CN114325270B - Switch cabinet partial discharge monitoring method and device - Google Patents
Switch cabinet partial discharge monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114325270B CN114325270B CN202111661991.4A CN202111661991A CN114325270B CN 114325270 B CN114325270 B CN 114325270B CN 202111661991 A CN202111661991 A CN 202111661991A CN 114325270 B CN114325270 B CN 114325270B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment detection and discloses a method and a device for monitoring partial discharge of a switch cabinet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment detection, in particular to a method and a device for monitoring partial discharge of a switch cabinet.
Background
High-voltage switchgear is the most widely used switchgear. Because of the problems of different degrees in design, manufacture, installation, operation and maintenance, the accident rate is high, and in the switch cabinet accidents with various properties, the voltage level of 10 kilovolts and more is generated due to the insulation accident, and the consequences are serious. In particular to a trolley type switch cabinet, which has higher insulation accident rate, and the phenomenon that one accident happens and the adjacent cabinet is damaged is more prominent.
Therefore, the state maintenance is urgently needed to be carried out on the switch cabinet, the running condition of the equipment is monitored on line in real time, the maintenance time and measures are determined according to the running state of the equipment and the degree of insulation degradation, the occurrence of power failure time and accidents is reduced, and the safety reliability and the degree of automation of the running of the power system are improved.
The insulation fault of the high-voltage switch cabinet is mainly represented by external insulation to ground flashover breakdown, internal insulation to ground flashover breakdown, interphase insulation flashover breakdown, lightning overvoltage flashover breakdown, porcelain insulator sleeve, capacitor sleeve flashover, pollution flashover, lightning strike, breakdown, explosion, CT flashover, breakdown, explosion, porcelain insulator breakage and the like.
Before various insulation defects develop to final breakdown and accident occurs, the insulation state can be reflected in time by partial discharge stage, so that the insulation state is judged by on-line monitoring of partial discharge, and the on-line monitoring and diagnosis of the insulation of the switch cabinet are effective means.
However, in the prior art, the partial discharge signal is extremely susceptible to electromagnetic interference from the external environment, thereby resulting in reduced accuracy of the partial discharge monitoring result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for monitoring partial discharge of a switch cabinet, which solve the technical problem of reducing the accuracy of a partial discharge monitoring result caused by the influence of electromagnetic interference of an external environment on a partial discharge signal.
In view of this, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring partial discharge of a switchgear, comprising the steps of:
collecting ultrasonic signals at a preset position in the switch cabinet;
dividing the ultrasonic signals according to preset frequency band scales to obtain ultrasonic signals corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands, and fitting the ultrasonic signals corresponding to each frequency band by using an oscillometric technique to obtain an ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band;
calculating the similarity coefficient of the ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band and a preset ultrasonic curve, judging whether the similarity coefficient is larger than a preset similarity coefficient threshold value, and if the similarity coefficient is not larger than the preset similarity coefficient threshold value, eliminating the ultrasonic curve corresponding to the corresponding frequency band, so as to obtain a series of preserved ultrasonic curves, wherein the preset ultrasonic curves are ultrasonic curves after interference signals are eliminated in advance;
reconstructing the preserved series of ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence to obtain a new ultrasonic curve;
and calculating corresponding ultrasonic energy according to the phase characteristics of the new ultrasonic curve, and comparing the ultrasonic energy with a preset ultrasonic energy threshold value so as to judge whether partial discharge occurs at a preset position in the switch cabinet.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
and filtering and amplifying the ultrasonic signals.
Preferably, the step of reconstructing the remaining series of ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence to obtain a new ultrasonic curve specifically includes:
and arranging the preserved series of ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence, judging whether the frequency band between two adjacent frequency bands is removed, if so, connecting the two end points with the closest distance to the corresponding two ultrasonic curves through a straight line, and if not, directly connecting the corresponding two ultrasonic curves, thereby reconstructing and obtaining a new ultrasonic curve.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
collecting a temperature value and a humidity value in the switch cabinet;
and if the temperature value exceeds the preset temperature threshold, controlling a fan to ventilate and cool the switch cabinet, and if the humidity value exceeds the preset humidity threshold, controlling a dehumidifier to dehumidify the switch cabinet.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
if the partial discharge occurs at the preset position in the switch cabinet, generating an early warning signal, and reporting the early warning signal to the master station.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a device for monitoring partial discharge of a switchgear, including:
the ultrasonic wave acquisition module is used for acquiring ultrasonic wave signals at a preset position in the switch cabinet;
the frequency division module is used for dividing the ultrasonic signals according to preset frequency band scales so as to obtain ultrasonic signals corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands, and fitting the ultrasonic signals corresponding to each frequency band by utilizing an oscillometric technique so as to obtain an ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band;
the computing module is used for computing the similarity coefficient of the ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band and a preset ultrasonic curve, judging whether the similarity coefficient is larger than a preset similarity coefficient threshold value, if the similarity coefficient is not larger than the preset similarity coefficient threshold value, eliminating the ultrasonic curve corresponding to the corresponding frequency band, and accordingly obtaining a series of preserved ultrasonic curves, wherein the preset ultrasonic curves are ultrasonic curves from which interference signals are eliminated in advance;
the curve reconstruction module is used for reconstructing a series of preserved ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence to obtain a new ultrasonic curve;
and the partial discharge judging module is used for calculating corresponding ultrasonic energy according to the phase characteristics of the new ultrasonic curve, and comparing the ultrasonic energy with a preset ultrasonic energy threshold value so as to judge whether partial discharge occurs at a preset position in the switch cabinet.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises:
and the preprocessing module is used for filtering and amplifying the ultrasonic signals.
Preferably, the curve reconstruction module is specifically configured to arrange the remaining series of ultrasonic curves according to a frequency band sequence, determine whether a frequency band between two adjacent frequency bands is removed, if so, connect two end points closest to the corresponding two ultrasonic curves through a straight line, and if not, directly connect the corresponding two ultrasonic curves, thereby reconstructing to obtain a new ultrasonic curve.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises:
the environment acquisition module is used for acquiring a temperature value and a humidity value in the switch cabinet;
and the environment processing module is used for controlling the fan to ventilate and cool the switch cabinet if the temperature value exceeds a preset temperature threshold value, and controlling the dehumidifier to dehumidify the switch cabinet if the humidity value exceeds the preset humidity threshold value.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises:
and the reporting module is used for generating an early warning signal and reporting the early warning signal to the master station if the partial discharge occurs at the preset position in the switch cabinet.
From the above technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the acquired ultrasonic signals are subjected to frequency band division, so that ultrasonic signals corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands are obtained, ultrasonic curves corresponding to the frequency bands are obtained through fitting, the similarity coefficient of the ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band and the preset ultrasonic curve is calculated, the ultrasonic curve of the frequency band overlapped with the interference signals is removed by utilizing the comparison result of the similarity coefficient and the preset similarity coefficient threshold value, meanwhile, a series of preserved ultrasonic curves are reconstructed to obtain new ultrasonic curves, and corresponding ultrasonic energy is calculated, so that whether partial discharge occurs at the preset position in the switch cabinet is judged according to the ultrasonic energy, and the influence of electromagnetic interference of the external environment on the partial discharge signal is reduced, and the accuracy of the partial discharge monitoring result is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring partial discharge of a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a partial discharge monitoring device for a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
For easy understanding, please refer to fig. 1, the method for monitoring partial discharge of a switch cabinet provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting ultrasonic signals at preset positions in the switch cabinet.
It will be appreciated that ultrasonic sensors, such as individual cable outlets, may be provided at a number of predetermined locations within the switchgear, with ultrasonic signals at the predetermined locations being acquired by the ultrasonic sensors.
S2, dividing the ultrasonic signals according to preset frequency band scales, so as to obtain ultrasonic signals corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands, and fitting the ultrasonic signals corresponding to each frequency band by utilizing an oscillometric technique, so as to obtain an ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band.
In one example, the center frequency of the ultrasonic signal is used as a center point, and the ultrasonic signal is divided into a plurality of frequency bands according to a preset frequency band scale. Meanwhile, an ultrasonic curve corresponding to the ultrasonic signals corresponding to each frequency band can be displayed through the oscilloscope.
S3, calculating similarity coefficients of the ultrasonic curves corresponding to each frequency band and preset ultrasonic curves, judging whether the similarity coefficients are larger than a preset similarity coefficient threshold value, and if the similarity coefficients are not larger than the preset similarity coefficient threshold value, eliminating the ultrasonic curves corresponding to the corresponding frequency bands, so that a series of preserved ultrasonic curves are obtained, wherein the preset ultrasonic curves are ultrasonic curves after interference signals are eliminated in advance.
It can be understood that, if an interference signal is generated by the environment, the interference signal will be irregularly superimposed on the ultrasonic signal, so as to affect the judgment of the partial discharge of the ultrasonic signal, in this embodiment, the preset ultrasonic curve is an ultrasonic curve after the interference signal is removed, that is, an ultrasonic curve without the interference signal superimposed thereon, the preset ultrasonic curve is used as a reference curve for comparison, the similarity coefficient of the ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band and the preset ultrasonic curve is calculated, the similarity coefficient threshold is set through expert experience, if the similarity coefficient is not greater than the preset similarity coefficient threshold, it is indicated that the ultrasonic curve is likely to be superimposed with the interference signal, so that the similarity coefficient is lower, it is required to be removed, and if the similarity coefficient is greater than the preset similarity coefficient threshold, it is indicated that the ultrasonic curve is less likely to be subjected to the interference signal, so that it can be reserved, and a series of reserved ultrasonic curves is obtained.
S4, reconstructing the series of preserved ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence to obtain a new ultrasonic curve.
It can be understood that the interference signals of the remaining series of ultrasonic curves are smaller, so that the remaining series of ultrasonic curves are reconstructed, and purer ultrasonic curves can be obtained, so that the accuracy of the follow-up detection of partial discharge is improved.
S5, calculating corresponding ultrasonic energy according to the phase characteristics of the new ultrasonic curve, and comparing the ultrasonic energy with a preset ultrasonic energy threshold value so as to judge whether partial discharge occurs at a preset position in the switch cabinet.
Wherein, the formula for calculating the ultrasonic energy is:
S＝(p×w 2 ×u×n 2 )/2
where S represents ultrasonic energy, p represents air medium density, w represents average frequency of full band, u represents wave velocity, and n represents amplitude of full band.
The embodiment provides a method for monitoring partial discharge of a switch cabinet, which comprises the steps of dividing acquired ultrasonic signals into frequency bands, obtaining ultrasonic signals corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands, obtaining ultrasonic curves corresponding to the frequency bands through fitting, calculating similarity coefficients of the ultrasonic curves corresponding to each frequency band and preset ultrasonic curves, eliminating the ultrasonic curves of the frequency bands overlapped with interference signals by using comparison results of the similarity coefficients and preset similarity coefficient threshold values, reconstructing a series of preserved ultrasonic curves to obtain new ultrasonic curves, and calculating corresponding ultrasonic energy, so that whether partial discharge occurs at preset positions in the switch cabinet or not is judged according to the ultrasonic energy, the influence of electromagnetic interference of external environments on partial discharge signals is reduced, and the accuracy of the partial discharge monitoring results is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises:
s10, filtering and amplifying the ultrasonic signals.
In a specific embodiment, step S4 specifically includes:
and arranging the preserved series of ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence, judging whether the frequency band between two adjacent frequency bands is removed, if so, connecting the two end points with the closest distance to the corresponding two ultrasonic curves through a straight line, and if not, directly connecting the corresponding two ultrasonic curves, thereby reconstructing and obtaining a new ultrasonic curve.
It can be understood that if the frequency band between two adjacent frequency bands is removed, the frequency band is empty, and filling is needed, but in this embodiment, two end points with the closest distance between two ultrasonic curves are connected through a straight line, so that the removed frequency band is filled, and since the change of the phase and the amplitude of the ultrasonic curves is not affected by the straight line connection, the judgment of the subsequent partial discharge is not affected.
In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises:
s50, collecting a temperature value and a humidity value in the switch cabinet;
and S60, controlling the fan to ventilate and cool the switch cabinet if the temperature value exceeds a preset temperature threshold value, and controlling the dehumidifier to dehumidify the switch cabinet if the humidity value exceeds a preset humidity threshold value.
It can be understood that the internal environment of the switch cabinet, especially the temperature and the humidity, can influence the partial discharge, especially when the temperature and the humidity are high, the possibility of the partial discharge is easy to increase, and the temperature and the humidity in the switch cabinet are controlled by monitoring the temperature value and the humidity value in the switch cabinet, so that the probability of the partial discharge is reduced, and the stability of the electric power operation is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises:
and S6, if the fact that partial discharge occurs at the preset position in the switch cabinet is judged, generating an early warning signal, and reporting the early warning signal to the master station.
It can be understood that the timeliness of fault detection and operation and maintenance can be improved by reporting the early warning signal to the master station.
The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of a method for monitoring partial discharge of a switchgear provided by the present invention, and the following is a detailed description of an embodiment of a device for monitoring partial discharge of a switchgear provided by the present invention.
For easy understanding, please refer to fig. 2, the present invention provides a switchgear partial discharge monitoring device, comprising:
the ultrasonic wave acquisition module 100 is used for acquiring ultrasonic wave signals at a preset position in the switch cabinet;
the frequency division module 200 is configured to divide the ultrasonic signals according to a preset frequency band scale, so as to obtain ultrasonic signals corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands, and fit the ultrasonic signals corresponding to each frequency band by using an oscillometric technique, so as to obtain an ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band;
the calculating module 300 is configured to calculate a similarity coefficient between an ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band and a preset ultrasonic curve, determine whether the similarity coefficient is greater than a preset similarity coefficient threshold, and if the similarity coefficient is not greater than the preset similarity coefficient threshold, reject the ultrasonic curve corresponding to the corresponding frequency band, thereby obtaining a series of remaining ultrasonic curves, where the preset ultrasonic curve is an ultrasonic curve from which an interference signal is removed in advance;
the curve reconstruction module 400 is configured to reconstruct a series of remaining ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence, so as to obtain a new ultrasonic curve;
the partial discharge judging module 500 is configured to calculate corresponding ultrasonic energy according to the phase characteristics of the new ultrasonic curve, and compare the ultrasonic energy with a preset ultrasonic energy threshold value, so as to judge whether partial discharge occurs at a predetermined position in the switch cabinet.
In a specific embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
the preprocessing module is used for filtering and amplifying the ultrasonic signals.
In a specific embodiment, the curve reconstruction module is specifically configured to arrange the remaining series of ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence, determine whether the frequency band between two adjacent frequency bands is removed, if so, connect two end points closest to the corresponding two ultrasonic curves through a straight line, and if not, directly connect the corresponding two ultrasonic curves, thereby reconstructing to obtain a new ultrasonic curve.
In a specific embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
the environment acquisition module is used for acquiring a temperature value and a humidity value in the switch cabinet;
and the environment processing module is used for controlling the fan to ventilate and cool the switch cabinet if the temperature value exceeds a preset temperature threshold value, and controlling the dehumidifier to dehumidify the switch cabinet if the humidity value exceeds a preset humidity threshold value.
In a specific embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
and the reporting module is used for generating an early warning signal and reporting the early warning signal to the master station if the partial discharge occurs at the preset position in the switch cabinet.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of elements is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions of actual implementation, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for monitoring the partial discharge of the switch cabinet is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting ultrasonic signals at a preset position in the switch cabinet;
dividing the ultrasonic signals according to preset frequency band scales to obtain ultrasonic signals corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands, and fitting the ultrasonic signals corresponding to each frequency band by using an oscillometric technique to obtain an ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band;
calculating the similarity coefficient of the ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band and a preset ultrasonic curve, judging whether the similarity coefficient is larger than a preset similarity coefficient threshold value, and if the similarity coefficient is not larger than the preset similarity coefficient threshold value, eliminating the ultrasonic curve corresponding to the corresponding frequency band, so as to obtain a series of preserved ultrasonic curves, wherein the preset ultrasonic curves are ultrasonic curves after interference signals are eliminated in advance;
reconstructing the preserved series of ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence to obtain a new ultrasonic curve;
and calculating corresponding ultrasonic energy according to the phase characteristics of the new ultrasonic curve, and comparing the ultrasonic energy with a preset ultrasonic energy threshold value so as to judge whether partial discharge occurs at a preset position in the switch cabinet.
2. The switchgear partial discharge monitoring method of claim 1, further comprising:
and filtering and amplifying the ultrasonic signals.
3. The method for monitoring partial discharge of a switchgear cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the step of reconstructing the remaining series of ultrasonic curves in a frequency band sequence to obtain a new ultrasonic curve comprises:
and arranging the preserved series of ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence, judging whether the frequency band between two adjacent frequency bands is removed, if so, connecting the two end points with the closest distance to the corresponding two ultrasonic curves through a straight line, and if not, directly connecting the corresponding two ultrasonic curves, thereby reconstructing and obtaining a new ultrasonic curve.
4. The switchgear partial discharge monitoring method of claim 1, further comprising:
collecting a temperature value and a humidity value in the switch cabinet;
and if the temperature value exceeds the preset temperature threshold, controlling a fan to ventilate and cool the switch cabinet, and if the humidity value exceeds the preset humidity threshold, controlling a dehumidifier to dehumidify the switch cabinet.
5. The switchgear partial discharge monitoring method of claim 1, further comprising:
if the partial discharge occurs at the preset position in the switch cabinet, generating an early warning signal, and reporting the early warning signal to the master station.
6. A switchgear partial discharge monitoring device, comprising:
the ultrasonic wave acquisition module is used for acquiring ultrasonic wave signals at a preset position in the switch cabinet;
the frequency division module is used for dividing the ultrasonic signals according to preset frequency band scales so as to obtain ultrasonic signals corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands, and fitting the ultrasonic signals corresponding to each frequency band by utilizing an oscillometric technique so as to obtain an ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band;
the computing module is used for computing the similarity coefficient of the ultrasonic curve corresponding to each frequency band and a preset ultrasonic curve, judging whether the similarity coefficient is larger than a preset similarity coefficient threshold value, if the similarity coefficient is not larger than the preset similarity coefficient threshold value, eliminating the ultrasonic curve corresponding to the corresponding frequency band, and accordingly obtaining a series of preserved ultrasonic curves, wherein the preset ultrasonic curves are ultrasonic curves from which interference signals are eliminated in advance;
the curve reconstruction module is used for reconstructing a series of preserved ultrasonic curves according to the frequency band sequence to obtain a new ultrasonic curve;
and the partial discharge judging module is used for calculating corresponding ultrasonic energy according to the phase characteristics of the new ultrasonic curve, and comparing the ultrasonic energy with a preset ultrasonic energy threshold value so as to judge whether partial discharge occurs at a preset position in the switch cabinet.
7. The switchgear partial discharge monitoring device of claim 6 further comprising:
and the preprocessing module is used for filtering and amplifying the ultrasonic signals.
8. The device for monitoring partial discharge of a switchgear cabinet according to claim 6, wherein the curve reconstruction module is specifically configured to arrange a series of remaining ultrasonic curves according to a frequency band sequence, determine whether a frequency band between two adjacent frequency bands is eliminated, connect two end points closest to the corresponding two ultrasonic curves through a straight line if it is determined that the frequency band is eliminated, and directly connect the corresponding two ultrasonic curves if it is determined that the frequency band is not eliminated, thereby reconstructing a new ultrasonic curve.
9. The switchgear partial discharge monitoring device of claim 6 further comprising:
the environment acquisition module is used for acquiring a temperature value and a humidity value in the switch cabinet;
and the environment processing module is used for controlling the fan to ventilate and cool the switch cabinet if the temperature value exceeds a preset temperature threshold value, and controlling the dehumidifier to dehumidify the switch cabinet if the humidity value exceeds the preset humidity threshold value.
10. The switchgear partial discharge monitoring device of claim 6 further comprising:
and the reporting module is used for generating an early warning signal and reporting the early warning signal to the master station if the partial discharge occurs at the preset position in the switch cabinet.
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