CN114314294A - Lifting appliance and lifting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a lifting appliance and a lifting method, and the lifting appliance comprises a telescopic beam structure, wherein the telescopic beam structure comprises a first beam and a second beam which are mutually nested, the lifting appliance further comprises a first driving part for driving the first beam and the second beam to relatively extend and retract along a first direction, and the first beam and the second beam are both provided with lifting parts for connecting a part to be lifted; at least one of the first beam and the second beam comprises a main beam and at least one rotating beam hinged to the main beam, the hinge axis extends in a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. In this application embodiment, the swivel beam of hoist can drive its hoisting point and produce the displacement when rotating, and the flexible beam structure can change length when flexible. Therefore, the rotation of the rotating beam and the telescopic matching of the telescopic beam structure can adapt to the hoisting of parts to be hoisted with different hoisting positions, namely, one hoisting tool can hoist various types of parts to be hoisted, and the gravity center can be adjusted according to the eccentric condition of the parts to be hoisted.

Description

Lifting appliance and lifting method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of hoisting, especially, relate to a hoist.

Background

When the lifting appliance is used for lifting equipment, the gravity centers and the positions of different equipment can be different, and the lifting positions of different equipment can be different, so that equipment of different types can be specially provided with one set of lifting appliance. Taking a wind generating set as an example, during hoisting, the engine room, the hub and the motor can be respectively provided with special hoists, and because the gravity center positions and the hoisting positions of the engine room, the hub and the motor are all possibly different, one hoist cannot hoist other parts of the wind generating set, and cannot hoist a plurality of parts of combined bodies simultaneously. Due to the design and manufacture of the special lifting appliance, the lifting appliance cannot be reused, and the later-stage inventory is serious, so that the resource waste is serious.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a lifting appliance, which comprises a telescopic beam structure, wherein the telescopic beam structure comprises a first beam and a second beam, the first beam and the second beam are mutually nested, the lifting appliance further comprises a first driving part for driving the first beam and the second beam to relatively extend and retract along a first direction, and the first beam and the second beam are both provided with lifting parts for connecting parts to be lifted; at least one of the first beam and the second beam comprises a main beam and at least one rotating beam hinged to the main beam, the hinge axis extends along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

In a specific embodiment, the spreader further comprises a locking structure, the rotating beam rotates to a predetermined position, and the first locking structure locks the rotating beam to limit the rotating beam from rotating relative to the corresponding main beam.

In a specific embodiment, the locking structure includes a first locking plate disposed on the main beam, and a second locking plate disposed on the rotary beam, where one of the first locking plate and the second locking plate is provided with a plurality of first locking holes distributed in an arc shape, and the other is provided with a second locking hole, and during rotation of the rotary beam, the plurality of first locking holes can sequentially and coaxially correspond to the second locking holes; the locking structure further comprises a locking pin, and locking is achieved through the locking pin inserted into the first locking hole and the second locking hole.

In a specific embodiment, the lifting part comprises a rotating seat, the rotating seat rotates relative to the rotating beam, and a rotating axis is perpendicular to the second direction; at least two hanging plates are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating seat, each hanging plate is provided with a hanging point used for connecting equipment to be hung, and the distance from each hanging point to the rotating axis of the rotating seat is different.

In a specific implementation mode, the hoisting part comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating seat comprises an outer ring with a shaft hole, the hoisting plates are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring, an inner ring is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a roller is arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring.

In one embodiment, the shaft is a screw.

In one embodiment, each of the hanger plates has a different radial length, and each of the hanger points is a hanger hole provided at an end of the hanger plate.

In a specific embodiment, the rotating seat is provided with a plurality of hanging plates, and the hanging holes of the plurality of hanging plates are distributed in an involute shape relative to the rotating axis of the rotating seat.

In one embodiment, the two rotary beams are rotatable to a predetermined position where the hanger plate of one rotary beam is rotatable to be coaxial with the hanger hole of the hanger plate of the other rotary beam.

In a specific embodiment, the telescopic beam structure is further provided with a lifting part (31) and a second driving part, the lifting part is used for being connected with lifting equipment, the lifting part is arranged on the first beam or the second beam in a sliding mode, the second driving part drives the lifting part to slide, and the rotating beam is provided with the lifting part.

In a specific embodiment, the first beam and the second beam both include the main beams, one ends of the two main beams are nested with each other, the other ends of the two main beams are provided with two rotating beams, each rotating beam is provided with a lifting portion, and the lifting portions are used for being connected with lifting equipment.

In a specific embodiment, the main beam is a box beam, the first driving portion is a driving oil cylinder, and the driving oil cylinder is disposed inside the main beam.

The embodiment of the application further provides a hoisting method, and the part to be hoisted is hoisted by the hoisting tool according to any one of the methods.

The embodiment of the application further provides a hoisting method, wherein the part to be hoisted is hoisted by the hoisting tool in the thirteenth item, and the position of the hoisting part of the rotating beam is changed by rotating the rotating beam and driving the first beam and the second beam to relatively stretch and retract so as to adjust the hoisting gravity center; and hoisting the part to be hoisted by the following modes:

rotating the two rotating beams at one end to the preset position, selecting one lifting hole, rotating the two rotating beams at the other end to the preset position, and selecting one lifting hole to realize two-point lifting;

rotating the two rotating beams at one end to the preset position, selecting one lifting hole, and selecting one lifting hole from the two rotating beams at the other end respectively to realize three-point lifting;

and the two rotating beams at one end respectively select one lifting hole, and the rotating beam at the other end also respectively selects one lifting hole, so that four-point lifting is realized.

In this application embodiment, the swivel beam of hoist can drive its hoisting point and be producing the displacement when rotating along the second direction, and flexible beam structure can change length when flexible along first direction. Therefore, the rotation of the rotating beam and the telescopic matching of the telescopic beam structure can adapt to the hoisting of parts to be hoisted with different hoisting positions, namely, a hoisting tool can hoist various types of parts to be hoisted, the gravity center can be adjusted according to the eccentric condition of the parts to be hoisted, and the stability in the hoisting process is favorably realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spreader in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the telescoping beam structure of FIG. 5 after being extended;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the spreader of FIG. 3 with Y-direction hoisting center of gravity adjustment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a sling portion of the rotating beam of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is another perspective view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of two of the hanger plates of the hanger of FIG. 1 lifting a suspended component C;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of two lifting plates of the spreader of FIG. 1 for lifting a lifted part A;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of two lifting plates of the spreader of FIG. 1 lifting a lifted part B;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the two sling portions of the sling of FIG. 1 secured to a sling plate;

FIG. 15 is a front view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a nacelle, a motor, and a hub of the hoist lifting fan of FIG. 1;

FIG. 17 is a front view of FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a left side view of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a nacelle and a motor of the hoist lifting fan of FIG. 1;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a nacelle of the hoist lifting fan of FIG. 1.

The reference numerals in fig. 1-20 are illustrated as follows:

11-a first main beam; 111-a first locking plate; 111 a-a second locking hole; 12-a second main beam; 13-a rotating beam; 131-a second latch plate; 131 a-first locking hole;

2-a hoisting part; 21-hanging plate; 21 a-a hanging hole; 22-an outer ring; 23-a screw; 24-a roller; 25-inner ring;

31-a lifting part; 32-a second drive cylinder;

4-a first driving oil cylinder; 41-cylinder body; 42-a piston rod; 42 a-connecting hole; 43-pin shaft; 44-pin shaft;

10-a nacelle; 20-a motor; 30-a hub;

100-a part A to be hung; 200-a sling; 300-part B to be hung; 400-part C to be hung.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-4, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spreader in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1; fig. 4 is a left side view of fig. 1.

The lifting appliance in the embodiment comprises a telescopic beam structure, wherein the telescopic beam structure comprises a first beam and a second beam which are nested with each other, the first beam and the second beam can be stretched and contracted relative to a first direction to adjust the length of the telescopic beam structure, specifically, the first beam comprises a first main beam 11 and two rotary beams 13 arranged on the first main beam 11, the second beam comprises a second main beam 12 and two rotary beams 13 arranged on the second main beam 12, and one ends of the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12 are nested with each other to achieve stretching and contracting; the rotary beam 13 rotates in a second direction relative to the corresponding main beam, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction. In fig. 1 and 3, the left-right direction, i.e., the length direction, of the telescopic beam structure is also the telescopic direction of the first beam and the second beam, and in a specific use process, the first beam and the second beam are telescopic in a horizontal plane, in this embodiment, the telescopic direction is defined as an X direction, i.e., the first direction is specifically an X direction, a direction perpendicular to the X direction in the horizontal plane is defined as a Y direction, the vertical direction is a Z direction, and the second direction is a Z direction in this embodiment.

With continued reference to fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line a-a of fig. 3; fig. 6 is a schematic view of the telescopic beam structure of fig. 5 after elongation.

As shown in fig. 5, the first beam and the second beam are extended and retracted by a first driving part, the first driving part is specifically a first driving cylinder 4, one end of a piston rod 42 of the first driving cylinder 4 is connected to the second beam, and a cylinder body 41 of the first driving cylinder 4 is fixed to the first beam. The first main beam 11 of the first beam and the second main beam 12 of the second beam are both box-type beams, the cylinder body 41 of the first driving oil cylinder 4 can be fixed in the inner cavity of the first main beam 11, one end of the piston rod 42 of the first driving oil cylinder 4 can be fixed in the inner cavity of the second main beam 12 through a pin shaft, as shown in fig. 2, one end of the piston rod 42 is provided with a connecting hole 42a, as shown in fig. 5, the pin shaft 43 can penetrate through the connecting hole 42a, then the pin shaft 43 is fixed with the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the second main beam 12, and the cylinder body 41 can also be fixed with the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the first main beam 11 through the pin shaft 44 as shown in fig. 2.

First girder 11 and second girder 12 are box girder construction, are convenient for realize flexible grafting, can make up like this and form nested box girder construction, play rain-proof sealed, it plays flexible slide rail effect, has better intensity moreover, and first actuating cylinder 4 does not receive the power beyond the axial, and the installation of the first actuating cylinder 4 of being convenient for again simultaneously reaches the purpose of protecting first actuating cylinder 4. However, it is obvious that the first drive cylinder 4 may be provided outside the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12.

The first driving oil cylinder 4 stretches to drive the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12 to stretch, and accordingly stretching of the telescopic beam structure is achieved. It should be understood that the first driving portion is not limited to the cylinder structure, for example, the first driving portion may also include a motor and a corresponding transmission component such as a push rod and a rack, as long as the first beam and the second beam can be driven to relatively extend and contract, and the specific structure of the first driving portion is not limited in this embodiment.

It should be noted that the telescopic beam structure in this embodiment further includes a rotating beam 13, the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12 are both provided with the rotating beam 13, the rotating beam 13 can rotate relative to the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12, an axis of rotation of the rotating beam 13 is defined herein as a first axis of rotation, that is, an axis extending along the second direction, specifically, in this embodiment, the first axis of rotation extends vertically, that is, the rotating beam 13 can rotate in a horizontal plane, the rotating beam 13 is provided with a hoisting portion 2 for connecting a component to be hoisted, the hoisting portion 2 is provided with a hoisting point, the component to be hoisted and the hoisting device can be connected by a hoisting belt 200 (shown in fig. 12 and 13), and a position on the hoisting portion 2 for the hoisting belt 200 to be hooked is a hoisting point. In fig. 3, one end of the first main beam 11 and one end of the second main beam 12 are nested with each other, the other ends of the first main beam and the second main beam are both provided with two rotating beams 13, each rotating beam 13 is provided with a hoisting part 2, the hoisting part 2 is provided with a hoisting point, specifically, one end part of each rotating beam 13 is hinged to the first main beam 11 or the second main beam 12, and the other end part of each rotating beam 13 is provided with the hoisting part 2 and is provided with a hoisting point.

So set up, to the part of waiting to hang of different grade type, when waiting to hang the hoist and mount position of part different in X to the span, can be before hanging the part by crane through adjusting first girder 11 and the flexible of second girder 12, adjust the length of telescopic girder structure in X to be adapted to the different part of waiting to hang and lift. Moreover, the problem of unstable gravity center may exist for the same type of parts to be lifted or different types of parts to be lifted with the same span of lifting positions, and at this time, after the parts to be lifted are lifted, the extension and retraction of the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12 can be adjusted according to the gravity center shift condition of the parts to be lifted in the X direction, so that the lifting gravity center is stable; or when the gravity center deviation condition of the part to be lifted is known, the telescopic adjustment is carried out before the lifting.

With continuing reference to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the spreader of fig. 3 performing Y-direction lifting center of gravity adjustment, where the spreader located above in fig. 7 is in a first state, and the spreader located below is in a second state, where the upper and lower are defined in the direction of the paper of fig. 7.

The end parts of the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12 in this embodiment are both provided with two rotating beams 13, and when any one rotating beam 13 rotates, the lifting center of gravity of the lifting appliance is affected. In fig. 7, the lengths of the four rotating beams 13 are the same, the lifting gravity center is located at the intersection of the diagonal lines of the four lifting points of the four rotating beams 13, that is, located at O, O 'in fig. 7, in the first state of the spreader in fig. 7, the lifting gravity center O is located below the center line X1 of the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12, the distance in the Y direction from the X1 is-N, in fig. 7, the two rotating beams 13 of the first main beam 11 in the first state are both rotated clockwise, the two rotating beams 13 of the second main beam 12 are both rotated counterclockwise, so as to adjust the spreader in the second state below, the lifting gravity center of the spreader can be adjusted to O', the distance from the X1 is + M, that is, the lifting gravity center is moved by M + N in the Y direction, when the gravity center of the component to be lifted is shifted upward in the reference system of fig. 7, the gravity center can be adjusted in such a manner that the adjusting moving direction of the lifting gravity center is consistent with the shifting direction of the gravity center of the component to be lifted, or the lifting gravity center is adjusted to be close to the gravity center of the part to be lifted as much as possible. Therefore, when the hoisting gravity center of the part to be hoisted deviates in the Y direction, the purposes of hoisting gravity center adjustment and stable hoisting can be achieved by adjusting the rotating beam 13.

It should be understood that when the rotating beam 13 rotates, it will drive its lifting point to generate displacement in X direction and Y direction at the same time, and the end portions of the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12 are both provided with a pair of rotating beams 13, and by adjusting the rotating direction and the rotating amplitude, it is possible to realize common adjustment only in X direction, only in Y direction or X, Y direction, or it is also possible to realize adjustment only in the position of the lifting point without changing the lifting center of gravity, which can be determined according to the actual lifting center of gravity adjustment requirement. Therefore, the rotating beam 13 and the telescopic beam structure are matched to hoist parts to be hoisted at different hoisting positions, namely, a hoisting tool can hoist various types of parts to be hoisted, the gravity center can be adjusted according to the eccentric condition of the parts to be hoisted, and the stability in the hoisting process is favorably realized. It should also be understood that the length of the rotating beams in this embodiment is the same, but it is contemplated that in other embodiments, the length of the rotating beams may be different to provide better compatibility to meet different hoisting requirements.

Known from the working process of the lifting appliance provided by the above embodiment, when the rotating beam 13 rotates to the required position to lift a to-be-lifted component, the position of the rotating beam 13 may deviate in the lifting process to cause the lifting stability to be poor, and the safety cannot be guaranteed.

To this end, the present application further provides another preferred embodiment of a spreader, which is shown in fig. 3, and based on the structure of the above embodiment, the spreader further includes a locking structure, the rotating beam rotates to a predetermined position, and the locking structure locks the rotating beam 13 to limit the rotating beam 13 from rotating relative to the corresponding first main beam 11 or second main beam 12.

With continued reference to fig. 3, the present application further provides an embodiment of a spreader, wherein the locking structure includes a first locking plate 111 disposed on the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12, respectively, and a second locking plate 131 disposed on the rotary beam 13, the second locking plate 131 is provided with a plurality of first locking holes 131a distributed in an arc shape, the first locking plate 111 is provided with a second locking hole 111a, and during the rotation of the rotary beam 13, the plurality of first locking holes 131a can coaxially correspond to the second locking holes 111a in sequence; the locking structure further includes a locking pin, and the locking of the rotation beam 13 is achieved by the locking pin inserted into the first and second locking holes 131a and 111 a.

It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the second lock plate 131 is provided with the plurality of first lock holes 131a distributed in an arc shape, and the first lock plate 111 is provided with the second lock holes 111a to realize the lock function, but it is conceivable that, in another embodiment, the plurality of second lock holes distributed in an arc shape may be provided for the first lock plate 111, and the first lock holes may be provided for the second lock plate 131 to realize the lock function.

Of course, the locking structure is not limited to the form of matching the locking hole with the locking pin, for example, the rotary beam 13 is driven by the oil cylinder to rotate, and the oil cylinder can automatically lock the position of the rotary beam 13, or the rotary beam is driven by the transmission components such as the motor and the rack-and-pinion mechanism to rotate, and the locking can also be achieved, specifically, the rotary beam 13 is provided with a gear, the corresponding main beam is provided with an arc-shaped rack, and the motor drives the gear of the rotary beam 13 to rotate along the arc-shaped rack.

With continued reference to fig. 8-10, fig. 8 is a schematic view of the sling 2 of the rotating beam 13 of fig. 1; FIG. 9 is another perspective view of FIG. 8; fig. 10 is an exploded view of fig. 8.

In this embodiment, hoist and mount portion 2 that rotatory roof beam 13 tip set up includes rotates the seat, rotates the seat and specifically includes outer lane 22 in this embodiment, rotates the seat and can rotate relative rotatory roof beam 13, and the axis of rotation that rotates the seat defines as the second axis of rotation, and the second axis of rotation extends along the third direction, and the third direction perpendicular to second direction, in this embodiment, the second direction is Z to, then the second axis of rotation horizontal extension, rotate the seat promptly and can rotate in vertical in-plane. The sling 2 further includes a plurality of hanging plates 21 distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating base, the hanging points are disposed on the hanging plates 21, specifically, in this embodiment, the hanging points are hanging holes 21a disposed on the hanging plates 21, the hanging strip 200 can pass through the hanging holes 21a, the radial distance between the hanging point of each hanging plate 21 and the second rotating axis of the rotating base is different, in fig. 8, the hanging hole 21a is disposed at the end of the hanging plate 21 far away from the second rotating axis, the radial length of each hanging plate 21 is different, the longer the radial length of the hanging plate 21 is, the longer the distance between the hanging point and the second rotating axis is, and vice versa. It is to be understood that the hanging point is not limited to the structure of the hanging hole 21a, for example, if the hanging plate 21 is provided with a hook for hooking the hanging strip 200, the hook is the hanging point.

When a part to be lifted is lifted, if the lifting gravity center is unstable, lifting points of different lifting plates 21 can be selected for use, so that the Z-direction lifting gravity center can be adjusted. For example, if the lifting center of gravity is deviated to a certain side, the lifting plate 21 with a shorter length in the rotating seat of the rotating beam 13 can be selected for the rotating beam 13 close to the certain position, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the lifting center of gravity. It can be understood that the telescopic adjustment of the X-direction hoisting center of gravity and the rotary adjustment of the Y-direction hoisting center of gravity are beneficial to realizing the adjustment of the Z-direction hoisting center of gravity with higher precision through the selection of different hoisting points, and the reliable adjustment of the hoisting center is realized together with the telescopic and rotary adjustment.

In addition, on the hoisting site, if the lengths of the hanging strips 200 are inconsistent, the corresponding hanging plates 21 can be selected to ensure the safety and convenience of hoisting to the maximum extent, namely, the shorter hanging strip 200 can correspond to the hanging plate 21 with the longer length, namely, the length of the hanging plate 21 is utilized to make up the deficiency of the length of the hanging strip 200, and the longer hanging strip 200 can correspond to the hanging plate 21 with the shorter length, so that the adjustment is very flexible and simple. It can be known that if the hanging strip 200 is damaged, when the hanging tool of the present embodiment is used, the hanging strip 200 can be exchanged, so that the flexibility and safety of field hoisting are greatly improved. Of course, not only the provision of the hanger plate 21 can achieve this effect, but the extension and retraction of the telescopic beam structure and the rotational adjustment of the center of gravity of the rotary beam 13 are both advantageous in compensating for the damage or difference in length of the hanger belt 200.

Referring to fig. 11-13, two lifting units 2 are used for lifting a to-be-lifted component, specifically, a to-be-lifted component C, a to-be-lifted component a, and a to-be-lifted component B shown in fig. 11-13, and fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of two lifting plates 21 of the lifting appliance in fig. 1 for lifting the to-be-lifted component C; FIG. 12 is a schematic view of two lifting plates 21 of the spreader of FIG. 1 for lifting a lifted part A; fig. 13 is a schematic view of two lifting plates 21 of the spreader of fig. 1 for lifting a lifted part B.

The lifting appliance in fig. 11 is used for lifting a lifted part C400, the lifting plate 21 selected from the lifting part 2 on the left side in fig. 11 is the shortest lifting plate 21 of the six lifting plates 21, and the lifting plate 21 selected from the lifting part 2 on the right side in fig. 11 is the lifting plate 21 with the third length of the six lifting plates 21, so that the distance between the lifting plate 21 on the left side and the lifted part C400 is H1, the distance between the lifting plate 21 on the right side and the lifted part C400 is H2, and H2 is smaller than H1, the lifting plate 21 on the left side can be provided with a long lifting belt 200, and the lifting plate 21 on the right side can be provided with a short lifting belt 200. Obviously, when the center of gravity of the suspended part C is shifted and the length of the hanging strip 200 is the same, the center of gravity can be adjusted by selecting hanging plates 21 with different lengths from different hanging parts 2, for example, if the center of gravity of the suspended part 400 is deviated to the left in fig. 11, the selection of the hanging plate 21 in fig. 11 can still be adopted and the hanging strips 200 with the same length can still be adopted.

Referring to fig. 12 again, the lifting appliance is used for lifting a lifted part a100, and the lengths of the lifting plates 21 selected on different lifting parts are the same, but the circumferential positions of the lifting plates 21 are different, so that the distances between the lifting plates 21 and the lifted part a100 are H3 and H4 respectively, wherein H4 is larger than H3, and the lifting plate can also be matched with lifting belts 200 with different lengths or used for adjusting the gravity center, and at this time, when the lifting plates 21 are not at the lowest point, the lifting part 2 needs to be positioned. Referring to fig. 13 again, the lifting appliance is used for lifting the lifted part B300, the lifting straps 200 have the same length, the two selected lifting plates 21 have the same length, and the distances H5 and H6 between the lifting hole 21a and the lifted part B300 are the same.

In addition, in fig. 11, the distance between the two hoisting parts 2 is r, in fig. 12, the distance between the two hoisting parts 2 is p, and in fig. 13, the distance between the two hoisting parts 2 is q, which can be realized by the rotation of the rotating beam 13, and thus, the hanger can be adapted to the parts to be hung with different hoisting position spans.

As shown in fig. 3, the lifting appliance is provided with four rotating beams 13, each rotating beam 13 is provided with one lifting part 2, each lifting part 2 is provided with six lifting plates 21, and the actual lifting point of each lifting part 2 can be selected from six, so that 6 × 6 — 216 working conditions can be realized, and high-precision lifting gravity center adjustment is guaranteed. It should be understood that the number of the hanging plates 21 is not limited to 6, and may be other numbers, such as 4, 8, etc., and two or more hanging plates may be used for adjustment.

With reference to fig. 9, the hanging part 2 includes a rotating shaft, the rotating seat rotates around the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft can be fixed to the rotating beam 13 in the axial direction, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft is specifically a screw 23, the screw 23 can be connected to the rotating beam 13 by a thread, the screw 23 is rotated, the distance between the hanging part 2 and the rotating beam 13 can be adjusted, accordingly, the position of the hanging hole 21a of the hanging plate 21 on the rotating seat moves accordingly, and the purpose of adjusting the gravity center of the hanging can be achieved. From the above, the embodiment provided by the application can realize X, Y and Z directions, and the gravity center adjusting function of 6 degrees of freedom, ensures the hoisting level and safety, and greatly increases the application range thereof.

As shown in fig. 10, the rotary seat body includes an outer ring 22 having a shaft hole, and a plurality of hanger plates 21 may be fixed to the outer ring by welding. The sling 2 further comprises an inner ring 25 and a roller 24 therebetween, the screw 23 can be fixed to the inner ring 25, for example, the screw 23 can be inserted into the inner ring 25 in an interference fit manner, so that the rotating base can rotate more smoothly relative to the screw 23, and after the selected hanging hole 21a of the hanging plate 21 lifts the device to be hung, the hanging plate 21 automatically rotates to the lowest position under the action of gravity. At this time, the rolling seat, the inner ring 25, and the rollers 24 constitute a roller bearing assembly, and the rollers can transmit a radial force pressing the outer ring and the inner ring.

In addition, the telescopic beam structure in the embodiment further comprises a lifting part, the lifting part is used for being connected with lifting equipment, specifically can be connected with a lifting hook of the lifting equipment, the lifting equipment lifts a lifting appliance, the lifting appliance lifts the to-be-lifted part again, and finally the lifting equipment lifts the to-be-lifted part. As shown in fig. 1, the lifting portions 31 are provided on the rotating beams 13, each rotating beam 13 is provided with a lifting portion 31, and the lifting force is relatively uniform, and the arrangement manner of the lifting portions 31 is not limited thereto, and can be adaptively adjusted according to the structural change of the spreader, as long as the positions of the lifting portions 31 are uniformly distributed.

In this embodiment, the telescopic beam structure further includes a second driving portion, and the second driving portion can drive the lifting portion 31 to move, so as to change the position of the lifting portion 31, and also achieve the purposes of adapting to lifting equipment and adjusting the lifting center of gravity. The second driving part may be a second driving cylinder 32 shown in fig. 1, the rotating beam 13 may be provided with a sliding slot, and the second driving cylinder 32 may drive the lifting part 31 to slide in the sliding slot when extending or contracting, so as to change the position of the lifting part 31 in the X direction. It is understood that the second driving unit is not limited to the cylinder structure, and may be a combination of a motor and a transmission member.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the telescopic beam structure includes four rotating beams 13 for illustration, and it is understood that the arrangement form of the rotating beams 13 is not limited thereto. In fact, the telescopic beam structure is provided with one rotating beam 13 to achieve adjustment of the lifting gravity center, for example, in fig. 3, three rotating beams 13 can be regarded as structures fixed with the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12, and then the other rotating beam 13 can achieve adjustment of the gravity center when rotating; for another example, the first main beam 11 may not be provided with the rotating beam 13, the hoisting part 2 is directly disposed on the first main beam 11, and only the second main beam 12 is provided with the pair of rotating beams 13, which may also perform the function of adjusting the center of gravity.

In this embodiment, four rotating beams 13 are arranged according to the mode of fig. 3, and each of the first main beam 11 and the second main beam 12 is provided with a pair of rotating beams 13, so that the stable hoisting requirements of multiple hoisting points can be met, and the adjustment of the center of gravity is more flexible, it can be understood that, in theory, the more the number of the rotating beams 13 is, the more flexible the adjustment is, and the consideration is from the perspective of considering simple structure and easy adjustment of the hoisting tool, the mode of arranging the four rotating beams 13 in fig. 3 can better achieve the purpose of adjusting the center of gravity, and can adapt to hoisting under multiple working conditions. In addition, the length setting of each rotating beam 13 can also be different, and diversified design can be carried out according to actual requirements, and the application does not specifically limit the length setting.

In addition, the lifting appliance in the embodiment can also realize diversified adjustment of the number of lifting points.

In fig. 1, two ends of the telescopic beam structure are provided with four rotating beams 13, and are provided with four hoisting parts 2, when a to-be-hoisted component is provided with two hoisting positions, two hoisting parts 2 of the hoisting tool can be selected, for example, one hoisting part 2 of a first beam and one hoisting part 2 of a second beam are selected to participate in hoisting; when the part to be lifted is provided with three lifting positions, one lifting part 2 of the first beam or the second beam and two lifting parts 2 of the second beam or the first beam can be selected to participate in lifting; when the part to be lifted is provided with four lifting positions, the four lifting parts 2 of the four rotating beams 13 are all lifted.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, fig. 14 is a schematic view of the two sling portions 2 of the sling of fig. 1 with the hanging plates 21 fixed; fig. 15 is a front view of fig. 8.

When two-point hoisting or three-point hoisting is performed, the two hoisting parts 2 of the two rotating beams 13 can be combined into one hoisting component, so that the hoisting is more stable. In a specific combination mode, the corresponding hanging plates 21 on the two rotating beams 13 of the first beam or the second beam can be selected according to the requirement of gravity center adjustment to be connected with a part to be hung, then the two rotating beams 13 are rotated to be close to each other, the hanging holes 21a of the two hanging plates 21 on the two rotating beams 13 can be coaxial, the two hanging plates 21 can be fixed by inserting pin shafts, and the two hanging parts 2 can also be used as a fixed hanging part.

In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the hanging plates 21 of the two rotating beams 13 can be fixed to be used as a hoisting component, the hanging holes 21a of the plurality of hanging plates 21 of the rotating base can be distributed along an involute relative to the second rotation axis of the rotating base, as shown by a dotted line in fig. 15, so that each hanging plate 21 can be ensured to be coaxial with the corresponding hanging plate 21 of the other rotating beam 13 along with the rotation of the rotating base, and thus, the hanging plates cannot be fixed together due to interference.

The above-mentioned multiple hoisting point modes can be exemplified by hoisting a wind turbine generator set by a hoist, as shown in fig. 16-18, fig. 16 is a schematic view of a nacelle 10, a motor 20, and a hub 30 of a wind turbine hoisting fan in the hoist of fig. 1; FIG. 17 is a front view of FIG. 16; fig. 18 is a left side view of fig. 17.

As shown in fig. 16, the nacelle 10, the motor 20, and the hub 30 can be assembled together and then lifted by the lifting device in the above embodiment by four-point lifting, the lifting plates 21 of the lifting portions 2 of the two rotary beams 13 at the ends of the second main beam 12 are connected to the slings 200, and the slings 200 are connected to two lifting positions of the nacelle 10. The hanging plate 21 of the hanging part 2 of the two rotary beams 13 at the end part of the first main beam 11 is connected with the hanging strip 200, and the hanging strip 200 is connected to two hanging positions of the wheel hub 30, thereby realizing four-point hanging.

As shown in fig. 19, fig. 19 is a schematic view of the nacelle 10 and the motor 20 of the lifting fan of the spreader of fig. 1.

The lifting appliance can also lift the assembled engine room 10 and the assembled motor 20, at the moment, three-point lifting can be performed, specifically, the lifting parts 2 of the two rotating beams 13 of the first main beam 11 can be fixed as one lifting part and correspond to the lifting position of the motor 20, and the two rotating beams 13 of the second main beam 12 still have two independent lifting parts 2 and correspond to the two lifting positions of the engine room 10. At this time, compared with the lifting of three major parts in fig. 16, the hub 30 is not lifted in fig. 19, the overall length is reduced, the telescopic beam structure can be contracted, and the angle of the rotating beam 13 can be adjusted according to the gravity center condition, so as to achieve stable lifting suitable for different equipment.

Turning to fig. 20, fig. 20 is a schematic view of the nacelle 10 of the hoist lifting fan of fig. 1.

When the engine room 10 is hoisted, four hoisting parts 2 of the four rotating beams 13 are hoisted at four points, and correspond to four hoisting positions of the engine room 10, the telescopic beam structure can be shortened, and the rotating beams 13 can be adjusted in a rotating mode.

Obviously, when the lifting appliance in the embodiment of the application lifts the wind turbine generator system, the nacelle 10 can be lifted independently, or the nacelle 10 and the motor 20 can be lifted simultaneously, or the nacelle 10, the motor 20 and the hub 30 can be lifted independently, obviously, the motor 20 or the hub 30 can be lifted independently, when the motor 20 is lifted independently, two points can be lifted according to the lifting position of the motor 20, and other equipment can also be lifted by adopting the lifting appliance. Therefore, the lifting appliance has the function of lifting multiple machines, can meet the working conditions of different combined bodies and split lifting, can meet the requirement of gravity center adjustment, and achieves the purpose of stable lifting. The lifting appliance can not only adjust the gravity center for different split bodies or split combination, but also adjust the gravity center for the split components of the same type, taking the engine room as an example, even if the engine room is of a symmetrical structure, the components are loaded in the engine room and can be eccentric, and the lifting appliance can achieve the purpose of adjusting the gravity center, so that the engine room can be easily butted with a tower frame, and the installation efficiency is improved; for another example, the length of the hanging strip initially meets the requirement of the hoisting size, but the hanging strip is worn and damaged or lengthened in the using process, so that the hoisting eccentricity is possibly caused, and the hanging strip can be adjusted through the hanging tool in the embodiment, so that the flexibility and the safety of field hoisting are greatly improved. Because the special lifting appliance is not required to be designed according to different machine types and different lifting parts, the cost can be greatly saved.

The principle and the implementation of the present application are explained by applying specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application, and it is understood that the structures in the above embodiments of the present application can be arbitrarily combined as required to make them have corresponding functions. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (14)

1. A lifting appliance is characterized by comprising a telescopic beam structure, wherein the telescopic beam structure comprises a first beam and a second beam which are nested with each other, the lifting appliance further comprises a first driving part for driving the first beam and the second beam to relatively extend and retract along a first direction, and the first beam and the second beam are both provided with lifting parts for connecting parts to be lifted; at least one of the first beam and the second beam comprises a main beam and at least one rotating beam hinged to the main beam, the hinge axis extends along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

2. The spreader of claim 1, further comprising a locking structure, wherein the swivel beams rotate to a predetermined position, and wherein the first locking structure locks the swivel beams to restrict the swivel beams from rotating relative to the corresponding main beams.

3. The lifting appliance according to claim 2, wherein the locking structure comprises a first locking plate arranged on the main beam and a second locking plate arranged on the rotary beam, wherein one of the first locking plate and the second locking plate is provided with a plurality of first locking holes distributed in an arc shape, the other one of the first locking plate and the second locking plate is provided with a second locking hole, and the plurality of first locking holes can be coaxially corresponding to the second locking holes in sequence during the rotation of the rotary beam; the locking structure further comprises a locking pin, and locking is achieved through the locking pin inserted into the first locking hole and the second locking hole.

4. The spreader according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sling portion comprises a rotatable seat that is rotatable relative to the rotatable beam, the axis of rotation being perpendicular to the second direction; at least two hanging plates are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating seat, each hanging plate is provided with a hanging point used for connecting equipment to be hung, and the distance from each hanging point to the rotating axis of the rotating seat is different.

5. The lifting appliance according to claim 4, wherein the lifting portion comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating base comprises an outer ring with a shaft hole, the lifting plates are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring, an inner ring is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a roller is arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring.

6. The spreader of claim 5, wherein the spindle is a screw.

7. The spreader of claim 4, wherein each of the hanger plates has a different radial length, and each of the hanging points is a hanging hole provided at an end of the hanger plate.

8. The spreader of claim 7, wherein the rotating base is provided with a plurality of the hanging plates, and the hanging holes of the plurality of the hanging plates are distributed in an involute shape relative to the rotating axis of the rotating base.

9. The spreader according to claim 8, wherein both of the swivel beams are rotatable to a predetermined position in which the hanger plate of one swivel beam is rotatable to be coaxial with the hanger hole of the hanger plate of the other swivel beam.

10. A spreader according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the telescopic beam structure is further provided with a lifting portion (31) for connection to a lifting device, and a second driving portion, wherein the lifting portion is slidably arranged on the first beam or the second beam, the second driving portion drives the lifting portion to slide, and the rotating beam is provided with the lifting portion.

11. The spreader according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first and second beams each comprise a main beam, and one end of each of the two main beams is nested with each other, and the other end of each of the two main beams is provided with two rotating beams, and each of the rotating beams is provided with a lifting portion for connecting with a lifting device.

12. The spreader of claim 11, wherein the main beam is a box beam, and the first driving portion is a driving cylinder provided inside the main beam.

13. A hoisting method for hoisting a member to be hoisted by the hoist according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the hoisting center of gravity is adjusted by rotating the rotating beam and driving the first beam and the second beam to relatively extend and retract to change the position of the hoisting point of the rotating beam.

14. A hoisting method for hoisting a to-be-hoisted part by the hoisting tool according to claim 13, wherein the hoisting part position of the rotating beam is changed by rotating the rotating beam and driving the first beam and the second beam to relatively extend and retract so as to adjust the hoisting center of gravity; and hoisting the part to be hoisted by the following modes:

rotating the two rotating beams at one end to the preset position, selecting one lifting hole, rotating the two rotating beams at the other end to the preset position, and selecting one lifting hole to realize two-point lifting;

rotating the two rotating beams at one end to the preset position, selecting one lifting hole, and selecting one lifting hole from the two rotating beams at the other end respectively to realize three-point lifting;

and the two rotating beams at one end respectively select one lifting hole, and the rotating beam at the other end also respectively selects one lifting hole, so that four-point lifting is realized.

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