CN114309510A - Mechanically-stirred metal continuous casting process and mechanically-stirred device - Google Patents
Mechanically-stirred metal continuous casting process and mechanically-stirred device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114309510A CN114309510A CN202111403002.1A CN202111403002A CN114309510A CN 114309510 A CN114309510 A CN 114309510A CN 202111403002 A CN202111403002 A CN 202111403002A CN 114309510 A CN114309510 A CN 114309510A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal continuous casting process with mechanical stirring and a mechanical stirring device. Solves the problems of equipment deformation, poor stirring effect, high energy consumption and the like in the existing metal continuous casting process. The process comprises the following steps: before casting, controlling to drive the water-cooled dummy bar head to move upwards, extending the water-cooled dummy bar head into the crystallizer, and plugging the dummy bar head; blank drawing: pouring molten steel into the crystallizer, starting pouring, and controlling to drive the water-cooled dummy bar head to move downwards to play a role in blank drawing; stirring: after the casting of the fixed-length casting blank is finished, the water-cooled dummy bar head is controlled to be driven to rotate, so that the casting blank is driven to rotate, and the aim of stirring molten steel is fulfilled. The invention has the advantages of extremely simple process, convenient operation, stable and reliable blank drawing, low energy consumption, good stirring effect, suitability for large-section casting blanks and good product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of continuous casting in the metallurgical industry, in particular to a metal continuous casting process with mechanical stirring and a mechanical stirring device.
Background
Along with the economic development of China, the requirements for large-scale casting and forging pieces are more and more. The large-scale casting and forging piece can be used as a blank manufactured by major complete equipment, and can also be directly applied to major engineering projects in a finished product form. At present, large-scale casting and forging pieces are mainly applied to electric power, ships, heavy machinery, metallurgy, petrochemical industry and national defense industry. Such as wind power generator shafts, hydroelectric generator shafts, ship propeller shafts, bell cranks, rollers and the like.
In the past, large castings are obtained mainly through die casting, the production efficiency is low, and the internal quality of the castings is difficult to guarantee. With the technological progress, especially the development of continuous casting technology, large castings can be produced by vertical continuous casting. Improving economic benefit, reducing consumption index and reducing pollution.
In the vertical continuous casting production process of the large-section casting, the blank drawing adopts spiral screw rod transmission, and because the slender ratio of the screw rod is very large, the load of the spiral screw rod is increased along with the increase of the dead weight of the casting blank in the blank drawing process, the bending deformation of the screw rod is easy to occur, so that the spiral screw rod is blocked and cannot be stably drawn.
In the vertical continuous casting production process of the large-section casting, the complete solidification time is long, the defects of looseness, shrinkage cavity, segregation, cracks and the like can occur at the center of the casting blank due to selective crystallization of molten steel and dendritic crystal bridging, and the isometric crystal ratio is low. This creates problems with billet quality: the casting blank has low success rate, and the quality of a finished product of subsequent forging is also seriously influenced. The prior art means is through portable terminal electromagnetic stirring, its theory of operation: a mathematical model is established according to the solidification heat transfer of a casting blank, the position of a solidification tail end is estimated, and the tail end electromagnetic stirring can move up and down in the casting drawing direction, so that the effect of stirring molten steel at the solidification front is achieved.
For example, patent No. 201310575955.5 discloses a metal continuous casting process using electromagnetic excitation and mechanical stirring, which is characterized in that a very complex chaotic flow is formed by utilizing a micro flow generated by electromagnetic excitation and a macro flow generated by mechanical stirring by a stirring paddle inserted into the center of molten steel from top to bottom, so as to obtain an ultrafine holoisometric crystal structure. On one hand, in terms of structure, a more complex structure is needed, devices such as a rotor stirring paddle, a rotating wheel, a program-controlled motor, a magnetic field generator, a coil, a voltage-regulating and frequency-modulating alternating current power supply and the like are needed besides a crystallizer, so that the equipment structure is more complex, the energy consumption is high, the installation, manufacturing and maintenance costs are high, in terms of operation, the stirring paddle needs to be inserted independently after casting blank pouring is completed, and the stirring paddle needs to be extracted after stirring is completed, so that the operation is more complex, and the production period is prolonged; on the other hand, the electromagnetic stirring at the solidification tail end has a certain effect on casting blanks with sections with the diameter less than phi 800mm, and has no obvious effect on casting blanks with the diameter of phi 800mm and sections with the diameter more than phi 800mm, the main reason is that the casting blanks with the diameter of phi 800mm and sections with the diameter more than phi are thick at the solidification tail end, most of magnetic fields are lost when electromagnetic fields penetrate through the blank shells, but the electromagnetic field intensity cannot be infinitely enhanced, so the stirring effect is not obvious. Secondly, factors influencing the calculation of the solidification heat transfer mathematical model are many, and the position of the solidification tail end is difficult to accurately grasp, so that the actual effect of electromagnetic stirring is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a mechanically-stirred metal continuous casting process which is extremely simple in process, convenient to operate, capable of realizing stable and reliable blank drawing, low in energy consumption, good in stirring effect, capable of effectively reducing the large fluctuation of the liquid level of a crystallizer and reducing the slag entrapment of a casting blank, and the produced large-section casting blank meets the product quality requirement.
The invention also provides a mechanical stirring device of the vertical large round billet continuous casting machine, which has the advantages of extremely simple structure, low equipment investment and operation cost, low energy consumption and easy operation and control and is used for the process.
The invention relates to a metal continuous casting process with mechanical stirring, which comprises the following steps:
dummy ingot: before casting, controlling to drive the water-cooled dummy bar head to move upwards, extending the water-cooled dummy bar head into the crystallizer, and plugging the dummy bar head;
blank drawing: pouring molten steel into the crystallizer, starting pouring, and controlling to drive the water-cooled dummy bar head to move downwards to play a role in blank drawing;
stirring: after the casting of the fixed-length casting blank is finished, the water-cooled dummy bar head is controlled to be driven to rotate, so that the casting blank is driven to rotate, and the aim of stirring molten steel is fulfilled.
In the step of drawing the blank, the vibration operation is synchronously carried out from the beginning of pouring, namely the water-cooled dummy bar head is controlled to drive the casting blank to do vertical periodic reciprocating motion along the direction of drawing the blank, and the downward displacement is larger than the upward displacement until the pouring of the fixed-length casting blank is finished.
Controlling the vibration frequency of the vibration operation for 15-75 times/min, wherein the waveform is sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal. The casting blank is a casting blank with the diameter of phi 800mm or more.
In the step of drawing, the drawing speed is controlled to be 0.05-0.3 m/min.
In the stirring step, the rotating speed of the casting blank is controlled to be 2-8 r/min.
In the stirring step, forward rotation and reverse rotation are alternately carried out.
The forward rotation time is 15-20min, and the reverse rotation time is 15-20 min.
The invention relates to a mechanical stirring device of a vertical large round billet continuous casting machine, which comprises a multi-stage oil cylinder and a water-cooled dummy bar head, wherein a final-stage oil cylinder in the multi-stage oil cylinder is connected with the water-cooled dummy bar head through a moving frame, the moving frame is in sliding fit with a guide upright post, and the lower end of the guide upright post is fixed on a civil engineering foundation.
The movable frame is provided with a slewing bearing, a rotating part of the slewing bearing is connected with a water-cooled dummy bar head, and the rotating part of the slewing bearing is driven to rotate by a transmission device.
The guide upright post is provided with a slide way, and the moving frame is provided with a pulley or a slide rail matched with the slide way.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the following improvements are made:
(1) the inventor changes the conventional common thinking of electromagnetic stirring from the center of molten steel or from the outside of a crystallizer, but finds that the solidification front edge under the internal section of a casting blank has an irregular state after the casting of the casting blank is finished, so that the casting blank only needs to be simply driven to rotate, the molten steel at the solidification front edge in the casting blank can rotate, and the stirring of the molten steel at the solidification front edge is realized, so that the selective crystallization of the molten steel is prevented or reduced, dendrites at the solidification front edge are broken, the temperature of the molten steel of a liquid core is balanced, and the aims of eliminating or reducing the defects of casting blank center looseness, shrinkage cavity, segregation, cracks and the like and improving the isometric crystal ratio are fulfilled. The method does not need to predict the accurate position of the solidification tail end in pure mechanical stirring, and any molten steel at the solidification front can be stirred as long as the casting blank has the rotating angular speed, so that the method is particularly suitable for large-section casting blanks with the diameter of phi 800mm and above. The casting blank is very simple to rotate, only the water-cooling dummy bar head is driven to rotate, the equipment for driving the water-cooling dummy bar head to rotate is very simple, the operation cost and the equipment investment are both greatly reduced, and the operation difficulty and the maintenance cost are also lower.
Further, the rotation speed of the casting blank is preferably controlled to be 2-8r/min to ensure the molten steel stirring effect, slag entrapment is caused when the speed is too high, the improvement effect of the quality of the over-slow metallurgy is small, specifically, the rotation speed is related to the section diameter of the casting blank, and the rotation speed is slower when the section diameter is larger; preferably, the forward rotation and the reverse rotation are alternately carried out, and the forward rotation and the reverse rotation are the same in time and are both 15-20 min.
(2) The multi-stage oil cylinder, the moving frame and the guide upright post are used for replacing the traditional screw rod transmission, on one hand, the running speed of the multi-stage oil cylinder can form closed-loop control through a displacement sensor and a hydraulic servo valve, so that the running speed of the multi-stage oil cylinder is controllable, and stable and reliable blank drawing can be realized; on the other hand, the sliding fit of the movable frame and the guide upright post is utilized to guide the whole process of the blank drawing process, the strength is high, the deformation is not easy, the guidance performance is good, the stability of the blank drawing is ensured, and meanwhile, the movable frame can be used for installing a slewing bearing; the water-cooled dummy bar head can be driven to rotate while dummy bar and blank drawing actions are realized, and the structure is extremely simple and achieves multiple purposes.
(3) The mode that the crystallizer is driven to vibrate by an independent vibrating device in the past is completely changed, the multistage oil cylinder drives the casting blank to do up-and-down reciprocating motion along the blank drawing direction through the water-cooled dummy bar head, and further, the aim of synchronously realizing vibration and blank drawing by the same multistage oil cylinder is fulfilled by controlling the downward displacement to be larger than the upward displacement, so that the investment of the independent vibrating device is saved, and the operation difficulty is also reduced.
Has the advantages that:
the process is extremely simple, convenient to operate, low in energy consumption and good in stirring effect, can realize stable and reliable blank drawing, can effectively reduce the large fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer and the slag entrapment of the casting blank only by simple mechanical stirring, and the produced large-section casting blank meets the product quality requirement; the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low equipment investment and operation cost, low energy consumption and easy operation and control, and can realize synchronous ingot guiding, blank drawing, vibration and rotation actions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of stirring.
The casting method comprises the following steps of 1-casting blank, 2-water-cooled dummy bar head, 3-guide upright post, 4-slewing bearing, 5-transmission device, 6-moving frame, 7-multistage oil cylinder, 8-pulley and 9-slideway.
Detailed Description
The inventive device is further explained below with reference to the drawings:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a final stage oil cylinder in the multi-stage oil cylinders 7 is connected with a moving frame 6, a rotary support 4 is arranged on the moving frame 6, a rotary part of the rotary support 4 is connected with a water-cooled dummy bar head 2, the rotary part of the rotary support 4 is driven to rotate by a transmission device 5, and the transmission device 5 is also fixed on the moving frame 6.
The locomotive 6 puts up and guide post 3 sliding fit, if be equipped with slide 9 on the guide post 3, be equipped with on the locomotive 6 with slide 9 complex pulley 8. The lower end of the guide upright post 3 is fixed on a civil foundation.
The process comprises the following steps:
dummy ingot: before casting, the moving frame 6 is pushed by the multi-stage oil cylinder 7 to drive the water-cooled dummy bar head 2 to move upwards through the slewing bearing 4, and the water-cooled dummy bar head 2 is extended into the crystallizer to plug the dummy bar head;
blank drawing: pouring molten steel into the crystallizer, starting pouring, pushing the multi-stage oil cylinder 7 to move downwards along the guide upright post 3 by the movable frame 6 under the action of self weight and the gravity of the molten steel, controlling the downward movement speed of the movable frame 6 by the multi-stage oil cylinder 7, and performing the action of blank drawing through the water-cooled dummy bar head 2; the multi-stage oil cylinder 7 forms closed-loop control under the combined action of a displacement sensor and a hydraulic servo valve, the blank drawing speed is 0.05-0.3 m/min, and the operation is stable and reliable;
in the process of drawing, the multistage oil cylinder 7 drives the casting blank 1 to do periodic up-and-down reciprocating motion along the drawing direction through the water-cooled dummy bar head 2, the downward displacement is controlled to be larger than the upward displacement, the vibration frequency is controlled to be 15-75 times/min, the waveform is sinusoidal or nonsinusoidal until the pouring of a fixed-length casting blank 1 is finished, and the drawing and the vibration functions are realized;
stirring: after a fixed-length casting blank 1 is poured, starting a transmission device 5 (such as a motor and a speed reducer) to drive a water-cooled dummy bar head 2 to rotate through a slewing bearing 4, so as to drive the casting blank 1 to rotate, and controlling the rotation speed of the casting blank to be 2-8 r/min; in the stirring step, forward rotation and reverse rotation are alternately carried out, wherein the total forward rotation time is 15-20min, and the total reverse rotation time is 15-20 min. The principle is as follows: the casting blank 1 is driven by a water-cooled dummy bar head 2 to do rotary motion by a rotary support 4, referring to fig. 3, because the casting blank 1 is cooled unevenly, a concave-convex uneven surface is formed at the front of the internal solidification of the casting blank 1, so that any point in a solidification shell on the cross section of the casting blank 1 has an angular speed, the surface drives molten steel to rotate, the effect of stirring the molten steel is realized, and the water-cooled dummy bar is particularly suitable for large-section casting blanks with the diameter of more than phi 800 mm.
The process is suitable for casting blanks with the diameter of more than phi 800mm, compared with the traditional device for carrying out transmission and drawing on the large-section casting blank by a spiral screw rod and carrying out movable type tail end electromagnetic stirring, the equipment investment can be reduced by 70 percent by adopting the process, only the motor energy consumption of a transmission device is required, the electromagnetic energy consumption expenditure is avoided, the energy consumption can be reduced by 85 percent, stirring paddles do not need to be independently inserted or drawn out, the continuous production can be realized, the defects of central looseness, shrinkage cavity, segregation, cracks and the like of the large-section casting blank are eliminated or reduced, the isometric crystal ratio is improved, and the casting blank produced by a large-section vertical continuous casting machine can meet the product quality: the central porosity grade is not less than 1 grade, the maximum diameter of the central shrinkage cavity is not more than 1.5 percent of the diameter of the round billet, the central crack is not less than 1 grade, the carbon segregation index is not more than 1.1, and the isometric crystal ratio is more than 50 percent.
Claims (10)
1. A mechanically-stirred continuous metal casting process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dummy ingot: before casting, controlling to drive the water-cooled dummy bar head to move upwards, extending the water-cooled dummy bar head into the crystallizer, and plugging the dummy bar head;
blank drawing: pouring molten steel into the crystallizer, starting pouring, and controlling to drive the water-cooled dummy bar head to move downwards to play a role in blank drawing;
stirring: after the casting of the fixed-length casting blank is finished, the water-cooled dummy bar head is controlled to be driven to rotate, so that the casting blank is driven to rotate, and the aim of stirring molten steel is fulfilled.
2. The mechanically-stirred continuous metal casting process according to claim 1, wherein in the drawing step, the vibration operation is performed synchronously from the beginning of the casting, namely the water-cooled dummy bar head is controlled to drive the casting blank to do the up-and-down periodic reciprocating motion along the drawing direction, and the downward displacement is larger than the upward displacement until the casting of the sized casting blank is completed.
3. The mechanically-stirred continuous metal casting process according to claim 2, wherein in the drawing step, the vibration frequency of the vibration operation is controlled to be 15 to 75 times/min, and the waveform is sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal.
4. The mechanically stirred continuous metal casting process of claim 1, wherein the billet has a diameter of 800mm or more.
5. The mechanically stirred continuous metal casting process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the drawing step, a drawing speed is controlled to be 0.05 to 0.3 m/min.
6. The mechanically stirred continuous metal casting process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the stirring step, the strand rotation speed is controlled to be 2 to 8 r/min.
7. The mechanically-stirred continuous metal casting process according to claim 6, wherein the stirring step is performed by alternately rotating forward and backward, and the forward rotation time is 15-20min and the backward rotation time is 15-20 min.
8. A vertical large round billet continuous casting machine mechanical stirring device for the metal continuous casting process of any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises a multi-stage oil cylinder and a water-cooled dummy bar head, and is characterized in that a final-stage oil cylinder in the multi-stage oil cylinder is connected with the water-cooled dummy bar head through a moving frame, the moving frame is in sliding fit with a guide upright post, and the lower end of the guide upright post is fixed on a civil engineering foundation.
9. The mechanical stirring device of a vertical round billet continuous casting machine in the metal continuous casting process according to claim 8, wherein a rotary support is arranged on the moving frame, a rotary part of the rotary support is connected with the water-cooled dummy head, and the rotary part of the rotary support is driven to rotate by a transmission device.
10. The mechanical stirring device of a vertical round billet continuous casting machine in the metal continuous casting process according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a slideway is arranged on the guide upright post, and a pulley or a slide rail matched with the slideway is arranged on the movable frame.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114905016A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-16 | 武汉大西洋连铸设备工程有限责任公司 | Mechanical rotary stirring device applied to casting blank solidification process |
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| JPH01127150A (en) * | 1987-11-11 | 1989-05-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for starting casting in belt type continuous casting machine and device for dummy bar |
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| KR20100050307A (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-13 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Continuous casting equipment and method for high purity silicon |
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| CN101941062A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2011-01-12 | 阎瑞河 | Vertical continuous casting method and device for large-scale annular casting blank |
| CN106457371A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2017-02-22 | 首要金属科技奥地利有限责任公司 | Semi-continuous casting of a steel strip |
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2021
- 2021-11-24 CN CN202111403002.1A patent/CN114309510B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH01127150A (en) * | 1987-11-11 | 1989-05-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for starting casting in belt type continuous casting machine and device for dummy bar |
| CN1411935A (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-23 | 金敬美 | Spray casting method and equipment for alloy ingot-casting |
| KR20100050307A (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-13 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Continuous casting equipment and method for high purity silicon |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114905016A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-16 | 武汉大西洋连铸设备工程有限责任公司 | Mechanical rotary stirring device applied to casting blank solidification process |
| CN114905016B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2024-01-12 | 武汉大西洋连铸设备工程有限责任公司 | Mechanical rotary stirring device applied to casting blank solidification process |
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