CN114320292A - Coal seam rock burst prevention and control method based on solution modification effect - Google Patents
Coal seam rock burst prevention and control method based on solution modification effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating rock burst of a coal seam based on a solution modification effect, and relates to the technical field of safe production of mines. The invention forms a plurality of crack surfaces by constructing and drilling holes at two sides of the transportation crossheading and the return air crossheading and adopting multi-point directional hydraulic fracturing, improves the crack development degree of the coal body and creates crack conditions for injecting the modified solution into the coal body. Meanwhile, after hydraulic fracturing, the modification solution is injected, and the modification solution generates physical and chemical actions with cement between mineral crystals and mineral particles of the coal body, so that a plurality of tiny defects are formed inside the coal body, the elasticity and the energy storage capacity of the coal are integrally reduced, the stress state of the coal body is integrally improved, and the danger of rock burst is reduced. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate and strong in feasibility, and has a good reference function for preventing and treating mine dynamic disasters such as hard coal bed rock burst, coal and gas outburst and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine safety production, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling coal bed rock burst based on a solution modification effect.
Background
The coal mine rock burst is a severe dynamic disaster generated by the sudden damage of coal and rock masses at underground roadways, working faces and the like. According to statistics, the number of rock burst mines produced by China is 121 and the capacity is about 4 hundred million t/a as of 6 months in 2019, and the rock burst mine plays an important role in coal supply guarantee. Therefore, how to effectively prevent and control rock burst is a key difficult problem to be solved urgently in coal mine safety production. Whether the coal and rock mass actually mined has dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like is directly related to the stress condition of the coal and rock mass in the mining process and depends on whether the coal and rock mass has certain impact tendency or not. The measure for preventing and controlling the pressure relief of the rock burst can be started from two aspects, namely, the coal bed impact tendency is reduced by changing the structure and the physical and mechanical properties of a coal rock body; and secondly, the static load stress concentration degree is reduced, so that the high stress area is transferred to the deep part of the coal wall. The coal seam water injection technology is an effective means for preventing and controlling rock burst. The water injection is generally carried out in a dug stoping roadway or an adjacent roadway, and aims to change the physical and mechanical properties of coal and weaken the strength, impact tendency and energy storage capacity of a coal bed through the physical and chemical action of water and the dissolving action of water on certain minerals in a coal rock body, so that the risk of rock burst is reduced.
Practice shows that coal seam water injection can reduce impact tendency in some coal mines, while water injection effect is not obvious in some mines, and the water injection effect cannot meet the requirement of preventing rock burst. Whether the impact tendency of the coal body after water injection is improved or not is closely related to the microstructure and mineral components of the coal. For coal seams with hard coal quality, undeveloped cracks and difficult water injection, the aim of reducing impact tendency and the degree of rock burst danger is very limited by relying on water injection alone, and other measures for preventing and controlling rock burst are often needed to be matched.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling coal bed rock burst based on solution modification.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preventing and controlling rock burst of a coal seam based on solution modification comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the process of tunneling a transportation gateway and a return air gateway of a working face, a plurality of hydraulic fracturing drill holes are arranged on two sides of a roadway behind the tunneling working face, and multi-point directional hydraulic fracturing is carried out to form a plurality of crack faces;
step 1.1: drilling holes in the deep part of the coal body by using a drilling machine along the direction vertical to the coal wall at two sides of a stoping roadway behind a driving working face, wherein the diameter of each drilling hole is set to be 45-90mm, and the distance between every two drilling holes is set to be 15-30 m;
wherein, the drilling lengths of the transportation gateway and the return air gateway at the inner side of the working surface are L/2-5m, and L is the length of the working surface; the drilling length of the return air crossheading at one side of the coal pillar close to the goaf is S-5m, and S is the width of the coal pillar; the length of a drill hole of the transportation gate way on one side of the unexplored solid coal is 10-20 m;
step 1.2: withdrawing the drill bit, pushing the collapse type drilling packer and the water injection pipe to the bottom of the hole, pressurizing the packer by using a manual pump to expand and seal the rubber cylinder, connecting a high-pressure pump with the water injection pipe, and starting the high-pressure pump until fracturing is completed;
step 1.3: moving the hydraulic fracturing equipment to the next fracturing section, repeating the step 1.2, sequentially completing hydraulic fracturing of all fracturing points of the whole drill hole, and generating a plurality of radial crack surfaces along the drilling direction; wherein the distance between adjacent cracking points is 3-5 m;
the modified solution comprises an acid solution, an alkali solution and an organic solution; the acid solution is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid solution, the alkali solution is one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium sulfide solution, and the organic solution is sodium dodecyl sulfate solution; wherein the mass concentration of the high-concentration modified solution is 2-5%, and the mass concentration of the low-concentration modified solution is 0.5-2%.
Step 2: stress online monitoring stations are arranged on a transportation crossheading and a return air crossheading of a working face, mining stress and coal pillar stress are monitored online in real time, and an early warning stress value of rock burst is determined according to uniaxial compressive strength of a coal body;
step 2.1: arranging stress online monitoring stations at intervals of 30-50m on a transportation crossheading and a return air crossheading of a working face, wherein each stress monitoring station comprises a plurality of stress monitoring points and is used for carrying out real-time online monitoring on the stress of surrounding rocks at different depths; stress monitoring points are arranged every 5m from 7.5m of the surface of the roadway; the monitoring depth of the inner sides of the working surfaces of the transportation crossheading and the return air crossheading is 20-50m, the monitoring depth of one side of a coal pillar is the width of the coal pillar, and the monitoring depth of one side of solid coal is 10-20 m;
step 2.2: after the arrangement of the monitoring stations is completed, the stress in the working surface and the stress of the coal pillar are monitored on line in real time;
step 2.3: calculating a stress early warning value of rock burst and evaluating the impact danger level;
calculating the stress early warning value sigma of rock burst according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal bodyvNamely:
σv＝2λRc (1)
in the formula, σvStress warning value for rock burst, RcAnd (3) evaluating the impact danger level according to the vertical stress obtained by monitoring, wherein the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body and the lambda is the impact tendency coefficient.
And step 3: after hydraulic fracturing is finished, injecting a high-pressure low-concentration modifying solution into the coal bed by using the drill hole, wherein the modifying solution, mineral crystals and cement of the coal body generate physical and chemical actions, so that a plurality of defects are formed in the coal bed, the elasticity and the energy storage capacity of the coal are reduced, and the stress state of the coal body is integrally improved;
feeding a high-pressure water injection pipe into the hydraulic fracturing hole, and sealing the drilled hole by adopting a high polymer material, wherein the sealing length is 5-10 m; connecting the rubber tube with a water supply pipeline of the drill hole, and injecting a low-concentration modified solution; the liquid injection pressure is 8-10MPa, and the first liquid injection time is 24-72 hours;
and 4, step 4: in the process of excavation of a stoping roadway and stoping of a working face, monitoring the stress of each position in real time; when the monitored vertical stress is higher than the early warning value of 0.8 time of the stress, injecting a low-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection water hole until the stress value is lower than the early warning value of 0.8 time, and stopping injecting liquid; and when the monitored vertical stress is higher than the stress early warning value, injecting a high-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection water hole until the stress value is lower than the early warning value of 0.8 time, and stopping injecting liquid.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
1. the hydraulic fracturing technology provided by the invention enables the drill hole to crack under the action of high-pressure water, water enters the coal bed under the action of water injection pressure, and internal water pressure is generated on the surface wall of each level of weak surfaces such as bedding surface cutting cracks and primary cracks in the coal bed, so that the weak surfaces are expanded and extended continuously due to the generation of spatial expansion, and a through crack network is formed by interconnecting in the coal bed step by step, thereby improving the crack development degree of the coal body and reducing the impact tendency and the stress concentration degree of the coal bed to a certain extent.
2. After hydraulic fracturing, a modification solution is injected, so that on one hand, cracks can be further developed, and on the other hand, the modification solution can permeate into the coal body and generate physical and chemical actions with cement between mineral crystals or mineral particles of the coal body, so that internal defects are further deepened. After the plurality of fracture surfaces formed by hydraulic fracturing are injected with the modifying solution, weakening effects are generated in the areas between the radial areas and the fracture surfaces, the elasticity and the energy storage capacity of the coal are integrally reduced, the stress state of the coal is integrally improved, and therefore the risk of rock burst is effectively reduced.
3. The invention is especially suitable for hard and crack-undeveloped coal seams difficult to be injected with water, and can realize effective control of the intensity of the coal seams, the coal seam impact tendency, the mining stress and the dangerousness of rock burst under the combined action of hydraulic fracturing and a modified solution.
4. After the roadway is formed, the stress of roadway surrounding rocks and a coal body on a working face can be monitored on line in real time, the concentration of the injected modified solution is dynamically adjusted according to the relationship between the monitored stress and the early warning value of the rock burst stress value, so that the stress of the coal body is below the early warning value, and the rock burst can be effectively controlled.
5. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate and strong in feasibility, and has a good reference function for preventing and treating mine dynamic disasters such as hard coal bed rock burst, coal and gas outburst and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the drilling arrangement in the working face of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a hydraulic fracturing and stress monitoring floor plan of the present invention during roadway driving;
in the figure, 1-goaf; 2-return air crossheading; 3-transporting the crossheading; 4-coal pillar; 5-roadway driving position; 6, drilling holes on the inner side of the working surface; 7-drilling holes on the side of the coal pillar; 8-fracture surface generated by hydraulic fracturing; 9-stress monitoring probe; 10-solid coal.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A certain coal mine is a rock burst mine, the length of a working face of a certain working face is 200m, and the running length is 1300 m. The thickness of the coal seam is 6m, and the uniaxial compressive strength is 20 MPa. The working face burial depth is 600m, the south part is adjacent to a goaf, and 40m section coal pillars are reserved between the south part and the goaf. Adopts a comprehensive mechanical one-time mining full-height coal mining process.
A method for preventing and controlling rock burst of a coal seam based on solution modification comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the process of driving, a plurality of hydraulic fracturing drill holes are arranged on two sides of a roadway behind a driving working face, multi-point directional hydraulic fracturing is carried out to form a plurality of crack faces, so as to create crack conditions for injecting a modified solution into a coal body, and the arrangement plan view of the drill holes is shown in figure 1;
step 1.1: drilling holes in the deep part of the coal body at two sides of a stoping roadway behind a driving face along the direction vertical to the coal wall by using a common drilling machine, wherein the diameter of the drilled holes is set to be 90mm, and the distance between the drilled holes is set to be 30 m;
the drilling length of the conveying gate way and the air return gate way on the inner side of the working face is 95m, the drilling length of the air return gate way on one side of a coal pillar close to the goaf is 35m, and the drilling length of the conveying gate way on one side of unexplored solid coal is 15 m;
step 1.2: withdrawing the drill bit, pushing the collapse type drilling packer and the water injection pipe to the bottom of the hole, pressurizing the packer by using a manual pump to expand and seal the rubber cylinder, connecting a high-pressure pump with the water injection pipe, and starting the high-pressure pump until fracturing is completed;
the hole sealing device in the embodiment utilizes a manual pump to pressurize to expand the rubber cylinder so as to achieve the purpose of hole sealing, and the pressure required by hole sealing through the manual pump is generally about 20 MPa.
Step 1.3: moving the hydraulic fracturing equipment to the next fracturing section, repeating the step 1.2, sequentially completing hydraulic fracturing of all fracturing points of the whole drill hole, and generating a plurality of radial crack surfaces along the drilling direction; wherein the distance between adjacent cleavage points is 5 m.
Step 2: and stress online monitoring stations are arranged on a transportation crossheading and a return air crossheading of a working face, mining stress and coal pillar stress are monitored online in real time, and the early warning stress value of rock burst is determined according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body.
Step 2.1: arranging stress online monitoring stations at intervals of 30-50m on a transportation crossheading and a return air crossheading of a working face, wherein each stress monitoring station comprises a plurality of stress monitoring points and is used for carrying out real-time online monitoring on the stress of surrounding rocks at different depths; stress monitoring points are arranged every 5m from 7.5m of the surface of the roadway; the monitoring depth of the inner sides of the working surfaces of the transportation crossheading and the return air crossheading is 20-50m, the monitoring depth of one side of a coal pillar is the width of the coal pillar, and the monitoring depth of one side of solid coal is 15 m; (ii) a
Step 2.2: after the arrangement of the monitoring station is completed, the stress of the stress in the working surface and the stress of the coal pillar are monitored on line in real time, and basic data are provided for early warning of rock burst.
Step 2.3: calculating a stress early warning value of rock burst and evaluating the impact danger level;
calculating the stress early warning value sigma of rock burst according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal bodyvNamely:
σv＝2λRc (1)
in the formula, σvStress warning value for rock burst, RcThe uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body is shown, the lambda is the impact tendency coefficient, the values are shown in table 1, and the stress early warning value is calculated to be 32 MPa. And evaluating the impact danger level according to the monitored vertical stress. Wherein the hydraulic fracturing and stress monitoring floor plan is shown in figure 2.
TABLE 1 values of impact propensity coefficient
And step 3: after hydraulic fracturing is finished, injecting liquid into the coal seam by using the drill hole;
feeding a high-pressure water injection pipe into the hydraulic fracturing hole, and sealing the drilled hole by adopting a high polymer material, wherein the sealing length is 10 m; connecting the rubber tube with a water supply pipeline of the drill hole, and injecting a low-concentration modified solution; the liquid injection pressure is 8MPa, and the first liquid injection time is 48 hours;
and 4, step 4: in the process of excavation of a stoping roadway and stoping of a working face, monitoring the stress of each position in real time; when the monitored vertical stress is higher than the early warning value of 0.8 time of the stress, injecting a low-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection hole until the stress value is lower than the early warning value of 0.8 time, and stopping injecting liquid; when the monitored vertical stress is higher than the stress early warning value, injecting a high-concentration modified solution into the injection hole until the stress value is lower than the early warning value of 0.8 time, and stopping injecting the solution;
the modified solution in the step 4 comprises an acid solution, an alkali solution and an organic solution; the acid solution can be one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid solution, the alkali solution can be one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium sulfide solution, and the organic solution can be sodium dodecyl sulfate solution;
the mass concentration of the high-concentration modified solution is 2%, and the mass concentration of the low-concentration modified solution is 0.5%.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the disclosure and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also encompasses other embodiments in which any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is made without departing from the inventive concept as defined above. For example, the above features and (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure are mutually replaced to form the technical solution.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preventing and controlling rock burst of a coal seam based on solution modification is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: in the process of tunneling a transportation gateway and a return air gateway of a working face, a plurality of hydraulic fracturing drill holes are arranged on two sides of a roadway behind the tunneling working face, and multi-point directional hydraulic fracturing is carried out to form a plurality of crack faces;
step 2: stress online monitoring stations are arranged on a transportation crossheading and a return air crossheading of a working face, mining stress and coal pillar stress are monitored online in real time, and an early warning stress value of rock burst is determined according to uniaxial compressive strength of a coal body;
and step 3: after hydraulic fracturing is finished, injecting a high-pressure low-concentration modifying solution into the coal bed by using the drill hole, wherein the modifying solution, mineral crystals and cement of the coal body generate physical and chemical actions, so that a plurality of defects are formed in the coal bed, the elasticity and the energy storage capacity of the coal are reduced, and the stress state of the coal body is integrally improved;
feeding a high-pressure water injection pipe into the hydraulic fracturing hole, and sealing the drilled hole by adopting a high polymer material, wherein the sealing length is 5-10 m; connecting the rubber tube with a water supply pipeline of the drill hole, and injecting a low-concentration modified solution; the liquid injection pressure is 8-10MPa, and the first liquid injection time is 24-72 hours;
and 4, step 4: in the process of excavation of a stoping roadway and stoping of a working face, monitoring the stress of each position in real time; when the monitored vertical stress is higher than the early warning value of 0.8 time of the stress, injecting a low-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection water hole until the stress value is lower than the early warning value of 0.8 time, and stopping injecting liquid; and when the monitored vertical stress is higher than the stress early warning value, injecting a high-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection water hole until the stress value is lower than the early warning value of 0.8 time, and stopping injecting liquid.
2. The method for controlling rock burst of the coal seam based on solution modification effect according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: drilling holes in the deep part of the coal body by using a drilling machine along the direction vertical to the coal wall at two sides of a stoping roadway behind a driving working face, wherein the diameter of each drilling hole is set to be 45-90mm, and the distance between every two drilling holes is set to be 15-30 m;
wherein, the drilling lengths of the transportation gateway and the return air gateway at the inner side of the working surface are L/2-5m, and L is the length of the working surface; the drilling length of the return air crossheading at one side of the coal pillar close to the goaf is S-5m, and S is the width of the coal pillar; the length of a drill hole of the transportation gate way on one side of the unexplored solid coal is 10-20 m;
step 1.2: withdrawing the drill bit, pushing the collapse type drilling packer and the water injection pipe to the bottom of the hole, pressurizing the packer by using a manual pump to expand and seal the rubber cylinder, connecting a high-pressure pump with the water injection pipe, and starting the high-pressure pump until fracturing is completed;
step 1.3: moving the hydraulic fracturing equipment to the next fracturing section, repeating the step 1.2, sequentially completing hydraulic fracturing of all fracturing points of the whole drill hole, and generating a plurality of radial crack surfaces along the drilling direction; wherein the distance between adjacent cracking points is 3-5 m.
3. The method for controlling rock burst of the coal seam based on solution modification effect according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: arranging stress online monitoring stations at intervals of 30-50m on a transportation crossheading and a return air crossheading of a working face, wherein each stress monitoring station comprises a plurality of stress monitoring points and is used for carrying out real-time online monitoring on the stress of surrounding rocks at different depths; stress monitoring points are arranged every 5m from 7.5m of the surface of the roadway; the monitoring depth of the inner sides of the working surfaces of the transportation crossheading and the return air crossheading is 20-50m, the monitoring depth of one side of a coal pillar is the width of the coal pillar, and the monitoring depth of one side of solid coal is 10-20 m;
step 2.2: after the arrangement of the monitoring stations is completed, the stress in the working surface and the stress of the coal pillar are monitored on line in real time;
step 2.3: calculating a stress early warning value of rock burst and evaluating the impact danger level;
calculating the stress early warning value sigma of rock burst according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal bodyvNamely:
σv＝2λRc (1)
in the formula, σvStress warning value for rock burst, RcAnd (3) evaluating the impact danger level according to the vertical stress obtained by monitoring, wherein the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body and the lambda is the impact tendency coefficient.
4. The method for controlling rock burst of the coal bed based on solution modification according to claim 1, wherein the modification solution comprises an acid solution, an alkali solution and an organic solution; wherein the acid solution is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid solution, the alkali solution is one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium sulfide solution, and the organic solution is sodium dodecyl sulfate solution; wherein the mass concentration of the high-concentration modified solution is 2-5%, and the mass concentration of the low-concentration modified solution is 0.5-2%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115355004A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-11-18 | 山东理工大学 | Method for modifying and strengthening pressure relief of red mud slurry for coal bed rock burst drilling |
| CN115492575A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-20 | 山东理工大学 | Alkali liquor modification and strengthening pressure relief method for coal bed rock burst drilling |
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| CN115355004A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-11-18 | 山东理工大学 | Method for modifying and strengthening pressure relief of red mud slurry for coal bed rock burst drilling |
| CN115492575A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-20 | 山东理工大学 | Alkali liquor modification and strengthening pressure relief method for coal bed rock burst drilling |
| CN115355004B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2024-03-19 | 山东理工大学 | Modification and reinforcement pressure relief method for red mud slurry for rock burst drilling of coal seam |
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| CN114320292B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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