CN114309687A - Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool - Google Patents
Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN114309687A CN114309687A CN202111647849.4A CN202111647849A CN114309687A CN 114309687 A CN114309687 A CN 114309687A CN 202111647849 A CN202111647849 A CN 202111647849A CN 114309687 A CN114309687 A CN 114309687A
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Abstract
The application discloses polycrystal cubic boron nitride cutting tool relates to the cutting tool field, aims at solving the technical problem that the cutting tool wear property is not good among the prior art. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool comprises a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet and a core body; the preparation method of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet comprises the following steps: cutting the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet into polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets by laser; and bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets along the circumferential direction of the cutter core body to prepare the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of cutting tools, and more particularly to a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool.
Background
Cubic boron nitride is a superhard material second to diamond, not only has many excellent characteristics of diamond, but also has higher thermal stability and chemical inertness to iron group metals and alloys thereof, and has been widely applied to the processing industry of ferrous metal and alloy materials thereof as an engineering material. Meanwhile, the cubic boron nitride is applied to a series of high-tech fields by virtue of excellent thermal, electrical, optical and acoustic properties and the like, and becomes a functional material with great development prospect.
Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride is a polycrystal of cubic boron nitride, and is widely applied to the processing fields of materials such as cast iron, quenched steel, powder metallurgy and the like due to the advantages of high hardness, good wear resistance, stable chemical properties and the like. At present, the preparation of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride has very strict requirements on sintering conditions and synthesis equipment, so that the preparation method is difficult to be applied to industrial production, and the prepared polycrystalline cubic boron nitride has poor wear resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the application is to provide a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool, and aims to solve the technical problem that the wear resistance of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool in the prior art is poor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application proposes a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool comprising a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet and a core;
the preparation method of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet comprises the following steps:
cutting the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet into polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets by laser;
and bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets along the circumferential direction of the cutter core body to prepare the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool.
As an implementation manner of the present application, the laser cutting parameters are: wavelength of 0.5-0.6 μm, output power of 8-12w, pulse frequency of 8-12kHZ, pulse width of 0.1-0.2 μ s, focal spot diameter of 0.02-0.05mm, and cutting speed of 0.8-1 mm/s.
As an implementation manner of the present application, the laser cutting parameters are: wavelength of 0.53 μm, output power of 10w, pulse frequency of 10kHZ, pulse width of 0.1 μ s, focal spot diameter of 0.05mm, and cutting speed of 1 mm/s.
As an embodiment of the application, the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet has the size of 9-11mm in length, 0.1-0.5mm in width and 0.5-0.8mm in height.
As an embodiment of the present application, the step of bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet along a tool core in a circumferential direction to prepare a fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool comprises:
and (3) taking the surface of the workbench as a reference, and bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber piece tightly against the workbench in the circumferential direction.
As an embodiment of the present application, after the step of preparing the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool by circumferentially bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet along a tool core, the method further includes:
uniformly distributing cubic boron nitride micro powder with the particle size of 1 mu m in epoxy resin to prepare a cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip, cutting the cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip by using a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool, and obtaining the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool with the radially protruded fibers and the consistent height when the total cutting depth reaches 1 mm.
As an embodiment of the present application, the distribution distance of the diamond fibers in the polycrystalline diamond fiber blade is the same as the fiber width dimension, and is 0.1-0.5 mm.
In one embodiment of the present application, the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool has a cutting rake angle of 0 ℃ and a relief angle of 20 ℃.
As an embodiment of the present application, the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride compact comprises:
the composite material comprises a hard alloy substrate and a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite material main body which is compounded on the upper surface of the hard alloy substrate through sintering;
the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite body comprises: the ceramic material is prepared by sintering cubic boron nitride grains serving as a main body through a ceramic adhesive.
As an embodiment of the present application, the cubic boron nitride crystal grains include: cubic boron nitride crystal grains with grain size of 0.1-3 μm and cubic boron nitride crystal grains with grain size of 5-20 μm.
The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool comprises a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet and a core body; the preparation method of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet comprises the following steps: cutting the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet into polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets by laser; and bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets along the circumferential direction of the cutter core body to prepare the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet has few surface cracks and high strength, so that the wear resistance of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of making a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objectives of the present application will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Cubic boron nitride is a superhard material second to diamond, not only has many excellent characteristics of diamond, but also has higher thermal stability and chemical inertness to iron group metals and alloys thereof, and has been widely applied to the processing industry of ferrous metal and alloy materials thereof as an engineering material. Meanwhile, the cubic boron nitride is applied to a series of high-tech fields by virtue of excellent thermal, electrical, optical and acoustic properties and the like, and becomes a functional material with great development prospect.
Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride is a polycrystal of cubic boron nitride, and is widely applied to the processing fields of materials such as cast iron, quenched steel, powder metallurgy and the like due to the advantages of high hardness, good wear resistance, stable chemical properties and the like. At present, the preparation of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride has very strict requirements on sintering conditions and synthesis equipment, so that the preparation method is difficult to be applied to industrial production, and the prepared polycrystalline cubic boron nitride has poor wear resistance.
In view of the above technical deficiencies, the present application provides a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool comprising a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet and a core body;
the preparation method of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet comprises the following steps:
cutting the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet into polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets by laser;
and bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets along the circumferential direction of the cutter core body to prepare the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool.
The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool comprises a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet and a core body; the preparation method of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet comprises the following steps: cutting the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet into polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets by laser; and bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets along the circumferential direction of the cutter core body to prepare the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet has few surface cracks and high strength, so that the wear resistance of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool is improved.
The application relates to a contrast test for processing a WC/12Co coating by a fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool and a common polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool under the same condition, wherein the WC/12Co coating is prepared by spraying a low-carbon steel matrix by adopting an ultra-high-speed flame spraying method, and the main mechanical properties are as follows: the powder had a particle size of 1.4 μm and a density of 14.5g/cm2Vickers hardness of 13.0HV and fracture toughness of 2.5 MPa-m1/2The bonding strength is 83.7 MPa; the processing experiments were performed on a MGK7120 x 6 flat mill. The main parameters of the cutting comparative test are shown in table 1:
table 1:
| parameter(s) | Numerical value |
| Cutting depth a of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting toolp/μm | 5,10,20,30,40 |
| SD80N100B grinding wheel grinding depth a'p/μm | 5,10,20,30,40 |
| Workpiece feed velocity Vw/(mm·s-1) | 10,20,30,40 |
| Machine tool spindle speed n/(kr & min)-1) | 3 |
According to the test, when the cutting depth is less than 20 mu m, the processing surface of the WC/12Co coating processed by the common polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool is relatively complete, surface damage and microcracks are not basically generated, and obvious cutting marks exist along the full cutting direction, which indicates that the plastic flow of the material exists on the processing surface in the cutting process; but with the increase of the cutting depth, the WC/12Co coating processing surface has micro-cracks; when the cutting depth is 40 μm, the quality of the processed surface of the WC/12Co coating is remarkably deteriorated, and there are continuous cracks and defects because the shearing and frictional effects of the blade to the workpiece are increased with the increase of the cutting depth and the feed rate, and the tensile stress generated by the shearing force exceeds the strength limit of the WC/12Co coating, thereby causing damages and cracks on the processed surface. The WC/12Co coating processed by the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool has good surface integrity and does not have the defects of microcracks, holes and the like.
As an implementation manner of the present application, the laser cutting parameters are: wavelength of 0.5-0.6 μm, output power of 8-12w, pulse frequency of 8-12kHZ, pulse width of 0.1-0.2 μ s, focal spot diameter of 0.02-0.05mm, and cutting speed of 0.8-1 mm/s. Preferably, the parameters of the laser cutting are as follows: wavelength of 0.53 μm, output power of 10w, pulse frequency of 10kHZ, pulse width of 0.1 μ s, focal spot diameter of 0.05mm, and cutting speed of 1 mm/s. In some embodiments of the present application, the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride compact is cut using a green-emitting KTP: Nd: YAG laser to obtain a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet that replaces conventional cutters.
As an embodiment of the application, the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet has the size of 9-11mm in length, 0.1-0.5mm in width and 0.5-0.8mm in height. The size can be adjusted according to the actual application scene, but in terms of the scheme of the Shenqi, the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber piece with the size has better abrasion performance after being manufactured into a cutter.
As an embodiment of the present application, the step of bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet along a tool core in a circumferential direction to prepare a fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool comprises:
and (3) taking the surface of the workbench as a reference, and bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber piece tightly against the workbench in the circumferential direction. The method can control the radial projection height error of each fiber sheet within 10 μm.
As an embodiment of the present application, after the step of preparing the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool by circumferentially bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet along a tool core, the method further includes:
uniformly distributing cubic boron nitride micro powder with the particle size of 1 mu m in epoxy resin to prepare a cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip, cutting the cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip by using a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool, and obtaining the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool with the radially protruded fibers and the consistent height when the total cutting depth reaches 1 mm. So that it will have better wear properties in subsequent use.
As an embodiment of the present application, the distribution distance of the diamond fibers in the polycrystalline diamond fiber blade is the same as the fiber width dimension, and is 0.1-0.5 mm. In the research and development process of the applicant, when the distribution distance of the diamond fibers in the polycrystalline diamond fiber blade is the same as the width dimension of the fibers, and the distribution distance and the width dimension of the fibers are 0.1-0.5mm, the manufactured cutter has higher durability and service life.
In one embodiment of the present application, the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool has a cutting rake angle of 0 ℃ and a relief angle of 20 ℃. In the research and development process, the applicant finds that when the cutting rake angle of the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool is 0 ℃ and the cutting relief angle is 20 ℃, the manufactured cutting tool has higher durability and service life.
As an embodiment of the present application, the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride compact comprises:
the composite material comprises a hard alloy substrate and a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite material main body which is compounded on the upper surface of the hard alloy substrate through sintering;
the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite body comprises: the ceramic material is prepared by sintering cubic boron nitride grains serving as a main body through a ceramic adhesive. Preferably, the cubic boron nitride grains include: cubic boron nitride crystal grains with grain size of 0.1-3 μm and cubic boron nitride crystal grains with grain size of 5-20 μm. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite material is prepared by sintering a binder, wherein cubic boron nitride crystal grains with the grain size of 0.1-3 mu m and cubic boron nitride crystal grains with the grain size of 5-20 mu m are used as mixed crystal grains as main bodies; the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite material improves the density of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite material by improving the components of the raw materials, so that the wear resistance of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite material is obviously improved.
Example 1
Cutting the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet into polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets with the size of 9mm in length, 0.1mm in width and 0.8mm in height by laser; the laser cutting parameters are as follows: wavelength of 0.53 μm, output power of 10w, pulse frequency of 10kHZ, pulse width of 0.1 μ s, focal spot diameter of 0.05mm, and cutting speed of 1 mm/s.
Bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets along the circumferential direction of the cutter core body to prepare a fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool;
uniformly distributing cubic boron nitride micro powder with the particle size of 1 mu m in epoxy resin to prepare a cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip, cutting the cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip by using a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool, and obtaining the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool with the radially protruded fibers and the consistent height when the total cutting depth reaches 1 mm.
Example 2
Cutting the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet into polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets with the size of 10mm in length, 0.3mm in width and 0.6mm in height by laser; the laser cutting parameters are as follows: wavelength of 0.53 μm, output power of 10w, pulse frequency of 10kHZ, pulse width of 0.1 μ s, focal spot diameter of 0.05mm, and cutting speed of 1 mm/s.
Bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets along the circumferential direction of the cutter core body to prepare a fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool;
uniformly distributing cubic boron nitride micro powder with the particle size of 1 mu m in epoxy resin to prepare a cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip, cutting the cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip by using a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool, and obtaining the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool with the radially protruded fibers and the consistent height when the total cutting depth reaches 1 mm.
Example 3
Cutting the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet into polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets with the size of 11mm in length, 0.5mm in width and 0.8mm in height by laser; the laser cutting parameters are as follows: wavelength of 0.53 μm, output power of 10w, pulse frequency of 10kHZ, pulse width of 0.1 μ s, focal spot diameter of 0.05mm, and cutting speed of 1 mm/s.
Bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets along the circumferential direction of the cutter core body to prepare a fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool;
uniformly distributing cubic boron nitride micro powder with the particle size of 1 mu m in epoxy resin to prepare a cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip, cutting the cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip by using a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool, and obtaining the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool with the radially protruded fibers and the consistent height when the total cutting depth reaches 1 mm.
The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tools of examples 1 to 3 were used to some extent, and the wear amount of the tool flank was examined by a microscope after use, and the test results are shown in table 2:
table 2:
as can be seen from the above table, the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of the present application has better wear properties on the flank surface than the common cutting tool.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all modifications and equivalents of the technical solutions that can be directly or indirectly applied to other related fields without departing from the spirit of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool is characterized by comprising a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet and a core body;
the preparation method of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet comprises the following steps:
cutting the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheet into polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets by laser;
and bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheets along the circumferential direction of the cutter core body to prepare the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool.
2. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the laser cutting parameters are: wavelength of 0.5-0.6 μm, output power of 8-12w, pulse frequency of 8-12kHZ, pulse width of 0.1-0.2 μ s, focal spot diameter of 0.02-0.05mm, and cutting speed of 0.8-1 mm/s.
3. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the laser cutting parameters are: wavelength of 0.53 μm, output power of 10w, pulse frequency of 10kHZ, pulse width of 0.1 μ s, focal spot diameter of 0.05mm, and cutting speed of 1 mm/s.
4. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet has dimensions of: 9-11mm long, 0.1-0.5mm wide and 0.5-0.8mm high.
5. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of claim 1 wherein said step of circumferentially bonding said polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet along a tool core to produce a fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool comprises:
and (3) taking the surface of the workbench as a reference, and bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber piece tightly against the workbench in the circumferential direction.
6. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of claim 1, wherein after the step of circumferentially bonding the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride fiber sheet along a tool core to produce a fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool, further comprising:
uniformly distributing cubic boron nitride micro powder with the particle size of 1 mu m in epoxy resin to prepare a cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip, cutting the cubic boron nitride micro powder grinding strip by using a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool, and obtaining the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool with the radially protruded fibers and the consistent height when the total cutting depth reaches 1 mm.
7. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the distribution distance of the diamond fibers in the polycrystalline diamond fiber insert is the same as the fiber width dimension, both 0.1-0.5 mm.
8. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the fibrous polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool has a rake angle of 0 ℃ and a relief angle of 20 ℃.
9. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride compact comprises:
the composite material comprises a hard alloy substrate and a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite material main body which is compounded on the upper surface of the hard alloy substrate through sintering;
the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite body comprises: the ceramic material is prepared by sintering cubic boron nitride grains serving as a main body through a ceramic adhesive.
10. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting tool of claim 9, wherein the cubic boron nitride grains comprise: cubic boron nitride crystal grains with grain size of 0.1-3 μm and cubic boron nitride crystal grains with grain size of 5-20 μm.
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