CN114317891A - Vacuum induction melting desulfurization process for alloy steel - Google Patents
Vacuum induction melting desulfurization process for alloy steel Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nickel Chemical compound [Mg].[Ni] ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910008455 Si—Ca Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000275031 Nica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005441 aurora Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum induction melting desulfurization process for alloy steel, which comprises the steps of material preparation, charging, melting, refining, deoxidation and desulfurization, and is characterized in that: the operation process of the desulfurization step comprises the following steps: and (3) reducing the temperature of the molten steel to 1540-1560 ℃, filling argon into the furnace until the pressure reaches 60-80 KPa, adding the desulfurization alloy and pre-melted slag, melting, and stirring for desulfurization. Compared with the prior art, the desulfurization process can adopt the conventional raw materials and the magnesia crucible to produce high-strength steel, high-purity stainless steel and high-purity die steel with the sulfur content lower than 10ppm, does not need to select and use low-sulfur raw materials and the calcia crucible, and has the characteristics of low cost and simple operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alloy steel desulfurization, and particularly relates to a vacuum induction melting desulfurization process for alloy steel.
Background
The sulfur element is regarded as an impurity element for most steel grades, and the steel grade has high sulfur element content and increased sulfide inclusion, so that the impact toughness and the corrosion resistance of the material are reduced. Therefore, in the production of such steel sections, control of the sulfur element is required as low as possible.
According to market demands, high-strength steel, high-purity stainless steel and high-purity die steel are all produced by adopting a smelting process of vacuum induction smelting and vacuum consumable remelting at present. Because the vacuum consumable remelting can not have the desulfurization capability like electroslag remelting, the vacuum induction melting desulfurization effect is poor, and when the materials are produced according to a double-vacuum melting process in the industry, a means of selecting low-sulfur raw materials is adopted to control the sulfur content of finished products. However, low sulfur feedstocks are expensive, resulting in high material costs for the process. Therefore, it is a main research direction how to perform desulfurization in vacuum induction melting.
Special for publication No. CN112626313AThe application discloses a method for smelting and desulfurizing a stainless steel welding material, wherein a prefabricated calcium oxide crucible is adopted in the smelting process, smelting raw materials including pure iron, aurora nickel, high-purity metal chromium, metal silicon and electrolytic manganese are selected, the surface of the pure iron is subjected to acid pickling and rust removal, the raw materials are dried and added into the crucible, an ingot mould, a heat preservation cap and a pouring cup are dried at high temperature and placed into a hearth, and the content of rare earth lanthanum in a stainless steel ingot is less than or equal to 0.03 percent by mass. A ZG-0.025 type vacuum induction smelting furnace is adopted to smelt 308L stainless steel cast ingots, and the technological parameters are as follows: vacuumizing to 0.01Pa, 18 kW: 20 min; 28kW until molten; refining for 15min under the vacuum degree of 0.05Pa, and electromagnetically stirring; pre-deoxidizing by using carbon in the raw material; vacuum reduction low power to 5kW, freezing and air release, 3 min: freezing and deflating, increasing the power to 20kW, and repeating for 3 times; the diffusion pump, the roots pump and the mechanical pump are closed in sequence, and high-purity argon is filled in the vacuum until the vacuum degree is 1.5 multiplied by 103Pa, 15kW, adding deoxidizing elements of rare earth lanthanum, silicon and volatile element of manganese, and electromagnetically stirring; reducing the power to 10kW, pouring, cooling, taking out the cast ingot, and cutting off a riser. The method needs repeated freezing and air-releasing treatment, the operation is complex, and the calcium oxide crucible has the defects of easy hydration and easy cracking.
The patent application with publication number CN102534122A discloses an ultra-pure smelting method of low-alloy high-strength steel, and the specific process of vacuum induction smelting is as follows: (1) the melting crucible is a 50kg CaO forming crucible, and the purity of CaO is more than or equal to 98.5 wt%; (2) alloy raw materials: according to the requirements of components, the steel comprises the components of industrial pure Fe, polysilicon, metal manganese, metal chromium and the like, and a deoxidizing agent and a desulfurizing agent. In the step, the deoxidizing agent and the desulfurizing agent are Si-Ca intermediate alloy: si: 25 wt% and Ca75 wt%. (3) Alloy charging: filling main raw materials of Fe, Cr and Si into a crucible, and filling Mn, deoxidization and desulfurization agents into different lattices of an alloy charging hopper; (4) melting the alloy: closing the furnace, vacuumizing to less than 1Pa, starting power transmission, preserving heat for 5 minutes at 40KW, and then removing heat at 60 KW; (5) alloy refining: after alloying is clear, the temperature is raised to 1710 ℃ under 45KW for 5 minutes, 20KW is kept warm for 20 minutes, and refining is carried out; (6) alloy condensation: after refining, power is cut off and the alloy is condensed to be below the melting point of the alloy (the surface of the molten steel is solidified, and no molten steel flows when the crucible is turned over); (7) alloy final deoxidation and desulfurization: closing a vacuum valve, introducing argon for protection, transmitting 50KW power to the condensed molten steel for clearing, reducing the power to 20KW, adding a deoxidizing agent and a desulfurizing agent, stirring for 1 minute under 40KW, continuing to preserve the temperature under 20KW, and simultaneously vacuumizing (the vacuum degree is less than 1Pa) for 10 minutes to remove the redundant deoxidizing agent and desulfurizing agent (an oxide film on the surface of the molten steel is completely flushed away to achieve a film-free state). In the step, the deoxidizing agent and the desulfurizing agent are Si-Ca intermediate alloy: si: 25 wt%, Ca: 75 wt%. (8) Alloy casting: and (3) cutting off power and reducing the temperature, supplying 50KW when the molten steel stops flowing, adjusting the temperature and pouring, and reducing the S content to 24-30 ppm. The method needs a high-purity calcium oxide crucible, and needs high vacuum degree (less than 1Pa) during desulfurization.
Patent application with publication number CN109423535A discloses a technique for vacuum induction melting deep desulfurization of high-temperature alloy, which comprises the following steps: a. and (3) desulfurization pretreatment: o, N is removed by long-time high-temperature refining after charging and melting down and good carbon-oxygen reaction; adding alloying elements after refining; b. composite desulfurization: adding CaO-Al to the surface of the molten pool after desulfurization pretreatment2O3-CaF2The system is pre-melted slag and used for rapidly slagging, and the slag system comprises the following chemical components: 40 to 50 wt% of CaO, Al2O3:16～25wt％，CaF2:13-20wt％，MgO:3-5wt％，SiO2：1-4wt％，Li2O: 2-7 wt%, BaO: 3-6 wt%; c. after the added pre-melted slag is basically cleared, adding NiCa alloy desulfurizer to perform precipitation desulfurization, wherein the addition amount of Ca is 0.01-0.03 wt%. The technology needs low-sulfur raw materials, and the sulfur content of the raw materials before desulfurization is as low as about 50 ppm. The method aims at the high-temperature alloy smelting desulfurization technology, and the selected pre-melted slag has complex components and high cost, and Li contained in the components2Both O and BaO belong to dangerous goods, and improper use can cause harm to personnel and environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a low-cost alloy steel vacuum induction melting desulfurization process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a vacuum induction melting desulfurization process for alloy steel comprises the following stepsThe method comprises the following steps of material preparation, charging, melting, refining, deoxidation and desulfurization, and is characterized in that: the operation process of the desulfurization step comprises the following steps: reducing the temperature of the molten steel to 1540-1560 ℃, filling argon into the furnace until the pressure reaches 60-80 KPa, adding a desulfurization alloy and premelting slag, melting, stirring and desulfurizing, wherein the premelting slag comprises the following components: CaF2:45～55wt％，CaO:30～35wt％，Al2O3:15～20wt％。
Preferably, the dosage of the pre-molten slag is 1-2 wt% of the molten steel.
Preferably, the desulfurization alloy is metal manganese or a combination of metal calcium and nickel-magnesium alloy.
More preferably, the dosage of the desulfurization alloy is 0.5-2 wt% of the molten steel.
Preferably, when the alloy steel is 316L stainless steel, the desulphurization alloy is a combination of metal manganese and nickel-magnesium alloy.
More preferably, the manganese metal is used in an amount of 1.5 wt% and the nickel-magnesium alloy is used in an amount of 0.5 wt% of the molten steel.
Preferably, when the alloy steel is 18Ni300 stainless steel, the desulphurization alloy is a combination of metal calcium and nickel magnesium alloy.
More preferably, the amount of the calcium metal is 0.1 wt% of the molten steel, and the amount of the nickel-magnesium alloy is 0.4 wt% of the molten steel
Preferably, the stirring time is 5 to 10 minutes.
Preferably, the molten steel is refined again after the deoxidation step and before the desulfurization step.
Preferably, the refining temperature is 1560-1580 ℃ and the refining time is 30-45 minutes.
Preferably, the deoxidation step is performed by: and adding deoxidized alloy into the refined molten steel, and stirring for 5-10 minutes after the deoxidized alloy is dissolved.
Preferably, the deoxidized alloy is silicon, aluminum and/or titanium.
Preferably, the dosage of the deoxidized alloy is 0.4 to 0.8wt percent of the molten steel.
Preferably, the operation of the melting step comprises: vacuumizing, and after the pressure in the furnace is reduced to below 10Pa, transmitting power to melt.
Preferably, the operation process of the stock preparation step comprises the following steps: selecting raw materials according to the components of the alloy steel, and removing oxides and water on the surfaces of the raw materials for later use.
Preferably, the charging step employs a magnesium oxide crucible.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the desulfurization process can adopt the conventional raw materials and the magnesium oxide crucible to produce high-strength steel, high-purity stainless steel and high-purity die steel with the sulfur content of less than 10ppm, and has the characteristics of low cost, simple operation and safety.
Detailed Description
The process of the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
The pre-melted slag used by the invention comprises the following components: CaF2:45～55wt％，CaO:30～35wt％，Al2O315 to 20 wt%. Nickel-magnesium alloy: the content of magnesium is 14-50 wt%, and the balance is nickel.
Compared with CN109423535A, the inventor of the application unexpectedly finds that the CaF in the premelting slag is obviously improved in the vacuum induction melting desulfurization process of high-strength steel, high-purity stainless steel and high-purity die steel2After the content of CaO is properly reduced, the effect of vacuum induction melting desulphurization of alloy steel can be obviously improved, the components are simpler, and Li does not need to be added2O, BaO, etc., and is safer.
Example 1316L stainless Steel vacuum Induction melting desulfurization
1) Preparing raw materials: the alloy raw materials are weighed according to the mass percentage of the components of the materials, firstly, the surface oxides of the raw materials are removed by shot blasting, and then, the raw materials are transferred into an electric furnace to be heated to 100-150 ℃ for low-temperature baking to remove water vapor.
2) Charging and melting: the prepared raw materials are put into a crucible sintered by magnesium oxide according to the shape, melting point and activity of the raw materials in a certain sequence (charging furnace materials with lower melting point such as nickel and pure iron at the bottom of the crucible, charging furnace materials with higher melting point such as chromium and molybdenum at the middle of the crucible, adding active wave elements such as silicon, manganese, nickel and magnesium in batches at the later stage of refining), and the raw materials are electrified and melted when the vacuum degree in a melting chamber is pumped to be below 10 Pa.
3) Refining and deoxidizing: and after the raw materials in the crucible are completely melted and the sulfur content is detected to be 68ppm by sampling, heating the molten steel to 1560-1580 ℃, and refining for 30-45 minutes, and then adding 0.4 wt% of metallic silicon according to the amount of the molten steel. And stirring for 5-10 minutes after the metal silicon is melted.
4) Refining and desulfurizing: after deoxidation, continuously refining at 1560-1580 ℃ for 30-45 minutes, then reducing the temperature of the molten steel to 1540-1560 ℃, and filling argon into the smelting chamber to 60-80 KPa; after the argon pressure in the smelting chamber meets the requirement, adding 1.5 wt% of manganese metal, 0.5 wt% of nickel-magnesium alloy and 2 wt% of premelting slag according to the amount of molten steel; and (4) stirring for 5-10 minutes after the pre-melted slag is melted, and sampling and inspecting. And (4) testing results: the sulfur content was 8 ppm.
Example 218 vacuum Induction melting desulfurization of Ni300 high Strength stainless Steel
1) Preparing raw materials: the alloy raw materials are weighed according to the mass percentage of the components of the materials, firstly, the surface oxides of the raw materials are removed by shot blasting, and then, the raw materials are transferred into an electric furnace to be heated to 100-150 ℃ for low-temperature baking to remove water vapor.
2) Charging and melting: the prepared raw materials are put into a crucible sintered by magnesium oxide according to the shape, melting point and activity of the raw materials in a certain sequence, and power transmission and melting are started when the vacuum degree in a melting chamber is pumped to be below 10 Pa.
3) Refining and deoxidizing: after the raw materials in the crucible are completely melted and the sulfur content is 55ppm through sampling detection, heating the molten steel to 1560-1580 ℃ and refining for 30-45 minutes, and then adding 0.1 wt% of aluminum and 0.7 wt% of titanium according to the amount of the molten steel. And (3) melting the metal aluminum and the metal titanium, and stirring for 5-10 minutes.
4) Refining and desulfurizing: after deoxidation, continuously refining at 1560-1580 ℃ for 30-45 minutes, then reducing the temperature of the molten steel to 1540-1560 ℃, and filling argon into the smelting chamber to 60-80 KPa; after the argon pressure in the smelting chamber meets the requirement, adding 0.1 wt% of metal calcium, 0.4 wt% of nickel-magnesium alloy and 2 wt% of premelting slag according to the amount of molten steel; and (4) stirring for 5-10 minutes after the pre-melted slag is melted, and sampling and inspecting. And (4) testing results: the sulfur content was 7 ppm.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vacuum induction melting desulfurization process for alloy steel comprises the steps of material preparation, charging, melting, refining, deoxidation and desulfurization, and is characterized in that: the operation process of the desulfurization step comprises the following steps: reducing the temperature of the molten steel to 1540-1560 ℃, filling argon into the furnace until the pressure reaches 60-80 KPa, adding a desulfurization alloy and premelting slag, melting, stirring and desulfurizing, wherein the premelting slag comprises the following components: CaF2:45～55wt％，CaO:30～35wt％，Al2O3:15～20wt％。
2. The alloy steel vacuum induction melting desulfurization process of claim 1, characterized in that: the desulfurization alloy is a combination of metal manganese or metal calcium and nickel-magnesium alloy; preferably, the dosage of the desulfurization alloy is 0.5-2 wt% of the molten steel, and the dosage of the pre-molten slag is 1-2 wt% of the molten steel.
3. The alloy steel vacuum induction melting desulfurization process of claim 2, characterized in that: when the alloy steel is 316L stainless steel, the desulfurization alloy is a combination of metal manganese and nickel-magnesium alloy, preferably, the amount of the metal manganese is 1.5 wt% of the molten steel, and the amount of the nickel-magnesium alloy is 0.5 wt% of the molten steel;
when the alloy steel is 18Ni300 stainless steel, the desulfurization alloy is a combination of metallic calcium and nickel-magnesium alloy, preferably, the amount of the metallic calcium is 0.1 wt% of the molten steel, and the amount of the nickel-magnesium alloy is 0.4 wt% of the molten steel.
4. The alloy steel vacuum induction melting desulfurization process of claim 1, characterized in that: the stirring time is 5-10 minutes.
5. The alloy steel vacuum induction melting desulfurization process of claim 1, characterized in that: after the deoxidation step, before the desulfurization step, the molten steel is refined again.
6. The vacuum induction melting desulfurization process for alloy steel according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the refining temperature is 1560-1580 ℃, and the refining time is 30-45 minutes.
7. The alloy steel vacuum induction melting desulfurization process of claim 1, characterized in that: the operation process of the deoxidation step comprises the following steps: and adding deoxidized alloy into the refined molten steel, and stirring for 5-10 minutes after the deoxidized alloy is dissolved.
8. The alloy steel vacuum induction melting desulfurization process of claim 7, characterized in that: the deoxidized alloy is silicon, aluminum and/or titanium; preferably, the dosage of the deoxidized alloy is 0.4 to 0.8wt percent of the molten steel.
9. The alloy steel vacuum induction melting desulfurization process of claim 1, characterized in that: the operation process of the melting step comprises the following steps: vacuumizing, and after the pressure in the furnace is reduced to below 10Pa, transmitting power to melt.
10. The alloy steel vacuum induction melting desulfurization process of claim 1, characterized in that: the operation process of the material preparation step comprises: selecting raw materials according to the components of the alloy steel, and removing oxides and water on the surfaces of the raw materials for later use;
the charging step adopts a magnesium oxide crucible.
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| CN115821147A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-03-21 | 四川六合特种金属材料股份有限公司 | Method for improving purity and structure uniformity of mirror surface die steel |
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