CN114318011A - Metal magnesium smelting device and process by full-continuous thermal reduction method - Google Patents
Metal magnesium smelting device and process by full-continuous thermal reduction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114318011A CN114318011A CN202210089308.2A CN202210089308A CN114318011A CN 114318011 A CN114318011 A CN 114318011A CN 202210089308 A CN202210089308 A CN 202210089308A CN 114318011 A CN114318011 A CN 114318011A
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal magnesium smelting device adopting a full-continuous thermal reduction method, which comprises a mixing feeder, a spiral feeder, a melting and reducing furnace, a slag magnesium separator, a magnesium liquid condenser, a magnesium liquid sealing device and a magnesium ingot casting machine which are sequentially connected; the smelting process comprises the following steps: (1) crushing dolomite, roasting, grinding and sieving to obtain calcined dolomite powder; (2) mixing silicon and aluminum, crushing, grinding and sieving to obtain silicon-aluminum alloy powder; (3) after being uniformly mixed, the calcium fluoride is added, and then the mixture is added into a melting reduction furnace through a mixing feeder and a spiral feeder in sequence to be heated; (4) under the vacuum condition, magnesium vapor enters a slag-magnesium separator, is subjected to slag removal, enters a magnesium liquid condenser, is condensed into liquid magnesium, and then enters a magnesium ingot casting machine through a magnesium liquid sealing device. The invention adopts spiral feeding, magnesium liquid sealing and slag liquid sealing under the vacuum condition, has high automation degree and obvious energy-saving effect, and is a novel resource-saving and environment-friendly magnesium smelting device and a novel magnesium smelting process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting, in particular to a metal magnesium smelting device and a smelting process by a full-continuous thermal reduction method.
Background
The magnesium metal is an energy-saving material with a metal structure with high specific rigidity and specific strength, and is widely applied to industries such as aerospace, weaponry, novel advanced vehicles, mechanical metallurgy chemical engineering and the like.
China is the biggest country for producing magnesium metal in the world, and the magnesium metal production capacity accounts for about 80% of the total production capacity of the world. At present, the technology for smelting magnesium mostly adopts a Pidgeon process, and the technology has the defects of serious pollution, high energy consumption, backward automation degree, high labor cost and larger investment. The biggest defect is high energy consumption, the reason is mainly that the heat transfer mode adopts two modes of radiation and heat transfer under the vacuum condition, the reaction time is as long as 12-13h, a large amount of energy is converted into low-quality hot flue gas with the temperature of about 100-2The discharge amount is more than 20 tons. For this purpose, low energyThe development of a consumable and environment-friendly smelting process is imperative, and a fully continuous, energy-saving and environment-friendly metal magnesium smelting process is developed under the background so as to adapt to the development needs of new trends.
Therefore, how to develop a smelting device and a smelting process for magnesium metal by a fully continuous thermal reduction method is a problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a magnesium metal smelting device and a magnesium metal smelting process by a fully continuous thermal reduction method, so as to solve the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a metal magnesium smelting device adopting a full-continuous thermal reduction method comprises a mixing feeder, a spiral feeder, a melting reduction furnace, a slag magnesium separator, a magnesium liquid condenser, a magnesium liquid sealing device and a magnesium ingot casting machine; wherein, the mixing feeder, the spiral feeder, the melting reduction furnace, the slag-magnesium separator, the magnesium liquid condenser, the magnesium liquid sealing device and the magnesium ingot casting machine are connected in sequence.
The adoption of the further technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the mixing feeder is welded into a conical shape by using low-carbon steel, and the thickness delta of the steel plate is 12 mm; under the conditions of vacuum and temperature, the reduced magnesium vapor enters a slag-magnesium separator with a shell made of ZG Cr25 from an inlet, slag liquid is separated due to high density and high boiling point, and the magnesium vapor cannot enter the slag-magnesium separator; the magnesium vapor is condensed into liquid magnesium due to the temperature reduction of the shell of the slag-magnesium separator, and then automatically flows into the magnesium liquid condenser, and the liquid magnesium is discharged from a magnesium liquid sealing device at the lower part of the magnesium liquid condenser and then enters a magnesium ingot casting machine for ingot casting.
Further, the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full-continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a slag-liquid sealing device, a slag pool and a slag extractor, wherein the melting reduction furnace, the slag-liquid sealing device, the slag pool and the slag extractor are sequentially connected.
The technical scheme has the advantages that magnesium steam reduced in the melting reduction furnace enters the slag-magnesium separator, and reducing slag (magnesium slag liquid) enters the slag-liquid seal device from the lower part of the melting reduction furnace and is discharged.
Further, the device for smelting magnesium metal by the full-continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a variable frequency motor and a plurality of electromagnetic induction heaters, wherein the variable frequency motor is arranged at the top of the spiral feeder, and the plurality of electromagnetic induction heaters are arranged on the surface of the spiral feeder.
The further technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the spiral feeder is divided into two sections, the two sections are respectively welded by using 20g of boiler steel plates, the spiral feeder shell is also divided into two sections, the two sections are respectively made of 20g of boiler steel plates and tungsten steel (WC + TiC + Co) hard alloy materials, and the part of the shell is made of 10# steel. The spiral feeder adopts a variable frequency motor to carry out feeding control, and the motor power is configured by 3-4 times of a calculated value of theoretical shaft power at normal temperature. The shell part of the spiral feeder is provided with an electromagnetic induction heater for heating and reducing the mixture, and the power of the electromagnetic induction heater is in a transition temperature section of 1000-1600 ℃ outside the heating and reducing mixture.
Furthermore, the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full-continuous thermal reduction method further comprises an annular heating electrode I and an annular heating electrode II, wherein the annular heating electrode I is arranged at the top of the melting and reducing furnace, and the annular heating electrode II is arranged at the bottom of the melting and reducing furnace.
The further technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the top and the bottom of the melting and reducing furnace are respectively provided with the annular heating electrodes, wherein the annular heating electrode I is an iron electrode, the annular heating electrode II is a graphite electrode, and the power is designed according to the material quantity. The outer shell of the melting reduction furnace is respectively made of Al from the inner shell2O3More than or equal to 90 percent of refractory material or graphite and Al2O3The refractory material made of the mixture with the diameter being more than or equal to 90 percent is used as an inner lining, the outer shell is welded by a boiler steel plate with the diameter delta being 20g and the diameter delta being 26mm, the steel outer shell is respectively made of silicon-aluminum refractory materials or wrapped by a heat preservation belt, and the outer part is wrapped by glass fiber.
Further, the device for smelting the metal magnesium by the full-continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a vacuum pump interface, a low-boiling-point metal crystallizer and a water cooler, wherein the vacuum pump interface is arranged on the side face of the magnesium liquid condenser, the low-boiling-point metal crystallizer is arranged on the upper portion of the vacuum pump interface, and the water cooler is arranged on the lower portion of the vacuum pump interface.
The further technical scheme has the beneficial effects that under the action of vacuum, a small amount of low-boiling point metals such as zinc, cadmium, lead and the like in the liquid magnesium are evaporated from the liquid magnesium and enter a low-boiling point metal crystallizer for crystallization, and are periodically collected; because the low boiling point metal content is less, the crystallizer can be filled after a long time of production; before the normal vacuum is not influenced, inert gas is filled, the low boiling point metal crystallizer is taken out and replaced, and then a vacuum pump is started to recover the normal reduction process.
Further, the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the fully continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a thermocouple I, a thermocouple II, a thermocouple III, a thermocouple IV and a thermocouple V, wherein the thermocouple I is arranged outside the slag-magnesium separator, the thermocouple II is arranged outside the magnesium liquid condenser, the thermocouple III is arranged outside the low-boiling-point metal crystallizer, the thermocouple IV is arranged outside the magnesium liquid sealing device, and the thermocouple V is arranged outside the slag liquid sealing device.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that the thermocouple is used for measuring temperature.
Further, the device for smelting metal magnesium by the full-continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a radar liquid level meter I and a radar liquid level meter II, wherein the radar liquid level meter I is arranged at the top of the slag-magnesium separator, and the radar liquid level meter II is arranged at the top of the magnesium liquid condenser.
Adopt above-mentioned further technical scheme's beneficial effect to lie in, radar level gauge is used for detecting the liquid level and controls.
Further, the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full-continuous thermal reduction method further comprises an electromagnetic vacuum gauge I, an electromagnetic vacuum gauge II and an electromagnetic vacuum gauge III, wherein the electromagnetic vacuum gauge I is arranged at the top of the slag magnesium separator, the electromagnetic vacuum gauge II is arranged at the top of the magnesium liquid condenser, and the electromagnetic vacuum gauge III is arranged at the top of the vacuum pump interface.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that the electromagnetic vacuum gauge is used for detecting the vacuum degree of each part.
The smelting process of the metal magnesium smelting device by the full-continuous thermal reduction method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing dolomite, roasting, cooling, grinding and sieving to obtain calcined dolomite powder;
(2) mixing silicon and aluminum, crushing, grinding and sieving to obtain silicon-aluminum alloy powder;
(3) uniformly mixing calcined dolomite powder and silicon-aluminum alloy powder, adding calcium fluoride, and then sequentially adding the mixture into a melting reduction furnace through a mixing feeder and a spiral feeder to be heated to respectively obtain magnesium slag liquid and magnesium steam;
(4) under the vacuum condition, magnesium vapor enters a slag-magnesium separator, is subjected to slag removal, enters a magnesium liquid condenser, is condensed into liquid magnesium, and then enters a magnesium ingot casting machine through a magnesium liquid sealing device for ingot casting or is directly prepared into a magnesium alloy product.
Further, in the step (1), the content of magnesium oxide in the dolomite is more than or equal to 20 percent; crushing to particle size of 0.8-1.5cm3(ii) a The roasting equipment is a rotary roasting furnace, and the temperature is 1100-; the cooling device is a forging white material bin; the mesh number of the sieved screen is 80-100 meshes.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that the roasted dolomite is directly added into the clinker silo, and the clinker silo is isolated from air and naturally cooled.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of silicon to aluminum is 1: 1; the mesh number of the sieved screen is 80-100 meshes.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the lining plate of the heat-resistant cast steel lined with ZG Cr25 and the ball mill of the ball chamber type grinding are utilized for grinding.
Further, in the step (3), the addition amount of the calcium fluoride is 3-5% of the mixed mass of the calcined dolomite powder and the silicon-aluminum alloy powder; the outlet temperature of the spiral feeder is 1400-1500 ℃.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that the ingredients are as follows according to the ratio of calcining dolomite powder: adding 0.2 allowance of silicon-aluminum alloy addition amount to the theoretical mixture ratio of silicon-aluminum alloy powder; calcium fluoride is used for increasing the fluidity of the melt; the mixture is reduced and melted under the heating condition of the spiral feeder and enters a melting reduction furnace.
Further, in the step (4), the degree of vacuum under vacuum was 10 Pa.
The further technical scheme has the advantages that because the boiling point of magnesium under vacuum is below 600 ℃, the melt slag entering the melting reduction furnace is gasified from magnesium slag liquid because magnesium element becomes gaseous under the action of vacuum, the gasified magnesium enters the gasification channel from the upper part of the melting reduction furnace, and the magnesium slag liquid is separated from magnesium steam due to high density; magnesium vapor reduced from the melting reduction furnace enters a slag-magnesium separator within 10Pa of vacuum, and the purity of the magnesium vapor is further improved after deslagging.
Further, the smelting process of the metal magnesium smelting device by the full continuous thermal reduction method also comprises the step (5), magnesium slag liquid enters a slag pool through a slag liquid seal device, is chilled by cooling water to form granulated slag, is dried and ground, is discharged by a slag extractor and then is used as quick-setting cement, or is made into mineral wool by air blowing, is collected and bonded with starch to form a mineral wool belt, a mineral wool board or a mineral wool pipe which is used as a heat preservation and heat insulation material.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the dolomite mineral of China is abundant, the invention uses dolomite as raw materials, use high-activity silicon-aluminum alloy as reducing agent, use France original semi-continuous thermal reduction's Magniture craft and apparatus as the basis, adopt the full-continuous method, implement and feed continuously, slag tap continuously, produce the magnesium continuously.
2. The invention adopts spiral feeding, magnesium liquid sealing and slag liquid sealing under the vacuum condition, has high automation degree and obvious energy-saving effect, and is a novel resource-saving and environment-friendly magnesium smelting device and a novel magnesium smelting process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnesium metal smelting device by a fully continuous thermal reduction method according to the present invention;
wherein, 1-a mixed feeder, 2-a spiral feeder, 3-a melting reduction furnace, 4-a slag-magnesium separator, 5-a magnesium liquid condenser, 6-a magnesium liquid seal device, 7-a magnesium ingot casting machine, 8-a slag liquid seal device, 9-a slag pool, 10-a slag extractor, 11-a variable frequency motor, 12-an electromagnetic induction heater, 13-an annular heating electrode I, 14-an annular heating electrode II, 15-a vacuum pump interface, 16-a low boiling point metal crystallizer, 17-a water cooler, 18-a thermocouple I, 19-a thermocouple II, 20-a thermocouple III, 21-a thermocouple IV, 22-a thermocouple V, 23-a radar liquid level meter I, 24-a radar liquid level meter II, 25-an electromagnetic vacuum meter I, 26-an electromagnetic vacuum meter II, 27-electromagnetic vacuum gauge III.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the smelting process of the full continuous thermal reduction method magnesium metal smelting device provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a metal magnesium smelting device by a full-continuous thermal reduction method, which comprises a mixing feeder 1, a spiral feeder 2, a melting reduction furnace 3, a slag magnesium separator 4, a magnesium liquid condenser 5, a magnesium liquid sealing device 6 and a magnesium ingot casting machine 7, wherein the mixing feeder 1 is connected with the spiral feeder 2; wherein, the mixed feeder 1, the spiral feeder 2, the melting and reducing furnace 3, the slag-magnesium separator 4, the magnesium liquid condenser 5, the magnesium liquid sealing device 6 and the magnesium ingot casting machine 7 are connected in sequence. The mixing feeder 1 is manufactured into a conical shape by welding low-carbon steel, and the thickness delta of a steel plate is 12 mm; under the conditions of vacuum and temperature, the reduced magnesium vapor enters a slag-magnesium separator 4 with a shell made of ZG Cr25 from an inlet, slag liquid is separated due to high density and high boiling point, and the magnesium vapor cannot enter the slag-magnesium separator 4; the magnesium vapor is condensed into liquid magnesium due to the temperature reduction of the shell of the slag-magnesium separator 4, and then automatically flows into the magnesium liquid condenser 5, and the liquid magnesium is discharged from the magnesium liquid sealing device 6 at the lower part of the magnesium liquid condenser 5 and then enters the magnesium ingot casting machine 7 for ingot casting.
In one embodiment, the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a slag-liquid seal device 8, a slag pool 9 and a slag extractor 10, wherein the melting reduction furnace 3, the slag-liquid seal device 8, the slag pool 9 and the slag extractor 10 are connected in sequence. Magnesium vapor reduced in the melting reduction furnace 3 enters a slag-magnesium separator 4, and reducing slag (magnesium slag liquid) enters a slag-liquid seal device 8 from the lower part of the melting reduction furnace 3 and is discharged.
In one embodiment, the magnesium metal smelting device adopting the full continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a variable frequency motor 11 and a plurality of electromagnetic induction heaters 12, wherein the variable frequency motor 11 is arranged at the top of the spiral feeder 2, and the plurality of electromagnetic induction heaters 12 are arranged on the surface of the spiral feeder 2. The spiral feeder 2 is divided into two sections, which are respectively welded by using 20g of boiler steel plates, the shell of the spiral feeder 2 is also divided into two sections, which are respectively made of 20g of boiler steel plates and tungsten steel (WC + TiC + Co) hard alloy materials, and the shell is partially made of 10# steel. The spiral feeder 2 adopts a variable frequency motor 11 to perform feeding control, and the motor power is configured by 3-4 times of a calculated value at normal temperature of theoretical shaft power. The shell part of the spiral feeder 2 is provided with an electromagnetic induction heater 12 for heating the reduction mixture, and the power of the electromagnetic induction heater 12 is in a transition temperature section of 1000-1600 ℃ outside the heating reduction mixture.
In one embodiment, the magnesium metal smelting device adopting the full continuous thermal reduction method further comprises an annular heating electrode I13 and an annular heating electrode II 14, wherein the annular heating electrode I13 is arranged at the top of the melting and reducing furnace 3, and the annular heating electrode II 14 is arranged at the bottom of the melting and reducing furnace 3. Annular heating electricity is respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the melting and reducing furnace 3And the annular heating electrode I13 is an iron electrode, the annular heating electrode II 14 is a graphite electrode, and the power is designed according to the material quantity. The outer shell of the melting reduction furnace 3 is respectively made of Al from the inner shell2O3More than or equal to 90 percent of refractory material or graphite and Al2O3The refractory material made of the mixture with the diameter being more than or equal to 90 percent is used as an inner lining, the outer shell is welded by a boiler steel plate with the diameter delta being 20g and the diameter delta being 26mm, the steel outer shell is respectively made of silicon-aluminum refractory materials or wrapped by a heat preservation belt, and the outer part is wrapped by glass fiber.
In one embodiment, the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a vacuum pump interface 15, a low boiling point metal crystallizer 16 and a water cooler 17, wherein the vacuum pump interface 15 is arranged on the side surface of the magnesium liquid condenser 5, the low boiling point metal crystallizer 16 is arranged on the upper part of the vacuum pump interface 15, and the water cooler 17 is arranged on the lower part of the vacuum pump interface 15. Under the action of vacuum, a small amount of low-boiling point metals such as zinc, cadmium, lead and the like in the liquid magnesium are evaporated from the liquid magnesium and enter a low-boiling point metal crystallizer 16 for crystallization, and are periodically collected; because the low boiling point metal content is less, the crystallizer can be filled after a long time of production; before the normal vacuum is not affected, inert gas is filled, the low boiling point metal crystallizer 16 is taken out and replaced, and then the vacuum pump is started to recover the normal reduction process.
In one embodiment, the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a thermocouple I18, a thermocouple II 19, a thermocouple III 20, a thermocouple IV 21 and a thermocouple V22, wherein the thermocouple I18 is arranged outside the slag-magnesium separator 4, the thermocouple II 19 is arranged outside the magnesium liquid condenser 5, the thermocouple III 20 is arranged outside the low boiling point metal crystallizer 16, the thermocouple IV 21 is arranged outside the magnesium liquid sealing device 6, and the thermocouple V22 is arranged outside the slag liquid sealing device 8. In the invention, the thermocouple is used for measuring temperature.
In one embodiment, the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full-continuous thermal reduction method further comprises a radar liquid level meter I23 and a radar liquid level meter II 24, wherein the radar liquid level meter I23 is arranged at the top of the slag magnesium separator 4, and the radar liquid level meter II 24 is arranged at the top of the magnesium liquid condenser 5. In the invention, the radar liquid level meter is used for detecting the liquid level and controlling the liquid level.
In one embodiment, the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full-continuous thermal reduction method further comprises an electromagnetic vacuum gauge I25, an electromagnetic vacuum gauge II 26 and an electromagnetic vacuum gauge III 27, wherein the electromagnetic vacuum gauge I25 is arranged at the top of the slag magnesium separator 4, the electromagnetic vacuum gauge II 26 is arranged at the top of the magnesium liquid condenser 5, and the electromagnetic vacuum gauge III 27 is arranged at the top of the vacuum pump interface 15. In the invention, the electromagnetic vacuum gauge is used for detecting the vacuum degree of each part.
Example 1
A smelting process of the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full-continuous thermal reduction method, as shown in figure 2, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing dolomite with magnesium oxide content more than or equal to 20% to granularity of 1cm3Adding the mixture into a rotary roasting furnace for roasting at 1200 ℃, adding the mixture into a white forging bin, isolating air, naturally cooling, grinding, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain calcined dolomite powder;
(2) mixing silicon and aluminum according to the mass ratio of 1:1, crushing, grinding, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain silicon-aluminum alloy powder;
(3) uniformly mixing calcined dolomite powder and silicon-aluminum alloy powder, adding 4% by mass of calcium fluoride, and then sequentially adding the mixture into a melting reduction furnace 3 through a mixing feeder 1 and a spiral feeder 2 with an outlet temperature of 1450 ℃ for heating to respectively obtain magnesium slag liquid and magnesium steam;
(4) under the vacuum condition with the vacuum degree of 10Pa, magnesium vapor enters a slag-magnesium separator 4, is subjected to slag removal, enters a magnesium liquid condenser 5, is condensed into liquid magnesium, and then enters a magnesium ingot casting machine 7 through a magnesium liquid sealing device 6 for ingot casting or is directly prepared into a magnesium alloy product;
(5) magnesium slag liquid enters a slag pool 9 through a slag liquid sealing device 8, is chilled by cooling water to form granulated slag, is dried and ground, is discharged through a slag extractor 10 and then is used as quick-setting cement, or is made into mineral wool through air blowing, is collected and bonded with starch to form a mineral wool belt, a mineral wool board or a mineral wool pipe which is used as a heat-insulating material.
Example 2
A smelting process of the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full-continuous thermal reduction method, as shown in figure 2, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing dolomite with magnesium oxide content more than or equal to 20% to granularity of 0.8cm3Adding the mixture into a rotary roasting furnace for roasting at 1100 ℃, adding the mixture into a white forging bin, isolating the mixture from air, naturally cooling the mixture, grinding the mixture, and sieving the ground mixture by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain calcined dolomite powder;
(2) mixing silicon and aluminum according to the mass ratio of 1:1, crushing, grinding, and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain silicon-aluminum alloy powder;
(3) uniformly mixing calcined dolomite powder and silicon-aluminum alloy powder, adding 3% by mass of calcium fluoride, sequentially adding the mixture into a mixing feeder 1 and a spiral feeder 2 with an outlet temperature of 1400 ℃ into a melting reduction furnace 3, and heating to respectively obtain magnesium slag liquid and magnesium steam;
(4) under the vacuum condition with the vacuum degree of 10Pa, magnesium vapor enters a slag-magnesium separator 4, is subjected to slag removal, enters a magnesium liquid condenser 5, is condensed into liquid magnesium, and then enters a magnesium ingot casting machine 7 through a magnesium liquid sealing device 6 for ingot casting or is directly prepared into a magnesium alloy product;
(5) magnesium slag liquid enters a slag pool 9 through a slag liquid sealing device 8, is chilled by cooling water to form granulated slag, is dried and ground, is discharged through a slag extractor 10 and then is used as quick-setting cement, or is made into mineral wool through air blowing, is collected and bonded with starch to form a mineral wool belt, a mineral wool board or a mineral wool pipe which is used as a heat-insulating material.
Example 3
A smelting process of the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full-continuous thermal reduction method, as shown in figure 2, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing dolomite with magnesium oxide content more than or equal to 20% to granularity of 1.5cm3Adding the mixture into a rotary roasting furnace for roasting at 1200 ℃, adding the mixture into a white forging bin, isolating air, naturally cooling, grinding, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain calcined dolomite powder;
(2) mixing silicon and aluminum according to the mass ratio of 1:1, crushing, grinding, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain silicon-aluminum alloy powder;
(3) uniformly mixing calcined dolomite powder and silicon-aluminum alloy powder, adding 5% by mass of calcium fluoride, sequentially adding the mixture into a mixing feeder 1 and a spiral feeder 2 with an outlet temperature of 1500 ℃ into a melting reduction furnace 3 for heating, and respectively obtaining magnesium slag liquid and magnesium steam;
(4) under the vacuum condition with the vacuum degree of 10Pa, magnesium vapor enters a slag-magnesium separator 4, is subjected to slag removal, enters a magnesium liquid condenser 5, is condensed into liquid magnesium, and then enters a magnesium ingot casting machine 7 through a magnesium liquid sealing device 6 for ingot casting or is directly prepared into a magnesium alloy product;
(5) magnesium slag liquid enters a slag pool 9 through a slag liquid sealing device 8, is chilled by cooling water to form granulated slag, is dried and ground, is discharged through a slag extractor 10 and then is used as quick-setting cement, or is made into mineral wool through air blowing, is collected and bonded with starch to form a mineral wool belt, a mineral wool board or a mineral wool pipe which is used as a heat-insulating material.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the dolomite mineral of China is abundant, the invention uses dolomite as raw materials, use high-activity silicon-aluminum alloy as reducing agent, use France original semi-continuous thermal reduction's Magniture craft and apparatus as the basis, adopt the full-continuous method, implement and feed continuously, slag tap continuously, produce the magnesium continuously.
2. The invention adopts spiral feeding, magnesium liquid sealing and slag liquid sealing under the vacuum condition, has high automation degree and obvious energy-saving effect, and is a novel resource-saving and environment-friendly magnesium smelting device and a novel magnesium smelting process.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A metal magnesium smelting device adopting a full-continuous thermal reduction method is characterized by comprising a mixing feeder, a spiral feeder, a melting and reducing furnace, a slag magnesium separator, a magnesium liquid condenser, a magnesium liquid sealing device and a magnesium ingot casting machine;
the mixing feeder, the spiral feeder, the melting and reducing furnace, the slag-magnesium separator, the magnesium liquid condenser, the magnesium liquid sealing device and the magnesium ingot casting machine are sequentially connected.
2. The metal magnesium smelting device according to claim 1, further comprising a slag-liquid seal device, a slag pool and a slag extractor, wherein the melting reduction furnace, the slag-liquid seal device, the slag pool and the slag extractor are connected in sequence.
3. The magnesium metal smelting device according to claim 2, further comprising a variable frequency motor and a plurality of electromagnetic induction heaters, wherein the variable frequency motor is arranged at the top of the spiral feeder, and the plurality of electromagnetic induction heaters are arranged on the surface of the spiral feeder.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising an annular heating electrode I and an annular heating electrode II, wherein the annular heating electrode I is disposed at the top of the smelting reduction furnace, and the annular heating electrode II is disposed at the bottom of the smelting reduction furnace.
5. The metal magnesium smelting device according to claim 4, further comprising a vacuum pump interface, a low boiling point metal crystallizer and a water cooler, wherein the vacuum pump interface is arranged on the side surface of the magnesium liquid condenser, the low boiling point metal crystallizer is arranged on the upper portion of the vacuum pump interface, and the water cooler is arranged on the lower portion of the vacuum pump interface.
6. The metal magnesium smelting device by the full-continuous thermal reduction method according to claim 5, further comprising a thermocouple I, a thermocouple II, a thermocouple III, a thermocouple IV and a thermocouple V, wherein the thermocouple I is arranged outside the slag-magnesium separator, the thermocouple II is arranged outside the magnesium liquid condenser, the thermocouple III is arranged outside the low boiling point metal crystallizer, the thermocouple IV is arranged outside the magnesium liquid sealing device, and the thermocouple V is arranged outside the slag-liquid sealing device.
7. The metal magnesium smelting device by the full-continuous thermal reduction method according to claim 6, further comprising a radar level gauge I and a radar level gauge II, wherein the radar level gauge I is arranged at the top of the slag-magnesium separator, and the radar level gauge II is arranged at the top of the magnesium liquid condenser.
8. The metal magnesium smelting device by the full-continuous thermal reduction method according to claim 7, further comprising an electromagnetic vacuum gauge I, an electromagnetic vacuum gauge II and an electromagnetic vacuum gauge III, wherein the electromagnetic vacuum gauge I is arranged at the top of the slag magnesium separator, the electromagnetic vacuum gauge II is arranged at the top of the magnesium liquid condenser, and the electromagnetic vacuum gauge III is arranged at the top of the vacuum pump interface.
9. A smelting process of a metal magnesium smelting device by a full continuous thermal reduction method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing dolomite, roasting, cooling, grinding and sieving to obtain calcined dolomite powder;
(2) mixing silicon and aluminum, crushing, grinding and sieving to obtain silicon-aluminum alloy powder;
(3) uniformly mixing calcined dolomite powder and silicon-aluminum alloy powder, adding calcium fluoride, and then sequentially adding the mixture into a melting reduction furnace through a mixing feeder and a spiral feeder to be heated to respectively obtain magnesium slag liquid and magnesium steam;
(4) under the vacuum condition, magnesium vapor enters a slag-magnesium separator, is subjected to slag removal, enters a magnesium liquid condenser, is condensed into liquid magnesium, and then enters a magnesium ingot casting machine through a magnesium liquid sealing device for ingot casting or is directly prepared into a magnesium alloy product.
10. The smelting process of the metal magnesium smelting device adopting the full-continuous thermal reduction method according to claim 9, wherein in the step (1), the content of magnesium oxide in the dolomite is more than or equal to 20%; crushing to a particle size of 0.8-1.5cm3(ii) a The roasting equipment is a rotary roasting furnace, and the temperature is 1100-1200 ℃; the cooling device is a forging white material bin; the mesh number of the sieved screen is 80-100 meshes;
in the step (2), the mass ratio of the silicon to the aluminum is 1: 1; the mesh number of the sieved screen is 80-100 meshes;
in the step (3), the addition amount of the calcium fluoride is 3-5% of the mixed mass of the calcined dolomite powder and the silicon-aluminum alloy powder; the outlet temperature of the spiral feeder is 1400-1500 ℃;
in the step (4), the vacuum degree under the vacuum condition is 10 Pa;
and (5) the magnesium slag liquid enters a slag pool through a slag liquid sealing device, is chilled by cooling water to form granulated slag, is dried and ground, is discharged by a slag extractor and then is used as quick-setting cement, or is made into mineral wool through air blowing, is collected and bonded with starch to form a mineral wool belt, a mineral wool board or a mineral wool pipe which is used as a heat-insulating material.
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| CN105420516A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-23 | 孙克本 | Novel process for continuously smelting magnesium metal with electric furnace |
| CN107574319A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-12 | 闻喜县远华冶金材料有限公司 | High purity magnesium semi-continuous distillation production method |
| CN110512094A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-29 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | It is a kind of cleaning, continuous reducing metal magnesium technique |
| CN216786227U (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-06-21 | 郭建文 | Metal magnesium smelting device adopting full-continuous thermal reduction method |
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- 2022-01-25 CN CN202210089308.2A patent/CN114318011A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105420516A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-23 | 孙克本 | Novel process for continuously smelting magnesium metal with electric furnace |
| CN107574319A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-12 | 闻喜县远华冶金材料有限公司 | High purity magnesium semi-continuous distillation production method |
| CN110512094A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-29 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | It is a kind of cleaning, continuous reducing metal magnesium technique |
| CN216786227U (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-06-21 | 郭建文 | Metal magnesium smelting device adopting full-continuous thermal reduction method |
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