Background
With the mass popularization of automobiles nowadays, a large amount of non-renewable petroleum resources are consumed, which leads to further aggravation of energy crisis and environmental pollution, so that various automobile manufacturers invest a large amount of energy to develop new energy automobiles, and with the continuous popularization and the use of new energy automobiles in the future, the new energy automobiles serving as an indispensable component of the new energy automobiles, namely charging piles, will be developed in spring.
When new energy automobile carries out quick charge, often need adopt great electric current or voltage to charge to the new energy automobile, at this moment, to filling the electric pile cable, easy because high voltage heavy current produces the heat, the heat if can't in time discharge, will lead to long-term use in, produces the potential safety hazard.
And the cable is expected to have better flexibility when in use, so that the cable is convenient to pull. Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) has the characteristic of plastics and rubber concurrently, is the very fast novel macromolecular material of development in recent years, and heat conduction TPE compares with the heat conduction material of traditional silicon rubber substrate, and it has more excellent processability, need not vulcanize the shaping through the high temperature, can extrude like plastics, processing such as injection moulding, has improved heat conduction goods production efficiency, simultaneously because heat conduction TPE recycle to greatly reduced the cost of goods.
However, due to the low thermal conductivity of TPEs, large amounts of thermally conductive fillers are typically added to make TPEs of higher thermal conductivity. Under high filling conditions, the elastomer composite material still needs to be kept to have higher flexibility and good processing performance, and the method is a main technical difficulty for preparing the high-performance heat-conducting TPE.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing TPE material is low in heat conductivity, and when the TPE with high heat conductivity is prepared, excessive heat-conducting filler needs to be introduced, so that the rest performances of the product are reduced, and provides a special material for a TPE high-elasticity charging pile cable and a preparation method thereof.
The invention aims to provide a special material for a PVC flexible alloy charging pile cable.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the TPE high-elasticity material special for the charging pile cable comprises the following raw materials: heat-conducting filler and TPE resin;
the heat-conducting filler is alumina particles; the alumina particles have a D50 of 10-50 nm;
the surfaces of the alumina particles are coated with a silane coupling agent;
putting 5g of the alumina particles into 100mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and reacting for 20s at a constant temperature at 25 ℃ and at a stirring speed of 200r/min, filtering, washing, drying and weighing to obtain a filter cake mass Mg;
the mass loss rate Y% of the alumina particles is 100% x M/5;
the Y% is 10-30%.
According to the technical scheme, the aluminum oxide particles coated with the silane coupling agent are added into the TPE resin system, and the aluminum oxide particles in a specific coating state are further screened out in a sodium hydroxide solution screening mode, because: the inventor finds in the research process that the thermal conductive filler is singly added into a resin system, particularly the inorganic filler is added into an organic polymer resin system, the filler particles are unevenly dispersed in the system due to the interfacial compatibility, and an obvious interface exists between the thermal conductive filler particles and the polymer resin, so that the heat transmission can form a vacuum belt due to the existence of the interface, and thus, more fillers are required to be added to compensate, particularly, the problem of the interface is increased continuously along with the continuous extension of the service life in the use process of an actual product, so that the inventor finds that the technical problem can be effectively solved by adopting the filler particles obtained by the screening method;
however, the inventors have found that if the surface of the alumina particles is excessively coated with the silane coupling agent, although the interface between the two is properly solved, since the silane coupling agent itself is not a good conductor of heat, the transmission of heat between the high molecular polymer body and the alumina particles becomes slow, and the actual improvement effect becomes poor; of course, if the amount of coating is too small, it may also result in a large amount of exposure of the external interface of the alumina particle surface; when D50 is selected to be particles with the particle size of 10-50nm and the mass loss rate is 10-30% under the screening of a sodium hydroxide solution, after the particles are added into a product, the influence of alumina particles, organic polymer organic resin and the thickness of a coupling agent interface layer on the actual heat conducting performance of the product can be effectively balanced, so that a very beneficial heat conducting effect can be still obtained under the condition of a small adding amount.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the heat-conducting filler is Z% of the TPE resin, and the Y% -Z% is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 25%.
According to the technical scheme, the addition amount of the heat-conducting filler and the mass loss rate of the alumina particles in the screening process are comprehensively considered in the matrix resin, namely the TPE resin, when the mass loss rate is large, the coating state (coating amount and coating integrity) of the coupling agent on the surfaces of the alumina particles is relatively poor, more addition amount is needed at the time, and on the contrary, less addition amount is needed, so that a considerable heat-conducting effect can be achieved.
Further, the silane coupling agent is any one of a silane coupling agent KH-550, a silane coupling agent KH-560 and a silane coupling agent KH-570.
Further, the TPE resin is vinyl chloride TPE resin.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the special material for the PVC flexible alloy charging pile cable.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a TPE high-elasticity charging pile cable special material comprises the following specific preparation steps:
pretreatment of alumina particles:
mixing the alumina particles and a silane coupling agent, then carrying out ball milling, and controlling processing conditions to obtain ball grinding materials in different states;
the processing conditions are the proportion of the alumina particles and the silane coupling agent or the ball milling technological parameters;
screening of alumina particles:
putting 5g of the alumina particles into 100mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and reacting for 20s at a constant temperature at 25 ℃ and at a stirring speed of 200r/min, filtering, washing, drying and weighing to obtain a filter cake mass Mg;
the mass loss rate Y% of the alumina particles is 100% x M/5;
the alumina particles with Y% of 10-30% are screened out.
Further, the ball milling technological parameters are any one or combination of more of ball milling time, ball milling rotating speed, ball milling temperature and ball material mass ratio.
According to the technical scheme, the condition of the proportion of the alumina particles and the silane coupling agent is selected in the preparation process of the product, or the technological parameters in the ball milling process are matched with the screening process of the sodium hydroxide solution, and the target alumina particles are obtained through actual adjustment, so that a good heat conduction effect can be ensured.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1
Preparing raw materials:
according to the mass ratio of 10: 1, mixing and guiding alumina particles and a silane coupling agent into a ball milling tank, wherein the mass ratio of the ball materials is 15: 1, adding zirconia ball grinding beads, and performing ball grinding and mixing by controlling different ball grinding time under the conditions that the rotation speed is 300r/min, the revolution speed is 200r/min and the temperature is 70 ℃ to obtain ball grinding materials of different batches, specifically, ball grinding materials of 12 batches are obtained in total, wherein the ball grinding time is 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min, 30min, 35min, 40min, 45min, 50min, 55min and 60 min; in order to ensure that the material screening is more controllable, a mode of adding more materials into a ball milling tank at one time and discharging in batches after the specified ball milling time is reached is adopted to obtain the 12 batches of ball milling materials; the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-550; the alumina particles have a D50 of 10 nm;
screening of alumina particles:
respectively sequentially putting 5g of ball milling materials of 12 batches into 12 beakers containing 100mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and reacting for 20s at a constant temperature under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the stirring speed is 200r/min, filtering, washing, drying and weighing to obtain the mass Mg of a filter cake;
the mass loss rate Y% of the alumina particles is 100% x M/5;
screening alumina particles with Y% of 10%, namely the filler particles;
preparation of the material:
blending the filler particles and the TPE resin according to the addition amount of 5 percent of the mass of the TPE resin; the TPE resin is chloroethylene TPE resin;
and introducing the blended materials into a double-screw extruder, extruding, granulating and discharging to obtain the product.
Example 2
Preparing raw materials:
according to the mass ratio of 15: 1, mixing and guiding alumina particles and a silane coupling agent into a ball milling tank, wherein the mass ratio of the ball materials is 16: 1, adding zirconia ball grinding beads, and performing ball grinding and mixing by controlling different ball grinding temperatures under the conditions that the autorotation rotating speed is 350r/min, the revolution rotating speed is 250r/min and the ball grinding time is 30min to obtain ball grinding materials of different batches, specifically, ball grinding materials of 8 batches in total at 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃ and 80 ℃; in order to ensure that the material screening is more controllable, materials with the same quality are respectively added into a ball milling tank, different ball milling temperatures are adopted, and after the ball milling time is reached, the materials are discharged together, so that the ball grinding materials of the 8 batches are obtained; the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-560; the alumina particles have a D50 of 18 nm;
screening of alumina particles:
respectively sequentially putting 5g of ball milling materials of 8 batches into 8 beakers containing 100mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and reacting for 20s at a constant temperature under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the stirring speed is 200r/min, filtering, washing, drying and weighing to obtain the mass Mg of a filter cake;
the mass loss rate Y% of the alumina particles is 100% x M/5;
screening alumina particles with the Y% of 20%, namely the filler particles;
preparation of the material:
blending the filler particles and the TPE resin according to the addition amount of 10 percent of the mass of the TPE resin; the TPE resin is chloroethylene TPE resin;
and introducing the blended materials into a double-screw extruder, extruding, granulating and discharging to obtain the product.
Example 3
Preparing raw materials:
mixing and guiding the alumina particles and the silane coupling agent into a ball milling tank according to different addition amounts, wherein the mass ratio of the ball materials is 18: 1 adding zirconia ball grinding beads, and performing ball milling and mixing by controlling the mass ratio of alumina particles to a silane coupling agent under the conditions that the rotation speed is 400r/min, the revolution speed is 300r/min and the temperature is 80 ℃ to obtain different batches of ball grinding materials, wherein the mass ratio is 10: 1,11: 1,12: 1,13: 1,14: 1,15: 1,16: 1,17: 1,18: 1,19: 1,20: 1, 11 batches of ball milling materials are counted; in order to ensure that the material screening is more controllable, the materials with the mass ratio are respectively added into different ball milling tanks, the same ball milling process parameters are adopted, and the materials are discharged together after the ball milling time is reached; the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-570; the alumina particles have a D50 of 50 nm;
screening of alumina particles:
respectively sequentially putting 5g of ball milling materials of 11 batches into 11 beakers containing 100mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and reacting for 20s at a constant temperature under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the stirring speed is 200r/min, filtering, washing, drying and weighing to obtain the mass Mg of a filter cake;
the mass loss rate Y% of the alumina particles is 100% x M/5;
screening alumina particles with the Y% of 30%, namely the filler particles;
preparation of the material:
blending the filler particles and the TPE resin according to the addition amount of 5 percent of the mass of the TPE resin; the TPE resin is chloroethylene TPE resin;
and introducing the blended materials into a double-screw extruder, extruding, granulating and discharging to obtain the product.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that: during the preparation of the material, the addition amount of the filler particles is 8% of the mass of the TPE resin, and the rest conditions are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the mass loss rate Y% of the alumina particles is 9%, and the rest conditions are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the mass loss rate Y% of the alumina particles is 31.2%, and the rest conditions are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the D50 of the alumina particles was 8.8nm, with the remaining conditions remaining unchanged.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the alumina particles had a D50 of 50.4nm, with the remaining conditions remaining unchanged.
The products obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to performance tests, and the specific test methods and test results were as follows:
the thermal conductivity was tested according to astm d5470 standard for thermal conductivity, and the specific test results are shown in table 1:
table 1: product performance test results
|
Thermal conductivity/W/(m.k)
|
Example 1
|
35.6
|
Example 2
|
32.4
|
Example 3
|
33.6
|
Example 4
|
31.1
|
Comparative example 1
|
25.6
|
Comparative example 2
|
24.5
|
Comparative example 3
|
26.5
|
Comparative example 4
|
25.8 |
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, the product obtained by the present invention has excellent heat conductivity.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.