CN114322307A - Air source heat pump used in low-temperature environment - Google Patents
Air source heat pump used in low-temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114322307A CN114322307A CN202210106523.9A CN202210106523A CN114322307A CN 114322307 A CN114322307 A CN 114322307A CN 202210106523 A CN202210106523 A CN 202210106523A CN 114322307 A CN114322307 A CN 114322307A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air source heat pump used in low temperature environment, belonging to the field of heat pump, the air source heat pump of the invention includes: first air source unit and second air source unit, first air source unit includes first water tank, second air source unit includes the second water tank, first water tank and second water tank are respectively through transmission drain pipe intercommunication main storage water tank, main storage water tank side is equipped with vice storage water tank, vice storage water tank upper end cover meets spotlight lid, spotlight lid middle part is equipped with lens, vice storage water tank upper portion is equipped with heat collecting part, heat collecting part side is through the body of rod and vice storage water tank inner wall connection, the heat collecting part below is equipped with the solar panel, all establish the through-hole that permeates water on the solar panel. The invention effectively solves the problem of overhigh compression ratio when the air source heat pump is used for preparing hot water at extremely low temperature, adopts the double air source unit, avoids the problem of thermophysical property change of the refrigerant at high temperature and low temperature, and effectively improves the heating capacity and energy efficiency of the air source heat pump.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat pumps, and particularly relates to an air source heat pump used in a low-temperature environment.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the demand of people on energy is continuously enlarged, so two problems are brought: the energy crisis is caused by the limited reserves of fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas; the other is the environmental pollution and the greenhouse effect generated by the exhaust gas discharged by the combustion of the fossil fuel. Therefore, development of new energy sources has become a significant issue. The air source heat pump, as one kind of heat pump technology, has the reputation of the porter of nature energy, and has multiple advantages of low use cost, easy operation, good heating effect, safety, cleanness and the like. However, the performance of the air source heat pump is rapidly reduced along with the reduction of the evaporation temperature, and at an extremely low temperature, such as in winter in northern China, the problem of over-high compression ratio can occur when the air source heat pump is used for preparing hot water, so that the performance of a unit is seriously affected, and the use of the air source heat pump in cold regions in winter is also limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air source heat pump used in a low-temperature environment, which effectively solves the problem that the compression ratio is too high when the air source heat pump is used for preparing hot water at an extremely low temperature, and adopts a double air source unit to avoid the problem of thermophysical property change of a refrigerant at a high temperature and a low temperature, thereby effectively improving the heating capacity and energy efficiency of the air source heat pump and reducing the heat loss rate in the transmission process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: an air-source heat pump for use in low temperature environments, comprising: first air source unit and second air source unit, first air source unit and second air source unit are connected with the control list respectively and are controlled by it, first air source unit includes first water tank, second air source unit includes the second water tank, first water tank and second water tank are respectively through transmission drain pipe intercommunication main storage water tank, first water tank and second water tank side are equipped with vice storage water tank respectively, the upper end of vice storage water tank is covered and is connect the spotlight lid of transparent evagination, spotlight lid middle part is equipped with the lens that is used for the spotlight, vice storage water tank upper portion center department is equipped with heat collecting element, heat collecting element side is through the connecting rod body with vice storage water tank inner wall connection, heat collecting element below is equipped with the arc solar panel that the inner cross-section is the indent, all establish the through-hole that permeates water on the solar panel. The heat collecting piece is a heat conducting metal piece, such as copper or aluminum, a first control valve is arranged on the transmission drain pipe, and the first control valve is connected with the control unit. The invention prepares hot water by designing a double-air-source unit, the two air-source units are mainly characterized in that the compressor can work under different environmental temperatures, particularly under the conditions of low-temperature environment and high-temperature environment, the control unit automatically controls to start the corresponding air-source unit under the conditions of different environmental temperatures, intelligent control is realized, the problem of thermal property change of refrigerants of different compressors under high temperature and low temperature is avoided, the heating capacity and energy efficiency of an air-source heat pump are effectively improved, in order to improve the heating efficiency of hot water and heat a water body by diversified utilization of energy, the auxiliary water storage tanks are respectively communicated with the first water tank and the second water tank, so that the water storage capacity of the first water tank and the second water tank can be enlarged, after the heated water in the first water tank and the second water tank is discharged, the auxiliary water storage tanks can supply water to the first water tank and the second water tank at the first time, the problem that water supply speed is too slow due to insufficient water supply pressure of water supply on a high floor or water supply speed of water supply on a high floor can be avoided, natural light is condensed by means of a condensing cover body and a condensing lens arranged at the upper end of an auxiliary water storage tank, particularly, the condensed sunlight irradiates a heat collecting piece in the auxiliary water storage tank, so that the temperature of the heat collecting piece is continuously increased and water near the heat collecting piece is heated, the auxiliary water storage tank is prevented from being irradiated by the condensed light to cause damage, the water is heated by the sunlight, another water heating scheme is provided in a cold north, heating time of water after the auxiliary water storage tank is fed into a first water tank and a second water tank is indirectly shortened, further, a condensing plate opposite to the arc surface of the cover body is arranged in the auxiliary water storage tank, a water permeable through hole is formed in the surface of the condensing plate, the water permeable through hole is formed in the auxiliary water storage tank, the water storage tank can normally flow up and down in the auxiliary water storage tank, and the condensed light is prevented from being scattered to the lower part in the auxiliary water storage tank through the excessive water permeable through hole, and the condensing heating effect is reduced The utility model discloses a solar energy collector, including a solar water storage tank, a secondary water storage tank, a spotlight cover body, a spotlight lens part light, cause spotlight heating heat collection piece efficiency to descend to can deviate the spotlight point through spotlight lid and spotlight lens part light, form reflection to the light of deviating spotlight route scattering to secondary water storage tank inner wall direction and the solar panel contact and change its transfer path and shine to heat collection piece bottom, solve spotlight light skew and lead to spotlight heating efficiency to descend the problem and realize comparatively comprehensive heating heat collection piece upper and lower part, guarantee that the different positions of heat collection piece are heated the temperature equilibrium and so reach the water heating evenly to different water layers in the secondary water storage tank, also effectively improve air source heat pump heating capacity and efficiency.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, vice storage water tank is two, and first water tank and vice storage water tank connected mode among the first air source unit do: the lateral side of the upper end of the first water tank is communicated with the top of the auxiliary water storage tank through a water storage auxiliary pipe body; the connection mode of a second water tank and an auxiliary water storage tank in the second air source unit is as follows: the side of the upper end of the second water tank is communicated with the top of the auxiliary water storage tank through a water storage auxiliary pipe body; a first assembly hole assembled with the water storage auxiliary pipe body is formed in the condensation cover body, the height of a water storage horizontal plane in the auxiliary water storage tank is lower than the height of water storage horizontal planes of the first water tank and the second water tank, and a control valve is arranged on a pipe body which is communicated and connected with the first water tank through a pipe body in the auxiliary water storage tank in the first air source unit; and a control valve is arranged on the pipe body which is communicated and connected with the second water tank through the pipe body and the other auxiliary water storage tank in the second air source unit. The mode that the water storage level of the auxiliary water storage tank is lower than that of the first water tank and the second water tank can realize that the valve on the pipe body at the bottom end of the auxiliary water storage tank is closed in the water inlet process of the first water tank and the second water tank, so that the full water in the first water tank and the second water tank naturally flows into the auxiliary water storage tank through the water storage auxiliary pipe due to the water difference height, the problem of overlarge water pressure in the first water tank and the second water tank caused by excessive flushing water of the first water tank and the second water tank is effectively prevented by saving excessive water pumps, after the water in the first water tank and the second water tank is heated and is fed into the main water storage tank, the control unit controls the valve on the pipe body at the bottom of the auxiliary water storage tank communicated with the first water tank and the second water tank to be opened to feed the water in the auxiliary water storage tank into the first water tank and the second water tank until the water levels in the left water tank and the right water tank are consistent, namely part of the water still remains in the auxiliary water storage tank, and the water in the first water tank and the second water tank can be continuously supplemented after the water in the auxiliary water tank is used up, the water in the auxiliary water storage tank is heated by adopting a light condensation scheme, a preheating effect is achieved, and the heating time and the energy consumption for heating the water in the first water tank and the second water tank can be reduced.
In the above technical scheme, the first air source unit further includes a first compressor, a first expansion valve, and a first heat exchange tube, the first compressor is communicated with the first water tank through a transmission pipeline, the transmission pipeline penetrates through the first water tank and is communicated with the first expansion valve, the first expansion valve is communicated with the first heat exchange tube through the transmission pipeline, the first heat exchange tube is communicated with the first compressor through the transmission pipeline, and a first temperature detector is arranged on the transmission pipeline for communicating the first compressor with the first heat exchange tube. The first temperature detector and the first compressor are connected with the control unit. The medium gas with high temperature and high pressure obtained by the first compressor is subjected to heat exchange in the process of passing through the first water tank, heat is released into the first water tank to heat the water body, the gas subjected to heat exchange is condensed into medium liquid which enters the first expansion valve, the pressure of the medium liquid is reduced, the medium liquid subjected to pressure reduction is evaporated into the medium gas which enters the first heat exchange tube to absorb the heat in the environment and is stored in the medium gas, the medium gas absorbing the heat enters the first compressor to compress the medium gas, the medium gas is sent into the main water storage tank after the water body in the first water tank is continuously heated until the water body is heated to a set water temperature in a circulating manner, the first heat exchange tube and a transmission pipeline of the first compressor are provided with first temperature detection to detect the temperature of the medium gas, the control unit judges which air source unit is started to carry out the water body heating work, and avoids the expansion of the compression ratio of equipment and the overheat protection phenomenon of the compressor under the condition of too low outdoor environment temperature, and may also result in an expansion of heat source differences that may limit heat pump efficiency.
In the above technical scheme, the second air source unit further includes a second compressor, a second expansion valve, and a second heat exchange tube, the second compressor is communicated with the second water tank through a transmission pipeline, the transmission pipeline penetrates through the second water tank and is communicated with the second expansion valve, the second expansion valve is communicated with the second heat exchange tube through the transmission pipeline, the second heat exchange tube is communicated with the second compressor through the transmission pipeline, and a second temperature detector is arranged on the transmission pipeline for communicating the second compressor and the second heat exchange tube. The second temperature detector and the second compressor are connected with the control unit. The medium gas with high temperature and high pressure obtained by the second compressor is subjected to heat exchange in the process of passing through the second water tank, heat is released into the second water tank to heat the water body, the gas subjected to heat exchange is condensed into medium liquid which enters the second expansion valve, the pressure of the medium liquid is reduced, the medium liquid subjected to pressure reduction is evaporated into the medium gas which enters the second heat exchange tube to absorb the heat in the environment and is stored in the medium gas, the medium gas absorbing the heat enters the second compressor to compress the medium gas, the water body in the second water tank is continuously heated in such a way until the water body is heated to a set water temperature and then is sent into the main water storage tank, second temperature detection is arranged on the second heat exchange tube and a transmission pipeline of the second compressor to detect the temperature of the medium gas, the control unit judges which air source unit is started to carry out the water body heating work, and the phenomena of expansion of the compression ratio of equipment and overheating protection of the compressor under the condition that the outdoor environment temperature is too low are avoided, and may also result in heat sources with an expanded difference that limits heat pump efficiency.
According to the technical scheme, a second control valve is further arranged on a transmission pipeline used for communicating the second compressor and the second heat exchange tube, the transmission pipelines at the front end and the rear end of the second control valve are respectively communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary water storage tank through auxiliary temperature control pipelines, pipe orifices of the two auxiliary temperature control pipelines are communicated in the auxiliary water storage tank, and a third control valve and a fourth control valve are respectively arranged on the auxiliary temperature control pipelines at the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary water storage tank. The third control valve and the fourth control valve are respectively connected with the control unit, the second control valve is connected with the control unit, and a second assembling hole assembled with the temperature control auxiliary pipeline is formed in the condensation cover body. The second compressor of the second air source unit adopts low-temperature refrigerant, in low-temperature environment, such as winter in the north, the control unit controls the second air source unit to work, but the absorbed environment heat in the low-temperature environment is possibly lower, the temperature of the refrigerant gas entering the second compressor is detected through the second temperature detector, the control unit controls the opening or closing of the second control valve, when the temperature of the refrigerant gas entering the second compressor is lower than the set temperature, the control unit controls the second control valve to close and simultaneously opens the fourth control valve, so that the refrigerant gas absorbing the environment heat flows through the auxiliary water storage tank through the temperature control auxiliary pipeline, the temperature of the refrigerant gas is further increased by utilizing a water body heated by sunlight in the auxiliary water storage tank, the temperature of the refrigerant gas entering the second compressor is increased, the expansion of the compression ratio of equipment and the refrigerant overheating protection phenomenon of the compressor can be effectively avoided, and the gas temperature of the refrigerant gas is enabled to pass through the auxiliary water storage tank at the same time when the refrigerant gas passes through the auxiliary water storage tank The oil return of the second compressor is guaranteed by the improvement, and the temperature of the refrigerant gas is specifically improved to prevent the second compressor from being burnt out due to the fact that a large amount of lubricating oil remains on the pipe wall in the circulating flow process of the lubricating oil compressor discharged along with the refrigerant in the transmission pipeline to cause lubricating oil return difficulty. Certainly, the temperature control auxiliary pipeline can also absorb the heat of the water body in the second water tank through the second water tank to improve the temperature of the refrigerant gas.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, be equipped with exothermic subassembly in first water tank and the second water tank, exothermic subassembly is including the exothermic plate body of interval arrangement in proper order, connects through the semicircular exothermic body of double-end between the exothermic plate body, and exothermic plate body and exothermic body all adopt metal material preparation. The surface of the heat release plate body can be provided with uniformly distributed through holes, and the transmission pipeline sequentially penetrates through the heat release plate body. In the prior art, a transmission pipeline in a water tank is usually arranged in a zigzag shape, the length of a transmission path of a medium in the transmission pipeline in the water tank is prolonged, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the heat release effect of the transmission pipeline in the water tank is improved by arranging heat release components in a first water tank and a second water tank, specifically, the transmission pipeline sequentially penetrates through heat release plate bodies, heat in the transmission pipeline is not only released into water in the water tank but also transferred to the heat release plate bodies to enlarge the heat exchange area so as to improve the heat exchange rate of the medium in the transmission pipeline, the heat release plate bodies are connected through the heat release pipe bodies, so that the heat among the heat release plate bodies is balanced to facilitate the water body in the water tank to be heated evenly, and the adjacent heat release pipe bodies are connected by connecting the end parts of the heat release pipe bodies through double-head semicircular pipes so as to ensure that the heat is circularly transferred on the pipe bodies to be beneficial to the heat exchange with the water body, through the design, the invention shortens the transmission path of the transmission pipeline in the water tank and ensures that the heat of the medium in the transmission pipeline is effectively released, thereby effectively shortening the heating time of hot water and improving the energy efficiency of the device.
According to the technical scheme, the heat insulation sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the transmission pipeline, the second heat conduction wires spirally wound outside the transmission pipeline are distributed between the heat insulation sleeve and the transmission pipeline, and the first heat conduction wires parallel to the axis of the transmission pipeline are distributed on the inner side of the second heat conduction wires. The temperature of the medium in each section of the transmission pipeline varies due to different internal pressure, form and the like, and the medium has the problems of frosting of a certain section of pipe body on the transmission pipeline or overlarge temperature difference of the surface of each pipeline due to environmental influence, the temperature difference of the surfaces of pipelines at all places is reduced and the frosting phenomenon of the surfaces of the pipelines is prevented by sleeving a heat-insulating sleeve on a transmission pipeline, the first heat-conducting wires parallel to the axis of the transmission pipeline can be distributed on the surface of the transmission pipeline, so that the heat on the surface of the transmission pipeline is effectively absorbed by the first heat-conducting wires to avoid large energy loss, the first heat-conducting wires absorbing the heat conduct the heat linearly along the surface of the transmission pipeline to balance the heat on the surface of the transmission pipeline and reduce the temperature difference at each position, the second heat-conducting wires are arranged on the surfaces of the first heat-conducting wires in a surrounding mode to prevent the first heat-conducting wires from loosening and form secondary heat preservation protection on the surfaces of the transmission pipelines.
In the technical scheme, the first compressor of the first air source unit adopts a high-temperature refrigerant; the second compressor of the second air source unit uses a low temperature refrigerant. The invention prepares hot water by designing the mode of double air source units, the two air source units are mainly different in that the compressor can work at different environmental temperatures, specifically, the refrigerant adopted in the compressor is a low-temperature refrigerant or a high-temperature refrigerant, and the control unit automatically controls the starting of the corresponding air source unit under the condition of different environmental temperatures, thereby realizing intelligent control, avoiding the problem of thermophysical property change of the refrigerants of different compressors at high temperature and low temperature, and effectively improving the heating capacity and energy efficiency of the air source heat pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention prepares hot water by designing a double-air-source unit, and the two air-source units are mainly characterized in that the compressor can work at different environmental temperatures, particularly under the conditions of a low-temperature environment and a high-temperature environment, the control unit automatically controls to start the corresponding air-source unit under the conditions of different environmental temperatures, so that intelligent control is realized, the problem of thermophysical property change of refrigerants of different compressors at high temperature and low temperature is avoided, and the heating capacity and the energy efficiency of an air-source heat pump are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an air source heat pump for use in a low temperature environment in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first air source unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second air source unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the heat emitting assembly of the present invention in a second/first tank;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the exothermic assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the transmission pipeline to the first expansion valve/second expansion valve;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the transmission pipeline with the insulating sheath, the first heat-conducting wires and the second heat-conducting wires;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the external structure of the auxiliary water storage tank of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the auxiliary water storage tank of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a comparison diagram of the air source heat pump of the present invention and the prior art of the DC frequency conversion heat pump;
fig. 11 is a comparison diagram of the heating capacity of the air source heat pump of the present invention and the conventional dc frequency conversion heat pump.
Reference numerals: 100-a control unit; 200-a first air source unit; 300-a second air source unit; 10-a main water storage tank; 11-a transmission drain pipe; 12-a first control valve; 13-a transmission water inlet pipe; 20-a first compressor; 21-a first temperature detector; 22-a first heat exchange tube; 23-a first expansion valve; 24-a first water tank; 30-a second compressor; 31-a second temperature detector; 32-a second control valve; 33-a second heat exchange tube; 34-a second expansion valve; 35-a second water tank; 36-a third control valve; 37-temperature control auxiliary pipeline; 38-a fourth control valve; 40-a transmission pipeline; 50-a heat-emitting component; 51-a heat-emitting plate body; 52-heat-releasing pipe body; 60-insulating sleeves; 61-a first thermally conductive filament; 62-second heat-conducting wires; 70-auxiliary water storage tank; 71-a heat collector; 72-first assembly hole; 73-a light-gathering cover body; 74-a lens; 75-a second assembly hole; 76-connecting rod body; 77-water storage auxiliary pipe body; 78-a light collection plate; 79-water permeable through holes; 80 a first detector.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings:
example 1:
referring to the drawings of the specification, fig. 1-9 show an air source heat pump for use in a low temperature environment, comprising: the air source unit comprises a first air source unit 200 and a second air source unit 300, the first air source unit 200 and the second air source unit 300 are respectively connected with and controlled by a control unit 100, the first air source unit 200 comprises a first water tank 24, the second air source unit 300 comprises a second water tank 35, the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 are respectively communicated with a main water storage tank 10 through a transmission drain pipe 11, an auxiliary water storage tank 70 is respectively arranged on the lateral sides of the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35, a transparent and convex light gathering cover body 73 is covered on the upper end of the auxiliary water storage tank 70, a lens 74 for gathering light is arranged in the middle of the light gathering cover body 73, a heat gathering part 71 is arranged in the center of the upper part of the auxiliary water storage tank 70, the heat gathering part 71 is connected with the inner wall of the auxiliary water storage tank 70 through a connecting rod body 76 on the lateral side, an arc-shaped light gathering plate 78 with an inward concave inner cross section is arranged below the heat gathering part 71, and water through holes 79 are arranged on the light gathering plate 79. The heat collecting member 71 is a heat conducting metal member, such as copper or aluminum, and the transmission drain pipe 11 is provided with a first control valve 12, and the first control valve 12 is connected to the control unit 100. The invention prepares hot water by designing a double air source unit, the two air source units are mainly characterized in that the compressor can work under different environmental temperatures, particularly under the conditions of low-temperature environment and high-temperature environment, the control unit 100 automatically controls to start the corresponding air source unit under the conditions of different environmental temperatures, intelligent control is realized, the problem of thermal property change of refrigerants of different compressors under high temperature and low temperature is avoided, the heating capacity and energy efficiency of an air source heat pump are effectively improved, in order to improve the heating efficiency of hot water and heat water bodies by diversified utilization of energy, the auxiliary water storage tank 70 is respectively communicated with the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35, so that the water storage capacity of the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 can be enlarged, after the heated water bodies in the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 are discharged, the auxiliary water storage tank 70 can supply water to the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 at the first time, the problem that water supply speed is too slow due to insufficient water supply pressure of water supply on a high floor or water supply failure can be avoided, natural light is condensed by the aid of the condensing cover body 73 and the condensing lens 74 arranged at the upper end of the auxiliary water storage tank 70, particularly sunlight is condensed to irradiate the heat collecting piece 71 in the auxiliary water storage tank 70, the temperature of the heat collecting piece 71 is continuously increased, and water bodies near the heat collecting piece 71 are heated, so that damage of the auxiliary water storage tank 70 caused by irradiation of the condensed light is avoided, heating of the water bodies is also achieved by the aid of the sunlight, another water body heating scheme is provided in a cold north, heating time of the water bodies after the auxiliary water storage tank 70 is sent into the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 is indirectly shortened by means of heating of the water bodies in the auxiliary water storage tank 70, a condensing plate 78 opposite to the arc surface of the condensing cover body 73 is arranged in the auxiliary water storage tank 70, and water through holes 79 are formed in the surface of the auxiliary water storage tank 70, water storage tank is guaranteed to normally flow up and down in the auxiliary water storage tank 70, and condensed light is prevented from passing through excessive water through the water through holes 79 79 are scattered to the lower part in the auxiliary water storage tank 70 to reduce the condensation heating effect, part of light rays scattered to the inner wall direction of the auxiliary water storage tank 70 through the condensation cover body 73 and the condensation lens 74 can deviate from the condensation point to cause the efficiency of the condensation heating heat collection piece 71 to be reduced, the light rays scattered to the inner wall direction of the auxiliary water storage tank 70 along the deviation condensation path are contacted with the condensation plate 78 to form reflection to change the transmission path of the light rays to irradiate the bottom of the heat collection piece 71, the problem of the reduction of the condensation heating efficiency caused by the deviation of the condensation light rays is solved, the upper part and the lower part of the heat collection piece 71 are relatively comprehensively heated, the heat collection piece 71 is ensured to be heated at different positions in a balanced temperature manner so as to uniformly heat water bodies of different water layers in the auxiliary water storage tank 70, and the heating capacity and the energy efficiency of the air source heat pump are also effectively improved.
The number of the auxiliary water storage tanks 70 is two, and the first water tank 24 of the first air source unit 200 and the auxiliary water storage tank 70 are connected in the following manner: the upper end side of the first water tank 24 is communicated with the top of the auxiliary water storage tank 70 through a water storage auxiliary pipe body 77; the second water tank 35 and the secondary water storage tank 70 in the second air source unit 300 are connected in the following manner: the side of the upper end of the second water tank 35 is communicated with the top of the auxiliary water storage tank 70 through a water storage auxiliary pipe body 77; the condensation cover body 73 is provided with a first assembly hole 72 assembled with the water storage auxiliary pipe body 77, the height of the water storage level in the auxiliary water storage tank 70 is lower than the height of the water storage levels of the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35, and a control valve is arranged on a pipe body of the auxiliary water storage tank 70 in the first air source unit 200, which is communicated and connected with the first water tank 24 through the pipe body; the other secondary water storage tank 70 in the second air source unit 300 is provided with a control valve on a pipe body communicated and connected with the second water tank 35 through a pipe body.
The mode of setting the water storage level of the auxiliary water tank 70 lower than the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 can realize that the valve on the pipe body at the bottom end of the auxiliary water tank 70 is closed in the water inlet process of the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35, so that the full water in the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 naturally flows into the auxiliary water tank 70 through the water storage auxiliary pipe 77 due to the water difference height, the problem of excessive water pressure in the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 caused by excessive water flushing of the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 is effectively prevented by omitting excessive water pumps, after the water in the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 is heated and is sent into the main water tank 10, the control unit 100 controls the valve at the bottom pipe body of the auxiliary water tank 70 communicated with the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 to be opened to send the water in the auxiliary water tank 70 into the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 until the water levels in the left and right water tanks are consistent, that is, part of the water is still retained in the auxiliary water storage tank 70, so that the water in the auxiliary water storage tank 70 can be continuously supplemented after the water in the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 is used up, the water is prevented from being burnt possibly caused by the fact that the water is completely used up due to the fact that all the water is sent into the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 at one time, the water in the auxiliary water storage tank 70 is heated by adopting a light gathering scheme, a preheating effect is achieved, and the heating time and the energy consumption for heating the water in the first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35 can be reduced.
The first air source unit 200 further comprises a first compressor 20, a first expansion valve 23 and a first heat exchange pipe 22, the first compressor 20 is communicated with the first water tank 24 through a transmission pipeline 40, the transmission pipeline 40 penetrates through the first water tank 24 and is communicated with the first expansion valve 23, the first expansion valve 23 is communicated with the first heat exchange pipe 22 through the transmission pipeline 40, the first heat exchange pipe 22 is communicated with the first compressor 20 through the transmission pipeline 40, and a first temperature detector 21 is arranged on the transmission pipeline 40 for communicating the first compressor 20 with the first heat exchange pipe 22. The first temperature detector 21 and the first compressor 20 are connected to the control unit 100. The medium gas with high temperature and high pressure obtained by the first compressor 20 is subjected to heat exchange in the process of passing through the first water tank 24, heat is released into the first water tank 24 to heat the water body, the gas after heat exchange is condensed into medium liquid which enters the first expansion valve 23, the pressure of the medium liquid is reduced, the medium liquid with reduced pressure is evaporated to form medium gas and enters the first heat exchange pipe 22 to absorb the heat in the environment and is stored in the medium gas, the medium gas absorbing the heat enters the first compressor 20 to compress the medium gas, the water body in the first water tank 24 is continuously heated in this way until the water body is heated to a set water temperature and then is sent into the main water storage tank 10, the first temperature detection 21 is arranged on the first heat exchange pipe 22 and the transmission pipe 40 of the first compressor 20 to detect the temperature of the medium gas, and the control unit 100 judges which air source unit is started to heat the water body, the phenomena of expansion of the compression ratio of equipment and overheating protection of a compressor under the condition of excessively low outdoor environment temperature are avoided, and the heat pump efficiency is limited due to the fact that the heat source difference is expanded.
The second air source unit 300 further comprises a second compressor 30, a second expansion valve 34 and a second heat exchange pipe 33, the second compressor 30 is communicated with the second water tank 35 through a transmission pipeline 40, the transmission pipeline 40 penetrates through the second water tank 35 and is communicated with the second expansion valve 34, the second expansion valve 34 is communicated with the second heat exchange pipe 33 through the transmission pipeline 40, the second heat exchange pipe 33 is communicated with the second compressor 30 through the transmission pipeline 40, and a second temperature detector 31 is arranged on the transmission pipeline 40 for communicating the second compressor 30 and the second heat exchange pipe 33. The second temperature detector 31 and the second compressor 30 are connected to the control unit 100. The medium gas with high temperature and high pressure obtained by the second compressor 30 is subjected to heat exchange in the process of passing through the second water tank 35, heat is released into the second water tank 35 to heat the water body, the gas after heat exchange is condensed into medium liquid which enters the second expansion valve 34, the pressure of the medium liquid is reduced, the medium liquid with reduced pressure is evaporated to form medium gas and enters the second heat exchange pipe 33 to absorb the heat in the environment and is stored in the medium gas, the medium gas absorbing the heat enters the second compressor 30 to compress the medium gas, the water body in the second water tank 35 is continuously heated in this way until the water body is heated to a set water temperature and then is sent into the main water storage tank 10, the second temperature detection 31 is arranged on the second heat exchange pipe 33 and the transmission pipe 40 of the second compressor 30 to detect the temperature of the medium gas, and the control unit 100 judges which air source unit is started to heat the water body, the phenomena of expansion of the compression ratio of equipment and overheating protection of a compressor under the condition of excessively low outdoor environment temperature are avoided, and the heat source is likely to have difference expansion to limit the heat pump efficiency.
The transmission pipeline 40 for communicating the second compressor 30 and the second heat exchange pipe 33 is also provided with a second control valve 32, the transmission pipelines 40 at the front end and the rear end of the second control valve 32 are respectively communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary water storage tank 70 through the temperature control auxiliary pipelines 37, the pipe orifices of the two temperature control auxiliary pipelines 37 are respectively communicated in the auxiliary water storage tank 70, and the temperature control auxiliary pipelines 37 at the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary water storage tank 70 are respectively provided with a third control valve 36 and a fourth control valve 38. The third control valve 36 and the fourth control valve 38 are respectively connected to the control unit 100, the second control valve 32 is connected to the control unit 100, and the light-gathering cover 73 is provided with a second assembling hole 75 assembled with the temperature control sub-pipe 37. The second compressor 30 of the second air source unit 300 uses low temperature refrigerant, the control unit 100 controls the second air source unit 300 to work in low temperature environment, such as winter in north, but the absorbed environmental heat may be lower in low temperature environment, the temperature of the refrigerant gas entering the second compressor 30 is detected by the second temperature detector 31, the control unit 100 controls the second control valve 32 to open or close, when the temperature of the refrigerant gas entering the second compressor 30 is lower than the set temperature, the control unit 100 controls the second control valve 32 to close and simultaneously opens the fourth control valve 38, so that the refrigerant gas absorbing the environmental heat flows through the auxiliary water storage tank 70 through the temperature control auxiliary pipeline 37, the temperature of the refrigerant gas is further increased by using the water heated by the sunlight in the auxiliary water storage tank 70, so as to increase the temperature of the refrigerant gas entering the second compressor 30, the expansion of the compression ratio of the equipment and the overheating protection of the compressor can be effectively avoided, meanwhile, the oil return of the second compressor 30 is ensured by the refrigerant gas through the auxiliary water storage tank 70 by improving the temperature of the refrigerant gas, and the temperature of the refrigerant gas is specifically improved to prevent a large amount of lubricating oil from remaining on the pipe wall of the lubricating oil compressor discharged by the second compressor 30 along with the refrigerant in the circulating flow process of the lubricating oil compressor in the transmission pipeline 40 to cause the burning-out of the compressor due to the difficult oil return of the lubricating oil. Of course, the temperature control sub-pipe 37 can also absorb the heat of the water in the second water tank 35 through the second water tank 35 to increase the temperature of the refrigerant gas.
Be equipped with exothermic subassembly 50 in first water tank 24 and the second water tank 35, exothermic subassembly 50 is connected through the heat release body 52 of double-end semicircle between the heat release plate body 51 including the heat release plate body 51 of interval arrangement in proper order, and heat release plate body 51 and heat release body 52 all adopt metal material preparation. The surface of the heat releasing plate body 51 can be provided with uniformly distributed through holes, and the transmission pipeline 40 sequentially passes through the heat releasing plate body 51. In the prior art, a transmission pipeline in a water tank is usually arranged in a zigzag shape, the length of a transmission path of a medium in the transmission pipeline 40 in the water tank is prolonged, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the heat release effect of the transmission pipeline 40 in the water tank is improved by arranging heat release assemblies 50 in a first water tank 24 and a second water tank 35, specifically, the transmission pipeline 40 sequentially penetrates through heat release plate bodies 51, heat in the transmission pipeline 40 is not only released into water in the water tank but also transferred to the heat release plate bodies 51 to enlarge the heat exchange area so as to improve the heat exchange rate of the medium in the transmission pipeline 40, the heat release plate bodies 51 are connected through the heat release pipe bodies 52, so that the heat among the heat release plate bodies 51 is balanced to facilitate the water body heating balance in the water tank, the adjacent heat release pipe bodies 52 are connected in a mode that the end parts of the heat release pipe bodies 52 are connected by double-head semicircular pipes, so that the heat can be circularly transferred on the pipe bodies to facilitate the heat exchange with the water body, through the design, the invention shortens the transmission path of the transmission pipeline 40 in the water tank and ensures that the heat of the medium in the transmission pipeline 40 is effectively released, thus effectively shortening the heating time of hot water and improving the energy efficiency of the device.
The outer side of the transmission pipeline 40 is sleeved with a heat insulation sleeve 60, a second heat conduction wire 62 spirally wound outside the transmission pipeline 40 is arranged between the heat insulation sleeve 60 and the transmission pipeline 40, and a first heat conduction wire 61 parallel to the axis of the transmission pipeline 40 is arranged on the inner side of the second heat conduction wire 62. The temperature of the medium in each section of the transmission pipeline 40 varies due to different internal pressures, forms and the like, and in addition, due to the environmental influence, the problem that a certain section of the pipeline body on the transmission pipeline 40 is frosted or the temperature difference of the surface of each pipeline is too large, the temperature difference of the surface of each pipeline is reduced and the frosting phenomenon of the surface of the pipeline is prevented by sleeving the heat-insulating sleeve 60 on the transmission pipeline 40, the first heat-conducting wires 61 parallel to the axis of the transmission pipeline 40 can be distributed on the surface of the transmission pipeline 40, so that the heat on the surface of the transmission pipeline 40 is effectively absorbed by the first heat-conducting wires 61 to avoid large energy loss, the first heat-conducting wires 61 absorbing the heat conduct the heat linearly along the surface of the transmission pipeline 40 to balance the heat on the surface of the transmission pipeline 40, reduce the temperature difference at each position, the second heat-conducting wires 62 are arranged on the surface of the first heat-conducting wires 61 in a surrounding manner to prevent the first heat-conducting wires 61 from loosening and form secondary heat preservation protection on the surface of the transmission pipeline 40.
The first compressor 20 of the first air source unit 200 uses a high temperature refrigerant; the second compressor 30 of the second air source unit 300 uses a low-temperature refrigerant. The invention prepares hot water by designing a double-air-source unit, the two air-source units are mainly different in that the compressor can work at different environmental temperatures, specifically, the refrigerant adopted in the compressor is a low-temperature refrigerant or a high-temperature refrigerant, and the control unit 100 automatically controls the starting of the corresponding air-source unit under different environmental temperatures, so that the intelligent control is realized, the problem of thermophysical property change of the refrigerants of different compressors at high temperature and low temperature is avoided, and the heating capacity and the energy efficiency of the air-source heat pump are effectively improved.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, the following optimization scheme is implemented on the basis of embodiment 1, wherein the first detectors 80 are respectively disposed in the first water tank 24, the second water tank 35, the main water storage tank 10 and the auxiliary water storage tank 70 for detecting the water temperature in the above-mentioned tank body in real time, and the first detectors 80 in the first water tank 24, the second water tank 35, the main water storage tank 10 and the auxiliary water storage tank 70 are respectively connected with the control unit 100, so as to send the water temperature data in each tank body to the control unit 100 in real time, and the control unit determines and controls the opening of each control valve to send the water body into the main water storage tank 10 for the user to use.
Compared with the existing direct-current variable-frequency heat pump, the air source heat pump is superior to the existing direct-current variable-frequency heat pump in performance, and the specific technology is shown in figure 10, the air source heat pump is compared with a full-load heating capacity percentage of an 8hp direct-current variable-frequency R22 model of a certain international brand, and the air source heat pump has the characteristics of low power and large heat capacity and can efficiently run in low-temperature and high-temperature environments, and the specific heating capacity is shown in figure 11.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An air-source heat pump for use in low temperature environments, comprising: the solar energy water heater comprises a first air source unit (200) and a second air source unit (300), wherein the first air source unit (200) and the second air source unit (300) are respectively connected with a control unit (100) and controlled by the control unit, the first air source unit (200) comprises a first water tank (24), the second air source unit (300) comprises a second water tank (35), the first water tank (24) and the second water tank (35) are respectively communicated with a main water storage tank (10) through a transmission drain pipe (11), an auxiliary water storage tank (70) is respectively arranged on the lateral sides of the first water tank (24) and the second water tank (35), a transparent convex condensation cover body (73) covers the upper end of the auxiliary water storage tank (70), a lens (74) for condensation is arranged in the middle of the condensation cover body (73), a heat collecting piece (71) is arranged in the center of the upper portion of the auxiliary water storage tank (70), and the lateral sides of the heat collecting piece (71) are connected with the inner wall of the auxiliary water storage tank (70) through a connecting rod body (76), an arc-shaped light gathering plate (78) with an inner concave section is arranged below the heat collecting piece (71), and water permeable through holes (79) are formed in the light gathering plate (79).
2. The air-source heat pump for use in low temperature environments as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the number of the auxiliary water storage tanks (70) is two,
the first water tank (24) in the first air source unit (200) and the auxiliary water storage tank (70) are connected in the following way: the side of the upper end of the first water tank (24) is communicated with the top of the auxiliary water storage tank (70) through a water storage auxiliary pipe body (77);
the connection mode of a second water tank (35) and an auxiliary water storage tank (70) in the second air source unit (300) is as follows: the side of the upper end of the second water tank (35) is communicated with the top of the auxiliary water storage tank (70) through a water storage auxiliary pipe body (77);
the condensation cover body (73) is provided with a first assembly hole (72) assembled with the water storage auxiliary pipe body (77), the water storage level in the auxiliary water storage tank (70) is lower than the water storage level of the first water tank (24) and the second water tank (35),
a secondary water storage tank (70) in the first air source unit (200) is communicated with the first water tank (24) through a pipe body, and a control valve is arranged on the pipe body connected with the first water tank;
and the other auxiliary water storage tank (70) in the second air source unit (300) is communicated with the second water tank (35) through a pipe body, and a control valve is arranged on the pipe body connected with the second water tank.
3. The air-source heat pump for use in low temperature environments as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the first air source unit (200) further comprises a first compressor (20), a first expansion valve (23) and a first heat exchange pipe (22), the first compressor (20) is communicated with the first water tank (24) through a transmission pipeline (40), the transmission pipeline (40) penetrates through the first water tank (24) to be communicated with the first expansion valve (23), the first expansion valve (23) is communicated with the first heat exchange pipe (22) through the transmission pipeline (40), the first heat exchange pipe (22) is communicated with the first compressor (20) through the transmission pipeline (40) and is used for being communicated with a first temperature detector (21) arranged on the transmission pipeline (40) of the first compressor (20) and the first heat exchange pipe (22).
4. The air-source heat pump for use in low temperature environments as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the second air source unit (300) further comprises a second compressor (30), a second expansion valve (34) and a second heat exchange pipe (33), the second compressor (30) is communicated with a second water tank (35) through a transmission pipeline (40), the transmission pipeline (40) penetrates through the second water tank (35) and is communicated with the second expansion valve (34), the second expansion valve (34) is communicated with the second heat exchange pipe (33) through the transmission pipeline (40), the second heat exchange pipe (33) is communicated with the second compressor (30) through the transmission pipeline (40) and is used for being provided with a second temperature detector (31) on the transmission pipeline (40) for communicating the second compressor (30) with the second heat exchange pipe (33).
5. The air-source heat pump for use in low temperature environments as set forth in claim 4, wherein: a second control valve (32) is further arranged on a transmission pipeline (40) used for communicating the second compressor (30) and the second heat exchange pipe (33), the transmission pipelines (40) at the front end and the rear end of the second control valve (32) are respectively communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary water storage tank (70) through a temperature control auxiliary pipeline (37), pipe orifices of the two temperature control auxiliary pipelines (37) are communicated in the auxiliary water storage tank (70), and a third control valve (36) and a fourth control valve (38) are respectively arranged on the temperature control auxiliary pipelines (37) at the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary water storage tank (70).
6. The air-source heat pump for use in low temperature environments as set forth in claim 1, wherein: be equipped with exothermic subassembly (50) in first water tank (24) and second water tank (35), exothermic subassembly (50) are including the exothermic plate body (51) of interval arrangement in proper order, connect through double-end semicircle exothermic body (52) between exothermic plate body (51), exothermic plate body (51) and exothermic body (52) all adopt metal material preparation.
7. An air-source heat pump for use in low temperature environments as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the outer side of the transmission pipeline (40) is sleeved with a heat insulation sleeve (60), second heat-conducting wires (62) spirally wound outside the transmission pipeline (40) are arranged between the heat insulation sleeve (60) and the transmission pipeline (40), and first heat-conducting wires (61) parallel to the axis of the transmission pipeline (40) are arranged on the inner side of the second heat-conducting wires (62).
8. An air-source heat pump for use in low temperature environments as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein:
the first compressor (20) of the first air source unit (200) uses a high temperature refrigerant;
the second compressor (30) of the second air source unit (300) uses a low temperature refrigerant.
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| CN114322307B (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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Application publication date: 20220412 Assignee: Langfang Lianyuan New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Gu'an Shuocheng Gas Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023990000723 Denomination of invention: Air source heat pumps for low-temperature environments Granted publication date: 20220722 License type: Common License Record date: 20230720 |