CN114335589A - Fuel cell with self-humidifying function - Google Patents
Fuel cell with self-humidifying function Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114335589A CN114335589A CN202111348176.2A CN202111348176A CN114335589A CN 114335589 A CN114335589 A CN 114335589A CN 202111348176 A CN202111348176 A CN 202111348176A CN 114335589 A CN114335589 A CN 114335589A
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- flow channel
- fuel cell
- anode
- cathode
- outlet
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell with self-humidifying function, which has a counter-flow field structure and comprises a plurality of bipolar plates, wherein the bipolar plates are of the flow field structure, a cathode flow channel and an anode flow channel are respectively arranged at two sides of the bipolar plates, and the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel comprise: many runners and a plurality of spoilers, the runner includes runner entry and runner export, the spoiler is the angle setting of predetermineeing with the runner cross-section, the front end of spoiler is towards runner entry for water in the runner gathers in the front end of spoiler, with produce water concentration difference and gas humidity difference in cathode flow channel and anode flow channel both sides, when making the water reverse osmosis of cathode flow channel export to anode flow channel entrance, make the water reverse osmosis of anode flow channel export to cathode flow channel entrance. The fuel cell can effectively solve the problems that an external humidification system of the fuel cell is too complex, the structure is not compact, and the phenomenon of weakening reverse osmosis from a cathode to an anode is easy to generate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell with a self-humidifying function.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the advantages of cleanness, low noise, low operation temperature, high current density, high energy conversion efficiency and the like. Such a fuel cell of small power can be used as a power source for electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric mowers, electric motorcycles, electric wheelchair vehicles, electric tools, and the like. Such a fuel cell system requires an auxiliary system such as a fuel and oxidant supply system and electronic intelligent control, in addition to the fuel cell stack. The fuel hydrogen is generally supplied by a hydrogen humidification system which can adjust the humidity of hydrogen by adjusting the water temperature, and the cell stack is provided with a liquid cooling system which controls the temperature of the cell stack by water or other liquid. The membrane electrode is a core component of the stack. It is formed by hot-pressing a proton exchange membrane and a cathode and an anode. On the anode side of the membrane electrode, the fuel hydrogen gas electrochemically reacts on the surface of the catalyst to produce electrons and protons, which migrate through the proton exchange membrane to the cathode side and combine with electrons conducted from an external circuit to produce water. The protons on the anode side combine with water in the membrane to hydrate the protons and migrate under the influence of electroosmotic forces to the cathode, resulting in dehydration of the membrane on the anode side. Although there is a phenomenon of reverse osmosis of water under the action of concentration difference, the reverse osmosis is often greatly weakened during the air draft or blowing process of a fan, so that the proton conduction performance of the proton exchange membrane is seriously reduced to endanger the electrical performance of the pile.
Therefore, the following drawbacks exist in the related art:
(1) proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems employing external humidification systems and employing compressors to provide a source of high pressure air have large volumes, heavy weights, and non-compact structures, and are not suitable for use as mobile power sources, particularly mobile power sources.
(2) In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using atmospheric air as an air source, if a fan for air draft or blowing is used as its power, when air passes through a through-type flow channel of a bipolar plate of a stack, the reverse osmosis phenomenon of water from a cathode to an anode is weakened, and if hydrogen gas at the anode is not humidified, a membrane at the anode side is dehydrated, so that the electrical property of the stack with low power originally is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a fuel cell with a self-humidifying function, which can effectively solve the problems that a humidifying system for the external use of the fuel cell is too complex and not compact, the phenomenon of weakening of the reverse osmosis phenomenon from a cathode to an anode is easy to occur, and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell having a self-humidifying function, including: the fuel cell comprises a cathode flow channel and an anode flow channel, wherein the other side of the position of an anode gas outlet corresponds to a cathode gas inlet, and the other side of the position of the anode gas inlet corresponds to a cathode gas outlet, so that the fuel cell has a countercurrent flow field structure; the bipolar plates are of flow field structures, the cathode flow channels and the anode flow channels are respectively arranged on two sides of the bipolar plates, wherein the cathode flow channels and the anode flow channels comprise: a plurality of flow channels comprising a flow channel inlet and a flow channel outlet; the front ends of the spoilers face the flow channel inlet, so that water in the flow channel is gathered at the front ends of the spoilers, a water concentration difference and a gas humidity difference are generated on two sides of the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel, water at the outlet of the cathode flow channel reversely permeates to the inlet of the anode flow channel, and meanwhile water at the outlet of the anode flow channel reversely permeates to the inlet of the cathode flow channel.
The fuel cell with the self-humidifying function of the embodiment of the invention realizes self-humidifying through the self-humidifying bipolar plate flow field structure with the turbulent flow structure, has obvious humidifying effect, can effectively reduce the use of external humidifying equipment, realizes the purposes of reducing cost and simplifying structure, and effectively solves the problems that an external humidifying system of the fuel cell is too complex, the structure is not compact, the phenomenon of reverse osmosis from a cathode to an anode is easily weakened, and the like.
In addition, the fuel cell with the self-humidifying function according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the preset angle may range from 30 ° to 150 °.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the spoiler is disposed at a predetermined distance from the flow passage outlet.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present invention, the preset distance may be 5% to 15% of the length of the bipolar plate.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the spoiler is a preset height.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, the preset height may be 30% to 60% of the height of the flow channel.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the inlet and the outlet of the flow channel are respectively disposed corresponding to the inlet and the outlet of the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the spoiler may include, but is not limited to, a rectangle, a slope, a trapezoid, and a circle.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell having a self-humidifying function according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 2 is a schematic view of a self-humidifying bipolar plate flow field structure with a flow perturbation structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A fuel cell having a self-humidifying function proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell having a self-humidifying function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell having the self-humidifying function includes a plurality of bipolar plates.
The bipolar plate is of a flow field structure, a cathode flow channel and an anode flow channel are respectively arranged on two sides of the bipolar plate, the other side of the anode gas outlet in the anode flow channel corresponds to a cathode gas inlet in the cathode flow channel, and the other side of the anode gas inlet in the anode flow channel corresponds to a cathode gas outlet in the cathode flow channel, so that the fuel cell has a counter-flow field structure; the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel include: many runners and a plurality of spoilers, the runner includes runner entry and runner export, the spoiler is the angle setting of predetermineeing with the runner cross-section, the front end of spoiler is towards runner entry for water in the runner gathers in the front end of spoiler, with produce water concentration difference and gas humidity difference in cathode flow channel and anode flow channel both sides, when making the water reverse osmosis of cathode flow channel export to anode flow channel entrance, make the water reverse osmosis of anode flow channel export to cathode flow channel entrance.
Wherein, the water can be liquid water or gaseous water. It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can achieve self-humidification through the self-humidifying bipolar plate flow field structure with the flow disturbing structure, wherein the self-humidifying bipolar plate flow field structure with the flow disturbing structure is as shown in fig. 2, and is suitable for designing a fuel cell bipolar plate in a counter-flow field mode. Note that, in fig. 2, the protrusion is a spoiler installation position.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the preset angle may range from 30 ° to 150 °. The preset angle can be set according to specific design requirements, and is not specifically limited.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the spoiler is disposed at a predetermined distance from the outlet of the flow passage. The distance from the outlet can be 5% -15% of the length of the whole bipolar plate according to specific design requirements, and is not particularly limited.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the spoiler is a preset height, wherein the height may be different from 30% to 60% of the height of the flow channel according to specific design requirements.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the side of the spoiler facing the air inlet includes, but is not limited to, rectangle, slope, trapezoid, circle, etc.
According to the fuel cell with the self-humidifying function provided by the embodiment of the invention, the self-humidifying is realized through the self-humidifying bipolar plate flow field structure with the turbulent flow structure, the humidifying effect is obvious, the use of external humidifying equipment can be effectively reduced, the purposes of reducing the cost and simplifying the structure are realized, and the problems that an external humidifying system of the fuel cell is too complex, the structure is not compact, the phenomenon of reverse osmosis from a cathode to an anode is easily generated and the like are effectively solved.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel cell having a self-humidifying function, characterized by comprising:
the fuel cell comprises a cathode flow channel and an anode flow channel, wherein the other side of the position of an anode gas outlet corresponds to a cathode gas inlet, and the other side of the position of the anode gas inlet corresponds to a cathode gas outlet, so that the fuel cell has a countercurrent flow field structure;
the bipolar plates are of flow field structures, the cathode flow channels and the anode flow channels are respectively arranged on two sides of the bipolar plates, wherein the cathode flow channels and the anode flow channels comprise: a plurality of flow channels comprising a flow channel inlet and a flow channel outlet; the front ends of the spoilers face the flow channel inlet, so that water in the flow channel is gathered at the front ends of the spoilers, a water concentration difference and a gas humidity difference are generated on two sides of the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel, water at the outlet of the cathode flow channel reversely permeates to the inlet of the anode flow channel, and meanwhile water at the outlet of the anode flow channel reversely permeates to the inlet of the cathode flow channel.
2. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the preset angle is in a range of 30 ° to 150 °.
3. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the spoiler is disposed at a predetermined distance from the flow channel outlet.
4. The fuel cell of claim 2, wherein the predetermined distance is 5-15% of the length of the bipolar plate.
5. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a height of the spoiler is a preset height.
6. The fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the predetermined height is 30 to 60% of the height of the flow channel.
7. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the inlet and outlet of the flow channel are provided corresponding to the inlet and outlet of the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel, respectively.
8. The fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the shape of the spoiler includes a rectangle, a slope, a trapezoid, and a circle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111348176.2A CN114335589A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Fuel cell with self-humidifying function |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111348176.2A CN114335589A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Fuel cell with self-humidifying function |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114335589A true CN114335589A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111348176.2A Pending CN114335589A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Fuel cell with self-humidifying function |
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Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000251907A (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-09-14 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Solid polymer fuel cell |
| CN1332891A (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2002-01-23 | 能量合伙公司 | Self-humidifying fuel cell |
| US20020071981A1 (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2002-06-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| CN1684294A (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2005-10-19 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Self heat radiation and self wetting fuel cell stack with high power density |
| US20060134474A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Fuel cell humidification system |
| JP2006164606A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Separator for fuel cell, and fuel cell stack |
| JP2006228752A (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2006-08-31 | Toshiba Corp | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
| JP2007010203A (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Humidifier |
| JP2009231083A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell |
| CN112490464A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-12 | 无锡威孚高科技集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate with internal humidification structure and electric pile |
| CN112786912A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-11 | 青岛鸿轩氢能装备科技企业(有限合伙) | Preparation method of porous graphite-based self-humidifying bipolar plate |
-
2021
- 2021-11-15 CN CN202111348176.2A patent/CN114335589A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1332891A (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2002-01-23 | 能量合伙公司 | Self-humidifying fuel cell |
| JP2000251907A (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-09-14 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Solid polymer fuel cell |
| US20020071981A1 (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2002-06-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| CN1684294A (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2005-10-19 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Self heat radiation and self wetting fuel cell stack with high power density |
| JP2006164606A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Separator for fuel cell, and fuel cell stack |
| US20060134474A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Fuel cell humidification system |
| JP2007010203A (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Humidifier |
| JP2006228752A (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2006-08-31 | Toshiba Corp | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
| JP2009231083A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell |
| CN112490464A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-12 | 无锡威孚高科技集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate with internal humidification structure and electric pile |
| CN112786912A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-11 | 青岛鸿轩氢能装备科技企业(有限合伙) | Preparation method of porous graphite-based self-humidifying bipolar plate |
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Application publication date: 20220412 |
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