CN114319402A - Blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering - Google Patents
Blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A blind ditch design method for underground building engineering considers that rainwater flows in the blind ditch outside the catchment range boundary of the underground building engineering and is influenced by peripheral topography, therefore, a correction coefficient of a peripheral catchment environment is introduced, a drainage total amount calculation formula of the blind ditch is designed, the drainage total amount calculation formula is combined with the arrangement condition of peripheral drainage pipelines of the building engineering, the blind ditch is timely drained by connecting a plurality of access points with the drainage pipelines, and a correction blind ditch drainage amount calculation formula is provided. The invention provides a novel blind ditch arrangement method, which greatly improves the drainage capacity of blind ditches and reduces the cost of the blind ditches. By the arrangement of the blind ditches, the contact between underground water and rainwater of the concrete member of the basement can be reduced, the impermeability of the concrete basement can be indirectly improved, and the anti-floating performance of the basement can be improved.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of water prevention and floating resistance of underground construction engineering, and particularly relates to a blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering.
[ background of the invention ]
The main effects of groundwater on underground construction work include leakage, floating, etc. Even if some related technical measures have been taken, such as: the concrete is impervious, waterproof, crack resistant and the like, but the leakage problem is difficult to avoid due to the comprehensive effect of uncertain factors such as construction process, materials and the like. Some basements encounter strong rainfall weather when anti-floating measures (basement roof earthing) are not implemented in place in time and construction precipitation measures are not complete, and engineering accidents such as underground engineering floating and the like are easily caused.
Through reasonable design of the blind ditches, retained rainwater is guided in an organized manner, and surface retained water and underground water are actively drained, so that the influence on underground construction engineering is reduced, and a certain effect is achieved in solving the problems.
At present, three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation is needed for calculating and designing the blind ditch (see: Wangxiang, Yekun. application of anti-floating blind ditch technology in underground structure anti-floating engineering [ J ]. engineering survey, 2018, 46(06):33-37), the difficulty is high, the time consumption is too long, and the engineering application is not facilitated.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a blind ditch design method for underground building engineering, which greatly improves the drainage capacity of the blind ditch, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the blind ditch.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: considering that rainwater flows into the blind ditch due to the influence of peripheral topography outside the blind ditch catchment range boundary of the underground building engineering, introducing a correction coefficient of a peripheral catchment environment, and designing the total drainage amount of the blind ditch:
Qs＝λq(1-Ψ0)F (1)
in the formula (1), Qs is the total drainage amount of the blind ditch, lambda is a correction coefficient considering the surrounding catchment environment, 1.3-1.5 is taken, q is the design rainstorm intensity, and the value psi is calculated according to the 4.1.9 in the article text of the design Specification for outdoor drainage (GB50014-2021)0In order to synthesize the runoff coefficient, the parameters which affect the surface runoff and change along with the difference of the road surface types are considered, and the parameters are taken as follows: city (a city)The method is characterized in that the dense area of the town building is 0.60-0.70, the dense area of the town building is 0.45-0.60, the sparse area of the town building is 0.20-0.45, or the weighted average mode is adopted for fine calculation, F is the catchment area of the blind ditch, the blind ditch is taken as the central line, the ground ranges of 15 meters on both sides are the influence relevant ranges of the blind ditch, namely, the F value is as follows: 30 × french length;
step two: designing n pipeline access points on the blind ditch to be connected with a comprehensive pipe network drainage main pipe, discharging rainwater in the blind ditch in time, and providing a corrected blind ditch design flow calculation formula;
in formula (2): q is designed flow of the blind ditch; kmTaking the permeability coefficient of the filter material of the drainage layer, and taking the value according to the permeability coefficient table of the rock block of the drainage layer; w is the area of the section of the blind ditch, wherein w is bh, b is the bottom width of the blind ditch, and h is the height of the blind ditch; i is the drainage slope, which means the fall of the unit distance of the blind ditch and is 1 to 2 percent; η is a correction coefficient considering the unevenness of the access points, and when the number n of the access points is less than 5, η is 0.8; when the number n of access points is greater than 15, η is 0.5; when the number of the access points n is 5-15, taking line interpolation;
step three: and integrally optimizing parameters such as the number n of blind ditch access points, the cross section size of the blind ditches and the like to obtain a final blind ditch arrangement scheme and the cross section size of the blind ditches:
n＝Qs/Q (3)
if the calculated value of the number n of the blind ditch access points is a decimal number, only entering but not rounding;
and (3) obtaining a specific numerical value of the access point n according to the trial value of the blind ditch section w through the formulas (1) to (3), and finishing the layout design of the blind ditch.
Further, still include: obtaining a blind ditch arrangement scheme according to the main structure condition and the peripheral soil property condition of the blind ditch constructional engineering: for a fully-buried basement, the blind ditch adopts a shallow burying mode, but the tail end of the blind ditch is ensured to discharge water into the main drainage pipe of the comprehensive pipe network; for a semi-open basement, the blind ditch is arranged at the corner of an outer wall in a deep-buried mode, and rainwater or underground water is drained into the main drainage pipe of the comprehensive pipe network through the slope self-flowing of the blind ditch.
Further, the shallow burying is 1m below the ground and is not higher than the top plate of the basement; the deep burying refers to the position close to the bottom plate of the basement.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention provides a blind ditch design method suitable for underground construction engineering, compared with three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation, the blind ditch design method can more conveniently and quickly carry out scheme design, is more suitable for engineering requirements, and is particularly suitable for basements of soil layers with weak water permeability. The traditional blind ditch arrangement method has large requirements on the number and the section size of blind ditches due to the limitation of water discharge; the invention provides a novel blind ditch arrangement method by combining the arrangement condition of peripheral drainage pipelines, which greatly improves the drainage capacity of blind ditches and reduces the cost of the blind ditches. By the arrangement of the blind ditches, the contact between underground water and rainwater of the concrete member of the basement can be reduced, the impermeability of the concrete basement can be indirectly improved, and the anti-floating performance of the basement can be improved. The invention innovatively provides a method for calculating the total amount of ground catchment according to a relevant formula in a design standard of water supply and drainage for buildings in a design manual of highway subgrade of outdoor drainage design Specification, thereby providing a blind ditch design method suitable for underground construction engineering.
[ description of the drawings ]
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the blind ditch of the fully buried basement.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the semi-open basement blind ditch layout of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the plan layout of the blind trench of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional configuration of the blind trench of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-blind drain, 2-comprehensive pipe network drainage main pipe, 11-medium sand inverted filter, 12-pebble inverted filter, 13-blind pipe, 14-plain concrete cushion layer, and 15-original soil tamping or hand-swinging sheet stone subbase layer.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: considering that rainwater flows into the blind ditch due to the influence of peripheral topography outside the blind ditch catchment range boundary of the underground building engineering, introducing a correction coefficient of a peripheral catchment environment, and designing the total drainage amount of the blind ditch:
Qs＝λq(1-Ψ0)F (1)
in the formula (1), Qs is the total drainage amount (L/s) of the blind ditches, lambda is a correction coefficient considering the peripheral catchment environment, 1.3-1.5 is taken, q is the designed rainstorm intensity, and the value psi is calculated according to the article 4.1.9 in the design Specification for outdoor drainage (GB50014-2021)0In order to synthesize the runoff coefficient, the parameters which affect the surface runoff and change along with the difference of the road surface types are considered, and the parameters are taken as follows: taking 0.60-0.70% of town building dense area, 0.45-0.60% of town building dense area and 0.20-0.45% of town building sparse area, or carrying out fine calculation value by adopting a weighted average mode, wherein F is blind ditch catchment area (m)2) Taking the blind ditch as a central line, and taking the ground ranges of 15 meters on both sides as the influence correlation ranges of the blind ditch, namely, the values of F are as follows: 30 × french length;
step two: designing n pipeline access points on the blind ditch 1 to be connected with a comprehensive pipe network drainage main pipe 2 (please refer to fig. 2), discharging rainwater in the blind ditch 1 in time, and providing a correction blind ditch design flow calculation formula;
in formula (2): q is designed flow (m) of blind drain3/S)；KmTaking the permeability coefficient (m/s) of the filter material of the drainage layer according to a permeability coefficient table (detailed in table 1) of rock blocks of the drainage layer; w is the area of the section of the blind ditch, wherein w is bh, b is the bottom width of the blind ditch, and h is the height of the blind ditch; i is the drainage slope, which means the fall of the unit distance of the blind ditch and is 1 to 2 percent; η is a correction coefficient considering the unevenness of the access points, and when the number n of the access points is less than 5, η is 0.8; when the number n of access points is greater thanWhen 15, eta is 0.5; when the number of the access points n is 5-15, linear interpolation is taken;
table 1:
note: for irregular rock blocks with edges and corners, n is 0.50; for a perfectly round rock, n is 0.40
Step three: and integrally optimizing parameters such as the number n of blind ditch access points, the cross section size of the blind ditches and the like to obtain a final blind ditch arrangement scheme and the cross section size of the blind ditches:
n＝Qs/Q (3)
if the calculated value n of the number of the blind ditch access points is a decimal number, only entering is not allowed and rounding is carried out finally;
and (3) obtaining a specific numerical value of the access point n according to the trial value of the blind ditch section w through the formulas (1) to (3), and finishing the layout design of the blind ditch.
Obtaining a blind ditch arrangement scheme according to the main structure condition and the peripheral soil property condition of the blind ditch constructional engineering: for a fully-buried basement, a blind ditch 1 adopts a shallow burying mode (the position about 1m away from the ground is not higher than the top plate of the basement), but the tail end of the blind ditch is ensured to discharge water into a comprehensive pipe network drainage main pipe 2; for a semi-open basement, the blind ditch 1 is arranged at the corner of an outer wall in a deep-buried mode, and rainwater or underground water is drained into the comprehensive pipe network drainage main pipe 2 through the slope self-flowing of the blind ditch.
The number of the holes and the area of the holes on the wall of the blind ditch can be determined according to the inflow of water, the permeability coefficient of filling materials and the like by referring to page 132 of a highway subgrade design manual (second edition).
The invention provides a blind ditch design method suitable for underground construction engineering, compared with three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation, the blind ditch design method can more conveniently and quickly carry out scheme design, is more suitable for engineering requirements, and is particularly suitable for basements of soil layers with weak water permeability. The traditional blind ditch arrangement method has large requirements on the number and the section size of blind ditches due to the limitation of water discharge; the invention provides a novel blind ditch arrangement method by combining the arrangement condition of peripheral drainage pipelines, which greatly improves the drainage capacity of blind ditches and reduces the cost of the blind ditches. By the arrangement of the blind ditches, the contact between underground water and rainwater of the concrete member of the basement can be reduced, the impermeability of the concrete basement can be indirectly improved, and the anti-floating performance of the basement can be improved. The invention innovatively provides a method for calculating the total amount of ground catchment according to a relevant formula in a design standard of water supply and drainage for buildings in a design manual of highway subgrade of outdoor drainage design Specification, thereby providing a blind ditch design method suitable for underground construction engineering.
The above description is only an example of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: considering that rainwater flows into the blind ditch due to the influence of peripheral topography outside the blind ditch catchment range boundary of the underground building engineering, introducing a correction coefficient of a peripheral catchment environment, and designing the total drainage amount of the blind ditch:
Qs＝λq(1-Ψ0)F (1)
in the formula (1), Qs is the total drainage amount of the blind ditch, lambda is a correction coefficient considering the surrounding catchment environment, 1.3-1.5 is taken, q is the design rainstorm intensity, and the value psi is calculated according to the 4.1.9 in the article text of the design Specification for outdoor drainage (GB50014-2021)0In order to synthesize the runoff coefficient, the parameters which affect the surface runoff and change along with the difference of the road surface types are considered, and the parameters are taken as follows: the urban building dense area is 0.60-0.70, the urban building dense area is 0.45-0.60, the urban building sparse area is 0.20-0.45, or a weighted average mode is adopted for fine calculation, F is the catchment area of the blind ditch, the blind ditch is taken as a central line, the ground ranges of 15 meters on two sides are the influence relevant ranges of the blind ditch, namely, the F values are as follows: 30 × french length;
step two: designing n pipeline access points on the blind ditch to be connected with a comprehensive pipe network drainage main pipe, discharging rainwater in the blind ditch in time, and providing a corrected blind ditch design flow calculation formula;
in formula (2): q is designed flow of the blind ditch; kmTaking the permeability coefficient of the filter material of the drainage layer, and taking the value according to the permeability coefficient table of the rock block of the drainage layer; w is the area of the section of the blind ditch, wherein w is bh, b is the bottom width of the blind ditch, and h is the height of the blind ditch; i is the drainage slope, which means the fall of the unit distance of the blind ditch and is 1 to 2 percent; η is a correction coefficient considering the unevenness of the access points, and when the number n of the access points is less than 5, η is 0.8; when the number n of access points is greater than 15, η is 0.5; when the number of the access points n is 5-15, taking line interpolation;
step three: and integrally optimizing parameters such as the number n of blind ditch access points, the cross section size of the blind ditches and the like to obtain a final blind ditch arrangement scheme and the cross section size of the blind ditches:
n＝Qs/Q (3)
if the calculated value of the number n of the blind ditch access points is a decimal number, only entering but not rounding;
and (3) obtaining a specific numerical value of the access point n according to the trial value of the blind ditch section w through the formulas (1) to (3), and finishing the layout design of the blind ditch.
2. A blind ditch design method for underground construction work according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising: obtaining a blind ditch arrangement scheme according to the main structure condition and the peripheral soil property condition of the blind ditch constructional engineering: for a fully-buried basement, the blind ditch adopts a shallow burying mode, but the tail end of the blind ditch is ensured to discharge water into the main drainage pipe of the comprehensive pipe network; for a semi-open basement, the blind ditch is arranged at the corner of an outer wall in a deep-buried mode, and rainwater or underground water is drained into the main drainage pipe of the comprehensive pipe network through the slope self-flowing of the blind ditch.
3. A blind ditch design method for underground construction work according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the shallow burying is that the position 1m below the ground is not higher than the top plate of the basement; the deep burying refers to the position close to the bottom plate of the basement.
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