CN114320667A - An extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an extruded oxidant supplying solid-liquid hybrid engine, belonging to the technical field of aerospace propulsion; it comprises an extruded gas cylinder, an oxidant storage tank, an oxidant transport pipeline and a combustion chamber; The valve is communicated with the inlet of the oxidant storage tank, and the outlet of the oxidant storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the combustion chamber through the oxidant transportation pipeline; the multi-branch aluminum pipe inlet of the oxidant transportation pipeline is communicated with the outlet of the oxidant storage tank, and its first outlet is sequentially adjusted by the flow rate. The valve and the pneumatic valve are communicated with the inlet of the combustion chamber, the second outlet is communicated with the pneumatic valve through the pressure reducing valve and the solenoid valve in turn, and the on-off of the pneumatic valve 9 is controlled by the solenoid valve 8, and the on-off and There are two oxidant filling methods; the present invention selects radial screw connection as the fixing method to fix the injector and the nozzle on the bulkhead of the combustion chamber, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of the solid-liquid mixed engine and reduce the negative effects caused by the flange. quality.

Description

An extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace propulsion, and in particular relates to a solid-liquid mixing engine of extrusion type oxidant supply.

Background technique

The solid-liquid hybrid engine is an aerospace power device that uses liquid oxidant and solid fuel as energy and working medium sources. It has the advantages of good safety, adjustable thrust, environmental protection, and low cost. It is expected to be used in the aerospace field, especially in suborbital Aircraft, small and medium sounding rockets, missile weapons, manned spacecraft and other fields have broad development space and application prospects.

The oxidant supply system stably delivers the oxidant to the thrust chamber with a specific pressure and flow rate during the engine operation, so as to ensure the stable operation of the engine. The extruded oxidant supply system consists of a high-pressure gas cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, an oxidant storage tank and a flow regulating valve. The flow regulating valve controls the on-off of the pipeline. Then, squeeze the oxidant in the tank to ensure the constant supply flow of the oxidant. The extruded oxidant supply system is simple in structure and reliable in operation, and is generally used in solid-liquid rocket engines.

When the solid-liquid hybrid engine works, the oxidant discharged from the oxidant delivery system flows into the combustion chamber through the injector, and is mixed with the solid fuel for combustion. The high-temperature gas from the combustion chamber is accelerated by the tail nozzle, and the thermal energy and potential energy are converted into kinetic energy to generate engine thrust.

The patent titled "Engine Head Structure, Solid-Liquid Hybrid Rocket Engine and Rocket" published by Yu Nanjia of Beihang University and others, the application number of this invention is 201811172365.7, proposes an engine head cover, which integrates the swirl injector Connected to the bottom end of the engine head cover, the engine head cover is connected with the flange of the combustion chamber shell, so that the combustion chamber is communicated with the inner cavity of the swirl injector, and the oxidant is swirl injected into the combustion chamber, which effectively solves the problem of solid-liquid mixing. The problem of low combustion efficiency of the engine, the engine head cover is connected with the flange of the engine combustion chamber shell to ensure flexibility and disassembly, but the flange increases the negative quality of the engine.

The patent titled "A Solid-Liquid Hybrid Engine for Ground Test Vehicle Experiment" published by Wang Yin et al. of Northwestern Polytechnical University, the application number of the invention is 201811375237.2, the injector is installed in the center hole of the front end cover, and the rear end The inner hole of the cover is equipped with a nozzle, and the front end cover is connected with the pre-combustion chamber casing, the rear end cover and the supplementary combustion chamber casing with threads, and the pre-combustion chamber casing and the supplementary combustion chamber casing are replaced by different lengths of the pre-combustion chamber casing. Changing the size of the engine eliminates the need to process the entire engine and reduces the cost, but the threaded connection requires a certain thickness of the pre-combustion chamber casing and the supplementary combustion chamber casing, and the thickness of the combustion chamber casing needs to be increased, which increases the negative mass of the engine.

The patent titled "A Solid-Liquid Hybrid Engine for Ground Test Vehicle Experiments" published by Wang Yin et al. of Northwestern Polytechnical University, the application number of the invention is 201811375237.2, a solid-liquid hybrid engine igniter is proposed, and the ignition head is buried in In the front end cover, the connection between the front end cover and the oxidant delivery system is sealed by an aluminum sheet. When the engine is ignited and started, the ignition charge is ignited by the ignition element, and high temperature and high pressure gas is instantly generated to break the aluminum sheet and enter the engine under the action of the oxidant. The combustion chamber ignites the charge column, so as to realize the ignition start of the engine. The igniter reduces the complexity of the engine ignition system, but the amount of high temperature and high pressure gas generated by the ignition charge packet is relatively small, and the high temperature and high pressure gas will spontaneously flow in the direction of the nozzle. The amount of gas flowing to the aluminum sheet is small, and there will be a phenomenon that the aluminum sheet cannot be broken through.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Technical problem to be solved:

In order to avoid the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes an extrusion type oxidant supplying solid-liquid mixing engine. The injector and the nozzle are fixed on the combustion chamber bulkhead by screws, which reduces the negative mass of the engine and is convenient Disassembly and assembly; the engine adopts a variety of oxidant filling methods. The oxidant can be filled before the engine is assembled, or after the engine is assembled, it can be filled through the quick filling connection joint set on the multi-branch aluminum pipe, which can effectively prevent the storage from being stored. And the leakage of oxidant during the assembly process to ensure the safety of engine assembly and oxidant filling.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: an extruded oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine, which is characterized in that: it includes a squeezed gas cylinder 1, an oxidant storage tank, an oxidant transportation pipeline and a combustion chamber; the outlet of the squeezed gas cylinder 1 passes through a reducing The pressure valve 2 and the flow regulating valve 3 are communicated with the inlet of the oxidant storage tank, and the outlet of the oxidant storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the combustion chamber through the oxidant transportation pipeline;

The oxidant delivery pipeline includes a pressure reducing valve 2, a flow regulating valve 3, a multi-branch aluminum pipe 7, a solenoid valve 8 and a pneumatic valve 9; the inlet of the multi-branch aluminum pipe 7 is communicated with the outlet of the oxidant storage tank, and its first outlet is The flow regulating valve 3 and the pneumatic valve 9 are in turn communicated with the combustion chamber inlet, and the second outlet is communicated with the pneumatic valve 9 through the pressure reducing valve 2 and the solenoid valve 8 in turn. The solenoid valve 8 controls the on-off of the pneumatic valve 9, and the remote control is realized On-off of the oxidant delivery system pipeline;

The inlet end and the outlet end of the combustion chamber are respectively equipped with an injector and a nozzle 17 by screws; the injector includes an injector housing 10 and an injector plate 11, and the injector housing 10 is trumpet-shaped Structure, the small diameter end is sealed with the pneumatic valve 9, the large diameter end is coaxially installed with the injection plate 11, and is connected with the casing of the combustion chamber; the ignition device is arranged on the small diameter end of the injector casing 10, used to control the oxidant The flow of the fuel and the ignition of the fuel grain 15 in the combustion chamber realize the start of the engine.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that: the ignition device includes an aluminum sheet 18, a solid propellant 19 and a hexagonal inner nut 20; The end face is limited by the bosses arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the injector housing 10, and the other end cooperates with the inner hexagonal nut 20 to clamp and fix the solid propellant 19; the aluminum sheet 18 isolates the oxidant from the fuel grain 15 in the combustion chamber After ignition, the solid propellant 19 generates high temperature gas to melt the aluminum sheet 18 to realize the circulation of the oxidant, and the fuel grain 15 in the combustion chamber is ignited under the action of the high temperature gas and the oxidant gas flow.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the injector and the nozzle 17 are respectively fixedly connected to the casing of the combustion chamber by means of radially installed screws, and an annular groove is provided on the installation peripheral surfaces of the injector and the nozzle 17 , used to place the O-ring to form a radial pressure seal.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the material of the injector housing 10 is 7075-T6 aluminum, and a glass/cotton/phenolic insulating layer is arranged therein; the material of the injection plate 11 is CDA110 copper, and the thickness is 11 mm.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the nozzle 17 is made of EN19T steel alloy, and is divided into a converging section, a nozzle throat and an expanding section in turn in the axial direction; the material of the converging section is carbon/phenolic, and the material of the expanding section is high Silicone/phenol formaldehyde, the material of the nozzle throat is graphite; the nozzle shell is sleeved on the periphery of the expansion section of the nozzle 17 and the converging section of the nozzle.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the converging section of the nozzle 17 is a cylindrical structure with a trumpet-shaped inner cavity, and the outer peripheral surface of the converging section is axially provided with a first step, a second step, and a third step in sequence , the fourth step; the inner peripheral surface of the front end of the nozzle shell is provided with a first step groove and a second step groove, which are respectively matched with the first step and the second step of the converging section of the nozzle 17; the expansion section of the nozzle 17 is The inner cavity is a horn-shaped cylindrical structure, and the inner peripheral surface of the front end is provided with a first step groove and a second step groove, which are respectively matched with the third step and the fourth step of the converging section of the nozzle 17; the nozzle shell The inner peripheral surface of the rear end of the body and the expansion section of the nozzle 17 are fixed by screws.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that: the steps in the nozzle 17 and the step grooves, between the throat and the expansion section, and between the throat and the converging section are all sealed with a sealant to prevent gas leakage.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber casing 12 , a front combustion chamber insulation layer 13 , a combustion chamber insulation layer 14 , a fuel grain 15 , a rear combustion chamber insulation layer 16 , and the inner wall of the combustion chamber casing 12 . A combustion chamber insulation layer 14 is provided; the fuel grain 15 is coaxially installed in the combustion chamber shell 12, and its two ends are respectively provided with a front combustion chamber insulation layer 13 and a rear combustion chamber insulation layer 16.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the oxidant storage tank includes a front head 4 of the oxidant storage tank, a cylindrical section 5 of the oxidant storage tank and a rear head 6 of the oxidant storage tank, and the two ends of the cylindrical section 5 of the oxidant storage tank are respectively connected to the oxidant storage tank. The front sealing head 4 and the rear sealing head 6 of the oxidant storage tank are hermetically connected; the front sealing head 4 of the oxidizing agent storage tank is connected with the flow regulating valve 3, and the rear sealing head 6 of the oxidizing agent storage tank is connected with the oxidant conveying pipeline.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the multi-branch aluminum pipe 7 is equipped with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and an oxidant quick filling connection joint, so that the oxidant can be filled before the engine is assembled, or after the engine is assembled.

beneficial effect

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention selects the radial screw connection as the fixing method to fix the injector and the nozzle on the bulkhead of the combustion chamber, improves the combustion efficiency of the solid-liquid hybrid engine, reduces the negative quality brought by the flange, and at the same time, Because the screw connection does not need to increase the wall thickness of the combustion chamber, it solves the problem of increasing the negative mass of the engine caused by the use of the screw connection, reduces the negative mass of the engine, and facilitates disassembly and assembly; and cooperates with the O-ring to form a radial pressure seal.

(2) The solid-liquid hybrid engine of the present invention has a variety of oxidant filling methods. The oxidant can be filled either before the engine is assembled or after the engine is assembled; Joint filling can effectively prevent the leakage of oxidant during storage and assembly, and ensure the safety of engine assembly and oxidant filling.

(3) Compared with the traditional single-branch control method, the oxidant delivery pipeline control method designed by the present invention cannot use the solenoid valve to control the oxidant delivery because the solenoid valve cannot be completely closed under the high pressure environment after the engine starts to work. The on-off of the system is controlled by the combination of solenoid valve and pneumatic valve. The gas in the oxidant storage tank is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 2 and flows through the solenoid valve 8. When the solenoid valve 8 is opened, the gas flowing through the solenoid valve 8 makes the pneumatic valve 9 close, and the pipeline is disconnected; when the solenoid valve 8 is closed , the pneumatic valve is opened, and the pipeline is connected. The solenoid valve 8 controls the on-off of the pneumatic valve 9, and the remote control realizes the on-off of the pipeline of the oxidant delivery system.

(4) The ignition device designed by the present invention is equivalent to the diaphragm valve mechanism, which realizes the isolation of the oxidant and the solid fuel. The aluminum sheet is subjected to the pressure of the oxidant storage tank and the high temperature generated by the combustion of the solid propellant, which can melt the aluminum sheet and realize the penetration of the oxidant. Helps to promote stable ignition of the engine.

(5) The injection plate 11 of the present invention is made of CDA110 copper. Due to the high thermal conductivity of copper, the injection plate can help reduce the formation of local hot spots.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general assembly drawing of the solid-liquid hybrid engine according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the ignition device according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the thrust chamber schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the oxidant transport pipeline of the present invention.

Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Squeeze gas cylinder, 2. Pressure reducing valve, 3. Flow regulating valve, 4. Front cover of oxidizer tank, 5. Wall of oxidizer tank, 6. Back cover of oxidizer tank, 7 .Customized aluminum tube, 8. Solenoid valve, 9. Pneumatic valve, 10. Injector housing, 11. Injector plate, 12. Combustion chamber housing, 13. Front combustion chamber insulation, 14. Combustion chamber insulation , 15. Fuel grain, 16. After-combustion chamber insulation, 17. Nozzle, 18. Aluminum sheet, 19. Solid propellant, 20. Hexagonal nut.

Detailed ways

The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " rear, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inside, outside, clockwise, counterclockwise, etc., or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

The invention relates to a solid-liquid hybrid engine comprising: a squeeze cylinder 1, a pressure reducing valve 2, a flow regulating valve 3, a front head of an oxidant storage tank 4, a wall of the oxidant storage tank 5, a rear head of the oxidant storage tank 6, customized Aluminum tube 7, solenoid valve 8, pneumatic valve 9, injector housing 10, injector plate 11, combustion chamber housing 12, front combustion chamber insulation 13, combustion chamber insulation 14, fuel grain 15, post combustion Chamber insulation layer 16 , nozzle 17 , aluminum sheet 18 , solid propellant 19 , inner hexagonal nut 20 . The front and rear heads of the oxidant tank are fixed with the cylindrical section of the tank with screws, the injector and the nozzle are fixed on the bulkhead of the combustion chamber by screws, the squeeze cylinder 1 and the oxidant tank are fixed by the pressure reducing valve 2 and the flow regulating valve 3 is connected, the oxidant storage tank and the injector are connected by the oxidant delivery system, and the combustion chamber is composed of the combustion chamber shell 12, the front combustion chamber insulation layer 13, the combustion chamber insulation layer 14, the rear combustion chamber insulation layer 16, and the fuel grain. 15. Composed of igniter and nozzle 17.

In this example, nitrous oxide/paraffin-containing fuel is used as the propellant.

Referring to Figure 1, an extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine of the present invention includes a squeeze cylinder 1, an oxidant storage tank, an oxidant delivery pipeline and a combustion chamber; the outlet of the squeeze cylinder 1 passes through the pressure reducing valve 2, The flow regulating valve 3 is communicated with the inlet of the oxidant storage tank, and the outlet of the oxidant storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the combustion chamber through the oxidant conveying pipeline;

The oxidant delivery pipeline includes a pressure reducing valve 2, a flow regulating valve 3, a multi-branch aluminum pipe 7, a solenoid valve 8 and a pneumatic valve 9; the inlet of the multi-branch aluminum pipe 7 is communicated with the outlet of the oxidant storage tank, and its first outlet is The flow regulating valve 3 and the pneumatic valve 9 are in turn communicated with the combustion chamber inlet, and the second outlet is communicated with the pneumatic valve 9 through the pressure reducing valve 2 and the solenoid valve 8 in turn. The solenoid valve 8 controls the on-off of the pneumatic valve 9, and the remote control is realized On-off of the oxidant delivery system pipeline; pressure sensor, temperature sensor and oxidant quick filling connection joint are installed on the multi-branch aluminum pipe 7, which can realize the oxidant filling before the engine is assembled, or after the engine is assembled. After the engine starts to work, since the solenoid valve cannot be completely closed under the high pressure environment, the solenoid valve cannot be used to control the on-off of the oxidant delivery system directly. The combination of the solenoid valve and the pneumatic valve is used to control the on-off of the pipeline. The gas in the oxidant storage tank is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 2 and flows through the solenoid valve 8. When the solenoid valve 8 is opened, the gas flowing through the solenoid valve 8 makes the pneumatic valve 9 close, and the pipeline is disconnected; when the solenoid valve 8 is closed , the pneumatic valve is opened, and the pipeline is connected. The solenoid valve 8 controls the on-off of the pneumatic valve 9, and the remote control realizes the on-off of the pipeline of the oxidant delivery system.

The combustion chamber adopts a combined design, the inlet end and the outlet end are respectively equipped with an injector and a nozzle 17 through radial screws, and an annular groove is provided on the installation peripheral surface of the injector and the nozzle 17, Used to place O-rings to form a radial pressure seal. Compared with the flange connection and threaded connection mentioned in the background art, the connection can omit the flange and can effectively reduce the wall thickness of the combustion chamber silo, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing negative mass, and at the same time facilitate assembly. The combustion chamber is made of 164mm outer diameter and 5.5mm thick 6061-T6 aluminum tube, and a 3mm thick glass/cotton/phenolic insulation layer is placed on the front and rear combustion chambers respectively.

Referring to Figure 2, the injector includes an injector housing 10 and an injector plate 11. The injector housing 10 is a trumpet-shaped structure, the small diameter end is sealed with the pneumatic valve 9, and the large diameter end is installed coaxially There is an injection plate 11 and is connected with the casing of the combustion chamber; the ignition device is arranged at the small diameter end of the injector casing 10 to control the circulation of the oxidant and the ignition of the fuel column 15 in the combustion chamber to realize the start of the engine . The injector housing 10 is made of 7075-T6 aluminum. Due to the high thermal conductivity of copper, the injection plate is made to help reduce the formation of local hot spots. The 11mm thick injection plate 11 is made of CDA110 copper. A 4mm thick glass/cotton/phenolic insulation layer is placed inside the housing.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the ignition device includes an aluminum sheet 18, a solid propellant 19 and a hexagonal inner nut 20; The inner wall of the injector housing 10 is limited by a boss arranged in the circumferential direction, and the other end cooperates with the inner hexagonal nut 20 to clamp and fix the solid propellant 19; the aluminum sheet 18 isolates the oxidant from the fuel grain 15 in the combustion chamber, and ignites The rear solid propellant 19 generates high-temperature gas to melt the aluminum sheet 18 to realize the circulation of the oxidant, and the fuel grain 15 in the combustion chamber is ignited under the action of the high-temperature gas and the oxidant gas flow. The solid propellant requires the use of a modified double-base grain, because the grain has the characteristics of large gas generation and high burning rate, which can support aluminum sheets, disappear quickly after combustion, and provide a large amount of gas.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber casing 12 , a front combustion chamber insulation layer 13 , a combustion chamber insulation layer 14 , a fuel grain 15 , and a rear combustion chamber insulation layer 16 . The inner wall of the combustion chamber casing 12 is provided with The combustion chamber insulation layer 14; the fuel grain 15 is coaxially installed in the combustion chamber shell 12, and the front combustion chamber insulation layer 13 and the rear combustion chamber insulation layer 16 are respectively provided at both ends thereof.

The nozzle 17 is made of EN19T steel alloy, and is divided into a converging section, a nozzle throat, and an expansion section in turn in the axial direction; The material is graphite; the nozzle shell is sleeved on the periphery of the expansion section of the nozzle 17 and the converging section of the nozzle. The converging section of the nozzle 17 is a cylindrical structure with a trumpet-shaped inner cavity, and the outer peripheral surface of the converging section is sequentially provided with a first step, a second step, a third step, and a fourth step along the axial direction; the front end of the nozzle shell The inner peripheral surface is provided with a first step groove and a second step groove, which are respectively matched with the first step and the second step of the converging section of the nozzle 17; the expansion section of the nozzle 17 is a cylindrical structure with a trumpet-shaped inner cavity , the inner peripheral surface of the front end is provided with a first step groove and a second step groove, which are respectively matched with the third step and the fourth step of the converging section of the nozzle 17; The expansion segment is fixed with screws. Sealant is used to seal between each step and step groove, between the throat and the expansion section, and between the throat and the converging section in the nozzle 17 to prevent gas leakage.

Referring to Figure 4, the oxidant storage tank includes a front head 4 of the oxidant storage tank, a cylindrical section of the oxidant storage tank 5 and a rear head 6 of the oxidant storage tank. The head 4 is sealedly connected with the rear head 6 of the oxidant storage tank; the front head 4 of the oxidant storage tank is connected with the flow regulating valve 3, and the rear head 6 of the oxidant storage tank is connected with the oxidant conveying pipeline.

Thrust chamber assembly process: connect the nozzle 17 to the combustion chamber housing 12 through screws, seal it with a fluororubber O-ring, put the post-combustion chamber thermal insulation layer 16 into the combustion chamber housing 12, and then install it into the combustion chamber housing 12. The fuel grains 15 of the chamber insulation layer 14 (the grains 15 are cast in the combustion chamber insulation layer 14 in advance) are loaded into the front combustion chamber insulation layer 13 . Fix the ignition device between the injector injection plate 11 and the injector housing 10. The ignition wire is led out through the hole of the injector injection plate 11 and the nozzle 17, and the injector is connected to the combustion chamber housing with screws. 12 Make connections, and use fluororubber O-rings to ensure good air tightness of the engine.

The overall assembly process of the solid-liquid hybrid engine: prepare the oxidant storage tank filled with nitrous oxide and the squeeze cylinder 1, and install the O-ring seal on the valve, the connection end of the cylinder and the connection end of the injector. The fluororubber O-ring is pressed tightly to ensure reliable connection and good sealing performance.

When the standby command of the engine is issued, the pressure reducing valve 2 and the flow regulating valve 3 are opened, and the engine enters the standby state. After the official work order is issued, the solid propellant 19 is ignited, and the generated high-temperature gas enters the combustion chamber to heat the paraffin-containing fuel grain 15; at the same time, the temperature released when the solid propellant 19 burns melts the aluminum sheet 18 to realize the circulation of the oxidant, and the oxidant enters the combustion The combustion reaction occurs with the fuel grain 15, and the ignition action is completed.

After the ignition of the engine is completed, the liquid nitrous oxide flowing out of the oxidant tank, after being atomized by the injector, enters the combustion chamber and undergoes combustion reaction with the paraffin-containing fuel to generate high-temperature gas, which is accelerated by the nozzle to generate thrust.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art will not depart from the principles and spirit of the present invention Variations, modifications, substitutions, and alterations to the above-described embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An extrusion type oxidant is supplied to a solid-liquid hybrid engine, characterized in that: it comprises an extruded gas cylinder (1), an oxidant storage tank, an oxidant transport pipeline and a combustion chamber; the outlet of the extruded gas cylinder (1) is decompressed by The valve (2) and the flow regulating valve (3) are communicated with the inlet of the oxidant storage tank, and the outlet of the oxidant storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the combustion chamber through the oxidant conveying pipeline; The oxidant delivery pipeline comprises a pressure reducing valve (2), a flow regulating valve (3), a multi-branch aluminum pipe (7), a solenoid valve (8) and a pneumatic valve (9); the inlet of the multi-branch aluminum pipe (7) It is communicated with the outlet of the oxidant storage tank, and its first outlet is communicated with the combustion chamber inlet through the flow regulating valve (3) and the pneumatic valve (9) in turn, and the second outlet is connected with the pressure reducing valve (2) and the solenoid valve (8) in turn. The pneumatic valve (9) is connected, the on-off of the pneumatic valve (9) is controlled by the solenoid valve (8), and the on-off of the pipeline of the oxidant delivery system is realized by remote control; An injector and a nozzle (17) are respectively installed at the inlet end and the outlet end of the combustion chamber through screws; the injector includes an injector housing (10) and an injector plate (11), and the injector includes an injector housing (10) and an injector plate (11). The casing (10) is a horn-shaped structure, the small diameter end is sealedly connected with the pneumatic valve (9), and the large diameter end is coaxially installed with an injection plate (11), which is connected with the casing of the combustion chamber; the ignition device is arranged on the injection The small diameter end of the casing (10) is used to control the circulation of the oxidant and the ignition of the fuel grain (15) in the combustion chamber, so as to realize the starting of the engine. 2. The extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ignition device comprises an aluminum sheet (18), a solid propellant (19) and a hexagonal inner nut (20); the aluminum sheet (18) 18) It is coaxially arranged on the small diameter end of the injector housing (10), and its one end face toward the pneumatic valve (9) is limited by a boss arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the injector housing (10), and the other end is limited to the The inner hexagonal nut (20) cooperates to clamp and fix the solid propellant (19); the aluminum sheet (18) isolates the oxidant from the fuel grain (15) in the combustion chamber. The sheet (18) is melted to realize the circulation of the oxidant, and the fuel grain (15) in the combustion chamber is ignited under the action of the high-temperature gas and the oxidant gas flow. 3. The extrusion type oxidant supplying solid-liquid hybrid engine according to claim 1, wherein the injector and the nozzle (17) are fixedly connected to the casing of the combustion chamber by means of radially mounted screws, respectively. An annular groove is provided on the installation peripheral surface of the injector and the nozzle (17) for placing an O-ring to form a radial pressure seal. The extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the injector housing (10) is 7075-T6 aluminum, and glass/cotton/phenolic heat insulation is provided in it layer; the injection board (11) is made of CDA110 copper and has a thickness of 11mm. 5. The extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nozzle (17) is made of EN19T steel alloy, and is divided into a convergent section, a nozzle throat, The expansion section; the material of the converging section is carbon/phenolic, the material of the expansion section is high silica/phenolic, and the material of the nozzle throat is graphite; 6. The extrusion type oxidant supplying solid-liquid mixing engine according to claim 5, wherein the converging section of the nozzle (17) is a cylindrical structure with a trumpet-shaped inner cavity, and the outer peripheral surface of the converging section is along the A first step, a second step, a third step and a fourth step are arranged in sequence in the axial direction; the inner peripheral surface of the front end of the nozzle casing is provided with a first step groove and a second step groove, which are respectively connected with the converging section of the nozzle (17). The first step and the second step of the nozzle are matched; the expansion section of the nozzle (17) is a cylindrical structure with a trumpet-shaped inner cavity, and the inner peripheral surface of the front end is provided with a first step groove and a second step groove, respectively corresponding to The third step and the fourth step of the converging section of the nozzle (17) are matched; the inner peripheral surface of the rear end of the nozzle casing and the expanding section of the nozzle (17) are fixed by screws. 7. The extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid mixing engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the nozzle (17) between each step and the step groove, between the throat and the expansion section, between the throat and the convergence The sections are sealed with sealant to prevent gas leakage. 8. The extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber comprises a combustion chamber casing (12), a front combustion chamber insulation layer (13), and a combustion chamber insulation layer (14). ), the fuel grain (15), the post-combustion chamber insulation layer (16), the combustion chamber casing (12) is provided with a combustion chamber insulation layer (14) on the inner wall; the fuel grain (15) is coaxially installed on the combustion chamber casing In (12), both ends are respectively provided with a front combustion chamber insulation layer (13) and a rear combustion chamber insulation layer (16). 9. The extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine according to claim 1, wherein the oxidant storage tank comprises a front head (4) of the oxidant storage tank, a cylindrical section 5 of the oxidant storage tank and a rear seal of the oxidant storage tank The head (6), the two ends of the cylindrical section (5) of the oxidant storage tank are respectively sealed and connected to the front head 4 of the oxidant storage tank and the rear head (6) of the oxidant storage tank; the front head (4) of the oxidant storage tank is connected with the flow regulating valve (3) Connection, the rear head (6) of the oxidant storage tank is connected with the oxidant transportation pipeline. 10. The extrusion type oxidant supply solid-liquid hybrid engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the multi-branch aluminum pipe (7) is equipped with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and an oxidant quick filling connection joint, which can realize the oxidant Fill before engine assembly, or after engine assembly.

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