CN114314904A - Combined sewage treatment system and method - Google Patents
Combined sewage treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114314904A CN114314904A CN202111513030.9A CN202111513030A CN114314904A CN 114314904 A CN114314904 A CN 114314904A CN 202111513030 A CN202111513030 A CN 202111513030A CN 114314904 A CN114314904 A CN 114314904A
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Abstract
The invention provides a sewage combined treatment system and a sewage combined treatment method, wherein the method comprises the steps of removing floating oil on the liquid surface of an oil pool by using an oil skimmer to obtain oily sewage containing emulsified oil; pressurizing and introducing the oily sewage into a cavitator through a centrifugal pump, and reacting the oily sewage with ozone in the cavitator; the reacted ozone-water-oil mixture returns to the accident oil pool, and the undissolved excessive ozone is separated by a gas-liquid separation tank and then discharged into an ozone tail gas eliminator; and circularly treating the oily sewage of the accident oil pool until all the transformer oil pollutants are completely oxidized. The invention can quickly and effectively remove the transformer oil in the water, so that the transformer oil can reach the industrial wastewater discharge standard, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the cost is saved for the factory to save the pollution discharge cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a combined sewage treatment system and method.
Background
The transformer oil is mostly mineral insulating oil, is a mixture of pure, stable, low-viscosity, good-insulation and good-cooling liquid natural hydrocarbons obtained by acid-base refining treatment of lubricating oil fractions in petroleum, mainly comprises three hydrocarbons, wherein the main component is naphthenic hydrocarbon (accounting for about 80 percent), and the other components are aromatic hydrocarbon and alkane, and has the effects of insulation, heat dissipation, arc extinction and the like. After the transformer accident oil pool is overhauled or rained, certain accumulated water and impurities exist, if the accumulated water and the impurities are directly discharged, water body pollution is inevitably aggravated, and the ecological environment is worsened, so that a proper sewage treatment method needs to be found, corresponding technologies and equipment are developed, and the problems are solved. However, the method for the advanced treatment of the transformer oil-containing sewage in the accident oil pool is difficult at present, and a process technology with strong pertinence, prominent technical effect and low cost is still lacked.
The transformer oil-containing wastewater generally adopts methods such as physical separation, biodegradation, biomembrane filtration reaction and chemical oxidation or a combination method of the methods, the relative density of the transformer oil is about 0.895, the transformer oil is close to water, gravity separation is difficult, the biological method and membrane technology have high cost and are difficult to directly apply, the transformer oil does not contain long-chain olefin and alkyne and is easy to oxidize by ozone, but ozone oxidation can generate ozone tail gas to cause pollution.
The invention patent 202110286454.X provides a comprehensive treatment method for accident oil pool pollutants, which utilizes low-pressure saturated steam to clean an oil discharge pipeline, and discharged wastewater enters a solid waste treatment system after being subjected to gravity separation. Although the method is a whole-process treatment, the method only involves physical reactions such as filtration, adsorption, centrifugation and the like, the filtration and adsorption method requires a high-cost filtration device, and the method involves replacement or damage of consumables such as activated carbon, a filter screen, a filter membrane and the like, and has huge cost for deeply removing petroleum pollutants in sewage to achieve a sufficiently low emission standard.
The invention patent 202021290860.0 provides a transformer accident oil pool oil-water separation system, which comprises a pretreatment unit and an oil-water separation device, and the oil content of sewage is reduced by a filter, an oil absorption filter core, an oil-water aeration tank and other devices. The staged filtration process is complex, the energy utilization rate of the aeration technology is low, the consumption of materials required by physical adsorption methods such as an oil absorption filter element is large, and the total cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of unqualified sewage discharge, high treatment difficulty and complex process and high cost of the conventional transformer substation accident oil pool, and provides a sewage combined treatment method and device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a sewage combined treatment system comprises an oil tank, an oil skimmer, a centrifugal pump, a cavitator, an ozone generator, a gas-liquid separation tank and an ozone tail gas eliminator, wherein the oil skimmer is used for removing floating oil on the liquid surface of the oil tank, the oil tank is connected to the centrifugal pump, the cavitator is connected with the outlet of the centrifugal pump, the bottom of the cavitator is connected with the ozone outlet of the ozone generator, the top of the cavitator is connected with the gas-liquid separation tank, the gas-liquid separation tank is connected with the ozone tail gas eliminator, and the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank is introduced into the oil tank.
And a filter is arranged between the centrifugal pump and the oil pool.
The filter is a backwashing filter, and the filtering precision is less than 100 microns.
A transparent pipeline is arranged in a pipeline connected with the cavitator and the gas-liquid separation tank, an ultraviolet light tube is arranged outside the transparent pipeline, and ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light tube irradiates the transparent pipeline.
The cavitation device is provided with one or more than one, if the cavitation device is a plurality of, a plurality of cavitation devices are connected in parallel to form a cavitation device group, and each cavitation device gas-liquid mixture outlet and each cavitation device gas-liquid inlet are respectively and independently provided with an adjusting valve, and the gas-liquid ratio is adjusted through the adjusting valves.
The cavitator adopts a rotational flow Venturi cavitator.
And an adjusting valve is also arranged between the cavitator and the outlet of the centrifugal pump.
And an exhaust valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the gas-liquid separation tank and the ozone tail gas eliminator.
And a check valve for preventing backflow when the air source is closed is arranged between the ozone generator and the one or more cavitators.
The gas-liquid separation tank is a gravity type or baffled gas-liquid separation device.
The ozone tail gas eliminator is a heating type or catalytic type device.
The gas source is an oxygen source or an air source, and when the gas source is the oxygen source, an oxygen bottle or a PSA oxygenerator is selected to provide oxygen; when the air source is an air source, a compressor/centrifugal fan is used for providing air, and a dryer is arranged between the compressor/centrifugal fan and the ozone generator.
A sewage combined treatment method comprises the following specific steps:
removing floating oil on the liquid surface of the oil pool by using an oil skimmer to obtain oily sewage containing emulsified oil;
pressurizing and introducing the oily sewage into a cavitator through a centrifugal pump, introducing oxygen or air into an ozone generator from an air source to be converted into ozone gas, introducing the ozone gas from the bottom of the cavitator, reacting the oily sewage with ozone in the cavitator, and converting transformer oil in the oily sewage into carbon dioxide and water to obtain an ozone-water-oil mixture;
returning oily sewage of the primarily reacted ozone-water-oil mixture to an oil pool, separating undissolved excessive ozone through a gas-liquid separation tank, and discharging the excessive ozone into an ozone tail gas eliminator;
and circularly treating the oily sewage of the oil pool until all the transformer oil pollutants are completely oxidized.
The ozone-water-oil mixture is irradiated by ultraviolet light emitted by an ultraviolet light tube before returning to the oil pool, and further reacts under the photocatalysis condition.
The volume flow ratio of the oxygen output by the air source to the oily sewage flow input by the centrifugal pump is 0.4-0.8.
The ozone has the characteristics of high reaction speed, strong oxidizing property, no environmental pollution caused by process products and the like, can be used for carrying out oxidative decomposition on organic matters which are difficult to degrade in a water body, and is matched with other processes to carry out advanced treatment on wastewater so as to reach the first-level discharge standard of pollutants in the petrochemical industry. It mainly has the following advantages:
(1) ozone has a strong oxidizing property. Ozone is widely used for water treatment, and reacts with unsaturated organic compounds in water after being dissolved in water to generate ozonides which can be decomposed in water to generate products such as H2O, CO2 and the like, so that the ozone is also called as a green strong oxidant and has no pollution to the environment.
(2) Can be used as disinfectant. Because of the strong oxidizing property of the water purifier, the water purifier has strong killing property on fungi in water, and can purify water by utilizing the property of the water purifier.
(3) The ozone preparation device is simple to operate. The ozone preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: the existing mature ozone preparation process can be prepared only by two conditions of air and electric energy, so that the proportion of reactants is controlled in the preparation operation process, and the operation is very convenient.
According to the invention, physical and chemical methods are combined, on one hand, energy consumption required by chemical treatment is reduced by a physical means, hydrodynamic cavitation is realized by using a cavitator, ozone oxidation is enhanced, and the ozone oxidation oil removal rate of sewage is improved; the ozone-UV combined technology is utilized, so that the effect of improving the ozone oxidation oil removal rate of the sewage is remarkable; and on the other hand, the ozone is convenient to prepare and controllable in cost.
When the oil concentration in the accident oil pool is high, the cost of ozone treatment is high, and therefore physical separation becomes necessary as a pretreatment for chemical oxidation treatment. The oil skimmer is also called as an oil remover, is oil removing equipment, is suitable for indoor/outdoor large and medium sewage treatment tanks, is also suitable for temporary emergency oil removal in some occasions, removes floating oil stains on the surface of the sewage treatment tank, ensures the cleanliness of water, avoids polluting the environment, has better effect, has simple structure, convenient installation and operation, strong universality and physical separation, does not have chemical pollution, and is an ideal pretreatment means for oily sewage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the treatment capacity of chemical oxidation is reduced through the oil skimmer, the cavitator realizes the hydrodynamic cavitation effect of oily sewage, the oxidative removal effect of ozone on transformer oil is enhanced through hydrodynamic cavitation-ozone combination, meanwhile, the pollution of ozone on the environment is avoided to the greatest extent by utilizing the gas-liquid separation tank and the ozone eliminator, the cost is lower, the effect is remarkable, and the process is an ideal process for treating the accident oil pool sewage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a concentration-efficiency curve for deoiling according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in embodiment 1, a combined sewage treatment system includes an oil pool 1, an oil skimmer 2, a filter 3, a centrifugal pump 4, a cavitator, an ozone generator 7, a gas-liquid separation tank 9, and an ozone tail gas eliminator 10, where the oil skimmer 2 is disposed above the emergency oil pool 1, the bottom of the oil pool 1 is connected to an inlet of the filter 3, the centrifugal pump 4 is connected to an outlet of the filter 3, the cavitator is connected to an outlet of the centrifugal pump 4, the bottom of the cavitator is connected to an ozone outlet of the ozone generator 7, the top of the cavitator is connected to the gas-liquid separation tank 9, the gas-liquid separation tank 9 is connected to the ozone tail gas eliminator 10, and a liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank 9 is introduced into the oil pool 1.
And one or more regulating valves 5-1 are arranged between the cavitators and the outlet of the centrifugal pump 4, the cavitators are connected in parallel to form a cavitator group, and the regulating valves are independently arranged at the outlet and the gas-liquid mixture inlet of each cavitator, so that the gas-liquid ratio is regulated and the cavitation effect is enhanced by regulating the regulating valves. A plurality of cavitators are connected in parallel to form a cavitator group which is provided with a common liquid phase inlet and a common gas phase inlet, and the liquid phase enters each cavitator after passing through an adjusting valve 5-1; the gas phase enters through a common gas phase inlet, and then enters into the cavitators after each cavitator is independently provided with an adjusting valve. The gas-liquid mixture is discharged through the gas-liquid mixture outlet of each cavitator, passes through the individually-arranged regulating valve, and is conveyed to the gas-liquid separation tank 9 through a common pipeline.
The cavitator adopts a rotational flow Venturi cavitator.
In an optional embodiment, the cavitators of the cavitator group are respectively a cavitator 6-1, a cavitator 6-2 and a cavitator 6-3, a gas phase inlet of the cavitator 6-1 is provided with an adjusting valve 5-2, a gas phase inlet of the cavitator 6-2 is provided with an adjusting valve 5-3, a gas phase inlet of the cavitator 6-3 is provided with an adjusting valve 5-4, a liquid phase outlet of the cavitator 6-1 is provided with an adjusting valve 5-6, a liquid phase outlet of the cavitator 6-2 is provided with an adjusting valve 5-7, and a liquid phase outlet of the cavitator 6-3 is provided with an adjusting valve 5-8.
The top of the gas-liquid separation tank 9 is provided with an exhaust valve 5-9, and a check valve 5-5 is arranged between the ozone generator 7 and the cavitator to prevent the gas source 11 from reflowing when closed.
As shown in fig. 2 and embodiment 2, a transparent pipeline is arranged in a pipeline connecting the cavitator and the gas-liquid separation tank 9, an ultraviolet light tube 8 is arranged outside the transparent pipeline, and ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light tube 8 irradiates the transparent pipeline.
The gas source 11 is an oxygen source or an air source, and when the gas source 11 is the oxygen source, an oxygen bottle or a PSA oxygenerator is selected to provide oxygen.
Referring to fig. 3, in embodiment 3, when the air source 11 is an air source, a compressor/centrifugal fan 12 is used to provide air, and a dryer 13 is disposed between the compressor/centrifugal fan 12 and the ozone generator 7.
In example 1, 2 or 3, the filter 3 was a backwashing filter, and the filtration accuracy was 100 μm or less.
The gas-liquid separation tank 9 is a gravity type or baffled gas-liquid separation device. The ozone exhaust gas eliminator 10 is a heating or catalytic type device.
As shown in figure 1, the combined sewage treatment method comprises the following specific steps:
removing floating oil on the liquid surface of the oil pool 1 by using an oil skimmer 2 to obtain oily sewage containing emulsified oil;
the oily sewage is pressurized and introduced into one or more cavitators through a centrifugal pump 4, oxygen enters an ozone generator 7 from a gas source 11, is converted into ozone gas under the action of high voltage electricity and is introduced from the bottoms of the one or more cavitators, the oily sewage reacts with ozone in the one or more cavitators, and transformer oil in the oily sewage is converted into carbon dioxide and water to obtain an ozone-water-oil mixture;
returning oily sewage of the primarily reacted ozone-water-oil mixture to the oil pool 1, separating undissolved excessive ozone through a gas-liquid separation tank 9, and discharging the excessive ozone into an ozone tail gas eliminator 10;
and (3) circularly treating the oily sewage of the oil pool 1 until all the transformer oil pollutants are completely oxidized.
As shown in fig. 2, the ozone-water-oil mixture is irradiated by ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light tube 8 before returning to the oil pool 1, and further reacts under the photocatalysis condition.
The volume flow ratio of the oxygen output by the air source (11) to the volume flow ratio of the oily sewage input by the centrifugal pump (4) is 0.4-0.8.
After extensive and intensive research, the invention finds that the relative density of the transformer oil is about 0.895, the transformer oil is close to water, gravity separation is difficult, the cost of a biological method and a membrane technology is high, and direct application is difficult, but analysis shows that the transformer oil does not contain long-chain olefin and alkyne and is easily oxidized by ozone. In addition, an oil skimmer is additionally arranged above the accident oil pool to remove high-concentration transformer oil in a layered form, a backwashing filter is connected to an outlet of the oil pool to remove impurities, the influence of the complex oil pool condition on a cavitator is avoided, a cavitator combination is additionally arranged between an ozone generator and a centrifugal pump to strengthen an ozone oxidation process through a physical process, UV lamp tube irradiation is additionally arranged above the cavitator combination to well play a role in catalytic oxidation decomposition, and finally residual ozone content is removed through a gas-liquid separator and an ozone tail gas eliminator.
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific application examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Application example: sewage treatment system for accident oil pool wastewater of certain transformer substation
According to the method, aiming at the problem of harmless treatment of 25# transformer oil polluted wastewater in an accident oil pool, the wastewater treatment capacity reaches 20 tons/day and the petroleum content reaches the first-level discharge standard of petrochemical industry pollutants by combining physical separation and chemical oxidation oil removal. The main components of the pollutants are compounds such as alkanes (components above C17), naphthenic saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic unsaturated hydrocarbons, and the like, and the properties of the compounds are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: nature of the pollutant
Carrying out the process
The concentration of the accident oil pool is 25 percent (v), therefore, the oil skimmer arranged above the oil pool is used for treating the wastewater containing the transformer oil with high concentration to be less than 100ppm, after the wastewater is treated, the sewage in the oil pool is connected with the backwashing filter 3 through a pipeline, suspended substances and particles in the water body are removed, the turbidity of the water is reduced, and the water quality is purified, the filtration precision of the water quality is 100 micronsThe outlet of the back-flushing filter 3 is communicated with the centrifugal pump 4, the air source inlet of the ozone generator is connected with an oxygen cylinder, and then the sewage circulation flow is 12m3In the case of/h, the oxygen intake is adjusted to 10m3The ozone flows into the cyclone cavitator group 6 from the centrifugal pump 4 under the operating conditions of 220V voltage and 60.8A current of the ozone generator (the ozone concentration is about 60mg/L), the cavitation effect strengthens the oxidation effect of the ozone, so that the sewage is fully rotated and dispersed into liquid drops in the device, the ozone is introduced from the lower part of the cyclone venturi cavitator, the airflow can be thinned from coarse to fine, the effect of accelerating the flow rate is achieved, the gas-liquid two phases are fully dispersed in the cyclone venturi to carry out oxidation reaction by smaller units, the cavitation process generates high temperature and high pressure and high speed shock waves, the oxidation reaction process of the ozone is strengthened, the reaction rate is accelerated, and finally the sewage can conveniently and quickly reach the industrial sewage discharge standard. Referring to fig. 4, this example can treat 20 tons of oily wastewater to within 5ppm within 10 hours after the system is turned on.
In order to ensure the safety of the field environment, the treated water is discharged back to the accident oil pool by the gas-liquid separation tank arranged above the accident oil pool, and the residual ozone is introduced into the ozone eliminator for treatment.
The method and the device for combined treatment of sewage, which are disclosed by the invention, are combined with a process method of hydrodynamic cavitation-UV enhanced ozone oil removal, firstly floating oil and impurities are removed by a physical method, then the process of ozone advanced oxidation of petroleum pollutants in sewage is enhanced by hydrodynamic cavitation and UV photocatalysis, the ozone solubility is improved, the ozone input concentration is reduced, the operation cost is reduced, and simultaneously the pollutant removal efficiency of ozone is improved, so that the first-level emission standard of petrochemical industry pollutants is reached.
The invention has the advantages that the reaction process of the transformer oil and the ozone is strengthened by dispersing liquid drops in the rotational flow process, the rotational flow cavitation combined oil removing process is provided, the transformer oil in water can be quickly and effectively removed, the industrial wastewater discharge standard can be reached, the environmental pollution is reduced, the pollution discharge cost is saved for factories, and the process flow is green, environment-friendly and wide in prospect.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (13)
1. The sewage combined treatment system is characterized by comprising an oil pool (1), an oil skimmer (2), a centrifugal pump (4), a cavitator, an ozone generator (7), a gas-liquid separation tank (9) and an ozone tail gas eliminator (10), wherein the oil skimmer (2) is used for removing floating oil on the liquid surface of the oil pool (1), the oil pool (1) is connected to the centrifugal pump (4), the cavitator is connected with an outlet of the centrifugal pump (4), the bottom of the cavitator is connected with an ozone outlet of the ozone generator (7), the top of the cavitator is connected with the gas-liquid separation tank (9), the gas-liquid separation tank (9) is connected with the ozone tail gas eliminator (10), and a liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank (9) is introduced into the oil pool (1).
2. Combined sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterised in that a filter (3) is arranged between the centrifugal pump (4) and the oil sump (1).
3. A combined sewage treatment system according to claim 2, wherein said filter (3) is a backwash filter with a filtration accuracy of less than 100 microns.
4. The sewage combined treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a transparent pipeline is arranged in the pipeline connecting the cavitator and the gas-liquid separation tank (9), an ultraviolet light tube (8) is arranged outside the transparent pipeline, and ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light tube (8) irradiates the transparent pipeline.
5. The combined sewage treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cavitators are provided with one or more cavitators, if the number of cavitators is multiple, the cavitators are connected in parallel to form a cavitator group, and the gas-liquid mixture outlet and the gas-phase inlet of each cavitator are respectively provided with an adjusting valve, so that the gas-liquid ratio is adjusted through the adjusting valves.
6. The combined wastewater treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the cavitator is a swirling venturi cavitator.
7. Combined sewage treatment system according to claim 5, characterised in that a regulating valve (5-1) is also arranged between the cavitator and the outlet of the centrifugal pump (4).
8. The sewage combined treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the pipeline connecting the gas-liquid separation tank (9) and the ozone tail gas eliminator (10) is provided with an exhaust valve (5-9);
and/or a check valve (5-5) for preventing backflow when the air source (11) is closed is arranged between the ozone generator (7) and one or more cavitators.
9. The combined sewage treatment system according to claim 5, wherein said gas-liquid separation tank (9) is a gravity type or baffled gas-liquid separation device;
and/or the ozone tail gas eliminator (10) is a heating type or catalytic type device.
10. The combined sewage treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the gas source (11) is an oxygen source or an air source, and when the gas source (11) is an oxygen source, an oxygen bottle or a PSA oxygenerator is selected to provide oxygen; when the air source (11) is an air source, a compressor/centrifugal fan (12) is used for providing air, and a dryer (13) is arranged between the compressor/centrifugal fan (12) and the ozone generator (7).
11. A sewage combined treatment method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
removing floating oil on the liquid surface of the oil pool (1) by using an oil skimmer (2) to obtain oily sewage containing emulsified oil;
the oily sewage is pressurized and introduced into a cavitator through a centrifugal pump (4), oxygen or air enters an ozone generator (7) from a gas source (11) and is converted into ozone gas, the ozone gas is introduced from the bottom of the cavitator, the oily sewage reacts with ozone in the cavitator, transformer oil in the oily sewage is converted into carbon dioxide and water, and an ozone-water-oil mixture is obtained;
returning oily sewage of the primarily reacted ozone-water-oil mixture to the oil pool (1), separating undissolved excessive ozone through a gas-liquid separation tank (9), and discharging the excessive ozone into an ozone tail gas eliminator (10);
and (3) circularly treating the oily sewage of the oil pool (1) until all transformer oil pollutants are completely oxidized.
12. A combined treatment method of wastewater according to claim 11, characterized in that the ozone-water-oil mixture is irradiated by ultraviolet light emitted from an ultraviolet light tube (8) before returning to the oil pool (1) and further reacts under the photocatalysis condition.
13. The combined treatment method for wastewater according to claim 11, wherein the volumetric flow ratio of the oxygen volume output from the air source (11) to the oily wastewater flow input from the centrifugal pump (4) is 0.4-0.8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111513030.9A CN114314904A (en) | 2021-12-11 | 2021-12-11 | Combined sewage treatment system and method |
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