CN114318591B - Two-dimensional graphene fiber, preparation method and application - Google Patents

Two-dimensional graphene fiber, preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN114318591B
CN114318591B CN202210095590.5A CN202210095590A CN114318591B CN 114318591 B CN114318591 B CN 114318591B CN 202210095590 A CN202210095590 A CN 202210095590A CN 114318591 B CN114318591 B CN 114318591B
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graphene oxide
fiber
graphene
coating
film
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CN114318591A (en
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葛翔
李壮
石燕军
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Changzhou Fuxi Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional graphene fiber and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: coating graphene oxide slurry on a groove substrate to obtain a graphene oxide coating, wherein the coating direction is X direction; carrying out semi-drying treatment on the graphene oxide coating; stretching the substrate along the Y direction of the other plane, straightening the wavy part of the substrate, and splitting the semi-dried graphene oxide coating into a plurality of fiber coatings which are arranged in parallel; further drying to completely dry, and then stripping from the substrate to obtain graphene oxide fibers; carbonizing and graphitizing graphene oxide fibers to obtain graphene foam fibers; and carrying out calendaring treatment on the graphene foam fiber to obtain the two-dimensional graphene fiber. The invention also discloses application of the novel compound. The invention has regular lamellar stacked structure on microcosmic scale and smaller porosity.

Description

Two-dimensional graphene fiber, preparation method and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to a two-dimensional graphene fiber, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of heat conduction and dissipation.
Background
Graphene fibers, an irregularly layered structure fiber formed from graphene oxide through in-plane and interlaminar physical or chemical crosslinking. The existing method for preparing the graphene fiber mainly comprises a hydrothermal one-step self-assembly method, a liquid crystal spinning method, a chemical vapor deposition method and a wet spinning method.
Hydrothermal one-step self-assembly: placing the aqueous suspension of Graphene Oxide (GO) in a fixed tubular container, heating to remove the solvent, stacking the flaky GO layer by layer, and finally forming graphene oxide fibers in the tubular container.
Liquid crystal spinning method: the GO fiber is prepared by utilizing the chirality and the liquid crystal property of the GO suspension and combining a solution spinning technology; and (3) carrying out reduction treatment to obtain the graphene fiber.
Chemical vapor deposition: and depositing graphene on a two-dimensional plane substrate, stretching along a one-dimensional direction perpendicular to a plane, immersing the graphene in a solvent phase, and drying to obtain the graphene fiber.
Wet spinning: and (3) injecting the GO suspension into a coagulating bath to prepare GO fibers by adopting a conventional wet process, and finally obtaining the graphene fibers through reduction treatment.
The graphene fiber obtained by the method has an irregular internal structure, a large number of pores exist microscopically to form a honeycomb-like structure, and a plurality of defects and chemical functional groups exist, wherein the interlayer spacing of the graphene fiber is generally larger than that of graphite, namely 0.3354nm. The structural defects cause remarkable reduction of electric conduction, heat conduction and other performances of the graphene fiber, and the application of the graphene fiber and the reinforced composite material thereof in the fields of electric conduction, heat dissipation and the like is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The graphene fiber prepared by the existing process method has significantly reduced electrical property and thermal property due to internal defects and pores, and is greatly limited in application in the fields of electric conduction, heat conduction and heat dissipation. The invention aims to provide a two-dimensional graphene fiber with a regular layered stacked structure and smaller porosity, a preparation method and application.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a two-dimensional graphene fiber, comprising:
1) Coating graphene oxide slurry on a groove substrate to obtain a graphene oxide coating, wherein the coating direction is X direction;
2) Carrying out semi-drying treatment on the graphene oxide coating;
3) Stretching the substrate along the Y direction of the other plane, straightening the wavy part of the substrate, and splitting the semi-dried graphene oxide coating into a plurality of fiber coatings which are arranged in parallel;
4) Further drying to completely dry, and then stripping from the substrate to obtain graphene oxide fibers;
5) Carbonizing and graphitizing graphene oxide fibers to obtain graphene foam fibers;
6) And carrying out calendaring treatment on the graphene foam fiber to obtain the two-dimensional graphene fiber.
According to the preparation method, the graphene fiber with the two-dimensional structure is obtained by coating, carbonizing, graphitizing, calendaring and the like. The two-dimensional graphene fiber obtained by the method has regular lamellar structure arrangement in the interior, internal defects and pores are greatly reduced, electrical properties and thermal properties are remarkably improved, and the two-dimensional graphene fiber has wide application prospects in the fields of electric conduction, heat dissipation and the like.
In one embodiment, the groove substrate includes a plurality of grooves arranged along the Y direction, preferably, the grooves are triangular prism-shaped.
In one embodiment, step 1) comprises:
preparing graphene oxide suspension slurry by adopting an ultrasonic stirring process;
filtering impurities in the graphene oxide slurry;
the graphene oxide slurry is coated onto the groove substrate.
In one embodiment, in step 1), the groove substrate is selected from any one of a polymer film, a metal film and a composite film; the polymer film, the metal film and the composite film are compact films or grid cloth films; the mesh fabric film has a warp density of 100 to 600, preferably 200 to 300, and a weft density of 50 to 500, preferably 100 to 200, per inch; if the warp density is lower than 100 roots/inch and/or the weft density is lower than 50 roots/inch, the meshes are too large, so that graphene oxide slurry flows out; if the warp density is higher than 600 roots/inch and/or the weft density is higher than 500 roots/inch, the air permeability is poor, the drying rate is affected, and the layering phenomenon of the dried sample can be caused;
the polymer film is selected from at least one of PET, PE, PP, PTFE, CPP, PS and PI;
the metal film is selected from at least one of copper foil, aluminum foil and iron foil;
the composite film is formed by compounding the high polymer film and the metal film and is selected from at least one of an aluminum plastic film, a copper plastic film and an iron plastic film.
From the viewpoints of economy, convenience, recyclability, etc., a polymer film is preferably used.
In one embodiment, in the step 1), the thickness of the graphene oxide coating is 0.5-5mm, and the thickness of the graphene oxide coating is lower than 0.5mm, so that the obtained graphene oxide film is too thin, and when the graphene oxide film is stretched to be a graphene oxide fiber, the fiber is easy to break; the coating is higher than 5mm, firstly, the graphene oxide is poor in directional arrangement, so that the mechanical strength of the obtained graphene fiber is reduced, cracking can occur, and secondly, in the drying process, the external and internal drying rates are too large, so that cracking is caused; preferably, the thickness of the graphene oxide coating is 1-3mm or 2-4mm.
In one embodiment, in step 1), the graphene oxide slurry contains at least one of water, ethanol, methanol, xylene, azamethylpyrrolidone and N, N-dimethylformamide, and the solid content is 0.5wt.% to 10wt.%, and the solid content is less than 0.5wt.%, so that the slurry is too thin and easily left outside the substrate; the solid content is higher than 10 wt%, and the slurry is too thick to be coated; more preferably 1wt.% to 9wt.%, most preferably 2wt.% to 8wt.%.
In one embodiment, in the step 2), the temperature of the semi-drying treatment is 100 ℃ or lower or normal temperature, and the drying is too fast when the temperature exceeds 100 ℃, which is not beneficial to the control of semi-drying; the solid content of the oxidized graphene coating after the semi-drying treatment is 50-80 wt%, the solid content is lower than 50 wt%, and the drying degree is not enough to be easily damaged when being stretched; above 80wt.% solids content, excessive drying and tearing of some parts.
In one embodiment, in step 4), the further drying treatment temperature is 80-150 ℃, and below 80 ℃, the drying efficiency is too low, the fiber cannot shrink rapidly (especially in the thickness direction), is not dense enough, and has too low strength; above 150 ℃, the drying is too fast and the cracking is easy.
In one embodiment, step 4) comprises:
and stripping the two-dimensional graphene oxide fiber and the substrate film, and respectively rolling to obtain a continuous two-dimensional graphene oxide fiber roll.
In one embodiment, in step 5), the graphene oxide fibers are carbonized at a temperature of 300-1600 ℃, preferably 800-1200 ℃; the carbonization time is 2-72h, preferably 5-10h, the temperature is lower than 300 ℃ and/or the time is lower than 2h, and the carbonization can not be performed sufficiently; the temperature is higher than 1600 ℃ and or the time exceeds 72 hours, so that the carbonization furnace is easily damaged, and the sample is also damaged;
graphitizing the graphene oxide fibers at 2400-3300 ℃, preferably 2800-3000 ℃; graphitization time is 2-36h, preferably 5-10h, temperature is lower than 2400 ℃ and/or time is lower than 2h, and sufficient graphitization cannot be performed; the temperature is higher than 3300 ℃ and or the time exceeds 36 hours, so that the graphitization furnace is easily damaged, and the sample is also damaged.
In one embodiment, in step 6), the pressure is 1-100Mpa, the pressure is lower than 1Mpa, and the compression is insufficient; the pressure is higher than 100MPa, so that the sample is crushed; preferably 30-90MPa.
Preferably, the calendaring rate is 1-10m/min, less than 1m/min, the efficiency is too low; above 10m/min, the calendaring effect cannot be ensured; vacuum calendering may be employed.
According to another aspect of the invention, a two-dimensional graphene fiber prepared by the method is provided.
In one embodiment, the two-dimensional graphene fibers are microscopically a regular layered stack structure; the two-dimensional graphene fibers are closely arranged inside and have smaller porosity, and preferably are microscopically of a graphite-like layered stacked structure with a density of 1.0-2.2g/cm 3
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of the above-described two-dimensional graphene fiber for the preparation of at least one of an electrically conductive, thermally conductive and heat-dissipating product.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of a two-dimensional graphene fiber as described above in at least one of an electrically conductive, thermally conductive and heat dissipating product.
The graphene fiber has a two-dimensional structure, namely the width of the cross section is far greater than the height; the two-dimensional graphene fiber is in a regular layered stacked structure microscopically; the two-dimensional graphene fibers are closely arranged inside, the porosity is smaller, the density is larger, and the density reaches more than 2.0g/cm < 3 >; the two-dimensional graphene fiber has higher electric conductivity and thermal conductivity, and is equivalent to a graphene heat conducting film.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the two-dimensional graphene fiber is simple in process, high in continuity and easy to popularize;
the obtained graphene fiber has a remarkable two-dimensional structure and is regularly arranged inside;
the two-dimensional graphene fiber has higher density, excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and is comparable to a graphene heat conducting film;
the two-dimensional graphene fiber has wide application prospects in the fields of electric conduction, heat dissipation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing a two-dimensional graphene fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a grooved substrate in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a groove of the groove substrate of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of two-dimensional graphene fibers of example 4 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, but the invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The starting materials are available from published commercial sources unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation method of a two-dimensional graphene fiber according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the preparation method includes:
1) Coating graphene oxide slurry on a groove substrate to obtain a graphene oxide coating, wherein the coating direction is X direction;
2) Carrying out semi-drying treatment on the graphene oxide coating;
3) Stretching the substrate along the Y direction of the other plane, straightening the wavy part of the substrate, and splitting the semi-dried graphene oxide coating into a plurality of fiber coatings which are arranged in parallel;
4) Further drying to completely dry, and then stripping from the substrate to obtain graphene oxide fibers;
5) Carbonizing and graphitizing graphene oxide fibers to obtain graphene foam fibers;
6) And carrying out calendaring treatment on the graphene foam fiber to obtain the two-dimensional graphene fiber.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the groove base material includes a plurality of grooves arranged in the Y direction, and preferably, the grooves are in a triangular prism shape.
In examples 1-6 of the present invention, two-dimensional graphite fibers were prepared using the above process and the process parameters were shown in the form of table 1 below:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003490903100000061
For the samples obtained in the above examples, the following test methods were used to test the physical properties at 25 ℃):
(1) Density was tested using ASTM D792-2007;
(2) Thermal diffusivity was measured using ASTM E1461-2001;
(3) Specific heat capacity was measured using ASTM E1269-2018;
when the thermal diffusivity is tested, a plurality of two-dimensional graphite fibers are tightly arranged in order, the cross section area of the two-dimensional graphite fibers is phi 12.7mm, after the two-dimensional graphite fibers are tightly tied, the two-dimensional graphite fibers are cut short, the height of the two-dimensional graphite fibers is set to be 5mm, a disc sample is obtained, and the longitudinal thermal diffusivity of the disc sample is tested.
The thermal conductivity of the sample was calculated according to the following formula:
thermal conductivity = thermal diffusivity x density x specific heat capacity.
The physical properties of the disk samples of the above examples at 25℃are shown in Table 2 below:
TABLE 2
Examples Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6
Density (g/cm) 3 ) 1.83 2.21 2.18 2.20 2.18 2.19
Coefficient of thermal diffusivity (mm) 2 ) 654.32 727.77 814.64 892.91 856.78 843.16
Specific heat (J/g/K) 0.67 0.74 0.72 0.70 0.70 0.71
Coefficient of thermal conductivity (W/m/K) 802.26 1190.20 1278.66 1375.08 1307.45 1311.03
Fig. 4 is an SEM image of the two-dimensional graphene fiber of example 4 of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 4, and as shown in fig. 4 and 5, it can be clearly seen that the two-dimensional graphene fiber of the present invention has a microscopically regular layered stack structure.
Comparative example
In this comparative example, a planar substrate was used instead of a grooved substrate, and the other conditions were the same as in example 3. The test results show that after semi-drying, the planar substrate cannot be stretched, so that the graphene oxide layer cannot be separated into fibers, and finally only the graphene oxide film can be obtained, the graphene oxide fibers cannot be obtained, and finally the graphene fibers cannot be obtained.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (25)

1. A method for preparing a two-dimensional graphene fiber, characterized by: comprising the following steps:
1) Coating graphene oxide slurry on a groove substrate to obtain a graphene oxide coating, wherein the coating direction is X direction;
2) Carrying out semi-drying treatment on the graphene oxide coating;
3) Stretching the substrate along the Y direction of the other plane, straightening the wavy part of the substrate, and splitting the semi-dried graphene oxide coating into a plurality of fiber coatings which are arranged in parallel;
4) Further drying to completely dry, and then stripping from the substrate to obtain graphene oxide fibers;
5) Carbonizing and graphitizing graphene oxide fibers to obtain graphene foam fibers;
6) And carrying out calendaring treatment on the graphene foam fiber to obtain the two-dimensional graphene fiber.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the groove base material comprises a plurality of grooves which are distributed along the Y direction.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the grooves are triangular prism-shaped.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), the groove base material is selected from any one of a polymer film, a metal film and a composite film.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the polymer film, the metal film and the composite film are compact films or grid cloth films.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the warp density of the mesh fabric film is 100-600 roots/inch, and the weft density is 50-500 roots/inch.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: the warp density of the mesh fabric film is 200-300 roots/inch, and the weft density is 100-200 roots/inch.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the polymer film is selected from at least one of PET, PE, PP, PTFE, CPP, PS and PI.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the metal film is selected from at least one of copper foil, aluminum foil and iron foil.
10. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the composite film is formed by compounding the high polymer film and the metal film and is selected from at least one of an aluminum plastic film, a copper plastic film and an iron plastic film.
11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), the thickness of the graphene oxide coating is 0.5-5mm.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein: the thickness of the graphene oxide coating is 1-3mm or 2-4mm.
13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), the solvent in the graphene oxide slurry is at least one of water, ethanol, methanol, xylene, nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone and N, N-dimethylformamide, and the solid content is 0.5wt.% to 10wt.%.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein: the graphene oxide slurry has a solids content of 1wt.% to 9wt.%.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein: the graphene oxide slurry has a solids content of 2wt.% to 8wt.%.
16. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2), the temperature of the semi-drying treatment is below 100 ℃ or normal temperature; the solid content of the oxidized graphene coating after the semi-drying treatment is 50-80 wt.%;
in step 4), the temperature of the further drying treatment is 80-150 ℃.
17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5), the carbonization temperature of the graphene oxide fiber is 300-1600 ℃; the carbonization time is 2-72h.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: the temperature for carbonizing the graphene oxide fiber is 800-1200 ℃; the carbonization time is 5-10h.
19. The method according to claim 17, wherein: in the step 5), graphitizing the graphene oxide fiber at 2400-3300 ℃; the graphitization time is 2-36h.
20. The method according to claim 19, wherein: the graphitizing temperature of the graphene oxide fiber is 2800-3000 ℃; graphitization time is 5-10h.
21. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 6), the pressure is 1-100MPa.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein: the pressure is 30-90MPa.
23. The two-dimensional graphene fiber prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 22.
24. The two-dimensional graphene fiber of claim 23, wherein: the two-dimensional graphene fiber is microscopically of a graphite-like layered stacked structure, and the density is 1.0-2.2g/cm < 3 >.
25. Use of the two-dimensional graphene fiber of claim 23 or 24 in at least one of an electrically conductive, thermally conductive and heat dissipating product.
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US9899120B2 (en) * 2012-11-02 2018-02-20 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Graphene oxide-coated graphitic foil and processes for producing same
DE102017129352A1 (en) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-13 Ensinger Gmbh Polymer-based substrate and process for its preparation
CN109750391B (en) * 2019-02-12 2021-09-03 青岛大学 System and method for preparing graphene fibers by positive pressure spinning method
CN113480328B (en) * 2021-07-26 2023-04-14 北京中石伟业科技无锡有限公司 Large-scale graphene heat-conducting roll film and preparation method thereof

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