CN114321312B - Differential planetary roller screw pair, assembly tool and assembly process - Google Patents
Differential planetary roller screw pair, assembly tool and assembly process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical assembly, and discloses a differential planetary roller screw pair, an assembly tool and an assembly process, wherein a plurality of rollers are arranged between a screw and a nut, the rollers are uniformly distributed around the screw through a retainer and are in threaded engagement with the screw, and elastic check rings are clamped at two ends of the nut to limit the axial movement of the rollers and the retainer; the roller is divided into five sections, the nut is divided into five sections, the thread pitches of the screw rod, the roller and the nut are equal, the screw rod is in thread engagement with the middle section of the roller, and the threads of the middle two sections inside the nut are in thread engagement with the threads of the middle two sections of the roller. Different rollers are required to be placed at different phases when the lead of the lead screw is different, the rollers have five different placing phases according to different starting points of threads of the middle section of the meshed roller and the lead screw, and the phase difference of two adjacent rollers is a quarter of the lead. The invention realizes radial adjustment and uniform distribution of all the rollers in the roller mounting process and ensures smooth screwing of the screw rod during assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical assembly, in particular to an assembled tooling for assembling a planetary roller screw pair.
Background
Compared with a common ball screw pair, the planetary roller screw pair has the characteristics of higher bearing capacity and impact resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, weaponry, robots and the like. The planetary roller screw pair has various structural forms such as standard type, reverse type, circulating type, differential type and the like. Compared with a standard planetary roller screw pair, the differential planetary roller screw pair can obtain smaller lead, and because an inner gear ring is not required to be installed on the structure, gears are not required to be processed at two ends of the roller, the structure is more compact, the power density is high in performance, and the transmission is more stable. Due to the structural particularity, the assembly of the differential planetary roller screw pair needs to be correspondingly provided with a special tool, so that the uniform arrangement of the rollers and the smooth screwing of the rollers and the screw in the assembly process are realized. At present, the application of differential type planetary roller screw pairs is not common in China, and the research on assembly tools is still in the theoretical design stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a differential planetary roller screw pair, an assembly tool and an assembly process, which realize radial adjustment in the roller installation process, realize correct meshing of all rollers and nuts, realize uniform distribution of all rollers and ensure smooth screwing and closing of the screw during assembly.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the differential planetary roller screw pair is characterized by comprising a screw, rollers, a nut, a retainer and elastic check rings, wherein a plurality of rollers are arranged between the screw and the nut, the rollers are uniformly distributed around the screw through the retainer and are meshed with the screw threads, and the elastic check rings are clamped at two ends of the nut to limit the axial movement of the rollers and the retainer; the roller is divided into five sections, the middle three sections are annular threads, the thread diameter of the middle section is larger than that of the middle two sections, and the two sections on the outermost side are end heads without threads and are matched with the retainer; the nut is divided into five sections, the inner diameter of the middle section in the nut is large, the nut is a unthreaded hole without threads and is not in contact with the roller, the inner diameters of the middle two sections in the nut are smaller than the inner diameter of the middle section in the nut, the inner threads are annular grooves, and the two sections on the outermost side of the nut are provided with elastic retainer grooves which are unthreaded holes; the thread pitches of the screw rod, the roller and the nut are equal, the screw rod is in thread engagement with the middle section of the roller, and the threads of the middle two sections in the nut are in thread engagement with the threads of the middle two sections of the roller.
Further, the lead of the screw rod is different, so that the rollers have five different placing phases, the phases move from left to right sequentially according to the starting points of threads of middle sections of the meshed rollers and the screw rod, and the phase difference between two adjacent rollers is one fourth of the lead.
Further, the number of the lead screws is single-headed or multi-headed.
Furthermore, the screw is a single-head screw, the rollers are uniformly distributed around the screw through a retainer and are in threaded engagement with the screw, eight rollers are placed in one circumference of the screw to form eight phases, the eight rollers are sequentially a roller on a first phase, a roller on a second phase, a roller on a third phase, a roller on a fourth phase, a roller on a fifth phase, a roller on a sixth phase, a roller on a seventh phase and a roller on an eighth phase, and the lead of the screw is one thread pitch; the rollers on the eighth phase and the rollers on the second phase, the rollers on the seventh phase and the rollers on the third phase, and the rollers on the sixth phase and the rollers on the fourth phase are different from each other only in that the rollers in the three groups need to be turned up and down by 180 degrees during installation.
Furthermore, the screw is a double-head screw, eight rollers are placed in one circumference of the screw to form eight phases, the eight phases are sequentially a roller on a first phase, a roller on a second phase, a roller on a third phase, a roller on a fourth phase, a roller on a fifth phase, a roller on a sixth phase, a roller on a seventh phase and a roller on an eighth phase, and the lead of the screw is twice the thread pitch; the rollers on the fourth phase and the second phase, the rollers on the fifth phase and the first phase, and the rollers on the seventh phase and the rollers on the third phase are different only in that the three groups of rollers need to be turned over by 180 degrees up and down during installation; the mounting direction of the roller on the sixth phase is consistent with that of the roller on the second phase; the roller on the eighth phase is arranged in the same direction as the roller on the fourth phase.
The assembly process of the differential planetary roller screw pair comprises a tool holder, a tool base, a tool mandrel and a tool screw guide, and is characterized in that
1) A tool base and a tool retainer are arranged at one end of the nut and are vertically placed on an assembly platform;
2) vertically placing the rollers into the nut holes one by one according to the phase sequence; the roller is pushed to be tightly attached to the thread of the nut along the guide groove of the tool holder, and the roller is slowly rotated in the attaching process, so that the roller is tightly attached to the thread of the nut, and the bottom surface of the roller is also tightly attached to the tool base; the tool mandrel is arranged, so that the roller is tightly attached to the internal thread of the nut and the gear ring in the radial direction, and the roller is supported by the tool mandrel and does not incline towards the axis direction of the nut;
3) the retainer at the upper end of the nut is arranged and is fixed by an elastic retainer ring for a hole, so that the upper side assembly is completed;
4) the mounting tool base and the nut are kept in a fit state, and the whole body is turned over for 180 degrees; taking down the fixture base and the fixture retainer, and installing the lower end retainer and the elastic retainer ring for the hole;
5) slowly pushing out the tool core shaft, and guiding and screwing the tool lead screw into the inner hole of the nut; and coating lubricating grease on the surface of the lead screw, and guiding the lead screw by using a tool lead screw to slowly rotate the lead screw so that the lead screw rotates to enter the nut, thereby completing the assembly of the lead screw and the nut.
Further, the tool mandrel is a polytetrafluoroethylene rod or a soft metal rod, and the length of the tool mandrel is shorter than the axial length of the nut.
Further, the hole matched with the roller in the tool holder is a semicircular hole and is provided with an opening, and the opening faces the center.
Further, the tool base is in clearance fit with the end face of the nut.
Further, the guiding of the tool lead screw is a polytetrafluoroethylene rod or a soft metal rod, and the length of the tool lead screw is greater than the length of the thread of the lead screw.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the tool is simple in structure and convenient to operate;
the tooling cost is low, and the size of the tooling can be adjusted according to lead screw pairs with different specifications and sizes;
realizing radial adjustment in the roller mounting process;
fourthly, the correct meshing of all the rollers and the nuts can be quickly realized;
the uniform distribution of all the rollers is realized, and the smooth screwing of the screw rod during assembly is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional model view of a differential planetary roller screw pair;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tooling base;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tooling cage;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tooling mandrel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a tooling lead screw guide;
FIG. 6 is a comparison of 5 different phase rollers;
FIG. 7 is an eight roller position view of a mating single head screw;
FIG. 8 is an eight roller position view of a mating double-ended lead screw;
FIG. 9 is one of the assembly process schematic diagrams of the differential planetary roller screw pair;
FIG. 10 is a second schematic view of the assembly process of the differential planetary roller screw pair;
FIG. 11 is a third schematic view of the assembly process of the differential planetary roller screw pair;
FIG. 12 is a fourth schematic view of the assembly process of the differential planetary roller screw pair;
FIG. 13 is a fifth schematic view of the assembly process of the differential planetary roller screw pair;
FIG. 14 is a sixth schematic view of the assembly process of the differential planetary roller screw pair.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the main structural form of the differential planetary roller screw pair includes a screw 1, rollers 2, a nut 3, a retainer 4 and a circlip 5. A plurality of rollers 2 are arranged between the screw rod 1 and the nut 3, and the rollers 2 are uniformly distributed around the screw rod through a retainer 4. The elastic retainer rings 5 are clamped at two ends of the nut to limit the axial movement of the roller 2 and the retainer 4.
The screw rod 1 can be made into a single-head thread or a multi-head thread form, and other parts can be designed according to functional requirements except screwing thread sections. The figure shows only the threaded segment portion.
The roller 2 is divided into five sections, the middle three sections are annular threads, the diameter of the threads at the middle section is large, and the diameters of the threads at the two sides are small. The outermost two sections are designed as unthreaded ends for cooperation with the cage 4.
The nut 3 is divided into five sections, the inner diameter of the middle section inside the nut 3 is larger, the nut is designed into a unthreaded hole without threads and is not in contact with the roller 2, the inner diameters of the middle section inside the nut 3 are smaller than that of the middle section, the nut is designed with internal threads, and the threads are annular grooves. Two sections at the outermost side of the nut 3 are designed into unthreaded holes and elastic retainer grooves for mounting a retainer 4 and an elastic retainer ring 5.
The screw threads of the screw rod 1, the roller 2 and the nut 3 are designed to be equal in thread pitch, the screw rod 1 is in threaded engagement with the middle section of the roller 2, and the screw threads of the middle section inside the nut 3 are in threaded engagement with the screw threads of the middle section of the roller 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the structural design of the tooling base 6 should ensure a clearance fit with the end face of the nut.
As shown in fig. 3, the structure of the tool holder 7 is designed to be similar to the shape of the holder 4, but the hole matched with the roller inside is different from that of the holder 4, and is a semicircular hole plus opening structure, and the opening faces to the center, so that the roller 2 can be conveniently installed.
As shown in fig. 4, the tool core shaft 8 is designed to be a teflon rod or a soft metal rod, the length thereof is designed to be substantially equal to the axial length of the nut 3 and slightly shorter, and the outer diameter thereof is designed to ensure smooth placement of the rollers during installation.
As shown in fig. 5, the tool screw guide 9 is designed as a teflon rod or a soft metal rod, the length of the tool screw guide is designed to be equal to the thread length of the screw 1, and the outer diameter of the tool screw guide is designed to be the same as that of the tool mandrel 8.
As shown in fig. 6, the rollers are uniformly arranged around the screw and are engaged with the screw thread, and the lead of the screw is different, so different rollers need to be arranged at different phases, the main difference of the 5 different phase rollers is that the starting points of the middle section threads engaged with the screw are different, the starting points move from left to right in sequence, and the phase difference between two adjacent rollers is a quarter of the lead.
As shown in fig. 7, roller placement case one:
the lead screw is a single-head lead screw, 8 rollers are arranged in one circle and sequentially comprise 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3 and 2.2, and the lead screw lead is designed into a screw pitch. The difference between the rear phase roller 2.2 and the front phase roller 2.2 is that the installation requires the upside down. In the same way, the rollers 2.3 and 2.4 are installed as the rollers 2.2.
As shown in fig. 8, roller placement case two:
the lead screw is a double-end lead screw, 8 rollers are arranged in one circle and sequentially comprise 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, 2.3, 2.1, 2.3, 2.5 and 2.3, and the lead screw is designed to be twice of thread pitch. The difference between the rear phase roller 2.3 and the front phase roller 2.3 is that the installation requires the upside down. In this case, four rollers 2.3 are placed, wherein the 2 nd and 4 th rollers are in the same up-down orientation, and the 1 st and 3 rd rollers are in the same up-down orientation. In the same way, the rollers 2.1 and 2.5 are mounted as the rollers 2.3.
As shown in fig. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, the assembly process of the differential planetary roller screw pair mainly comprises the design requirements of various assembly tooling parts; assembling process and using method of each tool part; considerations and requirements during assembly.
The assembly process of the differential roller screw pair comprises the following steps:
1) and cleaning all parts of the screw pair qualified by inspection, and coating aviation lubricating grease on the matching surfaces of the roller and the retainer. The tooling base 6 and tooling holder 7 are loaded into one end of the nut and placed vertically on the assembly platform as shown in figure 9.
2) Vertically placing the rollers into the nut holes one by one according to the phase sequence; the roller is pushed to be tightly attached to the thread of the nut along the guide groove of the tool holder, and the roller is slowly rotated in the attaching process, so that the roller is tightly attached to the thread of the nut, and the bottom surface of the roller is also tightly attached to the tool base 6. And (3) loading the tool mandrel 8, enabling the roller to be tightly attached to the internal thread of the nut and the gear ring in the radial direction, and enabling the tool mandrel 8 to support the roller not to incline towards the axis direction of the nut, as shown in figure 10.
3) The upper end retainer 4 of the nut is fitted and the retainer is fixed by the circlip 5 for hole, and the upper side assembly is completed as shown in fig. 11.
4) Keeping the mounting tool base and the nut in a fit state, and turning the whole body by 180 degrees; the tool base 6 and the tool holder 7 are removed, and the lower holder and the circlip for hole are installed, as shown in fig. 12.
5) Slowly pushing out the tool mandrel 8, and screwing the tool lead screw guide 9 into the inner hole of the nut; the surface of the screw was greased, guided by a fixture screw, and the screw was rotated slowly into the nut, as shown in fig. 13.
6) The assembly of the lead screw and nut is completed as shown in fig. 14.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A differential planet roller screw pair is characterized by comprising a screw, rollers, a nut, a retainer and elastic check rings, wherein a plurality of rollers are arranged between the screw and the nut, the rollers are uniformly distributed around the screw through the retainer and are in threaded engagement with the screw, and the elastic check rings are clamped at two ends of the nut to limit the axial movement of the rollers and the retainer; the roller is divided into five sections, the middle three sections are annular threads, the thread diameter of the middle section is larger than that of the middle two sections, and the outermost two sections are end heads without threads and are matched with the retainer; the nut is divided into five sections, the inner diameter of the middle section in the nut is the largest, the middle section is a unthreaded hole without threads and is not in contact with the roller, the inner diameters of the middle two sections in the nut are smaller than the inner diameter of the middle section in the nut, the inner threads are annular grooves, and the two sections at the outermost side of the nut are provided with elastic retainer grooves which are unthreaded holes; the thread pitches of the screw rod, the roller and the nut are equal, the screw rod is in threaded engagement with the middle section of the roller, and the threads of the middle two sections in the nut are in threaded engagement with the threads of the middle two sections of the roller;
Wherein the number of the lead screws is single-head or multi-head; the lead of the screw rod is different, so that the rollers have five different placing phases, the phases move from left to right sequentially according to the starting point of threads at the middle section of the meshing between the rollers and the screw rod, and the phase difference between every two adjacent rollers is one quarter of the lead;
if the screw is a single-head screw, the rollers are uniformly distributed around the screw through the retainer and are in threaded engagement with the screw, eight rollers are placed in one circumference of the screw to form eight phases, namely a roller on a first phase, a roller on a second phase, a roller on a third phase, a roller on a fourth phase, a roller on a fifth phase, a roller on a sixth phase, a roller on a seventh phase and a roller on an eighth phase, and the lead of the screw is a screw pitch; the rollers on the eighth phase and the second phase, the rollers on the seventh phase and the third phase, and the rollers on the sixth phase and the fourth phase are different only in that the three groups of rollers need to be turned over by 180 degrees up and down during installation;
if the screw is a double-head screw, eight rollers are placed in one circumference of the screw to form eight phases, the eight phases are sequentially a roller on a first phase, a roller on a second phase, a roller on a third phase, a roller on a fourth phase, a roller on a fifth phase, a roller on a sixth phase, a roller on a seventh phase and a roller on an eighth phase, and the lead of the screw is twice the thread pitch; the rollers on the fourth phase and the second phase, the rollers on the fifth phase and the first phase, and the rollers on the seventh phase and the rollers on the third phase are different only in that the three groups of rollers need to be turned over by 180 degrees up and down during installation; the mounting direction of the roller on the sixth phase is consistent with that of the roller on the second phase; the roller on the eighth phase is arranged in the same direction as the roller on the fourth phase.
2. The differential planetary roller screw set according to claim 1, wherein the differential planetary roller screw set is assembled by a process comprising,
1) a tool base and a tool retainer are arranged at one end of the nut and are vertically placed on an assembly platform;
2) vertically placing the rollers into the nut holes one by one according to the phase sequence; the roller is pushed to be tightly attached to the thread of the nut along the guide groove of the tool holder, and the roller is slowly rotated in the attaching process, so that the roller is tightly attached to the thread of the nut, and the bottom surface of the roller is also tightly attached to the tool base; the tool mandrel is arranged, so that the roller is tightly attached to the internal thread of the nut in the radial direction, and the roller is supported by the tool mandrel and does not incline towards the axis direction of the nut;
3) the retainer at the upper end of the nut is arranged and is fixed by an elastic retainer ring for a hole, so that the upper side assembly is completed;
4) the mounting tool base and the nut are kept in a fit state, and the whole body is turned over for 180 degrees; taking down the fixture base and the fixture retainer, and installing the nut lower end retainer and the elastic retainer ring for the hole;
5) slowly pushing out the tool core shaft, and guiding and screwing the tool lead screw into the inner hole of the nut; and (3) coating lubricating grease on the surface of the lead screw, and guiding the lead screw by using a tool lead screw to slowly rotate the lead screw so that the lead screw rotates into the nut, thereby completing the assembly of the lead screw and the nut.
3. The differential planetary roller screw pair of claim 2, wherein the tooling mandrel is a teflon rod or a soft metal rod having a length shorter than the axial length of the nut.
4. The differential planetary roller screw pair according to claim 2, wherein the hole in the tool holder for engaging the roller is a semicircular hole and has an opening, and the opening is directed toward the center.
5. The differential planetary roller screw pair of claim 2, wherein the tooling base is in clearance fit with the end face of the nut.
6. The differential planetary roller screw pair of claim 2, wherein the tooling screw guide is a teflon rod or a soft metal rod having a length greater than the thread length of the screw.
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| CN202210244036.9A CN114321312B (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Differential planetary roller screw pair, assembly tool and assembly process |
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| CN202210244036.9A CN114321312B (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Differential planetary roller screw pair, assembly tool and assembly process |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115111294B (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-12-16 | 杭州新剑机电传动股份有限公司 | Electromechanical actuator for automobile suitable for brake-by-wire system |
| CN115111335B (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-12-16 | 杭州新剑机电传动股份有限公司 | Micro lead differential type planetary roller screw, assembly tool and assembly method |
| CN115415790B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2023-08-25 | 四川航天烽火伺服控制技术有限公司 | Reverse planetary roller screw assembly fixture and machining assembly method |
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