CN114323893A - Sand hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with inclined deposition surface - Google Patents
Sand hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with inclined deposition surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN114323893A CN114323893A CN202111499145.7A CN202111499145A CN114323893A CN 114323893 A CN114323893 A CN 114323893A CN 202111499145 A CN202111499145 A CN 202111499145A CN 114323893 A CN114323893 A CN 114323893A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sandy soil hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with an inclined deposition surface, and belongs to the field of geotechnical tests. The sand throwing device comprises a throwing mechanism, a sand throwing mechanism and a sand throwing mechanism, wherein the throwing mechanism is used for throwing sand; the sample forming die is used for receiving the sandy soil thrown by the throwing mechanism and applying external force to the sandy soil so that the sandy soil is fixedly formed according to the internal shape of the sample forming die to prepare a sandy soil hollow cylindrical sample; and the servo motor is connected with the sampling mould through a transmission mechanism and drives the sampling mould to rotate. The invention carries out sample preparation by throwing sandy soil through the rotation of the instrument, strictly controls the sample preparation throwing height, the inclination angle and the radial uniformity, ensures that the dry density of the prepared sample is uniformly distributed along the radial direction, can realize integrated disassembly and assembly, can directly transfer the sample to the cylindrical torsional shear instrument on the premise of not disassembling the sample enclosure mechanism, and avoids damaging the sample in the disassembly and assembly process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical tests and relates to a sandy soil hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with an inclined deposition surface.
Background
In practical engineering, the phenomenon that stress is loaded in different directions is very common. Because the soil body has a very complicated microstructure, the mechanical properties of the soil are different when stress is loaded along different directions. The principal stress has three magnitude quantities and three directional quantities. In order to research the influence of complex stress conditions on the mechanical properties of rock-soil materials, indoor geotechnical test instruments with different functions are researched and developed, and a large number of test researches are carried out.
The control of the stress magnitude is gradually realized from an unconfined compression instrument, a conventional triaxial instrument and a true triaxial instrument, and the control of the three magnitudes of the main stress is realized, so that the influence of the change of the magnitude of the main stress on the mechanical property of the soil is well disclosed. The control of the stress direction quantity is mainly characterized in that the direction relation between the material direction and the stress direction is controlled, and the control can be realized by preparing a sample with an inclined deposition surface or controlling the loading direction of main stress mainly by a hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus.
However, limited by the functions of the existing geotechnical test instruments, only a stress path of stress rotating around a main shaft can be realized at present, namely, only one of three directional quantities of stress can be manually controlled. A test device and a test method for controlling two direction quantities of stress are lacked, and the method is a blank for research in the fields of soil mechanics and solid mechanics. The hollow cylinder torsional shear apparatus is one of the most advanced indoor test devices at present, and can independently control the magnitude of three main stresses and the angle of rotation around the direction of the middle main stress, so that anisotropic test research can be carried out. However, the preparation of the remolded hollow cylindrical sample is difficult, and the application of the remolded hollow cylindrical sample is limited. For remolding sandy soil samples, a layered sand filling method is generally adopted; for remodeling clay samples, drainage consolidation and layering compaction are generally adopted.
The stress vector comprises three magnitude quantities and three direction quantities, and the change of the stress magnitude and the stress direction can cause the material to show different mechanical properties. From the viewpoint of the sample, the existing method for preparing the hollow cylindrical sample can only prepare the hollow cylindrical sample with a horizontal deposition surface, and therefore, the material to be studied in the test must be a transverse isotropic material. Considering from the stress angle, in the test process, the direction of the middle main stress is always parallel to the deposition surface, and the hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus can only control the sizes of three main stresses and one main stress direction angle.
Since the hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus can only control the stress to rotate around the radial direction of the sample, it is necessary to assume that the direction of the central main stress is along the radial direction and parallel to the direction of the deposition surface. The assumption leads to that the hollow torsional shear test can only consider one stress direction angle, can only study the anisotropy of one dimension, cannot completely simulate the stress state of the soil body in the nature, and restricts the use of the hollow cylindrical torsional shear instrument to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a sandy soil hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with an inclined deposition surface, which realizes control of the direction of the deposition surface from the angle of the sample, so that the direction of the deposition surface of the sample is no longer parallel to the radial direction, but has a specific included angle. Further, by controlling the inclination of the sample deposition surface, control of the second dimension is achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a sand hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with an inclined deposition surface comprises: the throwing mechanism is used for throwing sandy soil; the sample forming die is used for receiving the sandy soil thrown by the throwing mechanism and applying external force to the sandy soil so as to fix and form the sandy soil according to the internal shape of the sample forming die to prepare a sandy soil hollow cylindrical sample; and the servo motor is connected with the sampling mould through a transmission mechanism and drives the sampling mould to rotate.
Optionally, the throwing mechanism includes an internal rotating funnel fixedly disposed above the sampling mold, and the internal rotating funnel includes a parking platform and a funnel side wall disposed around the outside of the parking platform; a sand filling hole is formed in one side of the side wall of the funnel, which is far away from the parking platform; the stopping platform is provided with cross plates which are arranged in a crossed manner on one side of the inner side of the side wall of the funnel, and a sand throwing groove for throwing sand into the sampling mold is formed in one side of the side wall of the funnel, which is close to the stopping platform.
Optionally, a plurality of sand blasting grooves are uniformly formed along the side wall of the funnel.
Optionally, the sample forming mold comprises a sample top cover, a sample base, and an inner forming cylinder and an outer forming cylinder fixedly arranged between the sample top cover and the sample base; and the sample top cover and the sample base are fixed through the upper upright post.
Optionally, the inner molding cylinder and the outer molding cylinder are both valve-type structures, and an outer hoop for fixing the outer side is arranged on the outer side of the outer molding cylinder.
Optionally, an inner supporting rod for radially supporting the inner molding barrel is arranged on the inner side of the inner molding barrel, and at least 1 inner supporting rod is arranged along the height direction of the inner molding barrel.
Optionally, two ends of the inner supporting rod are respectively fixed on the sample top cover and the sample base, and an inner sealing ring for fixing the latex film covering the outer side of the inner molding cylinder is further arranged on the inner supporting rod.
Optionally, a heightening cylinder with the same inner and outer diameters as the outer molding cylinder is arranged at the top of the outer molding cylinder, and the scattering mechanism is arranged in the heightening cylinder
Optionally, the sample base is provided with a hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus, and is provided with annular permeable stones and filter paper.
Optionally, a base is arranged at the lower end of the sampling mold, and the base is used for supporting and fixing the sampling mold and is connected with the transmission mechanism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the automation degree is high: when the remolded sandy soil sample is prepared by adopting the traditional sand filling method, dry sand needs to be filled into the molding cylinder through the long-neck funnel. The process is all manual operation, and the workload of the test is increased. The invention can uniformly throw the sand by the gravity of the sand and the rotation of the instrument, thereby effectively reducing the task amount of manual operation.
(2) The sample preparation uniformity is good: when a sample is prepared by a traditional sand filling method, the sand filling and throwing position, the throwing height and the throwing speed of sand can cause the prepared sample to be uneven. The invention strictly controls the spraying height of the sample to be consistent through the automatic spraying device, and the dry density of the prepared sample is uniformly distributed along the radial direction.
(3) The direction of the deposition surface is controllable:
in the process of throwing and depositing, the sand particles are mainly acted by vertical downward gravity and horizontal centrifugal force, and the sizes of the sand particles are respectively
Gravity: g is mg (1)
Centrifugal force: f ═ mr ω2 (2)
Therefore, the direction included angle alpha 3 between the resultant force and the gravity satisfies
α3＝arctan(rω2/g) (3)
Angular velocity ω of base rotation of
The relationship between the angular velocity ω and the rotational speed n is
ω＝2πn (5)
Further, the rotation speed n can be obtained
Because the rotating speeds of the motor rotor and the base are the same, the inclined sediment sandy soil hollow cylinder sample with the sediment surface and the horizontal plane having an included angle alpha 3 can be prepared only by controlling the motor rotor to rotate according to the formula (6) through the touch control plate.
(4) The integration dismouting, because the sand sample does not possess the self-stabilization ability, consequently, need during the system appearance to fix the sample base of hollow cylinder shear appearance on the rotatable base of this device, and the loading base of shear appearance is turned round to the inside and outside one-tenth die cylinder and supporting mechanism and hollow cylinder of forming device is connected again. Thus, after the sample is thrown and prepared, the external mechanisms such as the protective cover and the throwing mechanism are removed, the sample enclosing mechanism which is closely and stably related to the sample can be directly moved into the pressure chamber of the hollow cylindrical torsion shear apparatus to be fixed, and the rest enclosing mechanisms are removed after the sample is installed.
(5) Good repeatability: the sample preparation is standardized, the repeatability of sample preparation is good, and the normalization degree of the performed test is high.
(6) The safety is good, and the safety cover relies on the casing to provide good enclosed environment and protective structure on the one hand, and on the other hand can observe sample preparation process and form through organic glass.
(7) The matching degree with the existing loading equipment is high. The sample base and the sample top cover of the existing hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus can be perfectly matched with a sampling mould, independent processing is not needed, the operation steps can be reduced, and the production cost can be reduced.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal rotating funnel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an external structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a sandy soil hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with an inclined deposition surface is shown
The device mainly comprises a throwing mechanism 1, a protective cover 2, a sampling mould 3, a base 4, a servo motor 5, a transmission mechanism 6, a base 7 and a control system 8.
The throwing mechanism 1 mainly comprises an external funnel 11 and an internal rotating funnel 12, wherein the external funnel 11 is directly inserted into a preformed hole in the middle of an organic glass plate 21, the internal rotating funnel 12 is fixed on a sample top cover 31 by bolts, the center of the upper part of the internal rotating funnel is provided with a hole to form a sand filling hole 121, and the sand filling hole and the axis of the external funnel 11 are in the vertical direction; the lower part is a parking platform 123, a cross plate 122 is arranged on the parking platform 123, sand and soil are forcibly driven to synchronously rotate with the integral internal rotating funnel 12 through the cross plate 122 arranged on the parking platform 123, and the sand and the soil are thrown out through a sand throwing groove 125 through centrifugal force after the preset rotating speed is reached; the periphery is provided with a ring-shaped funnel side wall 124, the contact part of the ring-shaped funnel side wall and the parking platform 123 is evenly distributed with 6 sand throwing grooves 125.
The protective cover 2 mainly comprises a shell 22 maintained on four sides and an organic glass plate 21 on the top, is fixed on the base 7 by bolts, integrally encloses the rotating sampling mold 3, and can observe the working conditions of the throwing mechanism and the sampling mold while improving the control safety of the equipment.
The shaping mold 3 is mainly composed of a sample top cover 31, an upper upright column 32, an heightening cylinder 33, an outer shaping cylinder 34, an inner shaping cylinder 35 and a sample base 36. The sample top cover 31 is located at the upper part of the molding die, is in a ring structure, is fixed on the base 4 by an upper upright column 32, and nests and fixes the inner rotary funnel 12, the outer molding cylinder 34 and the inner molding cylinder 35. The outer molding cylinder 34 and the inner molding cylinder 35 are both valve structures, so that the disassembly and the assembly are convenient. The outer molding cylinder 34 is integrally sleeved outside the sample base 36, and an outer latex film needs to be installed on the inner side of the outer molding cylinder 34, so that a gap of about 2mm is reserved between the outer molding cylinder 34 and the sample base 36. An outer hoop 41 is provided outside the outer molding cylinder 34, and serves as a hoop, and the top of the outer molding cylinder is embedded in the sample top cover 31. An inner support rod 351 is arranged inside the inner molding barrel 35 and plays a role of supporting the inner molding barrel 35 outwards. The top of the inner support rod 351 is provided with an inner support rod top head 354 fixed with the sample top cover 31 by bolts, and the bottom of the inner support rod 351 is provided with an inner support rod bottom head 353 fixed on a central reserved hole inside the sample base 36 by threads to form a stable structure. The base 4 is also provided with an inner sealing ring 352 at the center inside for compacting the inner latex film and tightly fixing the inner latex film on the outer surface of the inner molding barrel 35. An upper column 32 between the sample top cover 31 and the base 4 provides a pulling force to compress the outer and inner mold cylinders 34 and 35 together. The sample base 36 is a sample base corresponding to the hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus, an annular permeable stone 362 and filter paper 361 are arranged above the sample base, and the part is integrally placed into the hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus along with the sample to perform subsequent tests. The heightening cylinder 33 is positioned at the top of the outer molding cylinder 34, has the same radius as the inner and outer radii of the outer molding cylinder 34, is longitudinally heightened by the outer molding cylinder 34, and is embedded on the sample top cover 31.
The base 4 is in a disc shape, and is used for supporting and fixing the upper protective cover 2 and the upper shaping mold 3 on the one hand, and is connected with the transmission mechanism 6 through the tray 41 on the other hand, so that the rotating tray 42 can rotate at a high speed. The servo motor 5 is connected with the base 4 through a transmission mechanism 6 and transmits the rotating energy. The transmission mechanism 6 connects the motor rotor and the base 4 together through the synchronous conveyor belt 61, so that the rotating speeds of the motor rotor and the base are synchronous. The base 7 integrally encapsulates the transmission mechanism 6 and the control system 8, and a balance weight is additionally arranged to reduce the vibration of the equipment and keep the stability of the whole device. The hardware of the control system 8 is mainly a touch screen, and control software is integrated in the control system, so that the digital display and control of the rotating speed of the servo motor 5 can be realized.
During the system appearance, slowly pour into outside funnel 11 with the sand granule, outside funnel 11 is fixed, and the sand granule falls into inside rotary hopper 12 gradually, and inside rotary hopper 12 rotates with one-tenth appearance mould 3 synchronous. The sand particles are thrown out from the prepared holes on the side wall of the inner rotary hopper 12, fall between the outer molding cylinder 34 and the inner molding cylinder 35, and are stacked on the filter paper 361 to form a sample.
The rotational angular velocity of the sand particles is primarily imparted by the inner rotating hopper 12. After passing through the external funnel 11, the sandy soil falls on the parking platform 123 of the internal rotating funnel 12 through the sand filling holes 121, the cross plate 122 is arranged at the bottom of the parking platform 123, and the sandy soil particles are given an angular velocity and a centrifugal force under the pushing of the cross plate 122 and the parking platform 123, so that the sandy soil particles rotating at a high speed are gradually thrown out from six sand throwing grooves 125 reserved on the side wall 124 and fall into the hollow cylindrical sample forming mold 3.
For easy disassembly and assembly, the inner molding cylinder 35 and the outer molding cylinder 34 adopt a valve structure design. The difference from the existing scheme is that: the existing sample preparation method adopts manual operation, the clear height of the interior of a sample preparation mould is 200mm and is consistent with the final sample, and the sand sample is as high as the top of an outer forming cylinder after sample preparation. The degree of automation of this device is higher, and the sandy soil granule relies on the deposition to become the appearance independently, and in order to avoid system appearance in-process high-speed pivoted sandy soil granule to fly everywhere, increase a section of thick bamboo 33 and interior one-tenth die cylinder 35 and laminate completely with outer one-tenth die cylinder 34 top, and then increased about 20mm with net height for 200 mm's one-tenth appearance mould inner space is whole. The throwing mechanism 1 is arranged inside the heightening cylinder 33, and the heightening cylinder can be directly dismounted during dismounting without influencing the exterior enclosing mechanism of the sample.
The sandy soil sample has no self-stabilizing capability, so that the sample base 36 of the hollow cylindrical torsion shear apparatus, the attached annular permeable stone 362 and the filter paper 361 thereof need to be fixed on the base 4 of the device in advance during sample preparation. And then connecting the inner and outer molding cylinders and the supporting mechanisms thereof of the molding device with the loading base of the hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus. Thus, after the sample is thrown and prepared, the external mechanisms such as the protective cover 2 and the throwing mechanism 1 are removed, the sample enclosure mechanism which is closely and stably related to the sample can be directly moved into the pressure chamber of the hollow cylindrical torsion shear apparatus to be fixed, and after the sample is installed, the rest enclosure mechanisms are removed, so that the sample is prevented from being damaged in the process of disassembly and assembly.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument of sand that deposit face slope which characterized in that includes:
the throwing mechanism is used for throwing sandy soil;
the sample forming die is used for receiving the sandy soil thrown by the throwing mechanism and applying external force to the sandy soil so as to fix and form the sandy soil according to the internal shape of the sample forming die to prepare a sandy soil hollow cylindrical sample;
and the servo motor is connected with the sampling mould through a transmission mechanism and drives the sampling mould to rotate.
2. The sand hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with inclined deposition surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the throwing mechanism comprises an internal rotating funnel fixedly arranged above the sampling mould, and the internal rotating funnel comprises a parking platform and a funnel side wall arranged around the outer side of the parking platform; a sand filling hole is formed in one side of the side wall of the funnel, which is far away from the parking platform; the stopping platform is provided with cross plates which are arranged in a crossed manner on one side of the inner side of the side wall of the funnel, and a sand throwing groove for throwing sand into the sampling mold is formed in one side of the side wall of the funnel, which is close to the stopping platform.
3. The sand hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with inclined deposition surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a plurality of sand throwing grooves are uniformly arranged along the side wall of the funnel.
4. The sand hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with inclined deposition surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sample forming die comprises a sample top cover, a sample base, an inner forming cylinder and an outer forming cylinder, wherein the inner forming cylinder and the outer forming cylinder are fixedly arranged between the sample top cover and the sample base; and the sample top cover and the sample base are fixed through the upper upright post.
5. The deposition surface inclined sandy soil hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument according to claim 4, wherein: the inner molding cylinder and the outer molding cylinder are both valve-type structures, and an outer hoop for fixing the outer side is arranged on the outer side of the outer molding cylinder.
6. The deposition surface inclined sandy soil hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument according to claim 4, wherein: and the inner side of the inner molding cylinder is provided with at least 1 inner supporting rod for radially supporting the inner molding cylinder along the height direction of the inner molding cylinder.
7. The deposition surface inclined sandy soil hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument according to claim 6, wherein: two ends of the inner supporting rod are respectively fixed on the sample top cover and the sample base, and an inner sealing ring for fixing the latex film covering the outer side of the inner molding cylinder is further arranged on the inner supporting rod.
8. The deposition surface inclined sandy soil hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument according to claim 4, wherein: the top of the outer molding cylinder is provided with a heightening cylinder with the same inner and outer diameters as the outer molding cylinder, and the scattering mechanism is arranged inside the heightening cylinder.
9. The deposition surface inclined sandy soil hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument according to claim 4, wherein: the sample base of the hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus is arranged on the sample base, and an annular permeable stone and filter paper are arranged on the sample base.
10. The sand hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with inclined deposition surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the sampling mould is provided with a base which is used for supporting and fixing the sampling mould and is connected with a transmission mechanism.
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| CN202111499145.7A CN114323893A (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Sand hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument with inclined deposition surface |
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| CN108088720A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-05-29 | 董彤 | A kind of inclination sand hollow cylinder sample preparation facilities |
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| CN112747983A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-04 | 南京工业大学 | Hollow cylindrical sample preparation device for microorganism solidified sandy soil and use method |
| CN214460069U (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-10-22 | 柏山精密机械(昆山)有限公司 | Salt spreader with uniform salt spreading mechanism |
| CN214576913U (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-11-02 | 江西理工大学 | Tunnel lateral wall drilling extension mould |
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2021
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202111499145.7A patent/CN114323893A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2858238Y (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-01-17 | 南京林业大学 | Assemble glass fibre reinforced plastic storage tank die |
| US20140037783A1 (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2014-02-06 | Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. | Mold-Tool System Including Nozzle-Tip Assembly Configured for Reduced Axial Tilting |
| CN108088720A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-05-29 | 董彤 | A kind of inclination sand hollow cylinder sample preparation facilities |
| CN208875133U (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-05-21 | 天津市益多利来水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of novel feed material-strewing device used for aquiculture |
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| CN214576913U (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-11-02 | 江西理工大学 | Tunnel lateral wall drilling extension mould |
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