CN114309582A - Copper-based powder metallurgy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Copper-based powder metallurgy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114309582A CN114309582A CN202111554668.7A CN202111554668A CN114309582A CN 114309582 A CN114309582 A CN 114309582A CN 202111554668 A CN202111554668 A CN 202111554668A CN 114309582 A CN114309582 A CN 114309582A
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- Prior art keywords
- copper
- powder metallurgy
- based powder
- metallurgy material
- zinc
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical group O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000784732 Lycaena phlaeas Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a copper-based powder metallurgy material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the copper-based powder metallurgy material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 3 to 8 percent of Sn, 0.5 to 2 percent of Al and Cu2O2-5%, zinc stearate 0.3-0.7%, and Cu in balance. Wherein: zinc stearate is decomposed into zinc oxide during sintering treatment, then the zinc oxide is reduced into zinc by aluminum under the high-temperature condition, the solid solubility of zinc in copper is high, and a good solid solution strengthening effect can be achieved. The component tin is a common reinforced copper-based element, but impurities are always generated in the preparation process, the main impurity component is tin oxide,in the invention, Cu with strong reducibility is used in the raw material2O, by Cu2And O reduces tin oxide to achieve the purification effect. The invention realizes the toughening of the copper-based powder metallurgy material through the material formula design, and has the characteristics of low cost, high safety and the like compared with other hot working processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of powder metallurgy sintering materials, and particularly relates to a copper-based powder metallurgy material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Powder metallurgy is a process technique for producing metal powders and forming the metal powders into materials or articles using forming and sintering processes. The method comprises the steps of preparing raw material powder, preparing materials, forming, sintering, post-treating and the like. The powder metallurgy can produce structural materials, functional materials and composite materials with special properties, is a novel process for manufacturing mechanical parts with less cutting and even without cutting, can greatly save metal materials and improve labor productivity. It is a technology which can produce material with special performance, and is a technology for manufacturing cheap and high-quality mechanical parts. Applications of powder metallurgy processes are seen from hardware parts to large machinery, from civil industry to military industry, from general technology to sophisticated technology.
The copper-based powder metallurgy material has the advantages of good electric and heat conduction, fast running-in and the like, is widely applied to the fields of transportation, wind power generation and the like, and is often used as a key friction pair material of a brake pad and the like. However, when hard components such as tin and iron are added to the copper-based powder metallurgy material, component segregation is easily generated, and the sintered sample has uneven structure and poor toughness. The common copper-based powder metallurgy toughening is carried out by fiber toughening, pressure sintering and other modes, the process is complex, and the production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a copper-based powder metallurgy material and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the copper-based powder metallurgy material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 3 to 8 percent of Sn, 0.5 to 2 percent of Al and Cu2O2-5%, zinc stearate 0.3-0.7%, and Cu in balance.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the copper-based powder metallurgy material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing Sn, Al and Cu respectively2O, zinc stearate and Cu, and mixing themMixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding the mixture into a mold, paving, and performing compression molding to obtain a pressed compact; preferably, the pressure of the compression molding is 400-600 MPa.
And S3, placing the pressed blank in a heating device to carry out sintering treatment in a reducing atmosphere to obtain the copper-based powder metallurgy material. Preferably, the heating device is a sintering furnace; the reducing atmosphere is a mixed atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen, preferably, the volume ratio of the nitrogen to the hydrogen is 9:1, and the hydrogen is used for reducing impurities in the sintering process; the sintering treatment temperature is 800-950 ℃, and the time is 40-80 min.
Compared with the existing copper-based powder metallurgy material, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the zinc stearate in the invention has the following functions: on the one hand, it is used as a common powder metallurgy lubricant; on the other hand, zinc stearate can be decomposed into zinc oxide under high temperature in the sintering treatment process, then the zinc oxide is reduced into zinc by aluminum thermal reaction in the raw material components under the high temperature condition, the solid solubility of zinc in copper is high, a good solid solution strengthening effect can be achieved, and the toughness of the copper-based powder metallurgy material is improved.
(2) Tin is a common reinforced copper-based element, but impurities exist in the preparation process, the main impurity component is tin oxide, and Cu with strong reducibility is used in the raw materials of the invention2O, by Cu2O reduces tin oxide to achieve the purification effect, thereby maintaining the stability of product performance.
(3) The invention realizes the toughening of the copper-based powder metallurgy material through the material formula design, and has the characteristics of low cost, high safety and the like compared with other hot working processes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can practice the present invention, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention. The raw materials used in the following examples are commercially available products.
Example 1
A preparation method of a copper-based powder metallurgy material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing Cu powder, Sn powder, Al powder and Cu2O powder, and zinc stearate powder were mixed in accordance with Sn: 3%, Al: 0.5% of Cu2O: 2%, zinc stearate: 0.3 percent, and the balance of Cu are mixed evenly;
s2, filling the uniformly mixed raw material powder into a die, paving, and pressing under the pressure of 400MPa to form a compact;
s3, placing the pressed compact in a sintering furnace, and sintering the pressed compact in a nitrogen-hydrogen volume ratio of 9:1, sintering at 800 ℃ for 80min in a mixed atmosphere; and cooling to obtain the target product.
Example 2
A preparation method of a copper-based powder metallurgy material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing Cu powder, Sn powder, Al powder and Cu2O powder, and zinc stearate powder were mixed in accordance with Sn: 4%, Al: 1% of Cu2O: 3.8%, zinc stearate: 0.5 percent, and the balance of Cu are mixed evenly;
s2, putting the uniformly mixed raw material powder into a die, paving, and pressing into a pressed compact under the pressure of 500 MPa;
s3, placing the pressed compact in a sintering furnace, and sintering the pressed compact in a nitrogen-hydrogen volume ratio of 9:1, sintering at 900 ℃ for 80min in a mixed atmosphere; and cooling to obtain the target product.
Example 3
A preparation method of a copper-based powder metallurgy material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing Cu powder, Sn powder, Al powder and Cu2O powder, and zinc stearate powder were mixed in accordance with Sn: 8%, Al: 2% of Cu2O: 5%, zinc stearate: 0.7 percent, and the balance of Cu are mixed evenly;
s2, filling the uniformly mixed raw material powder into a die, paving, and pressing under the pressure of 600MPa to form a pressed compact;
s3, placing the pressed compact in a sintering furnace, and sintering the pressed compact in a nitrogen-hydrogen volume ratio of 9:1, sintering at 950 ℃ for 80min in a mixed atmosphere; and cooling to obtain the target product.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a copper-based powder metallurgy material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing Cu powder, Sn powder and zinc stearate powder according to the ratio of Sn: 3%, zinc stearate: 0.3 percent, and the balance of Cu are mixed evenly;
s2, filling the uniformly mixed raw material powder into a die, paving, and pressing under the pressure of 400MPa to form a compact;
s3, placing the pressed compact in a sintering furnace, and sintering the pressed compact in a nitrogen-hydrogen volume ratio of 9:1, sintering at 800 ℃ for 80min in a mixed atmosphere; and cooling to obtain the target product.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a copper-based powder metallurgy material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing Cu powder, Sn powder and zinc stearate powder according to the ratio of Sn: 4%, zinc stearate: 0.5 percent, and the balance of Cu are mixed evenly;
s2, putting the uniformly mixed raw material powder into a die, paving, and pressing into a pressed compact under the pressure of 500 MPa;
s3, placing the pressed compact in a sintering furnace, and sintering the pressed compact in a nitrogen-hydrogen volume ratio of 9:1, sintering in a mixed atmosphere for 80 min; and cooling to obtain the target product.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a copper-based powder metallurgy material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing Cu powder, Sn powder and zinc stearate powder according to the ratio of Sn: 8%, zinc stearate: 0.7 percent, and the balance of Cu are mixed evenly;
s2, filling the uniformly mixed raw material powder into a die, paving, and pressing under the pressure of 600MPa to form a pressed compact;
s3, placing the pressed compact in a sintering furnace, and sintering the pressed compact in a nitrogen-hydrogen volume ratio of 9:1, sintering at 950 ℃ for 80min in a mixed atmosphere; and cooling to obtain the target product.
The products prepared in the above examples and comparative examples are tested for their properties, wherein the impact toughness is tested by the impact test method of sintered metal materials (excluding cemented carbide) in accordance with the national standard GB/T9096-; the test results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 results of performance test of products prepared in each example and comparative example
From the data in table 1 it can be seen that the density of the material prepared in each example is slightly lower than that of the comparative example, but the impact toughness is significantly improved; and the frictional wear performance of the materials prepared in the examples is not obviously changed from that of the comparative example. By adopting the embodiment, the impact toughness of the material can be obviously improved while the frictional wear performance of the material is ensured.
It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A copper-based powder metallurgy material, characterized in that: the copper-based powder metallurgy material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 3 to 8 percent of Sn, 0.5 to 2 percent of Al and Cu2O2-5%, zinc stearate 0.3-0.7%, and Cu in balance.
2. The method for producing a copper-based powder metallurgy material according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing Sn, Al and Cu respectively2Mixing O, zinc stearate and Cu uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding the mixture into a mold, paving, and performing compression molding to obtain a pressed compact;
and S3, placing the pressed blank in a heating device to carry out sintering treatment in a reducing atmosphere to obtain the copper-based powder metallurgy material.
3. The method for producing a copper-based powder metallurgy material according to claim 2, wherein: in step S2, the pressure of the press molding is 400-600 MPa.
4. The method for producing a copper-based powder metallurgy material according to claim 2, wherein: in step S3, the heating device is a sintering furnace.
5. The method for producing a copper-based powder metallurgy material according to claim 2, wherein: in step S3, the reducing atmosphere is a mixed atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen.
6. The method for producing a copper-based powder metallurgy material according to claim 2, wherein: in step S3, the sintering temperature is 800-950 ℃, and the time is 40-80 min.
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2021
- 2021-12-17 CN CN202111554668.7A patent/CN114309582B/en active Active
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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