CN114326384A - Control method of SCR flue gas denitration system of thermal power plant - Google Patents
Control method of SCR flue gas denitration system of thermal power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN114326384A CN114326384A CN202111406548.2A CN202111406548A CN114326384A CN 114326384 A CN114326384 A CN 114326384A CN 202111406548 A CN202111406548 A CN 202111406548A CN 114326384 A CN114326384 A CN 114326384A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000009123 feedback regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical group O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700018263 Brassica oleracea SCR Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a control method of a SCR flue gas denitration system of a thermal power plant, which comprises the following steps of S1, constructing a hardware framework of a control system, wherein the hardware framework comprises a linear controller, an ammonia spraying unit, a reaction unit and a feedback unit, and the linear controller comprises a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller and a second-order filter; step S2, constructing a control system software framework, including recording a disturbance channel transfer function and an ammonia injection unit adjusting function; step S3, starting work, starting an ammonia injection unit according to a preset ammonia injection amount, and detecting a reaction result at the tail of the reaction unit; and step S4, performing feedback regulation, wherein the PID controller and the second-order filter work together, regulating the ammonia injection amount according to the detected reaction result, and correcting the linear controller in the regulation process. According to the invention, by setting a method for adjusting the ammonia injection amount in a closed loop, the influence of strong disturbance on a system of an SCR flue gas denitration system is overcome, and the requirement of deep peak regulation of a thermal power generating unit is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas denitration, in particular to a control method of an SCR flue gas denitration system of a thermal power plant.
Background
Along with the development of ultralow emission of coal-fired units in China, higher requirements are put forward on the efficiency of an SCR denitration device, particularly for boilers burning anthracite or lean coal, the concentration of NOx at a hearth outlet is as high as 700-1200 mg/m3, and when the ultralow emission is achieved, the denitration efficiency needs to reach 93-96%. For the SCR flue gas denitration technology of a large coal-fired unit, the flue gas treatment amount is large, the section of an SCR reactor is large, the control difficulty of the distribution uniformity of the ammonia nitrogen molar ratio is large, and the influence of the distribution uniformity of the ammonia nitrogen molar ratio on the efficiency of an SCR denitration device is large.
The SCR flue gas denitration ammonia injection system of the thermal power plant has certain large inertia, large lag and strong interference, the deep peak shaving of the thermal power unit aggravates the disturbance of the SCR flue gas denitration system, and the flue gas denitration effect is poor. PID control still dominates industrial processes, and the proportion reaches more than 90%. The immunity is an essential problem of a control system, and the Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC) is different from a conventional PID controller error-based control method, and is faster than a PID controller by extracting disturbance information from an input/output signal of a controlled object to reconstruct and eliminate the disturbance information by using an extended state observer. However, the linear active disturbance rejection control structure is complex, the parameter setting is troublesome, and the configuration is not easy to realize in the power plant DCS.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a control method of an SCR flue gas denitration system of a thermal power plant, which adopts an approximate Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Controller (LADRC) of an actual PID + second-order filter structure to solve the problems that a flue gas denitration ammonia injection system in the prior art has certain large inertia, large lag and strong disturbance, the disturbance of the SCR flue gas denitration system is aggravated by deep peak shaving of a thermal power unit, and the flue gas denitration effect is poor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling an SCR flue gas denitration system of a thermal power plant, comprising,
step S1, constructing a hardware framework of a control system, wherein the hardware framework comprises a linear controller, an ammonia spraying unit, a reaction unit and a feedback unit, and the linear controller comprises a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller and a second-order filter;
step S2, constructing a control system software framework, including recording a disturbance channel transfer function and an ammonia injection unit adjusting function;
step S3, starting work, starting an ammonia injection unit according to a preset ammonia injection amount, and detecting a reaction result at the tail of the reaction unit;
and step S4, performing feedback regulation, wherein the PID controller and the second-order filter work together, regulating the ammonia injection amount according to the detected reaction result, and correcting the linear controller in the regulation process.
Furthermore, a control and regulation function C(s) is arranged in the PID controller,
wherein k ispIs the proportionality coefficient of PID, TiIs the integration time, TdIs the differential time, TdThe definition of/N is the differential filter time constant.
Furthermore, a control adjusting function F(s) is arranged in the second-order filter,
wherein k isfFor filter gain, T1Is the first predetermined filter time constant, T2Is a second predetermined filter time constant.
Furthermore, a control adjusting function C is arranged in the linear controllerLADRC(s),
CLADRC(s)＝C1(s)F(s)≈C(s)F(s)
Wherein, C1(s) is an ideal PID, CLADRC(s) is a linear active disturbance rejection controller.
Wherein k ispProportional coefficient of ideal PID, TiIs the integration time, TdIs the differential time.
Further, a robust function H is introduced in the process of parameter setting of the control regulating function C(s) and the control regulating function F(s)∞For standard H∞The requirements are met,
S(s)＝E(s)R-1(s)＝[I+C(s)G(s)]-1
wherein, W1(s) is a first predetermined weighting function, W2(s) is a second predetermined weighting function, W3(s) a third predetermined weighting function, S(s) a sensitivity function, T(s) a complementary sensitivity function, E(s) a control system bias, R-1(s) is the inverse of the system input signal, and I is the identity matrix.
Further, when the closed loop characteristic desired by the control system is h(s), a performance index desired by the control system can be obtained according to h(s).
Furthermore, let T(s) H(s), select the integral index ITAE of the product of time and absolute error as the objective function of the control system performance, solve by intelligent optimization algorithms such as empire competition algorithm or genetic algorithm, obtain the control system parameters,
e (t) is the deviation of the control system.
Further, t(s) ═ 1-s(s).
Furthermore, an actual PID controller control regulation function C(s) and a second-order filter control regulation function F(s) are connected in series to form an actual control link of a closed-loop system, the deviation e between an SCR outlet NOx concentration set value R(s) and an actual measured value is used as the input of the control link, a final control instruction is formed through the actual PID and the second-order filter F(s) and acts on a control object G(s), the ammonia injection amount of the system is controlled by changing the opening degree of an ammonia injection regulation valve of the ammonia injection unit, and therefore the concentration of the SCR outlet NOx is ensured to be stabilized at the set value;
the jump of the NOx concentration at the SCR inlet is used as the main disturbance d of the system to directly cause NO at the SCR outletxThe change in concentration has a transfer function D(s).
Further, NOx is nitrogen oxide.
Compared with the prior art, the SCR system control method has the advantages that the SCR system control method is good in robustness, can overcome the influence of strong disturbance on a system of an SCR flue gas denitration system, and meets the requirement of deep peak regulation of a thermal power generating unit; meanwhile, the method has simple structure, convenient parameter setting, easy configuration realization in DCS and convenient popularization in engineering application
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of an SCR flue gas denitration system of a thermal power plant according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the adjusting process of the control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of an SCR flue gas denitration system of a thermal power plant according to the present invention.
A control method of an SCR flue gas denitration system of a thermal power plant comprises the following steps,
step S1, constructing a hardware framework of a control system, wherein the hardware framework comprises a linear controller, an ammonia spraying unit, a reaction unit and a feedback unit, and the linear controller comprises a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller and a second-order filter;
step S2, constructing a control system software framework, including recording a disturbance channel transfer function and an ammonia injection unit adjusting function;
step S3, starting work, starting an ammonia injection unit according to a preset ammonia injection amount, and detecting a reaction result at the tail of the reaction unit;
and step S4, performing feedback regulation, wherein the PID controller and the second-order filter work together, regulating the ammonia injection amount according to the detected reaction result, and correcting the linear controller in the regulation process.
Furthermore, a control and regulation function C(s) is arranged in the PID controller,
wherein k ispIs the proportionality coefficient of PID, TiIs the integration time, TdIs the differential time, TdThe definition of/N is the differential filter time constant.
Furthermore, a control adjusting function F(s) is arranged in the second-order filter,
wherein k isfFor filter gain, T1Is the first predetermined filter time constant, T2Is a second predetermined filter time constant.
Furthermore, a control adjusting function C is arranged in the linear controllerLADRC(s),
CLADRC(s)＝C1(s)F(s)≈C(s)F(s)
Wherein, C1(s) is an ideal PID, CLADRC(s) is a linear active disturbance rejection controller.
Wherein k ispProportional coefficient of ideal PID, TiIs the integration time, TdIs the differential time.
Further, a robust function H is introduced in the process of parameter setting of the control regulating function C(s) and the control regulating function F(s)∞For standard H∞The requirements are met,
S(s)＝E(s)R-1(s)＝[I+C(s)G(s)]-1
wherein, W1(s) is a first predetermined weighting function, W2(s) is a second predetermined weighting function, W3(s) a third predetermined weighting function, S(s) a sensitivity function, T(s) a complementary sensitivity function, E(s) a control system bias, R-1(s) is the inverse of the system input signal.
Further, when the closed loop characteristic desired by the control system is h(s), a performance index desired by the control system can be obtained according to h(s).
Furthermore, let T(s) H(s), select the integral index ITAE of the product of time and absolute error as the objective function of the control system performance, solve by intelligent optimization algorithms such as empire competition algorithm or genetic algorithm, obtain the control system parameters,
e (t) is the deviation of the control system.
Further, t(s) ═ 1-s(s).
Please refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of an adjustment process of the control method according to the present invention, wherein an actual PID controller controls an adjustment function c(s) and a second-order filter controls an adjustment function f(s) to form an actual control link of a closed-loop system in series, a deviation e between a set value r(s) of NOx concentration at an outlet of the SCR and an actual measurement value is used as an input of the control link, a final control command is formed by the actual PID and the second-order filter f(s) and acts on a control object g(s), and an ammonia injection amount of the system is controlled by changing an opening degree of an ammonia injection adjustment valve of the ammonia injection unit, so as to ensure that the NOx concentration at the outlet of the SCR is stabilized at the set value;
the jump of the NOx concentration at the SCR inlet is used as the main disturbance d of the system to directly cause NO at the SCR outletxThe change in concentration has a transfer function D(s).
Further, NOx is nitrogen oxide.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of a SCR flue gas denitration system of a thermal power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps,
step S1, constructing a hardware framework of a control system, wherein the hardware framework comprises a linear controller, an ammonia spraying unit, a reaction unit and a feedback unit, and the linear controller comprises a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller and a second-order filter;
step S2, constructing a control system software framework, including recording a disturbance channel transfer function and an ammonia injection unit adjusting function;
step S3, starting work, starting an ammonia injection unit according to a preset ammonia injection amount, and detecting a reaction result at the tail of the reaction unit;
and step S4, performing feedback regulation, wherein the PID controller and the second-order filter work together, regulating the ammonia injection amount according to the detected reaction result, and correcting the linear controller in the regulation process.
2. The control method of the SCR flue gas denitration system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein a control regulation function C(s) is arranged in the PID controller,
wherein k ispIs the proportionality coefficient of PID, TiIs the integration time, TdIs the differential time, TdThe definition of/N is the differential filter time constant.
3. The control method of the SCR flue gas denitration system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein a control adjusting function F(s) is arranged in the second order filter,
wherein k isfFor filter gain, T1Is the first predetermined filter time constant, T2Is a second predetermined filter time constant.
4. The control method of the SCR flue gas denitration system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 3, wherein a control regulation function C is provided in the linear controllerLADRC(s),
CLADRC(s)＝C1(s)F(s)≈C(s)F(s)
Wherein, C1(s) is an ideal PID;
wherein k ispProportional coefficient of ideal PID, TiIs the integration time, TdIs the differential time.
5. The control method of the SCR flue gas denitration system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 4, wherein a robust function H is introduced during the parameter setting of the control regulation function C(s) and the control regulation function F(s)∞For standard H∞The requirements are met,
S(s)＝E(s)R-1(s)＝[I+C(s)G(s)]-1
wherein, W1(s) is a first predetermined weighting function, W2(s) is a second predetermined weighting function, W3(s) a third predetermined weighting function, S(s) a sensitivity function, T(s) a complementary sensitivity function, E(s) a control system bias, R-1(s) is the inverse of the system input signal, and I is the identity matrix.
6. The control method of the SCR flue gas denitration system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the desired closed-loop characteristic of the control system is H(s), the desired performance index of the control system can be obtained according to H(s).
7. The control method of the SCR flue gas denitration system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 6, wherein let T(s) H(s), select the integral index ITAE of the product of time and absolute error as the objective function of the control system performance, solve by using intelligent optimization algorithm such as empire competition algorithm or genetic algorithm to obtain the control system parameters,
e (t) is the deviation of the control system.
8. The control method of the SCR flue gas denitration system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 5, wherein T(s) -1-S(s).
9. The control method of the SCR flue gas denitration system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 7, wherein an actual PID controller control and regulation function C(s) and a second-order filter control and regulation function F(s) are connected in series to form an actual control link of a closed-loop system, a deviation e between an SCR outlet NOx concentration set value R(s) and an actual measured value is used as an input of the control link, a final control instruction is formed through the actual PID and the second-order filter F(s) and acts on a control object G(s), and the purpose of controlling the ammonia injection amount of the system is achieved by changing the opening degree of an ammonia injection regulation valve of the ammonia injection unit, so that the concentration of the SCR outlet NOx is ensured to be stabilized at a set value;
the jump of the NOx concentration at the SCR inlet is used as the main disturbance d of the system to directly cause NO at the SCR outletxThe change in concentration has a transfer function D(s).
10. The control method of the thermal power plant SCR flue gas denitration system according to claim 9, wherein NOx is nitrogen oxide.
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