression device.
Preferably, the compression device is an air compressor.
Preferably, the conveying device is a water pump.
Preferably, the heat dissipation device is a radiator or a heat exchanger.
Preferably, the flow regulating valve is a three-way valve.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a control method for a fuel cell system apparatus integrating a cooling and humidifying function according to the first aspect, the control method comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that (I) the temperature of air entering an integrated humidifying and cooling device is obtained according to a detection control module, and the rotating speed of a conveying device is controlled;
(II) detecting the humidity in the fuel cell according to the detection control module, and controlling the opening of the flow regulating valve until the temperature and the humidity in the fuel cell meet the requirements.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the control method specifically includes:
s100, acquiring the temperature of air entering the integrated humidifying and cooling device, and entering the step S101;
s101, calculating heat dissipation required by air cooling by a control module according to the acquired air temperature and a temperature threshold value, and entering a step S102;
s102, the control module adjusts the rotating speed of the water pump according to the heat dissipation amount calculated in the step S101, and the step S200 is performed for logic judgment;
s200, the humidity sensor collects humidity in the fuel cell and transmits the humidity to the control module, the control module logically judges whether the humidity in the fuel cell is higher than a humidity threshold value, and if the judgment result is yes, the step S202 is carried out; if the judgment result is negative, the step S201 is entered;
s201, closing an air drying pipeline by adjusting a flow regulating valve, directly feeding cooled and humidified air into a fuel cell without drying, and then entering step S300;
s202, the control module adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the difference value between the humidity in the fuel cell and the humidity threshold value, and the air entering the fuel cell is dried through the air drying device and enters S300;
and S300, the temperature and the humidity of the air in the fuel cell meet working requirements, and the process is ended.
According to the invention, the temperature of air entering the integrated humidification and cooling device is obtained through the detection and control module, then the heat dissipation capacity required by air cooling is obtained through calculation according to the temperature threshold, and the rotating speed of the cooling liquid of the conveying device is adjusted according to the obtained heat dissipation capacity, so that the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell is ensured; and then, calculating the humidity required by air entering the fuel cell by the humidity in the fuel cell detected by the detection control module, so as to adjust the opening of the flow regulating valve, dry part of the air by the air drying device, ensure the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell, and avoid the problems of water logging and membrane dryness of the fuel cell.
In step S101, the temperature threshold is related to the structure and type of the fuel cell, and the temperature thresholds required by the fuel cells of different structures and types are different, for example, the temperature resistance of different proton exchange membranes is limited, for example, the temperature of the proton exchange membrane during normal operation is 0 to 80 ℃, so the temperature of the fuel cell should be controlled not to exceed 80 ℃. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable temperature threshold according to the structure and type of the fuel cell, and the temperature threshold is not particularly required or limited by the present invention.
In step S200, the humidity threshold in the present invention is related to the structure and type of the fuel cell, and the humidity thresholds required by the fuel cells of different structures and types are different, for example, the water drainage capacities of the fuel cells of different structures and types are different, and if the water drainage capacity of the fuel cell is good, the humidity threshold is higher, and if the water drainage capacity of the fuel cell is not good, the humidity threshold is lower. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable humidity threshold according to the structure and type of the fuel cell, and the humidity threshold is not particularly required or limited by the present invention.
The invention can ensure the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell by calculating the heat dissipating capacity required by air cooling, thereby ensuring that the reaction temperature in the fuel cell is at the working temperature and the fuel cell operates efficiently.
When the detected humidity is lower than the humidity threshold value, the membrane dryness of the fuel cell is possibly generated, and the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell needs to be improved, so that the flow regulating valve is closed, the air entering the fuel cell is not dried, and the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell is improved; when the detected humidity is higher than the humidity threshold value, the fuel cell is possibly flooded, the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell needs to be reduced, and the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell is reduced by adjusting the opening degree of the flow valve and partially drying the air entering the fuel cell by using the air drying device.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S100 detects and acquires the temperature of the air entering the integrated humidification cooling device through the temperature sensor.
Preferably, in step S100, the air temperature is calculated by the compression ratio of the air compressor, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
T0at room temperature, in Kelvin (K), 293K-303K is taken.
ηC-air compressor efficiency.
It should be noted that the efficiency of the air compressor in the present invention is related to the structure and model of the air compressor, and those skilled in the art can determine the efficiency of the air compressor according to the structure and model of the specific air compressor.
π -compression ratio.
r-air adiabatic coefficient.
It should be noted that the air adiabatic coefficient in the present invention is related to the temperature and pressure of air, and those skilled in the art can determine the air adiabatic coefficient according to the air temperature and pressure, for example, the air adiabatic coefficient is 1.4 at 298K under a standard atmospheric pressure.
Preferably, in step S101, the calculation formula of the heat dissipation amount required for air cooling is as follows:
Q＝Mair×Cair×(T1-T2)
in the formula, Q is the heat dissipation capacity required by air cooling, and the unit is W.
MairAir mass flow in g/s.
CairAir specific heat capacity, in J/(g.K).
It should be noted that the air specific heat capacity in the present invention is related to the temperature and pressure of air, and those skilled in the art can determine the value of the air specific heat capacity according to the air temperature and pressure, for example, the air specific heat capacity is 1.01J/(g · K) at a standard atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 298K.
T1The temperature of the air entering the integrated humidification and cooling device is given in K.
T2Temperature threshold in K.
The invention can accurately adjust the rotating speed of the water pump by calculating the heat dissipation required by air cooling, thereby adjusting the flow of the cooling liquid entering the integrated humidifying and cooling device and keeping the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell stable.
Preferably, in step S202, the flow rate regulating valve opening is calculated as follows:
the opening of the flow regulating valve is equal to the flow of the gas to be dried/the total flow of the gas flowing into the electric pile.
It should be noted that the dry gas flow rate is related to the type and structure of different fuel cells, and is calculated by the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell and the humidity threshold value in the fuel cell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, by arranging the integrated humidification and cooling device and utilizing the water molecule diffusivity of the middle through membrane tube, the humidity of air can be increased simultaneously in the heat exchange and cooling process of the air, so that the effects of cooling and humidifying the air entering the fuel cell simultaneously are achieved, and the integration level of a fuel cell system is high and the volume is small; still through setting up the detection control module group, acquire the air temperature and the interior humidity of fuel cell that get into integrated form humidification cooling device, according to air temperature, control coolant flow to guarantee the temperature that gets into the fuel cell air, and according to the humidity in the pile, the aperture of reasonable control flow control valve controls the air drying flow, avoids taking place in the fuel cell that water logging and membrane are dry, guarantees the high-efficient operation of fuel cell.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system device integrating cooling and humidifying functions in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated humidification and cooling device in accordance with one embodiment;
fig. 3 is a block flow diagram of a control method of a fuel cell system device with integrated cooling and humidifying functions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1-air filter; 2, an air compressor; 3-an integrated humidification cooling device; 4-flow regulating valve; 5-an air drying device; 6-a fuel cell; 7-a water pump; 8-a tail gas treatment device; 9-a radiator; 10-middle through membrane tube.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be taken as limiting the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a fuel cell system device with integrated cooling and humidifying functions, which includes an air filter 1, an air compressor 2, an integrated humidifying and cooling device 3, a fuel cell 6 and an exhaust gas treatment device 8 connected in sequence along an air flow direction.
The air outlet end of the integrated humidification and cooling device 3 is led out an air inlet pipeline and an air drying pipeline which are mutually independent through a flow regulating valve 4, wherein the flow regulating valve 4 is a three-way valve, the outlet ends of the air inlet pipeline and the air drying pipeline are both connected into a fuel cell 6, and the air drying pipeline is provided with an air drying device 5. The integrated humidifying and cooling device 3 is also in circulating connection with the water pump 7 through a circulating pipeline, a radiator 9 or a heat exchanger is further arranged on the circulating pipeline, and the cooling liquid humidifies and cools the integrated humidifying and cooling device 3 in an external circulating mode through the water pump 7.
Integrated form humidification cooling device 3 includes the casing, and the casing is inside to be provided with the well membrane tube 10 that leads to of at least one parallel arrangement, and well logical membrane tube 10 material is polytetrafluoroethylene's cation exchange membrane, and the air passes through in the middle of the membrane tube 10 from leading to, and the coolant liquid is full of and leads to the outside space of membrane tube 10 in with, and the air cooling humidification of membrane tube 10 is led to in the centering, and the air admission fuel cell 6 after the cooling humidification.
The fuel cell system device also comprises a humidity sensor arranged on the fuel cell 6 and a temperature sensor arranged at the air inlet end of the integrated humidification cooling device 3; the water pump control system further comprises a control module which is electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor respectively, and the control module is also electrically connected with the water pump 7 and the flow regulating valve 4 respectively.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a method for controlling cooling and humidification by using the fuel cell system apparatus with integrated cooling and humidification function, where the method specifically includes:
s100, acquiring the temperature of air entering the integrated humidification cooling device 3, and entering a step S101;
s101, calculating heat dissipation required by air cooling by a control module according to the acquired air temperature and a temperature threshold value, and entering a step S102;
step S100, detecting and acquiring the temperature of the air entering the integrated humidification cooling device 3 through a temperature sensor;
further, in step S101, the air temperature entering the integrated humidification cooling device 3 is calculated by the compression ratio of the air compressor 2, and the calculation method is as follows:
in the formula:
T0at room temperature, the unit is Kelvin (K), and 293K-303K is taken;
ηC-air compressor efficiency;
π -compression ratio;
r-air adiabatic coefficient;
in step S101, a calculation formula of the heat dissipation amount required for air cooling is as follows:
Q＝Mair×Cair×(T1-T2)
q is the heat dissipation capacity required by air cooling, and the unit is watt (W);
Mair-mass air flow in grams per second (g/s);
Cair-air specific heat capacity in joules per gram kelvin J/(g.k);
T1-the temperature of the air entering the integrated humidification cooling device in kelvin (K);
T2-a temperature threshold in kelvin (K);
s102, the control module adjusts the rotating speed of the water pump 7 according to the heat dissipation capacity calculated in the step S101, and the step S200 is performed for logical judgment;
s200, the humidity sensor collects the humidity in the fuel cell 6 and transmits the humidity to the control module, the control module logically judges whether the humidity in the fuel cell 6 is higher than a humidity threshold value, and if the judgment result is yes, the step S202 is executed; if the judgment result is negative, the step S201 is entered;
s201, closing the flow regulating valve 4, directly entering the fuel cell 6 without drying the air entering the fuel cell 6, and entering the step S300;
s202, the control module adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve 4 according to the difference value between the humidity in the fuel cell and the humidity threshold value, and the air entering the fuel cell 6 is dried through the air drying device 5 and then enters S300;
in step S202, the method of calculating the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 4 is as follows:
the opening of the flow regulating valve is equal to the flow of the gas to be dried/the total flow of the gas flowing into the electric pile;
and S300, the temperature and the humidity of the air in the fuel cell 6 meet the working requirements, and the process is ended.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a control method of a fuel cell system device integrating a cooling and humidifying function, which comprises the following steps:
s100, acquiring the temperature of air entering the integrated humidification cooling device 3 by a temperature sensor, and entering a step S101;
s101, calculating heat dissipation required by air cooling by a control module according to the acquired air temperature and a temperature threshold value, and entering a step S102;
step S101, detecting and acquiring the air temperature through a temperature sensor, wherein a calculation formula of heat dissipation required by air cooling is as follows:
Q＝Mair×Cair×(T1-T2)
q is the heat dissipation required by air cooling, and the unit is W;
Mair-mass air flow in g/s;
Cair-air specific heat capacity, in units of J/(g · K);
T1-the temperature of the air entering the integrated humidification and cooling device is in units of K;
T2temperature threshold in K.
S102, the control module adjusts the rotating speed of the water pump 7 according to the heat dissipation capacity calculated in the step S101, and the step S200 is performed for logical judgment;
s200, the humidity sensor collects humidity in the fuel cell 6 and transmits the humidity to the control module, the control module logically judges whether the humidity in the fuel cell is higher than a humidity threshold value, if so, the step S202 is executed;
s202, the control module adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve 4 according to the difference value between the humidity in the fuel cell 6 and the humidity threshold value, and the air entering the fuel cell 6 is dried through the air drying device 5 and then enters S300;
in step S202, the method for calculating the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 4 is as follows:
the opening of the flow regulating valve is equal to the flow of the gas to be dried/the total flow of the gas flowing into the electric pile.
And S300, the temperature and the humidity of the air in the fuel cell 6 meet the working requirements, and the process is ended.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a control method of a fuel cell system device integrating a cooling and humidifying function, which comprises the following steps:
s100, acquiring the temperature of air entering the integrated humidification cooling device 3, and entering a step S101;
step S100, calculating the air temperature through the compression ratio of the air compressor, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
T0at room temperature, with the unit of K, 293K-303K is taken;
ηC-air compressor efficiency;
π -compression ratio;
r-air adiabatic coefficient;
s101, calculating heat dissipation required by air cooling by a control module according to the acquired air temperature and a temperature threshold value, and entering a step S102;
step S101, according to the obtained air temperature, a calculation formula of the heat dissipation amount required by air cooling is as follows:
Q＝Mair×Cair×(T1-T2)
q is the heat dissipation required by air cooling, and the unit is W;
Mair-mass air flow in g/s;
Cair-air specific heat capacity, in units of J/(g · K);
T1-the temperature of the air entering the integrated humidification and cooling device is in units of K;
T2-a temperature threshold in K;
s102, the control module adjusts the rotating speed of the water pump 7 according to the heat dissipation capacity calculated in the step S101, and the step S200 is performed for logical judgment;
s200, the humidity sensor collects humidity in the fuel cell 6 and transmits the humidity to the control module, the control module logically judges whether the humidity in the fuel cell is higher than a humidity threshold value, if not, the step S201 is executed;
s201, closing the flow regulating valve 4, directly entering the fuel cell 6 without drying the air entering the fuel cell, and entering the step S300;
and S300, the temperature and the humidity of the air in the fuel cell 6 meet the working requirements, and the process is ended.
According to the invention, the rotating speed of the air compressor and the humidity in the fuel cell are detected, and the heat dissipation required by air cooling is calculated according to the temperature of the air entering the integrated humidifying and cooling device and the temperature threshold value, so that the flow of the water pump is regulated, the flow of the cooling liquid entering the integrated humidifying and cooling device meets the air heat exchange, and the temperature stability of the air entering the fuel cell is ensured; and comparing the humidity in the fuel cell with a humidity threshold value, adjusting the opening of the flow adjusting valve, drying part of air, adjusting the humidity of gas entering the fuel cell, ensuring the humidity in the fuel cell, and avoiding the problems of flooding, dry membrane and the like.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. The control method of the fuel cell system device integrating the cooling and humidifying functions is characterized in that the fuel cell system device integrating the cooling and humidifying functions comprises a compression device, an integrated humidifying and cooling device and a fuel cell which are sequentially connected along the air flow direction, wherein a middle through membrane tube is arranged inside the integrated humidifying and cooling device;
the integrated humidifying and cooling device is connected with a connecting pipeline of the fuel cell in turn along the air flow direction and is connected with a flow regulating valve and an air drying device;
the integrated humidifying and cooling device is also in circulating connection with the conveying device, and the cooling liquid is used for humidifying and cooling the integrated humidifying and cooling device in an external circulation mode through the conveying device;
the fuel cell system device also comprises a detection control module, and the detection control module is respectively and electrically connected with the compression device, the fuel cell, the flow regulating valve and the conveying device; the detection control module respectively acquires the air temperature entering the integrated humidification and cooling device and the humidity in the fuel cell, controls the rotating speed of the conveying device according to the air temperature, and controls the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the humidity in the fuel cell;
the air outlet end of the integrated humidifying and cooling device is led out of an air inlet pipeline and an air drying pipeline which are independent from each other through a flow regulating valve, and the outlet ends of the air inlet pipeline and the air drying pipeline are both connected to a fuel cell;
the detection control module comprises a detection module, the detection module comprises a humidity sensor arranged on the fuel cell and a temperature sensor arranged at the air inlet end of the integrated humidification and cooling device, the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of air entering the integrated humidification and cooling device, and the humidity sensor is used for detecting the humidity in the fuel cell;
the detection control module further comprises a control module which is electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor respectively, and the control module respectively controls the conveying device and the flow regulating valve in a feedback manner; the control module is used for respectively receiving signals sent by the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, controlling the rotating speed of the conveying device according to the signal feedback of the temperature sensor and controlling the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the signal feedback of the humidity sensor;
the control method comprises the following steps:
s100, acquiring the temperature of air entering the integrated humidifying and cooling device, and entering the step S101;
s101, calculating heat dissipation required by air cooling by a control module according to the acquired air temperature and a temperature threshold value, and entering a step S102;
s102, the control module adjusts the rotating speed of the water pump according to the heat dissipation amount calculated in the step S101, and the step S200 is performed for logic judgment;
s200, the humidity sensor collects humidity in the fuel cell and transmits the humidity to the control module, the control module logically judges whether the humidity in the fuel cell is higher than a humidity threshold value, and if the judgment result is yes, the step S202 is carried out; if the judgment result is negative, the step S201 is entered;
s201, closing an air drying pipeline by adjusting a flow regulating valve, directly feeding cooled and humidified air into a fuel cell without drying, and then entering step S300;
s202, the control module adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the difference value between the humidity in the fuel cell and the humidity threshold value, and the air entering the fuel cell is dried through the air drying device and enters S300;
and S300, the temperature and the humidity of the air in the fuel cell meet working requirements, and the process is ended.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the integrated humidification and cooling device comprises a housing, at least two middle through membrane tubes are arranged in the housing, air flows through the middle through membrane tubes and is cooled and humidified by cooling liquid, and the cooled and humidified air enters the fuel cell.
3. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the cooling liquid cools and humidifies air flowing through the hollow membrane tube outside the hollow membrane tube, and moisture in the cooling liquid diffuses into the hollow membrane tube to humidify the air.
4. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the hollow membrane tubes are arranged in parallel.
5. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the material of the middle through membrane tube is a polytetrafluoroethylene cation exchange membrane.
6. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the air drying device is provided on the air drying line.
7. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the integrated humidification cooling device and the delivery device are circularly connected through a circulating pipeline, and a heat dissipation device is further arranged on the circulating pipeline.
8. The control method of claim 1, wherein said system means further comprises an exhaust gas treatment device connected to an outlet of said fuel cell.
9. The control method of claim 1, wherein an air filter is connected to an inlet end of the compression device.
10. The control method of claim 1, wherein the compression device is an air compressor.
11. The control method of claim 1, wherein the delivery device is a water pump.
12. The control method of claim 7, wherein the heat dissipation device is a heat sink or a heat exchanger.
13. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate adjustment valve is a three-way valve.
14. The control method according to claim 1, wherein step S100 acquires the temperature of the air entering the integrated humidification cooling device through detection of a temperature sensor; or the like, or, alternatively,
in step S100, the air temperature is calculated by the compression ratio of the air compressor, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
T0at room temperature, with the unit of K, 293K-303K is taken;
ηC-air compressor efficiency;
π -compression ratio;
r-air adiabatic coefficient.
15. The control method according to claim 1, wherein in step S101, the calculation formula of the heat dissipation amount required for cooling the air is as follows:
Q＝Mair×Cair×(T1-T2)
q is the heat dissipation required by air cooling, and the unit is W;
Mair-mass air flow in g/s;
Cair-air specific heat capacity, in units of J/(g · K);
T1-the temperature of the air entering the integrated humidification and cooling device is in units of K;
T2temperature threshold in K.
16. The control method according to claim 1, wherein in step S202, the flow rate adjusting valve opening degree is calculated as follows:
the opening of the flow regulating valve is equal to the flow of the gas to be dried/the total flow of the gas flowing into the electric pile.
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| CN113363532A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-07 | 四川荣创新能动力系统有限公司 | Control method of fuel cell cooling system |
| CN113471478B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-07-04 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Cooling device and fuel cell system with same |
| CN114142064A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-04 | 浙江锋源氢能科技有限公司 | Fuel cell humidifying system and fuel cell system |
| CN115295826B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2023-04-18 | 上海杰宁新能源科技发展有限公司 | Fuel cell control method, system, storage medium and intelligent terminal |
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