CN114323913A - Tread rubber friction and wear testing device and method for simulating service working condition of tank loading wheel - Google Patents
Tread rubber friction and wear testing device and method for simulating service working condition of tank loading wheel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of tread rubber and pavement friction detection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing tread rubber friction and wear by simulating service conditions of a tank loading wheel; the device comprises a rack, wherein a loading device is fixed at the top of the rack, the bottom of the loading device is connected with a rolling device, the bottom end of the rack is provided with a dual-surface sample device which is in contact with the rolling device, the dual-surface sample device is also connected with a driving device which enables the dual-surface sample device to do reciprocating motion, and a temperature control device, a temperature measuring device and a data processing device are arranged on the dual-surface sample device in a matching way; this testing arrangement has built tank heavy burden wheel type tire tread rubber friction wear test platform, not only can simulate tank tread rubber and track to operating mode such as friction, but also can realize the simulation test under the different temperature domain conditions, and can show the temperature rise on friction surface on line, this testing arrangement effectively combines with computer collection signal system simultaneously, the test accuracy is high, the real-time is good, can provide the foundation for tank heavy burden wheel and ordinary wheel tread rubber friction wear performance test and relevant research under complicated operating mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tread rubber and pavement friction detection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing tread rubber friction and wear by simulating service conditions of a tank loading wheel.
Background
The friction and wear of the tread rubber of the tank load-bearing tire directly influence the fighting capability, and meanwhile, the tread rubber is used as the area of the tire in direct contact with the road surface, so that the performance of the tread rubber directly influences the driving safety. Nowadays, the rapid development of the traffic industry drives the improvement of the performance of tire tread rubber, but the friction wear, temperature rise damage, fatigue failure and other behaviors of tank heavy-duty wheels and common vehicle tread rubber under complex friction working conditions of complex friction pair, temperature change, high speed, heavy load and the like still inhibit the long-life and high-efficiency use of the tank heavy-duty wheels and common vehicle tread rubber, so that a large amount of effective experimental test data are required to be provided for theoretical analysis and the optimization of the tread rubber material, in particular to the friction wear test of the special tank heavy-duty tire tread rubber applied to military, a friction wear test device and a method close to the actual working conditions are urgently required to be constructed aiming at the friction wear working conditions of the special tread rubber and a track rubber gasket of the tank heavy-duty wheels and the track rubber gasket, and complicated working condition simulation test conditions of temperature change, load change, variable speed and the like are provided, the friction wear behavior of the tank tire tread rubber is evaluated in an efficient, accurate and real-time manner, and necessary means and technical means are provided for the long-life operation design of the tank heavy-duty wheels and the common vehicle tread rubber to adapt to the complicated friction wear working conditions And (5) supporting the operation.
At present, patent application No. CN202120054600.1 discloses a method for measuring the friction coefficient of a tire in dry and wet conditions of an asphalt pavement, which is characterized in that an automatic control valve is arranged to control the water outlet condition, the rain environment can be simulated, and finally the weight G of a counterweight system is recorded1And G2Then passes through the formula mu = (G)2-G1）/FNAnd (5) obtaining the friction coefficient. The device has single test content, can not realize friction research under complex working conditions, and simultaneously, the measured data needs formula derivation and is not accurate and qualitative enough. The patent with the application number of CN201410325066.8 discloses a road surface accelerated loading abrasion device, which is characterized in that the device can be used for simulating and researching abrasion between a tire and a road surface, but the patent simulates that the tire rolls on a test road surface, the abrasion is accelerated by a method of continuously spraying carborundum on a friction surface, and the method has large difference with actual working conditions and cannot accurately simulate the frictional abrasion performance of a test tread rubber under various complex working conditions. At present, no friction and wear testing device and method capable of well simulating actual working conditions exist for special friction and wear forms of tank load-bearing tire tread rubber and common vehicle tire tread rubber, and great challenges are provided for efficiently, accurately and real-time testing and researching friction and wear behaviors of the tread rubber under complex working conditions of variable temperature, variable load, variable speed, variable friction pair and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a tread rubber frictional wear testing device and method for simulating the service working condition of a tank loading wheel, and provides a basis for test evaluation, research and optimization design of tread rubber. The simulation experiment device provided by the invention can realize the special friction working condition of the tank and the tread rubber friction and wear working conditions under multiple conditions and multiple working conditions, and meanwhile, the test device is effectively combined with a computer acquisition signal system, so that the test accuracy is high, the real-time performance is good, the problem of calculation errors is avoided, and the energy consumption is smaller.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a tread rubber friction and wear testing device for simulating service conditions of a tank loading wheel comprises a rack, wherein a loading device is fixed at the top of the rack, the bottom of the loading device is connected with a rolling device, a dual-surface sample device which is in contact with the rolling device is arranged at the bottom end of the rack, the dual-surface sample device is also connected with a driving device which enables the dual-surface sample device to do reciprocating motion, and the dual-surface sample device is also provided with a temperature control device, a temperature measuring device and a data processing device;
the temperature control device and the temperature measuring device cooperate to realize the friction and wear evolution process of multi-method and multi-condition tank load-bearing tread rubber and common load-bearing tread rubber; through a data processing device, the friction coefficient mu in the friction and wear process is accurately measured and recorded, and in addition, by combining a temperature measuring device, the time-temperature data T can be simultaneously measured, and finally, accurate test data of the two performances are provided and the friction and wear conditions and performances of the tread rubber of the tank bogie wheel under different complex working conditions are comprehensively analyzed by cooperating with various characterization means.
Furthermore, the loading device comprises a longitudinal screw rod arranged on the rack, the top of the longitudinal screw rod is connected with a motor I fixed at the top end of the rack, the outer side wall of the longitudinal screw rod is rotatably and fittingly connected with a supporting table, the bottom of the supporting table is detachably connected with a damping aluminum block, and a screw rod structure capable of adjusting left and right movement is arranged on the supporting table;
the rolling device comprises a roller, tread rubber to be tested is adhered to the surface of the roller, the roller is sleeved on a pin structure, a groove is formed in the lower surface of a damping aluminum block, the upper end of the pin is inserted into the groove, and a screw is arranged on the side of the damping aluminum block and used for fixing the pin in the groove;
the dual-surface sample device is arranged below the roller and comprises a moving chassis, a circular ring clamp and a rubbing sample, wherein a screw hole is formed in the moving chassis, and the rubbing sample is arranged between the circular ring clamp and the moving chassis and is fixed through a screw;
the driving device comprises a motor II, a rotary bearing and a motor II data line, wherein the motor II, the rotary bearing and the motor II data line are arranged at the bottom end of the rack; the lower surface of the motion chassis is provided with a bulge, two ends of the rotating bearing are circular, a circular ring at one end of the rotating bearing is tightly buckled with the bulge on the lower surface of the motion chassis, a circular ring at the other end of the rotating bearing is connected with an electric rotating shaft in the motor II, and a data line of the motor II is connected with a power supply for supplying power, so that the motor rotates to drive the motion chassis to move back and forth;
the temperature control device comprises a heating furnace and a heat insulation layer, wherein the upper surface of the heating furnace is provided with a screw groove for fixing the ring clamp and the rubbing sample, the lower surface of the heating furnace is connected with the heat insulation layer through screws, and the heat insulation layer is fixed with the moving chassis; the heating furnace is connected with a heating data line;
the temperature measuring device comprises an infrared ray emitting head and an infrared analysis processing display device;
the data processing device comprises an inductor arranged in an interlayer between the bottom of the longitudinal screw and the pin, and the inductor is connected with an inductor data line.
Furthermore, the length of the longitudinal screw rod is 100mm, the motor I is connected with a computer through a data line of the motor I, and numerical control operation is realized through computer software; the damping aluminum block is formed by embedding an upper block and a lower block of metal aluminum, and two springs correspondingly bearing different load ranges are arranged in the embedding to serve as damping devices in the loading process.
Furthermore, the outer diameter of the roller is 8mm, the roller is made of metal materials, the width of the roller is 6mm, the thickness of tread rubber to be measured on the surface of the roller is 2mm, the length of the pin is 14mm, the diameter of the pin is 4mm, and the structural design of the tank wheel is simulated below the pin; the groove depth of the lower surface of the shock absorption aluminum block is 14mm, and the diameter of the groove is 4 mm.
Furthermore, the opposite-friction sample is a friction surface material under any running working condition of a loading wheel such as asphalt, cement, marble or metal, and the thickness of the opposite-friction sample is not more than 4 mm; the circular ring clamp is cylindrical, the outer diameter is 150mm, the inner diameter is 100mm, and the height is 2 mm; four screw holes with the diameter of 5mm are formed in the surface of the moving base plate and used for fixing the circular ring clamp.
Further, the rotary bearing is 150mm long; the heating furnace is designed according to the size of the circular ring clamp, is made of 10# steel, is 50mm high and 150mm in diameter, and is provided with four screw grooves on the upper surface; the heat insulating layer is a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin heat insulating layer, and has a length of 200mm, a width of 200mm and a layer thickness of 30 mm.
A tread rubber friction and wear test method for simulating service conditions of tank loading wheels comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, turning on control power supplies of a motor I and a motor II to keep the motors in a standby state;
2) opening a data device connected with the testing device, and setting a test load, a condition speed, an operation time and a reciprocating distance, wherein the load is set to be 0-200N, the speed is marked as an angular speed which is 150-2200r/min, the operation time is freely set, and the reciprocating sliding length is 0.5-25 mm;
3) according to the design of the testing device, the damping springs with different ranges are required to be selected for the setting of the loading force in the step 2), wherein the spring ranges are 0-40N, 40-80N, 80-120N, 120-160N and 160-200N; selecting a corresponding damping spring according to different loads, installing the damping spring in a damping aluminum block 12, fixedly embedding the damping spring in the damping aluminum block together through a screw to form the damping aluminum block, and connecting the installed damping aluminum block 12 with a supporting platform through the screw;
4) according to the setting of a testing device, firstly, a tread rubber to be tested is made into a sample with the thickness of 2mm, then the tread rubber sample to be tested is cut according to the width and the perimeter requirement of a roller, a Kelmoke adhesive is used for enabling the cut tread rubber sample to be tested to be loaded on the surface of the roller, and the manufactured roller device is connected with a groove on the lower surface of a damping aluminum block through a pin at the uppermost end of the roller device and is fixed through a screw;
5) according to the setting of a testing device, firstly, according to different condition requirements, a dual-surface friction material is made into a sample with the thickness of 2mm, then the sample is cut into a double-friction sample according to the size requirements of a moving chassis and a circular ring clamp, and finally the double-friction sample is fixed on the moving chassis through the clamp;
6) according to the setting of the testing device, the infrared ray emitting head and the infrared analysis processing display device are adjusted to be placed according to the position requirement of the test bed, so that the infrared rays can be emitted to the friction surface, and then a power supply button of the temperature tester is turned on;
7) and the height of the loading device of the manual adjustment longitudinal screw rod is manually adjusted at the position exposed out of the top of the motor I, and the distance between the bottom end of the roller device and the rubbing sample is adjusted to be 5 mm.
8) And after the step 1-7 is finished, returning to the software control page, clicking to start the test, simultaneously opening a start button of the infrared analysis processing display device 18, and storing the friction coefficient test data and the temperature test data after the test is finished.
Further, step 5), according to the control requirement of the temperature of the rubbing sample in the test, the rubbing sample is fixed on the upper surface of the heating furnace through a circular ring clamp, and the heat insulation layer is fixed on the moving chassis through screws.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can effectively solve the problems that the existing tire friction experiment test method is single, has large difference with the actual working condition of a loading wheel, can not meet the test requirements of the tread rubber friction wear test under complex working conditions, and the like. Through more accurate simulation design, the design and the construction of the tank tire tread rubber friction wear simulation test platform are realized. This testing arrangement not only can simulate tank tread rubber and track to operating mode such as friction, but also can realize the simulation test under the different temperature domain conditions, can show the temperature rise on friction surface on line, and this testing arrangement effectively combines with computer collection signal system simultaneously, and the test accuracy is high, and the real-time is good, can realize the friction wear behavior test research of tank bogie wheel under complicated operating mode. In addition, the testing device can also be applied to the field of common tire tread rubber for testing the friction and wear behaviors of common vehicle tread rubber and various road surfaces and under complex working conditions.
The invention simulates and tests the change rule of the friction coefficient of the tread rubber of the load-bearing tire under the service working condition, has obvious difference between the change characteristic and the sliding friction mode, and can reflect the friction change trend under various complex working conditions, thereby providing more accurate and more comprehensive research basis for the friction and wear performance test and the design and manufacture of the tread rubber of high performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the inventive test device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a temperature control device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature measuring device.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the roller device.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the testing method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 variation of tread rubber coefficient of friction of rubber as a sample against friction at different temperatures.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the change in the tread rubber coefficient of friction for sandpaper as a wear sample at different temperatures.
FIG. 9 variation of tread rubber coefficient of friction of steel as a friction-on-friction sample at different temperatures.
FIG. 10 variation of tread rubber coefficient of friction for a sample of normal temperature different materials.
FIG. 11 shows the change in coefficient of sliding friction of rubber as a control sample at normal temperature.
FIG. 12 is a graph (a) showing the change with time of the coefficient of friction measured with Natural Rubber (NR) as a friction block and a graph (b) showing the change with time of the coefficient of friction measured with Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) as a friction block under a variable load condition.
The figures are labeled as follows:
1-motor I, 2-motor I data line, 3-longitudinal screw, 4-screw structure capable of adjusting left and right movement, 5-motion chassis, 6-circular ring clamp, 7-roller, 8-rubbing sample, 9-motor II, 10-rotating bearing, 11-motor II data line, 12-vibration-damping aluminum block, 13-inductor, 14-inductor data line, 15-heating furnace, 16-thermal insulation layer, 17-infrared ray emission head, 18-infrared analysis processing display device, 19-heating data line and 20-rack.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, a tread rubber friction wear testing device for simulating service conditions of a tank loading wheel comprises a rack 20, wherein a loading device is fixed at the top of the rack 20, the bottom of the loading device is connected with a rolling device, a dual-surface sample device which is in contact with the rolling device is arranged at the bottom end of the rack 20, the dual-surface sample device is also connected with a driving device which enables the dual-surface sample device to do reciprocating motion, and the dual-surface sample device is also provided with a temperature control device, a temperature measuring device and a data processing device;
the loading device comprises a longitudinal screw rod 3 which is 100mm long and is arranged on a rack 20, the top of the longitudinal screw rod 3 is connected with a motor I1 which is fixed at the top end of the rack 20, the outer side wall of the longitudinal screw rod 3 is connected with a supporting platform in a rotating and matching mode, and a gear in the motor I1 is matched with the longitudinal screw rod 3 and controls the supporting platform to lift through positive and negative rotation. The bottom of the supporting platform is detachably connected with a damping aluminum block 12, and a screw rod structure 4 capable of adjusting left and right movement is arranged on the supporting platform; the screw structure 4 capable of adjusting left and right movement is an existing conventional structure capable of realizing left and right translation, one end, extending into the tray table, of the screw capable of adjusting left and right movement is rotatably provided with a sleeve with internal threads, the other end of the sleeve is sleeved on a support shaft fixed at the other end inside the tray table, the outer side wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a movable part of the tray table, and the movable part of the tray table is controlled to move left and right by rotating the screw capable of adjusting left and right movement, so that left and right friction position adjustment is realized; the motor I1 is connected with a power supply through an electric wire, the motor I1 is connected with a computer through a data wire, numerical control operation is achieved through computer software, the motor rotates to drive an internal gear to rotate, then the gear rotates to drive the supporting table to lift, and finally force loading is achieved; and finally, the movement of the roller is realized by the up-down and left-right movement of the supporting platform.
The bottom of the longitudinal screw rod 3 of the loading device is provided with a damping aluminum block 12 connected with the roller device, the damping aluminum block 12 is formed by embedding an upper block and a lower block of metal aluminum, and two springs correspondingly bearing different load ranges are arranged in the embedding to serve as damping devices in the loading process. Each spring is 20mm long and 10mm in diameter. The lower surface of the aluminum block is provided with a groove with the depth of 14mm and the diameter of 4mm, the groove is just a butt joint port of the pin of the fixed roller 7, and the side of the groove is provided with a screw for fixing the pin in the groove so as to fix the roller.
The rolling device comprises a roller 7, tread rubber to be tested is adhered to the surface of the roller 7, the roller 7 is sleeved on a pin structure, the upper end of the pin is inserted into a groove, the roller device is designed to be 4mm rubber thickness: 8mm roller 7 thickness according to the actual industrial tire proportion requirement range, the roller is made by metal materials in a customized mode according to the industrial loading wheel tire to wheel hub ratio of 1: 2-1: 2.5 request that the specified manufacturer use metal customization.
According to the fixed requirement of the connector (groove) at the bottom end of the loading device connected with the roller, the pin size (length 14mm and diameter 4 mm) completely fitting the connector is designed, the structural design of the tank wheel is ingeniously simulated below the pin according to the design thought requirement, and the diameter of the roller 7 is set to be 8mm and the width of the wheel is 6 mm. According to the requirements of a test tread rubber material (various tread rubbers of different types are selectively designed according to the requirements of tread rubbers of tanks and different vehicles), the test tread rubber material is obtained through mold vulcanization, then the tread rubber to be tested is cut according to the perimeter and the width of a wheel, and the tread rubber to be tested is loaded on the surface of a roller by using a Kelmoke adhesive, so that the roller device required by the experiment is finally obtained.
The dual-surface sample device is arranged below the roller 7, a pair of friction pairs is formed with the roller 7 in an experiment and comprises a moving chassis 5, a circular ring clamp 6 and a pair of friction samples 8, a screw hole is formed in the moving chassis 5, and the pair of friction samples 8 are arranged between the circular ring clamp 6 and the moving chassis 5 and are fixed through screws; one of the characteristics of the invention is that the material of the friction sample 8 can be changed according to the requirements of test conditions so as to meet the requirements of a plurality of conditions and complex working conditions. The design thickness of the friction sample 8 is not more than 4mm, the outer diameter of the ring clamp is 150mm, the inner diameter is 100mm, the height is 2mm, and four screw holes with the diameter of 5mm are arranged on the surface of the motion chassis 5 and used for fixing the ring clamp 6. The prepared rubbing sample 8 is placed below the clamp, and the ring clamp 6 penetrates through the ring through four screws to fix the clamp and the sample on the upper surface of the moving chassis 5 of the sample device.
The driving device comprises a motor II 9, a rotary bearing 10 and a motor II data line 11 which are arranged at the bottom end of the rack 20; the lower surface of motion chassis 5 is equipped with the arch, and swivel bearing 10 both ends are the ring form, and swivel bearing 10 one end ring is buckled closely and can be rotated (can 360 rotatory) with the 5 lower surface archs on motion chassis, and the other end ring is connected with the inside electric rotating shaft of II 9 motors, is connected the power supply by II data line 11 motors, realizes that the motor rotates 5 reciprocating motion on drive motion chassis, finally realizes motion chassis 5 and the common reciprocating motion to the sample 8 that rubs.
The temperature control device comprises a heating furnace 15 and a heat insulation layer 16, wherein the upper surface of the heating furnace 15 is provided with a screw groove for fixing the disc clamp 6 and the rubbing sample 8, the lower surface of the heating furnace is connected with the heat insulation layer 16 through screws, and the heat insulation layer 16 is used for fixing the moving chassis 5; the heating furnace 15 is connected with a heating data line 19; the heating furnace 15 is designed according to the size of the disc clamp 6, the heating furnace 15 is made of 10# steel, the height of the heating furnace is 50mm, the diameter of the heating furnace is 150mm, four screw grooves are formed in the upper surface of the heating furnace and used for fixing the disc clamp 6 and a friction sample 8, the lower surface of the heating furnace is installed on a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin heat insulation layer which is researched and developed by the heating furnace through screws, the heating furnace is 200mm long, 200mm wide and 30mm thick, and the heating furnace is reinforced on the moving chassis 5. A thermocouple with certain rated power (the temperature can reach 0-350 ℃) is arranged inside the heating furnace, and the thermocouple is welded on the upper surface inside the heating furnace in a micro mode. The thermocouple generates heat and transfers the heat to the rubbing sample 8 through upper surface heat conduction, so that the temperature required by experimental conditions is reached. The thermocouple temperature can be set by customizing the temperature control box. The device drives a dual sample device chassis through a driving device, the chassis is connected with a heating furnace, the heating furnace is attached with a dual-friction sample 8, and finally the dual-friction sample 8 reciprocates.
The temperature measuring device comprises an infrared ray emitting head 17 and an infrared analysis processing display device 18; according to the test conditions, the device is small, and an infrared temperature tester can be skillfully used for accurately measuring the temperature change of the bogie wheel in the friction and wear process. The device can adjust the laser head position wantonly at the gyro wheel in-process, makes it accurately beat on the friction surface, transmits infrared temperature treater through the data line again to read at friction in-process bogie wheel temperature evolution law, finally become the two-dimensional curve with the test result and show on the screen, through the temperature change curve of infrared temperature analysis record gyro wheel reality friction in-process, read out the fact temperature variation and record.
The data processing device comprises an inductor 13 which is arranged in an interlayer between the bottom of the longitudinal screw 3 and the pin, occupies a tiny layer thickness and is integrated with the bottom of the longitudinal screw 3, and the inductor 13 is connected with an inductor data line 14. The induction principle is as follows: in the stressed movement process of the roller, the movement speed of the roller under different friction dual surfaces and different vibration frequencies generated in the movement process are sensed by the sensing layer, signals are transmitted to a computer through a data line, and the friction system is converted and read through software vb 6.0.
Example 2
As shown in a flow chart of FIG. 6, a tread rubber friction and wear testing method for simulating service conditions of a tank loading wheel comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, the control power supplies of a motor I1 and a motor II 9 are turned on to keep the motors in a standby state;
2) opening a data device connected with the testing device, and setting a test load, a speed, an operation time and a reciprocating distance, wherein the load is set to be 0-200N, the speed is set to be an angular speed, the speed is 150-2200r/min, the operation time is freely set, and the reciprocating sliding length is 0.5-25 mm;
3) according to the design of the testing device, the damping springs with different ranges are required to be selected for the setting of the loading force in the step 2), wherein the spring ranges are 0-40N, 40-80N, 80-120N, 120-160N and 160-200N; selecting a corresponding damping spring according to different loads, installing the damping spring in a damping aluminum block 12, fixedly embedding the damping spring in the damping aluminum block together through a screw to form the damping aluminum block, and connecting the installed damping aluminum block 12 with a supporting platform through the screw;
4) according to the setting of a testing device, firstly, a tread rubber to be tested is made into a sample with the thickness of 2mm, then the tread rubber sample to be tested is cut according to the width and the perimeter of a roller 7, a Kelmoke adhesive is used for enabling the cut tread rubber sample to be tested to be loaded on the surface of the roller 7, and the manufactured roller device is connected with a groove on the lower surface of a damping aluminum block 12 through the uppermost pin of the roller device and is fixed through a screw;
5) according to the setting of a testing device, firstly, according to different condition requirements, a dual-surface friction material is made into a sample with the thickness of 2mm, then the sample is cut to obtain a rubbing sample 8 according to the size requirements of a moving chassis 5 and a circular ring clamp 6, and finally the rubbing sample 8 is fixed on the moving chassis 5 through the clamp;
6) according to the setting of the testing device, the infrared ray emitting head 17 and the infrared analysis processing display device 18 are adjusted to be arranged according to the position requirement of the test bed, so that the infrared rays can be emitted to the friction surface, and then a power supply button of the temperature tester is turned on;
7) and the vertical screw rod 3 is manually adjusted, the height of a loading device of the vertical screw rod is manually adjusted at the position exposed out of the top of the motor I1, and the distance between the bottom end of the roller device and the rubbing sample 8 is 5 mm.
8) And after the step 1-7 is finished, returning to the software control page, clicking to start the test, simultaneously opening a start button of the infrared analysis processing display device 18, and storing the friction coefficient test data and the temperature test data after the test is finished.
Further, step 5), according to the control requirement of the temperature of the rubbing sample 8 in the test, the rubbing sample 8 is fixed on the upper surface of the heating furnace 15 through the circular ring clamp 6, and the heat insulation layer 16 is fixed on the moving chassis 5 through screws.
In order to verify the accuracy of the device, a contrast test is designed, a friction rubber sliding block device is manufactured according to the pin size of a roller device, the test result is compared with the test result of the existing literature (for example, in the figure 12 (a), NR is natural rubber as the friction sample of the friction testing machine of the invention, and in the figure 12 (b), SBR is styrene butadiene rubber as the friction sample of the conventional existing common friction testing machine), the test result of the device and the test result of the literature have the same change trend, and the friction coefficients show when the force is 60N, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the time is 60 min: the friction coefficient initially decreases significantly, then begins to increase slowly with time, and stabilizes after increasing to a certain value. The accuracy of the device of the invention can be verified by the above comparative experiments.
In order to verify the practicability of the test result, the tread rubber is prepared according to the self-made formula requirement, and the hardness reaches 55A and is more than 40A (the industrial tire hardness requirement). The friction coefficient change of the prepared tread rubber is tested under different temperature conditions on different road surfaces (rubber is used as a dual friction surface, sand paper is used as a dual friction surface, and metal steel is used as a dual friction surface), and the result shows that the friction coefficient of the tread rubber has different change trends under different friction working conditions, so that more accurate and perfect theoretical support is provided for researching the friction and abrasion of the tread rubber.
The detection results of the device are shown in fig. 7-10, and compared with the sliding friction test result (shown in fig. 11) under different environmental road surfaces and different environmental temperature conditions, the friction coefficient of the tread rubber of the bogie wheel simulated and tested by the device is obviously different from the sliding friction mode, and the friction coefficient shows respective change trend characteristics under different road surfaces and temperature conditions, so that the device provides more accurate and comprehensive research basis for the friction and wear performance test and design and manufacture of the high-performance tread rubber.
Claims (8)
1. A tread rubber friction and wear testing device for simulating service conditions of a tank loading wheel is characterized by comprising a rack (20), wherein a loading device is fixed at the top of the rack (20), the bottom of the loading device is connected with a rolling device, a dual-surface sample device which is in contact with the rolling device is arranged at the bottom end of the rack (20), the dual-surface sample device is also connected with a driving device which enables the dual-surface sample device to do reciprocating motion, and the dual-surface sample device is also provided with a temperature control device, a temperature measuring device and a data processing device;
the temperature control device and the temperature measuring device cooperate to realize the friction and wear evolution process of multi-method and multi-condition tank load-bearing tread rubber and common load-bearing tread rubber; the friction coefficient mu in the friction and wear process is accurately measured and recorded through the data processing device, and the time-temperature data T can be simultaneously measured by combining the temperature measuring device, so that accurate test data of the two properties are finally provided, and the friction and wear conditions and the properties of the load-bearing tire tread rubber under different complex working conditions are comprehensively analyzed by cooperating with various characterization means.
2. The tread rubber friction and wear testing device for simulating service conditions of the tank loading wheel according to claim 1, wherein the loading device comprises a longitudinal screw (3) installed on a rack (20), the top of the longitudinal screw (3) is connected with a motor I (1) fixed at the top end of the rack (20), the outer side wall of the longitudinal screw (3) is rotatably and fittingly connected with a supporting platform, the bottom of the supporting platform is detachably connected with a damping aluminum block (12), and the supporting platform is provided with a screw structure (4) capable of moving left and right in an adjustable manner;
the rolling device comprises a roller (7), tread rubber to be tested is bonded on the surface of the roller (7), the roller (7) is sleeved on a pin structure, a groove is formed in the lower surface of a damping aluminum block (12), the upper end of the pin is inserted into the groove, and a screw is arranged on the side of the damping aluminum block (12) and used for fixing the pin in the groove;
the dual-surface sample device is arranged below the roller (7) and comprises a moving chassis (5), a circular ring clamp (6) and a rubbing sample (8), a screw hole is formed in the moving chassis (5), and the rubbing sample (8) is arranged between the circular ring clamp (6) and the moving chassis (5) and is fixed through a screw;
the driving device comprises a motor II (9) arranged at the bottom end of the rack (20), a rotary bearing (10) and a motor II data line (11); the lower surface of the moving chassis (5) is provided with a bulge, two ends of the rotating bearing (10) are circular, a circular ring at one end of the rotating bearing (10) is tightly buckled with the bulge on the lower surface of the moving chassis (5), a circular ring at the other end of the rotating bearing is connected with an electric rotating shaft in the motor II (9), and a data line (11) of the motor II is connected with a power supply for supplying power, so that the motor rotates to drive the moving chassis (5) to move back and forth;
the temperature control device comprises a heating furnace (15) and a heat insulation layer (16), wherein the upper surface of the heating furnace (15) is provided with a screw groove for fixing the ring clamp (6) and the rubbing sample (8), the lower surface of the heating furnace is connected with the heat insulation layer (16) through screws, and the heat insulation layer (16) is used for being fixed with the moving chassis (5); the heating furnace (15) is connected with a heating data line (19);
the temperature measuring device comprises an infrared ray emitting head (17) and an infrared analysis processing display device (18);
the data processing device comprises an inductor (13) arranged in an interlayer between the bottom of the longitudinal screw (3) and the pin, and the inductor (13) is connected with an inductor data line (14).
3. The tread rubber friction and wear testing device for simulating service conditions of the tank loading wheel according to claim 2, wherein the length of the longitudinal screw (3) is 100mm, the motor I (1) is connected with a computer through a motor I data line (2), and numerical control operation is realized through computer software; the damping aluminum block (12) is formed by embedding an upper metal aluminum block and a lower metal aluminum block, and two springs correspondingly bearing different load ranges are arranged in the embedding and serve as damping devices in the loading process.
4. The tread rubber friction and wear testing device for simulating service conditions of the tank loading wheel according to claim 2, wherein the outer diameter of the roller (7) is 8mm, the roller (7) is made of a metal material, the width of the roller is 6mm, the thickness of the tread rubber to be tested on the surface of the roller (7) is 2mm, the length of the pin is 14mm, the diameter of the pin is 4mm, and the structural design of the tank loading wheel is simulated below the pin; the depth of the groove on the lower surface of the shock absorption aluminum block (12) is 14mm, and the diameter is 4 mm.
5. The tread rubber friction wear testing device for simulating the service condition of the tank bogie wheel according to claim 2, wherein the friction sample (8) is a friction surface material under the running condition of asphalt, cement, marble or a metal bogie wheel, and the thickness of the friction sample (8) is not more than 4 mm; the circular ring clamp (6) is cylindrical, the outer diameter is 150mm, the inner diameter is 100mm, and the height is 2 mm; the surface of the moving chassis (5) is provided with four screw holes with the diameter of 5mm for fixing the circular ring clamp (6).
6. The tread rubber friction wear testing device for simulating the service condition of the tank loading wheel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the length of the rotary bearing (10) is 150 mm; the heating furnace (15) is designed according to the size of the circular ring clamp (6), the heating furnace (15) is made of 10# steel, the height is 50mm, the diameter is 150mm, and four screw grooves are formed in the upper surface; the heat insulation layer (16) is a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin heat insulation layer with the length of 200mm, the width of 200mm and the layer thickness of 30 mm.
7. A tread rubber friction and wear test method for simulating service conditions of tank loading wheels is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, the control power supplies of a motor I (1) and a motor II (9) are turned on to keep the motors in a standby state;
2) opening a data device connected with the testing device, and setting a test load, a speed, an operation time and a reciprocating distance, wherein the load is set to be 0-200N, the speed is marked as an angular speed and is 150-2200r/min, the operation time is freely set, and the reciprocating sliding length is 0.5-25 mm;
3) according to the design of the testing device, the damping springs with different ranges are required to be selected for the setting of the loading force in the step 2), wherein the spring ranges are 0-40N, 40-80N, 80-120N, 120-160N and 160-200N; selecting a corresponding damping spring according to different loads, installing the damping spring in a damping aluminum block (12), fixedly embedding the damping spring in the damping aluminum block together through a screw to form the damping aluminum block, and connecting the installed damping aluminum block (12) with a supporting platform through the screw;
4) according to the setting of a testing device, firstly, a tread rubber to be tested is made into a sample with the thickness of 2mm, then the tread rubber sample to be tested is cut according to the width and the perimeter of a roller (7), the cut tread rubber sample to be tested is loaded on the surface of the roller (7) by using a Kelmogue adhesive, and the manufactured roller device is connected with a groove on the lower surface of a damping aluminum block (12) through a pin at the uppermost end of the roller device and is fixed by a screw;
5) according to the setting of a testing device, firstly, according to different condition requirements, a dual-surface friction material is made into a sample with the thickness of 2mm, then the dual-surface friction material is cut into a pair-friction sample (8) according to the size requirements of a moving chassis (5) and a circular ring clamp (6), and finally the pair-friction sample (8) is fixed on the moving chassis (5) through the clamp;
6) according to the setting of the testing device, the infrared ray emitting head (17) and the infrared analysis processing display device (18) are adjusted to be placed according to the position requirement of the test bed, so that the infrared ray can be emitted to the friction surface, and then a power supply button of the temperature tester is turned on;
7) the height of a loading device of the manual adjusting longitudinal screw rod (3) is manually adjusted at the position exposed out of the top of the motor I (1) until the distance between the bottom end of the roller device and a rubbing sample (8) is 5 mm;
8) and after the step 1-7 is finished, returning to the software control page, clicking to start the test, simultaneously opening a start button of the infrared analysis processing display device (18), and storing the friction coefficient test data and the temperature test data after the test is finished.
8. The method for testing the frictional wear of the tread rubber for simulating the service condition of the tank loading wheel according to claim 7, wherein in the step 5), according to the control requirement of the test on the temperature of the friction sample (8), the friction sample (8) is fixed on the upper surface of a heating furnace (15) through a circular ring clamp (6), and a heat insulation layer (16) is fixed on a moving chassis (5) through screws.
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