CN114326102A - Static aberration correction method for space optical communication miniaturized terminal - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for correcting static aberration of a miniaturized terminal for space optical communication relates to the technical field of communication terminals, aiming at the problem that in the prior art, under the condition that the initial aberration of a common light path and a beacon light receiving light path is poor, the quality of light spots of beacon light received by a CCD (charge coupled device) is poor, and the realization of a tracking function is not facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication terminals, in particular to a static aberration correction method for a space optical communication miniaturized terminal.
Background
In a space optical communication terminal on the same optical path as the transmission and reception, the wave front aberration of the transmission and reception signal and the beacon light is corrected by using adaptive optics. At this time, the communication terminal has a common optical path and five non-common optical paths, wherein the wavefront detection optical path only plays a role of detecting wavefront aberration and can calibrate the initial aberration of the communication terminal, so that the communication terminal has a lower aberration requirement and has a relatively higher requirement on other non-common optical path aberrations. However, in the conventional adaptive optical system, the wavefront aberration is detected by a shack-Hartmann wavefront detector (SH-WFS) in a wavefront detection optical path, so that a Deformable Mirror (DM) is controlled to generate a specific surface type to compensate the aberration, and thus, the received signal of the wavefront detection optical path can only be ensured to have good image quality, and the aberration of other non-common optical paths can not be also corrected. Meanwhile, the optical path of the whole system may have a large static aberration, and although the aberration can be measured in a laboratory, the static aberration may be changed due to special conditions such as temperature change and dust adhesion during the operation of the communication terminal. Under the condition that the initial aberration of the common light path and the beacon light receiving light path is poor, the quality of light spots of the beacon light received by the CCD is poor, and the realization of the tracking function is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: aiming at the problems that in the prior art, the quality of light spots of the beacon light received by a CCD is poor and the realization of a tracking function is not facilitated under the condition that the initial aberration of a common light path and a beacon light receiving light path is poor, the method for correcting the static aberration of the common light path and the beacon light receiving light path in the space optical communication miniaturized terminal is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problems is as follows:
the static aberration correction method for the space optical communication miniaturized terminal comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing an all-optical-path module, wherein the all-optical-path system comprises three optical paths:
a first optical path: the incident light sequentially passes through the telescope, the tracking and aiming system and the piezoelectric deformable mirror, the beacon light passing through the piezoelectric deformable mirror is contracted after passing through the first beam splitter, and the contracted light enters the summer-Hartmann wavefront detector;
and a second light path: the incident light sequentially passes through the telescope, the tracking and aiming system and the piezoelectric deformable mirror, the beacon light passing through the piezoelectric deformable mirror enters the second beam splitter after passing through the first beam splitter, and the beacon light output by the second beam splitter enters the CCD2 after being output by the focusing lens;
and (3) an optical path III: the incident light sequentially passes through the telescope, the tracking and aiming system and the piezoelectric deformable mirror, the beacon light passing through the piezoelectric deformable mirror enters the second beam splitter after passing through the first beam splitter, and the beacon light entering the second beam splitter enters the avalanche photodiode after sequentially passing through the third beam splitter, the focusing lens and the multimode fiber;
step two: according to the constructed full light path module, the control voltage of the light spot piezoelectric deformable mirror compensation surface type on the CCD2 is calculated;
step three: and controlling the deformable mirror to generate a specific surface type compensation aberration according to the control voltage, and recording the deformed mirror surface type as an initial surface type at the moment, namely completing aberration correction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method and the device can solve the poor condition of the initial aberration of the common light path and the beacon light receiving light path, generate a specific initial compensation surface type by controlling the deformable mirror, effectively eliminate the static aberration of the common light path and the beacon light receiving light path, improve the light spot quality of the CCD receiving beacon light, and are favorable for realizing tracking.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-optical system according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating PSF merit function definition;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of RMS improvement for two 100 sets of random wavefront beams.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments disclosed in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The first embodiment is as follows: specifically, referring to fig. 1, the method for correcting static aberration of a space optical communication miniaturized terminal according to this embodiment includes:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing an all-optical-path module, wherein the all-optical-path system comprises three optical paths:
a first optical path: the incident beacon light sequentially passes through the telescope, the tracking system and the piezoelectric deformable mirror, the beacon light passing through the piezoelectric deformable mirror is contracted after passing through the first beam splitter, and the contracted beacon light enters the summer-Hartmann wavefront detector;
and a second light path: the incident light sequentially passes through the telescope, the tracking and aiming system and the piezoelectric deformable mirror, the beacon light passing through the piezoelectric deformable mirror enters the second beam splitter after passing through the first beam splitter, and the beacon light output by the second beam splitter enters the CCD2 after being output by the focusing lens;
and (3) an optical path III: the incident light sequentially passes through the telescope, the tracking and aiming system and the piezoelectric deformable mirror, the beacon light passing through the piezoelectric deformable mirror enters the second beam splitter after passing through the first beam splitter, and the beacon light entering the second beam splitter enters the avalanche photodiode after sequentially passing through the third beam splitter, the focusing lens and the multimode fiber;
step two: according to the constructed full light path module, the control voltage of the light spot piezoelectric deformable mirror compensation surface type on the CCD2 is calculated;
step three: and controlling the deformable mirror to generate a specific surface type compensation aberration according to the control voltage, and recording the deformed mirror surface type as an initial surface type at the moment, namely completing aberration correction.
The second embodiment is as follows: this embodiment mode is a further description of the first embodiment mode, and is different from the first embodiment mode in that the second embodiment mode includes the following specific steps:
step two, firstly: opening the telescope, and receiving the opposite incident light by the telescope;
step two: applying an initial voltage u to the piezoelectric deformable mirror electrode0＝{0,0,…0}；
Step two and step three: calculating evaluation function J by using pixel points on CCD2k(uk) Wherein, in the step (A),
step two, four: randomly generating disturbance vector delta u satisfying Bernoulli distributionk；
Step two and step five: respectively applying positive one-half disturbance vector delta u to the electrodes of the piezoelectric deformable mirrorkAnd negative one-half disturbance vector delta ukThen, the received power P of the avalanche photodiodes is read, and an evaluation function is calculated by the formula J-P
And
step two, step six: according to
And
obtaining the change delta J of the evaluation functionk：
Step two, seven: according to the disturbance vector delta ukAnd the change δ J of the evaluation functionkTo obtain uk+1；
Step two eight: judging the value of k if k>500 then outputs the finally optimized voltage u*If k is<When u is 500, order uk＝uk +1Repeating the second step to the seventh step;
step two nine: setting the deformable mirror voltage to u*And completing aberration correction.
The third concrete implementation mode: this embodiment is a further explanation of the second embodiment, and is different from the second embodiment in that the change δ J of the evaluation function iskExpressed as:
the fourth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment mode is a further description of embodiment mode three, and the difference between this embodiment mode and embodiment mode three is that u is the above-mentionedk+1Expressed as:
uk+1＝uk-γδJkδuk
where γ is a gain factor.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment mode is a further description of a fourth embodiment mode, and the difference between this embodiment mode and the fourth embodiment mode is that the piezoelectric deformable mirror includes 43 electrodes, including 40 electrodes and 3 independent pitch/tilt electrodes on the main mirror.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment is further described with reference to the fifth embodiment, and the difference between the present embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the operating wavelength band of the piezoelectric deformable mirror is 450nm to 20 μm.
The seventh embodiment: this embodiment mode is a further description of a sixth embodiment mode, and is different from the sixth embodiment mode in that the maximum refresh rate of the piezoelectric deformable mirror is 4 kHz.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the seventh embodiment is further described, and the difference between the seventh embodiment and the seventh embodiment is that the detection waveband of the shack-hartmann wavefront detector is 400-900 nm, the aperture is 4.5mm, the number of microlenses is less than or equal to 700, the size is 150 μm, and the focal length is 10 mm.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment is further described with respect to the eighth embodiment, and the difference between the present embodiment and the eighth embodiment is that the detection wavelength band of the avalanche photodiode is 850-1650 nm.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: this embodiment mode is a further description of a ninth embodiment mode, and the difference between this embodiment mode and the ninth embodiment mode is that the incident light is a laser diode.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic optical diagram of static aberration correction of common optical path and beacon light receiving optical path in a space optical communication miniaturized terminal. Assuming that the incident light is a plane wave, the light beam received by the CCD2 contains exactly both the common-path static aberration information and the optical path (2) static aberration information. The opposite incident beacon light is received by the telescope, enters the BS1 through the tracking system and the deformable mirror, is divided into two beams, one beam enters the light path (1), is condensed and detected by SH-WFS, and the other beam enters the light path (2) and is received by the CCD 2. If the wavefront aberration is known from the light spot on the CCD2, then the anamorphic mirror is controlled to generate a specific surface pattern to compensate for this aberration, and the anamorphic mirror surface pattern at this time is recorded as the initial surface pattern, the static aberration of the common optical path and the beacon light receiving optical path can be corrected. However, the communication terminal cannot additionally provide the reference plane wave due to limitations of volume, mass, power consumption, and the like of the miniaturized communication terminal. In the present invention, since the counter incident beacon light has only a small aberration when the weather condition is considered to be good, the counter incident beacon light can be used as the reference light wave.
In the process, how to solve the control voltage of the deformed mirror compensation surface type through the light spot on the CCD2 is a key problem. This is generally considered as an optimization problem, and a random parallel gradient descent method is adopted to perform iterative solution, and a specific iterative expression is shown as formula (1).
uk+1＝uk-γδJkδuk (1)
Wherein the superscripts k and k +1 denote the kth iteration result and the kth +1 iteration result, respectively, and u ═ u { (u) }1,u2,…uNAnd the control voltage vector of the deformable mirror, N, J, and gamma are evaluation functions and gain coefficients, respectively. δ u ═ δ u1,δu2,…δuNIs the applied random perturbation vector, the evaluation function variation value is deltaj,
δJ＝J+-J-＝J(u+δu/2)-J(u-δu/2) (2)
the selection of the evaluation function is also very important in the algorithm, and since the plane wave incident imaging is equivalent to the point light source imaging, the point spread function can be selected as the evaluation function. The point spread function is the light field distribution of the output image of a point light source when the input object is the point light source, a perfect PSF consists of a bright Airy disc, and the minimum diffraction fringes are arranged around the disc. If wavefront aberrations occur, more of the intensity energy will be pushed into the diffraction fringes, thereby reducing the energy in the airy disk, so we give the expression for the evaluation function J as follows,
wherein, IiIs the light intensity of each pixel point in the Airy disc, I0The light intensity of each pixel point of the diffraction fringes around the disk, as shown in figure 2,
the invention corrects the static aberration of the common light path and the beacon light receiving light path as follows:
opening the telescope to enable the communication terminal to receive the opposite incident light, stopping other work of the communication terminal, starting to perform static aberration correction, and completing the steps (2) to (8) by using a computer;
applying an initial voltage u to 43 electrodes of a deformable piezoelectric deformable mirror0＝{0,0,…0}，u[1:40]Control voltages for 40 actuators on the main mirror, u 41:43]Control voltages for 3 independent pitch/tilt actuator arms;
using the pixel points on CCD2, an evaluation function J is calculated according to equation (3) and FIG. 2k(uk)，IiThe center of the disc is the center of the CCD and the diameter is
λ is the wavelength of the beacon light 805nm, f is the focal length of the front lens of the CCD2, D is the aperture of the lens 10mm, and I isoIs of diameter of
The center is CCD center, I is removediA partial circular ring;
randomly generating a random perturbation vector delta u satisfying Bernoulli distributionk＝{δu1,δu2,…δu43}；
By means of pixel points on CCD2Equation (3) calculating the evaluation function
And
calculating δ J by equation (2)k；
Calculating u by equation (1)k+1；
Judging the value of k if k>500 then outputs the finally optimized voltage u*If k is<When u is 500, order uk＝uk+1Repeating the processes (2) to (7);
will optimize the voltage u*Storing in a computer hard disk;
setting the deformable mirror voltage to u*And the communication terminal recovers to work normally.
The specific implementation scheme of the static aberration correction device for the common optical path and the beacon light receiving optical path in the space optical communication miniaturized terminal is as follows:
the deformable mirror is a deformable piezoelectric deformable mirror with the model number of DMH40-P01 of Thorlab company, a silver film with a protective layer, the working wave band is 450nm-20 μm,
pupil, with large stroke, highest refresh rate of 4kHz, 43 actuators (40 actuators on the main mirror and 3 independent pitch/tilt actuator arms).
The SH-WFS selects a wavefront detector with the model of UI-2210M of the OKO company, the detection type is CCD detection, the detection wave band is 400-900 nm, the caliber is 4.5mm, the number of micro lenses is less than or equal to 700, the size is 150 mu M, and the focal length is 10 mm.
The test computer is a computer server, the CPU is i 74630K (6x3.4Ghz avec 12Mo LLC,2Mo L2total), the mainboard ASUS X79-DELUXE, the hard disk SAMSUNG SSD 840PRO 256GB, the graphics card is GAINWARD GEFORCE GT 7302 GB DDR3 SILENT FX, and the memory is GSKILL 16GB (4X4) QUAD CHANNEL F3-14900CL9Q-16 GBZL.
The beacon light source uses a laser diode of model ML620G40A tube with wavelength of 808nm, output optical power of 150mw, typical drive current of 180mA, maximum of 220mA, and size of
The detector uses an avalanche photodiode with the model of APD310, the detection waveband is 850-1650nm, the 3dB bandwidth is 5-1000MHz, and the responsivity is 0.9A/W under the wavelength of 1550 nm.
It should be noted that the detailed description is only for explaining and explaining the technical solution of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the claims is not limited thereby. It is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims and the description.
Claims (10)
1. The method for correcting the static aberration of the space optical communication miniaturized terminal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing an all-optical-path module, wherein the all-optical-path system comprises three optical paths:
a first optical path: the incident light sequentially passes through the telescope, the tracking and aiming system and the piezoelectric deformable mirror, the beacon light passing through the piezoelectric deformable mirror is contracted after passing through the first beam splitter, and the contracted light enters the summer-Hartmann wavefront detector;
and a second light path: the incident light sequentially passes through the telescope, the tracking and aiming system and the piezoelectric deformable mirror, the beacon light passing through the piezoelectric deformable mirror enters the second beam splitter after passing through the first beam splitter, and the beacon light output by the second beam splitter enters the CCD2 after being output by the focusing lens;
and (3) an optical path III: the incident light sequentially passes through the telescope, the tracking and aiming system and the piezoelectric deformable mirror, the beacon light passing through the piezoelectric deformable mirror enters the second beam splitter after passing through the first beam splitter, and the beacon light entering the second beam splitter enters the avalanche photodiode after sequentially passing through the third beam splitter, the focusing lens and the multimode fiber;
step two: according to the constructed full light path module, the control voltage of the light spot piezoelectric deformable mirror compensation surface type on the CCD2 is calculated;
step three: and controlling the deformable mirror to generate a specific surface type compensation aberration according to the control voltage, and recording the deformed mirror surface type as an initial surface type at the moment, namely completing aberration correction.
2. The method for correcting the static aberration of the space optical communication miniaturized terminal according to claim 1, wherein the second step comprises the following specific steps:
step two, firstly: opening the telescope, and receiving the opposite incident light by the telescope;
step two: applying an initial voltage u to the piezoelectric deformable mirror electrode0＝{0，0，...0}；
Step two and step three: calculating evaluation function J by using pixel points on CCD2k(uk) Wherein, in the step (A),
step two, four: randomly generating disturbance vector delta u satisfying Bernoulli distributionk；
Step two and step five: respectively applying positive one-half disturbance vector delta u to the electrodes of the piezoelectric deformable mirrorkAnd negative one-half disturbance vector delta ukThen, the received power P of the avalanche photodiodes is read, and an evaluation function is calculated by the formula J-P
And
step two, step six: according to
And
obtaining the change delta J of the evaluation functionk：
Step two, seven: according to the disturbance vector delta ukAnd the change δ J of the evaluation functionkTo obtain uk+1；
Step two eight: judging the value of k, if k is more than 500, outputting the finally optimized voltage u*If k is less than 500, let u bek＝uk+1Repeating the second step to the seventh step;
step two nine: setting the deformable mirror voltage to u*And completing aberration correction.
3. The method for correcting the static aberration of the space optical communication miniaturized terminal as claimed in claim 2, wherein the variation δ J of the evaluation functionkExpressed as:
4. the static aberration correction method for space optical communication miniaturized terminal according to claim 3, wherein said u isk +1Expressed as:
uk+1＝uk-γδJkδuk
where γ is a gain factor.
5. The spatial optical communication miniaturization terminal static aberration correction method as defined in claim 4, wherein said piezoelectric deformable mirror comprises 43 electrodes, including 40 electrodes on the main mirror and 3 independent pitch/tilt electrodes.
6. The static aberration correction method for space optical communication miniaturized terminal according to claim 5, characterized in that the working wavelength band of said piezoelectric deformable mirror is 450nm-20 μm.
7. The static aberration correction method for space optical communication miniaturization terminal according to claim 6, characterized in that the maximum refresh rate of said piezoelectric deformable mirror is 4 kHz.
8. The method for correcting the static aberration of the space optical communication miniaturized terminal according to claim 7, wherein the detection waveband of the shack-Hartmann wavefront detector is 400-900 nm, the caliber is 4.5mm, the number of the micro-lenses is less than or equal to 700, the size is 150 μm, and the focal length is 10 mm.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the detection band of the avalanche photodiode is 850-1650 nm.
10. The static aberration correction method for space optical communication miniaturized terminal according to claim 9, wherein said incident light is a laser diode.
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